EP3201006A1 - Caractéristique d'identification servant à identifier un objet - Google Patents

Caractéristique d'identification servant à identifier un objet

Info

Publication number
EP3201006A1
EP3201006A1 EP16779022.9A EP16779022A EP3201006A1 EP 3201006 A1 EP3201006 A1 EP 3201006A1 EP 16779022 A EP16779022 A EP 16779022A EP 3201006 A1 EP3201006 A1 EP 3201006A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ink
identification
pigments
identification feature
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16779022.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3201006B1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Agathakis
Stephan KOTH
Harald Jeschonneck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koenig and Bauer AG
Original Assignee
Koenig and Bauer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koenig and Bauer AG filed Critical Koenig and Bauer AG
Publication of EP3201006A1 publication Critical patent/EP3201006A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3201006B1 publication Critical patent/EP3201006B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • Identification feature for identifying an object
  • the invention relates to an identification feature for identifying an article according to claim 1.
  • Electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range of about 380 nm to 790 nm is generally referred to as light spectrum and is perceivable by humans with his eyes as light. Since the sensitivity of the human eye at the perceptual limits does not abruptly, but gradually decreases, an overly precise narrowing of the light spectrum makes little sense. In addition, the color perception for individual wavelengths in humans is individually slightly different pronounced. Therefore, the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) has empirically determined spectral sensitivities for wavelengths and defined a standard valence system to establish a relation between human color perception (color) and the physical causes of a color stimulus (color valence). The CIE standard-valence system captures the totality of human perceivable colors.
  • the wavelength ranges adjacent to the light spectrum are the short-wave range
  • Diffraction phenomena are neglected. Diffraction or Diffraction is the deflection of waves on an obstacle. Diffraction can cause a wave in areas of space spread, which would be blocked in a straight path through the obstacle. However, diffraction is no longer negligible if geometric structures play a role whose size is comparable to the wavelength of the waves used. In the
  • Quantum physics is no longer understood as a classic wave, but as a quantum object. Accordingly, the light is composed of individual discrete energy quanta, the so-called photons.
  • a photon is an elementary particle that always moves at the speed of light.
  • Body absorbed. This can cause an electron present in matter to be raised to a higher energy level and the body heats up. When the radiation is absorbed by matter regardless of its wavelength, the body appears black. If only a part of the light spectrum is absorbed, the remaining parts of the spectrum will be determined
  • Incidence angle and angle of departure are equal to each other.
  • the ratio of the reflected light intensity to the incident light intensity is called reflectance and is material and
  • the light changes its spread, but not like the
  • Reflection in a defined direction but diffuse in all possible spatial directions.
  • Compton scattering on free electrons
  • Rayleigh scattering on bound electrons without energy transfer
  • Raman scattering on bound electrons with energy transfer
  • Mie scattering on particles whose expansion in the
  • Optical activity Certain media rotate the polarization plane of polarized light.
  • Photoelectric effect The photons of the incident radiation dissolve electrons from the irradiated body.
  • a color stimulus results from absorption and remission (i.e., scattering or reflection) of certain frequency components of visible light.
  • the color stimulus is the physical identification of the radiation of visible light, which causes a perception by direct irritation of the retina of the eye, whereby this perception can be perceived as color.
  • the color stimulus can be from both a primary light source, i. H. from a self-radiator, d. H. from a self-luminous source, as well as from a secondary light source, d. H. emanating from a lit body.
  • a color stimulus caused by a primary light source it is called a light color
  • the color stimulus caused by a secondary light source is referred to as body color.
  • Body colors change the spectral composition of the incident light according to a transmission and remission behavior of the matter of the body in question.
  • a relative spectral radiation distribution S A is critical, ie the "irritating" radiation as a function of the wavelength and not in its absolute magnitude or intensity
  • the spectral distribution which determines the color sensation is called the color-stimulation function ⁇ ( ⁇ ) In the case of a self-radiator, this function is equal to its spectral distribution S (A)
  • Beam density factor ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and the spectral distribution of the light source determined.
  • Radiometry is the science of measuring electromagnetic radiation and their application. The quantitative measurement of radiation intensities is done with different types of detectors.
  • the detectors for the physical measurement of radiation quantities are called radiometers. These detectors convert part of the radiation into heat or into an electrical signal, which, among other things, can be used to deduce the nature of the radiating surface and its temperature.
  • Photometry or photometry refers to measurement methods in the wavelength range of the visible light and the ultraviolet spectral range using a photometer, with a photometer or photometer being an instrument for measuring at least one of them
  • Photometric quantities are derived from the associated radiometric quantities. The difference between a photometric quantity and a corresponding radiometric quantity is that in photometry the sensitivity of the observer is taken into account by measuring the radiometric quantity with a CIE standardized spectral
  • Healing sensitivity curve which is also referred to as V-lambda curve is multiplied.
  • An index v in noncursive writing, which is attached to the variables by convention, stands for the reference to visible light, ie typically the spectral range from 380 nm to 790 nm.
  • the luminous flux measured in the SI unit lumen (Im), is the radiant power of a light source, weighted with the curative sensitivity curve, and corresponds to
  • radiometric size radiant power d. H. the radiation flux or the
  • the amount of light, measured in the SI unit lumensecond (Ims), is the
  • Radiation energy of a light source weighted with the sensitivity curve, and corresponds to the radiometric quantity radiant energy, d. H. the amount of radiation or the energy of a number of photons, in one as a stream of photons
  • the light intensity, measured in the SI unit Candela (cd), is the luminous flux per
  • Solid angle measured at a great distance from the light source, and corresponds to the radiometric quantity of radiation intensity, d. H. the radiation intensity, radiant intensity or the radiation flux in each case per solid angle, measured in the SI unit watts per steradian (W / sr).
  • the light intensity indicates how intensively a light source shines in a certain direction.
  • the luminous flux is equal to the luminous intensity multiplied by 4 ⁇ , the full solid angle.
  • Illuminance measured in the SI unit Lux (Ix) is the luminous flux per illuminated area, and corresponds to the radiometric magnitude of irradiance, ie. H. the radiation current density or the radiation flux each more effective
  • Receiver surface measured in the SI unit watts per square meter (W / m 2 ). The illuminance indicates how intensively the surface is illuminated.
  • the specific light emission measured in the SI unit lux (Ix) is the emitted luminous flux, based on the size of the light-emitting surface, and corresponds to the radiometric magnitude specific radiation or emission current density, ie the radiation flux per effective transmitter surface, measured in the SI Unit watts per square meter (W / m 2 ).
  • the luminance measured in the SI unit candela per square meter (cd / m 2 ), is the luminous intensity of a light source, based on its projected area (perpendicular to the viewing direction), and corresponds to the radiometric quantity radiance, ie the radiation flux per solid angle per effective Transmitter area, measured in units of watts watts per square meter and steradian (W / (m 2 sr)).
  • the luminance takes a picture-capturing optical system, for. As the person or a camera, as brightness of a light-emitting surface true.
  • An emission spectrum is the electromagnetic spectrum of atoms
  • Molecules or materials is emitted without electromagnetic radiation of the same frequency is irradiated.
  • the counterpart of an emission spectrum is the absorption spectrum. While discrete energy levels cause a line spectrum, energy bands cause a continuous spectrum.
  • Atom spectrum is the emission spectrum of a single isolated atom, ie the intensity of the light emitted by it as a function of wavelength or frequency.
  • the spectral lines each correspond to the energy difference between two different states of the atom. This energy difference is applied, for example, by an absorbed photon and then emitted in the form of another photon with that energy, that is emitted. This energy (or in the spectrum the line) is discrete, so it can not take any values. This implies that each atom - according to its electron configuration - can only emit particles of discrete wavelength. The wavelengths of the emitted particles are therefore specific to a particular element.
  • the fact that the "lines" in the spectrum ('peaks') are exact curves with a certain width is based on quantum effects.
  • Black radiator (Planck's law of radiation) of the same temperature multiplied by the absorption coefficient for electromagnetic radiation of the "object" at the respective wavelength.
  • a solid is matter in the solid state, especially at a temperature of 20 ° C.
  • Solid particles have a certain minimum extent in technical usage, but this is not sharply defined. They are therefore macroscopic body - in contrast to microscopic bodies such. For example, atoms and molecules.
  • Polycrystalline solids consist of a collection of small single crystals, which are disorganized into a large whole.
  • An absorption or absorption line spectrum is an electromagnetic spectrum that arises when broadband, in particular white, light radiates matter and light quanta, i. H. Photons of certain wavelengths or wavelengths are absorbed thereby (resonance absorption). The absorbed photons are missing in the
  • An absorption band is a wavelength interval in which the electromagnetic radiation, e.g. As solar radiation, by chemical substances, eg. B. atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, methane, etc. on the way to Receiver is selectively absorbed.
  • the originally continuous spectrum of the radiation source arrives at the receiver only with dark gaps, these gaps forming the so-called absorption bands. Certain intervals of the entire wavelength range emitted by the radiation source are no longer present.
  • An image of the spectrum obtained by selective absorption is called band spectrum.
  • An absorption band consists of a larger number of individual, ie singular, closely spaced absorption lines. The absorption bands are due to the coupling of electrical vibrational and rotational excitation in molecules, so that no single energy difference is absorbed, but depending on the excitation of the molecules, a whole range of energy values, ie the
  • Radiation source emitted electromagnetic radiation are absorbed by these photons excite atoms, then it is sharply defined
  • spectroscopy is an important method for analyzing substances. Be free atoms, z. B. in a gas or vapor, spectroscopy, the photons are emitted again after absorption, uniformly in all spatial directions. If the light is radiated only from one direction, then in the light which has passed through it is found that for the atomic species at hand, d. H. for the chemical element in question, typical absorption spectrum as
  • Luminescence is the optical radiation of a physical system, which arises during the transition from an excited state to the ground state. Depending on the type of excitation, a distinction is made between different types of luminescence. So z. B.
  • Electroluminescence excited by electric current z. B. in light emitting diodes (LED).
  • Photoluminescence is excited by photons, with differentiation between phosphorescence and fluorescence depending on the time between excitation and emission of the light.
  • Radioluminescence is excited by an irradiation with alpha or beta radiation or by X-radiation.
  • Superluminescence is produced by optical pumping, whereby spontaneously emitted light is amplified by stimulated emission in an optically active medium.
  • Chemiluminescence is excited by a chemical reaction.
  • a light-emitting diode is a semiconductor light-emitting component whose electrical properties correspond to those of a pn-type semiconductor diode.
  • a light emitting diode emits electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength ( ⁇ ) dependent on the semiconductor material and its doping, this radiation being either visible light or infrared radiation or ultraviolet radiation.
  • Valence band and a conduction band of the solid ie can not be excited in the so-called band gap, the energy of a photon must surpass the energy of the band gap. Otherwise, the photon can not be absorbed.
  • the Energy of a photon is coupled to the frequency of electromagnetic radiation via Planck's constant of action. If a solid has a bandgap, it is therefore transparent to radiation below a certain frequency or above a certain wavelength ( ⁇ ), with the exception of special effects.
  • the energy of a photon emitted by the solid is equal to the energy of the bandgap, ie the energy gap between the conduction and valence bands.
  • the energy of the bandgap decreases with increasing temperature due to the thermal expansion of the lattice first quadratically, then more or less linearly, starting from a maximum value at the temperature of zero Kelvin.
  • the temperature dependence of the band gap is material-dependent and can be z. B. with the Varshni formula describe.
  • the size of the band gap, ie the energy gap, determines the energy, ie
  • Frequency wavelength or color of the radiation or the emitted light. It can be controlled by the chemical composition of the semiconductor. Thus, the exchange of atoms in the crystal lattice alters the crystalline and / or molecular structure of the material, u. a. its lattice parameters or even its lattice structure.
  • the properties of the radiation generated can be varied. In particular, the spectral range and the efficiency can be influenced.
  • light emitting diodes of the frequently used semiconductor material emit indium gallium nitride (InGaN) or gallium nitride (GaN) in the ultraviolet (230 nm ⁇ ⁇ 400 nm), violet (400 nm ⁇ ⁇ 450 nm), blue (450 nm ⁇ ⁇ ) depending on the doping 500 nm) or green (500 nm ⁇ ⁇ 570 nm) spectral range.
  • InGaN indium gallium nitride
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • LEDs emit in a limited spectral range ⁇ z. B. of a maximum ⁇ «30 nm, so their radiation is almost monochromatic.
  • Indium gallium nitride (InGaN, ln x Gai -xN ), which is an Ill-V semiconductor formed from the two basic substances gallium nitride and indium nitride, results in a ratio of 2% indium nitride and 98% gallium nitride a bandgap that provides near ultraviolet emission.
  • 20% indium nitride and 80% gallium nitride produce a blue-violet radiation with a wavelength of 420 nm. At a ratio of 30% / 70%, the radiation is 440 nm, which is blue Color corresponds.
  • Other materials for LEDs form z.
  • White light can with light emitting diodes z. B. by the following methods for additive
  • LEDs z. B. may be used in one and the same component. Blue light-emitting diodes are combined with yellow or with red and green in such a way that their light mixes well and thus appears white.
  • a blue LED is combined with cerium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet powder. Since blue LEDs have the highest efficiency, while UV LEDs are less than half, this is the most economical way to produce white light using LEDs, but with the disadvantage of a blue cast of white light.
  • the light-emitting layer is usually InGaN, whose blue light is from the
  • Phosphor is partially converted into longer-wave light.
  • the light color of the LED is also at least partially dependent on the layer thickness of the phosphor.
  • WO 2007/017049 A1 describes.
  • WO 2007/017049 A1 also discloses photonic material with regularly arranged cavities containing at least one colorant, the wall material of the photonic material being dielectric Has properties and as such substantially non-absorbing acts for the wavelength of an absorption band of the respective colorant and in
  • Substantially transparent to the wavelength of an absorption wavelength excitable emission of the colorant and the cavities are designed to store radiation of the wavelength of the weak absorption band of the colorant in the photonic material.
  • the colorant is an emitter for radiation in the range of 550 nm to 700 nm, which is preferably a rare earth compound doped with europium, samarium, terbium or praseodymium, preferably with triply positively charged europium ions.
  • the colorant is present in nanoparticulate form, preferably with an average particle size of less than 50 nm (hydraulic diameter determined by means of dynamic light scattering).
  • phosphor which produce visible light by excitation with short-wave light to the ultraviolet or electron bombardment.
  • Phosphors are often inorganic, crystalline substances, which provide a technically utilizable light output by targeted introduction of impurities in the crystal structure. In this case, purity levels of the starting materials of up to 99.9999% are required.
  • the phosphors are usually based on oxides or sulfides such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, zinc cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide selenide and silicates such as Willemite and
  • Zinkberylliumsilicat Zinc sulfide is also used in self-luminous radioactive luminescent paints.
  • the doping element determines the luminous color (ZnS: Mn-> orange-red, ZnS: Ag-> blue, ZnS: Cu-> green, ZnS: Ln-> depending on the lanthanoid red to blue-green).
  • Parameters such as light color of the fluorescence and phosphorescence, afterglow duration and efficiency of the energy reproduction are not only dependent on the substances used, but also of their processing such as annealing, grinding, quenching, atmospheric effects during these processes.
  • EP 2 062 960 A1 discloses a luminophore, in particular a luminophore, which is used in illuminations or in light-emitting devices including LEDs, wherein the luminophore is essentially a silicate and a phosphor
  • A is selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ba and combinations thereof;
  • a ' is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Zn and combinations thereof;
  • Ln an ion / ion is selected from at least one member selected from the group consisting of Nd, Dy, Ho, Tm, La, Ce, Er, Pr, Bi, Sm, Sn, Y, Lu, Ga, Sb, Tb, Mn and Pb;
  • M is selected from the group consisting of Cl, F, B, I and combinations thereof;
  • N is selected from the group consisting of Li +, Na +, K +, Ag + and
  • a, b, c, x, y, z and ⁇ are molar coefficients; 1, 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 5.0; 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 2.0; 0.5 ⁇ c ⁇ 2.5; 0.001 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.2; 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5; 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5; 0 ⁇ ⁇ 0.2; and where 1 ⁇ (a + b) / c ⁇ 4; and that upon energization of a light-emitting element as
  • Excitation light source having an emission spectrum in the range of UV light to blue light of 240 nm to 475 nm
  • the phosphor absorbs at least a portion of the light from the excitation light source and thus produces an emission spectrum having at least two maxima in the range of 370 nm to 760 nm
  • the phosphor is preferably excited by an excitation light source having an emission maximum in the range of UV light to blue-violet light of 240 nm to 455 nm, this phosphor having a light emission spectrum with two or three maxima in the range of 370 nm to 760 nm generated.
  • colorant is according to DIN 55943: 2001 -10 "colorants - terms" one Collective name for all coloring substances.
  • the DIN 55943 first divides the colorants into organic and inorganic colorants. Each of the two groups is divided into dyes and pigments. Pigments are coloring substances which, unlike dyes, are insoluble in the application medium. In this case, that substance is referred to as the application medium, in which the colorant is incorporated or will.
  • the properties of the pigments are in addition to the chemical structure by their solid state properties such. B. crystal structure, crystal modification,
  • Particle size and particle size distribution determined.
  • particles of the respective dye are referred to below, even if these particles are molecules soluble in the application medium or more complex chemical compounds.
  • Colorants specifically absorb a limited portion of the visible white light and remit the unabsorbed portion of the white light.
  • the complementary color of the light perceived by a viewer is absorbed by the colorant.
  • the color absorption is based on conjugated double bonds and aromatic
  • Colorant molecule releases energy by radiation in another, especially visible wavelength or by heat radiation again.
  • functional groups on the aromatic these groups as a nitro, sulfonic acid, dimethylamino or
  • Aromatics ie aromatic compounds or chemical compounds having at least one aromatic base body, are a class of substances in organic chemistry which are characterized
  • This delocalization leads to a special binding system in which no distinction can be made in the ring between single and double bonds. In simple, symmetrical ring systems, such. As the benzene, so are all
  • Aromatics are compared to non-aromatic
  • Double bond systems lower energy and therefore less reactive. In particular, they are not prone to addition reactions.
  • Hückel rule it can be determined whether a chemical compound is an aromatic molecule.
  • electromagnetic radiation eg. B. the light removed. Since these processes occur under quantum conditions, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is not continuous, but occurs only in certain jumps, which correspond to the energy difference between the electrons before and after the absorption. This energy difference is inversely proportional to the absorbed wavelength of the incident light and thus determines the color in which the colorant appears.
  • the ⁇ electrons can be "smeared”, ie delocalized, which reduces the energetic distance between the excited state and the ground state and shifts an absorption or emission maximum towards longer wavelengths. the more such unsaturated bonds are conjugated.
  • Chromophores consist of systems of conjugated double bonds such as carotene and / or large aromatic molecules such as methyl red. inorganic
  • Chromophores are often found among the transition metals. Examples are
  • chromophore refers to that part of a colorant which ensures the basic presence of the color.
  • Chromophores are molecular structures whose vibrational properties are due to
  • Auxochromes (electron donors) and anti-auxochromes (electron acceptors), which further shift and / or polarize the delocalized ⁇ electrons of the chromophore, can once again be significantly influenced.
  • Auxochromes or antiauxochromes increase the mesomerism in the molecule by displacing electrons to or from a chromophore group.
  • the absorption spectrum of a chromophore alone need not necessarily be within the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the chromophore is further modified by the mesomeric effect of a substituent, its absorption spectrum is usually shifted. Chromophores are therefore the basic structures that contain delocalizable electrons.
  • chromophores influences the hue of the colorant via its absorption maximum, while the frequency of the chromophores influences the color depth.
  • auxochromes or antiauxochromes in particular the following functional act
  • the manner of binding of the colorant are thereby z.
  • the binding of the colorant to a solid or the distribution of a dye in a solution can change the hue used in solvatochromism.
  • Solvatochromism refers to the
  • the recognizable color of the solution is based on interactions of the dye on the one hand with the solvent molecules and on the mutual interactions of the dye
  • Functional colorants fulfill a specific defined function in their application, which is not based solely on an aesthetic color scheme. So z.
  • an indicator dye is a functional colorant.
  • a particularly interesting application medium for colorants in the following are printing inks used in printing technology.
  • Printing inks contain colorants
  • Printing inks are suitable for coloring surfaces in technical and industrial processes in such a way that images and text are displayed.
  • Printing inks consist of dispersed, d. H. from i. d. R. extremely finely dispersed pigments, binders and organic solvents.
  • the printing ink black contains pigments of carbon black, in particular carbon black. Colored pigments are extracted from minerals or chemically produced.
  • the ink is to realize a required hue on a substrate, the hue can be specified as a color location in a color space.
  • the optical properties of a printing ink are dependent on the printing process used for the inking, the printing substrate, the location of the observer and the light source under which the printed product is viewed.
  • Printing inks consist of:
  • binders mainly of resins (solid resins, alkyd resins) to the
  • auxiliaries for adjusting the rheological properties for. B. for
  • the layer thicknesses of the printing inks applied to the printing substrate are very low (typically about 1 ⁇ to 8 ⁇ , in offset printing preferably from 0.7 ⁇ to 2.5 ⁇ ), especially strong pigments are used.
  • Most printing inks consist of a dispersion (actually: suspension) of pigments in a carrier fluid and are thus a heterogeneous substance mixture consisting of a liquid and finely distributed solids.
  • Pigments are organic, inorganic or synthetic crystalline powders.
  • Organic pigments are extracted from petroleum and used to make cyan, magenta, yellow and spot colors. Organic pigments are less stable to temperature.
  • Inorganic pigments are usually special blacks for black and titanium (IV) oxide for opaque white. Carbon black is inorganic by definition. Most inorganic pigments are characterized by the fact that they do not react chemically with the oxygen in the air, which makes them extremely resistant to aging and their hue virtually any length maintained. Finely ground metal pigments are used for
  • Silver effects are achieved by aluminum bronze.
  • Gold effects can be achieved by using brass bronze or aluminum bronze with yellow / orange pigment.
  • Luminescent colors are caused by UV-active pigments in the
  • Pigments are insoluble in the printing ink and are generally harmless to health. Radioactive bulbs are not counted among the pigments, although they are insoluble in the application medium. They are self-illuminants whose radiation is not caused by UV radiation or daylight, but by radioactive excitation.
  • Dyes allow purer colors than pigments because they light with a
  • Dyes are soluble on a molecular basis in water, alcohol and fats. Dyes, however, tend to fade under the influence of UV radiation, so they are not as colorfast as pigments. In addition, most dyes are toxic and therefore for the coloring of everyday objects
  • the pigments of the printing ink are in the binder, i. H. dispersed in a dispersant, d. H. finely distributed.
  • the binder allows good wetting of the individual pigments and prevents sticking of pigments to agglomerates.
  • the binders bond the printing ink on the substrate during printing and determine the viscosity.
  • a typical offset ink contains pigments in a mass fraction between 12% and 18%.
  • Pigments typically arise in the form of primary particles, in particular in the form of angular primary particles.
  • the primary particles can grow together to form aggregates via their surfaces.
  • Agglomerates are when primary particles and / or aggregates are connected by their respective corners and / or edges.
  • Dispersing process when incorporating the pigments into the relevant application medium, the pigment agglomerates are comminuted. This results in smaller agglomerates, aggregates and primary particles.
  • These, if present, are wetted by a dispersing medium or dispersing agent. Ideally, they are distributed statistically via the application medium.
  • WO 00/059731 A1 and WO 2012/083469 A1 have disclosed color pigments which belong to the substance class of the retinal proteins.
  • An important member of the retinal proteins is bacteriorhodopsin (BR).
  • the protein of the BR consists of 248 amino acids, which, arranged in seven approximately parallel alpha helices, pass through a cell membrane and form a pore. In this pore is a bound to the protein retinal molecule.
  • Retinal is the chromophore of the molecule and has an imine bond in it
  • BR forms in the cell membrane of Halobacterium salinarum,
  • trimers two-dimensional crystalline areas. These areas, up to five microns in size, in which BR trimers exist in a two-dimensional hexagonal arrangement in the lipid bilayer are called purple membrane (PM).
  • PM purple membrane
  • BR can be considered as a light energy driven molecular machine that pumps protons. Initiated by the light-induced isomerization of the chromophore and driven by changes in the proton affinities of amino acid functions, protons from one cytoplasmic to another are synthesized in a multi-step process extracellular side displaced by the pore of the protein. Triggering the directed proton shift is the isomerization of the retinal chromophore due to light absorption. The chromophore is in the unexposed state as a mixture of all-trans and 13-cis retinal, after exposure only in the 13-cis configuration.
  • Proton shifts are made before finally the initial state of the protein is restored and a new cycle can be run through.
  • This light-driven pumping of protons is linked to a cyclic sequence of spectroscopically distinct states of the protein. This episode is called a photocycle.
  • the photocycle cycling through exposure is reversible
  • Preparation with light in the visible wavelength range leads to a change in state, which is detectable for the purpose of authenticity testing.
  • the ink is an intensely colored liquid for use z. B. in the
  • Ink consists of a solution or dispersion of colorants in water or other solvent and contains little or no binder. Inks without binders are therefore none Printing inks. There are different types of ink, for. As inks with soluble colorants or with insoluble colorants, water-soluble inks, solvent-based inks or pigmented inks, which pigments in contrast to dyes in
  • the color of a dissolved dye may depend on the solvent used, whereby the ink may have a different color than the dried ink application.
  • the particles of the dye of the ink of the first identification element are z. B. in a mass fraction between 1% and 15% in the ink in question.
  • WO 2012/083469 A1 discloses a method for checking the authenticity of a security feature, in particular on a security document, wherein the security feature in the visible region, under the excitation of a flash of light, is a
  • Security feature is recorded with a mobile phone, wherein the mobile phone has a camera with built-in flash function, wherein at least a second image of the stimulated using the flash function security feature is recorded with the same mobile phone, the order of the two
  • aforementioned recordings can also be performed vice versa.
  • the mobile phone is then from the at least two images with the aid of a suitable
  • Data processing program on the mobile phone performed an authentication test and output the result of this test via a display or an acoustic interface on the mobile phone.
  • An electronic flash device is a z. B. in a data collection device or in a
  • Image recording device z. B. in a camera or in a mobile phone, z. B. in a smartphone built-in flash unit with a on a gas discharge tube based flash lamp works.
  • Electronic flash devices usually work with
  • xenon-filled flash tubes When the flash unit is triggered, a capacitor previously charged to a few 100 volts, e.g. B. discharged a cylindrical electrolytic capacitor or a plate-shaped flat-building polymer capacitor, whereby in the interior of the flash tube, a very short, light gas discharge is generated.
  • a typical lighting duration of this flash is between about 1/300 and 1 / 40,000 seconds depending on the power and control.
  • the emitted spectral range of a xenon-filled flash tube extends continuously from the ultraviolet range to the visible range through to the
  • Radiation intensity in the wavelength range z. B between 300 nm and 500 nm or between 880 nm and 1000 nm.
  • LEDs are used in mobile phones or smart phones, preferably power LEDs as a flash unit, z.
  • These flashlight LEDs have i. d. R. two spectral maxima, namely at about 440 nm (blue) and at about 570 nm (yellow), resulting in at least approximately white light for a viewer in the additive color mixture.
  • WO 2013/054290 A1 discloses a security element or security document having a support and at least one first feature attached to the support having a dynamic effect, wherein the dynamic effect occurs due to excitation by illumination with a selected wavelength or a wavelength band, and a produces an optical spectral response, wherein the optical spectral response dynamically changes during illumination excitation over an observable time period between a plurality of color phenomena, the first dynamic effect feature being located in a region of the carrier close to one on the carrier attached adjacent feature is arranged, wherein the adjacent feature has a color impression, which is selected such that this color impression enhances and / or supplemented at least one color impression of the first feature with the dynamic effect.
  • This dynamic effect is preferably caused by a pigment, as z. B. in the
  • WO 2007/005354 A2 describes which pigment has more than one color impression under a uniform prolonged irradiation with electromagnetic radiation.
  • a pigment comprises a core with a carrier substance and either a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material, wherein the core has a substantially spherical shape, wherein a shell surrounding the core is provided, wherein the shell is photochromic material which has a first optical property in the radiation of a first light source and in which radiation of a second light source has a second optical property, wherein the second light source contains a set of wavelengths that are insufficient in the first light source, the second optical Property of the fluorescent material or the
  • the first optical property is z. B. substantially transparent.
  • the second light source comprises z. B. ultraviolet wavelengths.
  • WO 2015/1 14 540 A2 discloses a method and material for the passive thwarting of scanner-based reproduction methods.
  • EP 2 637 145 A1 proposes a method for the authentication and / or identification of a document or an article in which circularly polarizing liquid crystals in a printing ink in a stochastic distribution, i. H.
  • Random distribution are included, wherein by means of a liquid crystal caused by the circular polarization of incident light, the authenticity of this document or article is checked.
  • Such liquid crystals have a cholesteric phase with a nematic order with continuously rotating preferential orientation. from that This results in a helical superstructure with a periodicity of typically several 100 nm.
  • the thus continuously twisted optical medium acts as a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a photonic band gap for circularly polarized light with the same handedness as the helical order.
  • Cholesteric liquid crystal films therefore exhibit selective reflection of circularly polarized light. Unlike reflection on metallic or dielectric mirrors, cholesteric remains
  • Liquid crystal films receive the handedness of the circular polarization.
  • the security identifier contains a random pattern.
  • the security identifier is z. B. formed by the reflective surface of each object to be marked.
  • the safety mark of particles e.g. As colored particles, pigments,
  • the particular machine-readable random pattern is applied to a product or a label. From a read random pattern, a fingerprint is extracted in the form of a data set containing the individual features of the pattern. This fingerprint is saved individually for each security code. During authentication, the fingerprint is extracted again and the match with the stored fingerprint is verified.
  • Suitable particles in safety characteristics are, for example, organic and inorganic, especially inorganic, fluorescent particles, as described, for example, by the company Leuchtstoffwerk Breitmaschine GmbH (98597 Breitache,
  • crystals for. B. platelet-shaped crystals, liquid crystals, reflective pigments of at least two layers with different refractive index, effect pigments (interference pigments, Pearlescent and metallic luster pigments). Effect pigments are offered, for example, on the one hand under the trade names lriodin® / Afflair® and Colourstream® by Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, and on the other hand under the trade name Helicone® by Wacker Chemie, Burghausen.
  • a particular advantage of reflective particles is the fact that a) they are subject to almost no wear by light in contrast to fluorescent particles and b) depending on the viewing and
  • Lighting angle different random patterns arise. Such changes arise z.
  • each individual pigment acts as a microscopic mirror for light of a particular wavelength, which reflects that light in its random spatial orientation, creating three-dimensional random patterns.
  • the particles used have, for example, one
  • the particles are preferably introduced into a matrix (carrier).
  • a matrix carrier
  • the resulting mixture is used to coat objects.
  • Suitable as matrix are paints and varnishes, preferably water, solvent, powder, UV varnishes, epoxy resins, plastics (eg polyethylene), ethyl acetate and comparable materials, paraffins, waxes and wax-like coatings (eg Flexane ).
  • the particles can also be incorporated in printing inks.
  • Concentration in percent by weight of the particles in the matrix is between 0.01% and 30%, preferably between 0.01% and 1%, between 1% and 10%, and between 10% and 30%, particularly preferably between 0.01% and 1% and between 10% and 15%.
  • a stochastic distribution ie a random distribution of optically active particles in a layer with readable information for the authentication and / or identification of a Security feature is z.
  • said particles have a longitudinal extent preferably in the range between 10 nm and 500 ⁇ .
  • US 2001/0010333 A1 describes random patterns with optically detectable colored fibers or filaments in order to make an object unique and thus, after illumination with a light source, by the detection of the optical pattern of the object z. B. by means of a photo sensor to make this object identifiable.
  • WO 2007/131043 A2 also discloses an object to be authenticated having a substrate and a marking on the substrate, wherein the marking is a
  • the marker has particles with the
  • these particles are distributed in the random pattern.
  • the particles have a size in the nanometer range.
  • WO 2013/144645 A1 also relates to a method for producing a marking in order to distinguish between genuine and counterfeit goods, wherein at least one coding is applied to a surface, wherein the coding after the
  • the coding has a unique pattern when subjected to a certain type of stimulus. It can also be applied to a variety of codes.
  • the unique pattern arises z. B. from the fact that the position of elements of the coding is visible only under UV radiation, that the visible color of the elements of the coding is visible only under UV radiation, or that the position of the elements of the coding and the visible color of the elements Coding under IR radiation are visible.
  • WO 2010/023243 A1 discloses an identification feature for Identification of an object which comprises at least two identification elements, wherein at least a first of the identification elements is given by at least one defined limited surface with a defined diffractive surface structure, which is visible by light irradiation in the visual area, and wherein at least a second of the identification elements within an optical
  • Detection field which detects the defined limited surface of the first identification element at least partially, wherein the first and the second identification element are each an integral part of the object.
  • this is at least one second identification element by a
  • the random structure of the second identification element z. B. is integrated in the defined diffractive surface structure of the first identification element.
  • the at least one second identification element is z. B. not visible.
  • To identify the object the position at which the at least one second identification element is arranged relative to the at least one first identification element is stored. Further, identification information unique to the at least one second identification element is stored.
  • Random distribution of the features that are in line with the track is modulated.
  • the features are z. B. absorbing and / or scattering structures in one or more levels of the stamp, the structures z. B. inclusions in the layers of Wertsch are.
  • the line has z. B. in random distribution fluorescent particles that vary in size and in their mutual distance from each other.
  • Security element at least two viewing angles one each
  • the visual appearance of the medium is at least in a sub-area provided with at least one authenticity feature, and wherein the security element at least partially overlaps this background layer, wherein the background layer is arranged so that they are not completely from at least in one direction covered by the security element.
  • the background layer contains z. B. at least one authenticity feature from the group of luminescent, metallic, magnetic electrically conductive substances or optically variable pigments. In the background layer are z. B. visually and / or machine readable information.
  • WO 2013/034471 A1 discloses a device for recognizing a document, the document having a security feature with wavelength conversion properties, having: a) a light-generating device which is designed to illuminate the security feature for emitting light with excitation light; b) an image pickup device configured to receive a light emitted by the security feature in response to the excitation light to obtain an emission pickup, the image pickup device further configured to receive light emitted by the security feature in response to a reference light to obtain a reference pickup ; and c) a processor configured to recognize the document based on the emission recording and the reference recording.
  • the reference light z. B. white light, especially daylight, or the light generating device is designed such that Reference light to generate, in particular as a continuous light during reference recording, or the light generating device is designed such
  • the processor is z. B. so formed, the emission recording with the
  • the processor is adapted to a wavelength difference between the predetermined wavelength and at least one wavelength of the emission light, or a temporal
  • Wavelength profile of the emission light with respect to the predetermined wavelength in particular a time course of a wavelength amplitude or
  • the device is preferably a mobile communication device, in particular a smartphone, wherein the light generating device is an LED flash unit of the mobile communication device, and wherein the image pickup device is a digital camera of the mobile communication device.
  • the light generating device is an LED flash unit of the mobile communication device
  • the image pickup device is a digital camera of the mobile communication device.
  • a transceiver unit which is formed, the emission recording or the reference recording or a comparison result of a comparison of
  • the device comprises a control device for activating the light-generating device in order to
  • control device can be set up by programming and, for example, be designed to be
  • the security feature exhibiting wavelength conversion properties may include, for example, siliceous pigments, especially silicate phosphorous pigments, silicate, sulfide, nitride, YAG, TAG, thiogallate phosphorous pigments added to a printing ink.
  • siliceous pigments especially silicate phosphorous pigments, silicate, sulfide, nitride, YAG, TAG, thiogallate phosphorous pigments added to a printing ink.
  • Such a security feature emits in response to an excitation with blue light of the wavelength of about 400 nm, a color-shifted light spectrum, which may have, for example, light of the color green, yellow, orange and / or red.
  • an LED can be used whose light emission spectrum blue light in a
  • Wavelength range between 390 nm to 470 nm includes.
  • the document recognition can therefore be performed by means of an ordinary smartphone equipped with an LED flash unit.
  • the excitation light may therefore comprise or be blue light in a wavelength range from 390 nm to 470 nm, preferably in a wavelength range between 430 nm and 460 nm.
  • the light generating device can comprise an LED for generating continuous light or flash light or pulsed light.
  • the security feature is excited to emit light. Due to the wavelength conversion properties of the security feature, which can be realized, for example, by the use of a silicate compound, such as silicate phosphor, this emits
  • Wavelength of the excitation light is different.
  • the emission recording thus contains information about a security feature in response to the
  • Referencing Information about a reference wavelength spectrum that is emissive by the security feature in response to the reference light is emissive by the security feature in response to the reference light.
  • EP 2 698 404 A1 discloses a group of identification information for verifying authenticity and identity, wherein the information serving for the identification can be identified by an enlargement or amplification, the group comprising a first information element and a second information element not the second information element by any magnification or
  • WO 2013/060831 A2 is for purposes of information coding and as
  • a security feature comprising a method of identifying an article comprising a shape memory polymer (FGP) having a visually and / or machine readable graphical element on the surface of the article comprising the steps of:
  • shape memory polymers plastics are generally referred to which, after being transformed, can apparently "remember" their former, outer shape and thus have a shape memory.
  • the FGP must be exposed to a stimulus.
  • this stimulus may be a supply of heat by directly or indirectly heating the affected FGP.
  • Direct heating of the FGP may be from the outside by hot air, by IR radiation, for example by exposure to sunlight or the airflow of a hot-air fan or by direct contact with a heat storage medium, such as a previously heated fluid.
  • the heat can be supplied by immersion in warm water.
  • Identification feature is used with a plurality within a defined limited area on or on the object arranged identification elements, wherein in a first operating state of the identification feature by irradiation of the surface having the identification elements having a first visible light
  • Identification element is visually recognizable and a second identification element is not visually recognizable, wherein the second identification element as one of pigments or formed from at least one dye random structure is formed, wherein in a second operating state of the identification feature by irradiating the surface having the identification elements with a different electromagnetic radiation from the first operating state, the random structure of the second
  • Identification element is visually recognizable, a first image being detected by the identification feature with a first data acquisition device in a first illumination situation, wherein the acquired first image is stored in the form of digitized image data or a first information decoded from the acquired first image in each case in a first memory, wherein in a second, different from the first lighting situation of the same identification feature with a second
  • a second image is detected, wherein the detected second image in the form of digitized image data or decoded from the second image detected second information are stored in a second memory, wherein in the second lighting situation, a lighting device with at least one light source of a semiconductor material or a Lighting device is used with at least one gas discharge tube.
  • the subsequently published DE 10 2014 207 318 A1 discloses an identification feature with a plurality of identification elements arranged in a defined limited area for identifying an object, wherein in a first operating state of the identification feature, a first identification element can be visually recognized by irradiating the surface having the identification elements with visible light is and a second identification element is not visually recognizable, wherein the second identification element is formed as a random structure formed from pigments or formed from particles of at least one dye random structure, wherein in a second operating state of the identification feature by a
  • Irradiation of the identification elements having surface with a different from the first operating state electromagnetic radiation at least the
  • Random structure of the second identification element is visually recognizable, wherein the first Identification element is designed as an array of code-associated characters and / or meaning carriers, wherein each of the characters or
  • Meaning carrier of this arrangement is formed in each case as a pixel-based raster graphics, wherein the pigments or the particles of the at least one dye of the second identification element are contained in a printing ink or in an ink, wherein the pixels of the first identification element are formed from this ink or ink concerned ,
  • a) generates a machine-readable identification feature, preferably in the form of a matrix code or quick-response code,
  • c) generates a physical random feature by mixing particles capable of absorbing, emitting or reflecting electromagnetic radiation into a curable liquid which is preferably transparent and either together with the identification feature or separately but in close spatial proximity Applying proximity to the identification feature on the object to be marked, wherein the particles are randomly distributed during the application and fixed by curing in their respective random position.
  • a machine-readable identification feature preferably in the form of a
  • Matrix codes or quick-response codes which is printed on the object to be marked, preferably in ink jet printing, digital printing or thermal printing, particularly preferably in ink jet printing, as well as b) a physical random feature generated by mixing particles capable of absorbing, emitting or reflecting electromagnetic radiation into a curable liquid which is preferably transparent and either together with the identification feature a) or separately , but in
  • DE 10 2013 022 028 A1 discloses a value document, in particular a banknote, with a visually and machine-readable individualizing identifier, which is formed from alphanumeric characters, and with a machine-readable inspection element, wherein the individualizing identifier is a machine-readable identifier
  • Coding and the test element contains the type of coding for verifying the authenticity of the individualizing mark in a coded form.
  • reflection in physics refers to the rejection of waves at an interface at which the
  • Characteristic impedance or the refractive index of the propagation medium changes.
  • This QR code is z. B. used for authenticity of banknotes, (value) documents or objects.
  • the QR code can be incorporated with a microscopic message that z. B. is readable only with a microscope.
  • the QR code is generated by means of a CAD system.
  • the QR code is z. B. from a mixture of ß-NaYF 4 nanoparticles with lanthanides, z. Yb 3+ / Er 3+ and / or Yb 3+ / Tm 3+ , and green and blue fluorescent inks.
  • lanthanides refers to the chemical element lanthanum and the 14 im
  • Periodic table on the lanthanum following elements cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. All lanthanoids are silvery, relatively soft and reactive metals and are part of the group of rare earth metals.
  • An aerosol jet printer first atomises a printing ink having a viscosity between 1 cP and 1,000 cP into fine droplets having a size of from 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m, and introduces these droplets into a first gas stream, the latter being first gas stream which transports the thus aerosolized ink to a printhead.
  • a second gas stream arranged annularly around the first gas stream is provided, by means of which the first gas stream conveying the aerosolized ink is reduced to a diameter of z.
  • an inkjet printer typically uses ink with a viscosity between 8 cP and 12 cP, which is significantly higher than an aerosol jet printer
  • a code is an agreement on a set of signs or meaning carriers for the purpose of an information exchange.
  • the characters or meaning carriers of a code can be visually readable or haptically detectable or not directly usable by humans, but readable by means of a technical device, d. H. be machine-readable.
  • a code is z.
  • a visually readable or haptic detectable font since a font is a sign system for the preservation and dissemination of encoded information.
  • the characters of a font can be z.
  • B. each act on an alphanumeric character or another character. At the for a certain code
  • Barcodes used by each of which information z. B. about a product in a sequence of different characters, eg. B. different width black and white stripes ("strokes") is shown as a 2D code or 2D barcode
  • Two-dimensional codes called consisting of different widths or points and gaps in between with the highest possible contrast.
  • the one-dimensional barcodes English barcode
  • the Data is coded not only in one direction (one-dimensional), but matrix-shaped in an area over two dimensions. Examples of a 2D code are those in the
  • the two-dimensional QR code consists of a rectangular, mostly square pixel pattern, wherein the individual pixels or symbol elements consist of contrasting, preferably white and black squares and a z.
  • a QR code contains at least 21 x21 and a maximum of 177x177 symbol elements.
  • a QR code can be read by means of a smartphone with a camera, in particular with a semiconductor camera, and with a program designed as a "QR code reader", ie a so-called APP, whereby the reading is generally omnidirectional
  • QR code arranged on a support contains markings for identifying its position and orientation at defined locations, and information on the resolution and version of the pixel pattern as well as the data format of the in the data stored in the pixel pattern and theirs
  • Error correction levels selected error correction level is set during the generation of that QR code.
  • four error-correcting error correction levels L, M, Q and H were determined, according to which 7% (level L), 15%, 25% or 30% (level H) z. B. due to destruction or incorrect production unreadable data can be restored.
  • Each QR code can encode up to 7,089 numbers or 4,296 letters.
  • a raster graphics thus consists of a lattice-like arrangement of pixels, that is to say an arrangement in a plurality of respectively adjacent columns and these columns each intersecting rows.
  • Contrast refers to a difference between bright and dark areas or colors of an image. Contrast is a distinguishing feature for one
  • Contrast range or dynamics describe the intensity difference between the brightest and darkest points of an image.
  • the contrast is defined by the maximum luminance and minimum luminance present in the image or between the pixels. Different intensities of the respective luminance are perceived by the human eye according to the Weber-Fechner law not linear, but logarithmic. So that a visual or an optical system, eg. As an eye or a camera can perceive an object, this object must be sufficiently large and have a sufficiently high contrast. This is understood to mean the limit of visibility that is reached when objects that are viewed and z. B. imaged on the retina in the human eye or on an image sensor in a camera, no longer delineate the contour and contrast of the surrounding luminance. This means that the recognizability of objects depends essentially on the ability of the visual or optical system to perceive brightness differences. Thus, for the perception of an object is a certain
  • an object can only be perceived optically if the relevant object at the same time with respect to the visual or optical system which detects this object at the time of image acquisition or image acquisition has the following four Minimum requirements met:
  • the invention has for its object to provide an identification feature for the identification of an object that in a printing process in bulk and
  • the identification feature contains in a defined limited area a plurality of identification elements for the identification of an object, of which, however, an identification element in the visual area is not recognizable and thus usually remains hidden to a human observer.
  • a first identification element is preferably designed as an arrangement of characters and / or meaning carriers belonging to a code.
  • the first identification element is designed as an arrangement of characters or meaning carriers of a multi-dimensional code, for. B. in the form of a pixel pattern having QR code.
  • Such a trained first identification element is both high device complexity and both generated and machine-readable.
  • the second identification element is formed as a random structure formed of pigments or of a dye, this random structure only by a
  • Identification element an examination of the authenticity and / or identity of the relevant identification feature-bearing object z. B. is easily possible by comparison with a previously created pattern image.
  • the pigments or the at least one dye of the second identification element are contained in a printing ink or in an ink, so that z. B. from this ink or ink formed pixels of the first identification element can be arranged by means of a printing forme-bound printing process or by means of a pressure-formless printing process on the object.
  • FIG. 2 shows a representation of a random structure within the QR code
  • 3 shows a planar configuration of the random structure within the QR code.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a preferably of a printing device Printing machine trained in particular in an inkjet printing process
  • Identification 01 with several identification elements for identification and / or authentication of this identification feature 01 bearing
  • the identification feature 01 z. B. is arranged on a surface of this article.
  • the identification elements of the identification feature 01 are located within a defined limited area on or on the object. All identification elements belonging to the relevant identification feature 01 are arranged within that area which occupies the relevant identification feature 01 on the surface of the relevant object. Thus, in this same area at least a first identification element and a second
  • the first identification element is preferably designed as an arrangement of code-associated characters and / or meaning carriers, wherein each of the characters or meaning carriers of this arrangement is in each case designed as a pixel-based graphic, these pixels being applied by application of an ink or an ink are formed on the surface of the subject or are.
  • the first identification element is not considered to be an especially machine-readable one
  • the pigments or the particles of the at least one dye of the second identification element are contained in the printing ink or in the ink.
  • the second identification element comprising the pigments or the particles of the at least one dye therefore becomes, together with the first identification element formed from the printing ink or the ink, in the same or only a single one
  • the second identification element is thus at the time of the arrangement of
  • the first identification element is designed as a multi-dimensional code, for. B. as a two-dimensional code having a pixel pattern, in particular as a QR code.
  • the configuration as a pixel pattern at least two contrasting configurations of pixels 02 are present in the respective pixel pattern, ie at least two different types of pixels 02 are present, ie they form optical contrast contrasts.
  • These pixels 02 are in the relevant first identification element for the purpose of their visual perception in at least two different shades, z. B. designed in a color pairing, z. Black / White or Blue / Yellow or Red / Green.
  • z. B. designed in a color pairing, z. Black / White or Blue / Yellow or Red / Green.
  • optical perception sufficient contrast can then be considered sufficient if the different types of pixels 02 as such are different from the optical or visual system, e.g. From one
  • Data acquisition device or image recording device in particular a scanner or a (semiconductor) camera, z. B. with a CCD image sensor or with a CMOS image sensor, optically perceptible and the different configurations of the pixels 02 are clearly distinguishable from each other. This minimum contrast is dependent on the design of the optical or visual system used and also on the relevant identification feature 01 at the time of the data acquisition or
  • the pixels 02 of the pixel pattern are preferably each formed in their geometric configuration as a rectangle, in particular as a square.
  • An arrangement of the respective pixels 02 selected for the formation of the pixel pattern represents a z. B. encoded using a computing unit using mathematical algorithms, in particular
  • the first identification element is designed as a visually readable or haptic detectable font.
  • the font in particular has at least one alphanumeric character.
  • at least one meaning carrier belonging to the code in the arrangement is designed as a pictogram or as an ideogram.
  • Identification element is not visually recognizable.
  • a second operating state of the identification feature 01 is by irradiation of the identification elements having surface with a different from the first operating state
  • the random structure formed of pigments or of particles of at least one dye formed random structure of the second
  • Identification element which within the same defined limited area as the first identification element is arranged on the object, visually recognizable.
  • the random structure of the second identification element formed either from pigments or particles of the at least one dye preferably represents a second machine-readable information content. If the random structure of the second identification element formed either from pigments of a colorant or from particles of the at least one dye forms a second machine-readable information content, this becomes Information content preferably by means of a computing unit z. B. by a gray value determination or other threshold value evaluation in terms of the number and / or intensity of the pigments or particles concerned or in terms of the filled in the first identification element or
  • the respective information content of the first and / or second identification element is preferably in each case omnidirectionally readable.
  • the second identification element is designed as one
  • Pigments 03 formed or at least one dye formed random structure, wherein the formed from pigments 03 or the at least one dye
  • Random structure of the second identification element only due to a by irradiation of electromagnetic energy having a wavelength z. B. caused by the UV region optical change for a viewer in the visual field is recognizable and can be photographed.
  • this energy is of an electromagnetic nature and preferably originates from a radiation whose respective wavelength z. B. is in the UV range.
  • Identification feature 01 is irradiated in the surface having the identification elements, the wavelength of at least one absorption line of the pigments or the particles of the at least one dye of the second identification element, wherein the radiation energy absorbed by the respective pigment or the relevant particles of the dye that pigment or the relevant particles of the dye to an emission of electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of visible light causes.
  • the respective pigment or the relevant particles of the dye that pigment or the relevant particles of the dye to an emission of electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of visible light causes.
  • Identification element are preferably included in a printing-technical production of the first identification element, that is used here for printing, for example, the QR code ink or ink, wherein at least a subset of the pixels 02 of the first identification element forming pixel pattern of this ink or ink are formed.
  • the first identification element and the second identification element are each z. B. in a compression-molded Printing process, preferably in an offset printing process or in a gravure printing process or in a high-pressure process, or in a pressure-formless, ie direct printing process, for.
  • Identification 01 is formed, z. As a substrate, on soft means of a printing press several identifiers 01 in a printing process z. B. be formed in a benefit.
  • the substrate is z. B. formed as a web or as a sheet, the printing material z. B. made of paper or a plastic film or of a metal foil or of a textile.
  • the identification feature 01 is formed directly and directly on the surface of the object by means of a printing process, wherein the object z. B. as a package, in particular as a hollow body, for. B. as a (glass) bottle or as a (tin) can or as a plastic container, or as a salable product such as. B. is made of a plastic or of a ceramic or of a metal or wood.
  • several on the substrate is z. B. formed as a web or as a sheet, the printing material z. B. made of paper or a plastic film or of a metal foil or of a textile.
  • Substrate applied identification features 01 these are separated after their printing.
  • the respective, z. B. each formed as a label individual
  • Identification features 01 are then available to be applied to another object or product whose identity and / or authenticity is to be subjected to a check at a later time on the basis of the relevant identification feature.
  • the second identification element embodied as a random structure formed from pigments 03 or the at least one dye can, like the respective first identification element belonging to the same identification feature 01, be printed for the several on the printing substrate in a same production process
  • Identifiers 01 are the same or different, d. H. be individually trained.
  • the contained in the ink or ink, the In order to form the random structure, pigments 03 have a core with a carrier substance and with either a fluorescent material or with a phosphorescent material, the core preferably having a substantially spherical shape.
  • a shell surrounding the core is provided, wherein the shell contains photochromic material with which a radiation emitted by the fluorescent material or the phosphorescent material is attenuated or at least attenuatable.
  • the pigments used to form the random structure 03 then correspond to z. As the embodiment described in WO 2007/005354 A2.
  • Identification feature is used with a plurality within a defined limited area on or on the object arranged identification elements, wherein in a first operating state of the identification feature by irradiation of the surface having the identification elements having a first visible light
  • Identification element is visually recognizable and a second identification element is visually not recognizable, wherein the second identification element as an integral part of the first identification element as one of pigments or of particles
  • Identification element-forming pigments or particles of the at least one dye are excited and visually recognizable for spontaneous emission and for fluorescence or phosphorescence. It is at a first location, eg. B. at the production of the relevant identification feature with a first data acquisition device in a first lighting situation in which the random structure of the second
  • Identification element is visually recognizable, is detected by the identification feature, a single first image or a sequence of first images, wherein the each detected first image in the form of digitized image data or a first information decoded from the respective detected first image are respectively stored in a first memory, wherein at a second, different from the first location with a second data acquisition device again in a
  • Illumination situation in which the random structure of the second identification element is visually recognizable, a single second image or a sequence of second images which is preferably identical or at least comparable with respect to the illumination situations is detected, wherein the respective captured second image is in the form of digitized image data or one of the each second detected second image decoded second information are each stored in a second memory, wherein the first memory and the second memory after a second place made request for a data exchange via a
  • Data transmission the image data and / or the decoded information of the respective stored in the first memory first image of the arranged on or on the object identification feature and the image data and / or the decoded information of the respective second image of the same on or on this object arranged identification feature using a Computing unit are compared with each other, the identity and / or the authenticity of the object is examined by comparison.
  • the respective sequences exist z. B. from three or more images that are detected in particular in different lighting situations, with a first figure z. B. under normal daylight conditions with light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 790 nm and a second image during irradiation of the identification feature with a radiation z. B.
  • the respective sequences for the first image and for the second image preferably each have an equal number of images.
  • Data acquisition device are z. B. each a scanner or as a camera, in particular as a digital camera formed.
  • the detection of the first image and / or the detection of the second image take place for.
  • a code reader designed as an application program, e.g. B. a QR code reader or a program for automated text recognition or optical character recognition.
  • the first memory and / or the second memory are z. B. each formed as a database in which the respective image is stored digitized in each case in the form of digitized image data and / or in each case one of the detected image concerned decoded information.
  • the respective mapping and / or decoding takes place temporally before the object z. B. from a supplier, who may also be the manufacturer of the item in question, is delivered to a user, so z. B. at a time in the production of this article or in the application of the identification feature 01 on or on the object or product in question.
  • the user detects, using the irradiation of electromagnetic energy with a wavelength z. B. from the UV region in the second identification element, the respective second image of the identification feature 01, wherein the image data from the respective second image and / or its decoded information is stored at least at short notice.
  • the image data of the respective stored first image of the identification feature 01 arranged on the object and the image data of the detected respective second image of the identification feature 01 arranged in this article are then preferably shown in FIG a computing unit z. B. compared with methods of image processing or pattern recognition and checked for conformity.
  • the first decoded from the detected respective first image Information and decoded from the detected respective second image second information preferably in the arithmetic unit compared and on
  • the comparison result executes the comparison result message generated to the user and / or to the supplier or the manufacturer of this item and / or z.
  • the respective captured second image of the identification feature 01 arranged on or on the relevant object is transmitted by the second data acquisition device via a preferably wireless
  • Communication connection z. B. via the Internet or a mobile phone connection, to a z. B. from the supplier or manufacturer of the object or operated for him stationary computer, z. B. transmit a network server.
  • Identification elements each formed the same, d. H. they are all coded with the same information, whereas the respective, to a certain one
  • Identification 01 belonging second identification element is different in each case from the other belonging to this set second identification elements.
  • the relevant random structure is z. B. by a
  • Identification element are each small.
  • identification features 01 in an amount of z. B. printed in a same production process identification features 01 not only the respective second identification elements, but in addition at least a subset of the respective first
  • Identification elements each be formed individually by in the relevant Subset the respective first identification elements or all first identification elements of this set of identification features 01 each with a different from other identification features 01 this amount
  • Identification element or each of its first identification element together with its second identification element maps.
  • z. B. as a printing machine formed production machine or processing machine is a
  • Lighting device with at least one light source of a semiconductor material eg. B. a LED or laser illumination device, and / or a scanner or a semiconductor camera with a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor used.
  • a lighting device may be used with at least one gas discharge tube, for. B. with a xenon filled flash tube.
  • the production machine or processing machine can also be designed as a packaging machine or as a bottling plant or as a packaging machine.
  • the first image is preferably acquired without the use of a polarizing filter or a color filter or another accessory which manipulates the light remitting by the relevant identification feature 01.
  • an electromagnetic radiation which is at least partially absorbed by the pigments or the particles of the at least one dye of the random structure.
  • the electromagnetic radiation absorbing pigments or particles of the at least one dye of the random structure are excited by the at least partial absorption of the relevant electromagnetic radiation at least to a visually detectable luminescence, preferably also to fluorescence or phosphorescence, wherein the first image and the second image of the respective data acquisition device each during the luminescence of the pigments or the particles of the at least one
  • This printing machine preferably has at least one printing in an inkjet printing process
  • Printing device said pressure device, the relevant
  • This printing press has a control unit that controls the printing process carried out by the printing press, and preferably a plurality of drives and / or adjusting elements, wherein the drives and / or adjusting elements of the control unit z. B. depending on particular in this printing machine z. B. sensory detected or from
  • Parameters are controlled.
  • As the controlled by her drives and / or actuators are preferably in a particular digital network, eg. B. connected in a bus system at least in terms of data technology, wherein the Actuators and / or control elements of the control unit by a data communication over the network, in particular depending on in this printing machine sensory detected or controlled by program parameters are controlled. It is advantageous, even the relevant identification feature 01 training
  • Control unit controlled to communicate In the printing machine is preferably connected to the network, z. B. trained as a camera
  • At least one image is detected by the identification feature 01, wherein the at least one acquired image is stored in the form of digitized image data or an information decoded from the at least one acquired image respectively in a preferably connected to the network memory.
  • the image data stored in the memory or the decoded information stored there are preferably only communicated via the network after a request triggered outside the printing press.
  • Illuminated situations are each stored in the memory. It is particularly advantageous to capture at least three images from the respective identification feature 01, which is preferably printed in each case with the printing device in an inkjet printing process, with the data acquisition device arranged in the printing machine, wherein a first image is only applied to the z. B. as a QR code formed first identification element, because in the first
  • the second identification element having the random structure z. B. under normal daylight conditions, ie at einstrahlendem light in
  • Wavelength range between 380 nm to 790 nm in particular is not visually detectable or not recognizable.
  • a second image is acquired by the same identification feature 01 or by the same identification features 01 with the data acquisition device arranged in the printing press, wherein in each case the respective illumination situation
  • Identification features 01 are each irradiated with electromagnetic energy of a certain wavelength, so that the random structure having the second identification element is recognizable together with the first identification element in the visual field and can be detected by the data acquisition device, in particular by a camera can be imaged, the required electromagnetic energy z. B. is provided by a flash unit.
  • the irradiation of the respective identification features 01 is terminated in each case with electromagnetic energy of a specific wavelength for visualization of the second identification element having the random structure, and in each case a third image is produced by the same identification feature 01 or by the same identification features 01 with the data acquisition device arranged in the printing machine detected, wherein now the random structure having second identification element due to spontaneous emission, fluorescence or - if the process is delayed in time and / or persists much longer - of phosphorescence especially in the visual field is recognizable and can be detected by the data acquisition device.
  • This sequence of the at least three images respectively acquired by the same identification feature 01 or by the same identification features 01, in each case with the data acquisition device arranged in the printing press is, for example, B.
  • Identification features executable wherein the identification features 01 have a visually detectable under daylight conditions first identification element and under daylight conditions visually unrecognizable second identification element, wherein the second identification element only by irradiation of the
  • Identification feature 01 with electromagnetic energy of a particular
  • Wavelength is visually detectable that this radiated energy is at least partially absorbed by pigments of a colorant or particles of a dye of the second identification element and these pigments or these particles of the dye are excited to a visually detectable spontaneous emission and fluorescence or phosphorescence, wherein in Printing machine with a data acquisition device arranged in it from the printed respectively with a printing device of this printing machine identification features 01 each a sequence is detected with at least three images, wherein belonging to the respective sequence first image of the identification feature 01 only under
  • Daylight conditions visually detectable first identification element maps, wherein belonging to the respective sequence second image of the identification feature 01, the first identification element together with the under irradiation with
  • electromagnetic energy of certain wavelength spontaneously emitting second identification element maps wherein belonging to the respective sequence third image of the identification feature 01, the first identification element together with the after the irradiation with electromagnetic energy of certain wavelength fluorescent or phosphorescent second identification element maps, wherein the respective sequence belonging to at least three pictures be evaluated by a control unit to see if the relevant
  • Identification feature 01 the light which is not visually detectable under daylight conditions, emits spontaneously by irradiation with electromagnetic energy of a specific wavelength and fluoresces after completion of this irradiation or
  • the printing device of the printing press prints the respective identification features 01, the z. B. are each formed as a QR code, each in an inkjet printing process.
  • the second identification element is designed in particular as a random structure contained in the first identification element.
  • the pigments used for the second identification element of the colorant or particles of the dye are
  • the pigments used for the second identification element of the colorant or particles of the dye are generally introduced in each case in a mass fraction of less than 5%, in particular up to at most 2% in the printing ink or ink used for printing the first identification element.
  • those pigments of the colorant or those particles of the dye are used, each having a core with a fluorescent material or with a phosphorescent material and each one surrounding the core shell of a photochromic and / or a fluorescent or a phosphorescent material exhibit.
  • the pigments correspond z. As the embodiment described in WO 2007/005354 A2.
  • the shell, ie the surface of the pigments consists z. From a chitosan alginate or from a cellulose or from an ethylcellulose or from a gelatin or a gum arabic or from a melamine-aldehyde resin or from a melamine-formaldehyde resin or from a melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin or of nylon or of phenol-formaldehyde or of polyacrylonitrile or of polyamide or of a polyelectrolyte complex or of a polyethylene or of a polyethylene glycol or of a poly-L-lysine or of a polylactide or from a polylysine or from an alginate or from a polynucleotide or from a polypeptide or from a polyphosphazene or from a polypropylene or from a polysaccharide
  • Electromagnetic energy of certain wavelength is preferably from a z. B. emitted by the control unit controlled flash unit.
  • the pigments used for the second identification element of the colorant or particles of the dye preferably have a length extension in the range between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ .
  • Identification element used pigments of the colorant or particles of the
  • Dye are each dispersed in a first dispersant, d. H. the pigments of the colorant or the particles of the dye form in conjunction with the first
  • Dispersants each having a first heterogeneous composition, and the pigments used for the second identification element of the colorant or particles of the dye are each dispersed in a second dispersant to form a second heterogeneous composition, preferably the first
  • Dispersing agent and the second dispersant differ from each other, so that different dispersants are used for the first identification element and for the second identification element, wherein between these two dispersants preferably Repulsion, d. H. there is a rejection.
  • Identification elements promote coagulation of the pigments used for the second identification element of the colorant or particles of the dye, d. H. a
  • Printing device generated print image.
  • this ink or ink each at 23 ° C, a conductivity preferably in the range of 900 ⁇ / ⁇ to 2.200 ⁇ / ⁇ , in particular between 1 .000 ⁇ / ⁇ to 1,900 ⁇ 8 / ⁇ " ⁇ .
  • the conductivity of the ink used or ink is increased, for example, by a supply of additives, preferably by salts and / or polymers, for example by polymer salts
  • the additives may be in the form of, for example, a solid and / or a solution and / or a dispersion
  • the printing ink or ink contains at least one conducting salt, for example from the group of alkali metal salts or ammonium salts, the conducting salt being present, for example, as ammonium sulfate or as ammonium chloride or as ammonium bromide or as ammonium chloride
  • a density of the pigments or particles of the dye used in the printing ink or ink is in the range between 0.6 kg / m 3 and 1.3 kg / m 3 , preferably between 0.8 kg / m 3 and 1.0 kg / m 3 .
  • the upper values of said ranges are preferred.
  • Visible light identification surface having its first
  • Identification element is visually recognizable and its second identification element is visually unrecognizable, wherein the first identification element is formed from a printing ink or an ink, wherein the second identification element formed as a random pigment formed from pigments of a colorant or as a particle formed from particles of at least one dye random structure is formed, wherein the Random structure of the second identification element as an integral part of
  • Ink or the ink of the first identification element is formed.
  • Identification element is contained as an additive at least one polymer and / or as a conductive salt at least one alkali metal salt or an ammonium salt.
  • a conducting salt is a salt which, during electrolysis, undertakes a transport of electrical charges and / or reduces the ohmic resistance of the solution in a solution.
  • the random structure of the second identification element forming pigments or particles of the at least one dye have a density z. B. in the range between 0.6 kg / m 3 and 1, 3 kg / m 3 .
  • the viscosity of the ink or ink at 25 ° C is z.
  • the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye preferably have an incident light diffusely reflecting surface. The the random structure of the second
  • Identification element-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye have z. B. a length in the range between 0.5 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ on.
  • the printing ink or the ink of the first identification element is preferably applied in a layer thickness in the range of 0.3 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ on a surface of the object to be identified.
  • the pigments of the colorant or the particles of the dye each of the ink or the ink of the first identification element are made of an organic or of a
  • the pigments of the colorant or the particles of the dye in each case by the printing ink or the ink of the first identification element are in a mass fraction z. B. between 12% and 18% in the relevant of the ink or ink and / or each containing the random structure of the second
  • Identification element-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the dye are each in a mass fraction, in particular of less than 5%, preferably less than 2% in the relevant printing ink or ink of the first
  • An identification feature also results with at least two identification elements arranged in a defined limited area for identifying an object, whereby the first identification element is visually recognizable by irradiation of the surface having the identification elements of the identification feature with visible light and its second identification element is not visually recognizable, wherein the first identification element is formed from a printing ink or from an ink, wherein the second identification element is formed as a random structure formed from pigments of a colorant or as a random structure formed from particles of at least one dye
  • Random structure of the second identification element is formed as an integral part of the ink or the ink of the first identification element, wherein the ink applied to a surface of the object to be identified in a lattice-shaped arrangement of pixels or ink of the first
  • Identification element has a layer thickness in the range of 0.3 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , wherein the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye form by coagulation, ie by a concentration, a planar structure comprising several adjacent pixels of the graphic, in particular raster graphics (FIG. 3).
  • the raster graphics consists of a grid-like arrangement of the pixels, this arrangement forming an image in the form of computer-readable data. This arrangement has at least two groups of pixels between which there is a visually perceivable contrast.
  • Random structure of the second identification element-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye which form by coagulation a plurality of adjacent pixels of the raster graphics comprising planar structure ( Figure 3) are each formed in pixels of equal brightness, z. In each case in the pixels formed with a dark ink or ink compared to other pixels of the same raster graphics.
  • the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye have a length extension in the range between 0.5 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
  • the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye exhibit spontaneous emission of visually detectable light and / or fluorescence and / or phosphorescence by an incident electromagnetic radiation of the type described above.
  • the identification feature may be formed with any of the physical and / or material features described above.
  • an article with an identification feature arranged for its identification can be formed, wherein the identification feature has at least two identification elements in a defined limited area, wherein the first identification element is formed from a printing ink or an ink, wherein the second identification element is one of pigments a random structure formed of a colorant or is formed as a random structure formed of particles of at least one dye, wherein the random structure of the second Identification element is formed as an integral part of the ink or the ink of the first identification element, wherein the ink or the ink of the first identification element in a layer thickness in the range of 0.3 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ is applied to a surface of the object to be identified, wherein the Random structure of the second identification element-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye have an incident electromagnetic radiation diffusely reflecting surface.
  • This item is z. B. as a substrate made of paper or a plastic film or of a metal foil or of a textile or as a hollow body or as a bottle or as a can or as a product made of a plastic or of a ceramic or of a metal or wood ,
  • the pigments of the colorant or the particles of the dye each of the printing ink or the ink of the first identification element are made of an organic or of an inorganic or of a synthetic crystalline powder or of carbon black or of titanium (IV) oxide or of an aluminum bronze or formed from a brass bronze and / or the random structure of the second
  • Identification element-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye have a surface of a chitosan alginate or of a cellulose or of an ethylcellulose or of a gelatin or of a gum arabic or of a melamine-aldehyde resin or of a melamine-formaldehyde Resin or from a melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin or from nylon or from phenol-formaldehyde or from polyacrylonitrile or from polyamide or from a polyelectrolyte complex or from a polyethylene or from a polyethylene glycol or from a poly-L-lysine or from a polylactide or from a polylysine or from an alginate or from a polynucleotide or from a polypeptide or from a polyphosphazene or from a polypropylene or from a polysaccharide or from polystyrene or from a urea
  • the identification feature in a defined limited area comprises at least two identification elements, wherein the first identification element is formed from a printing ink or an ink, wherein the second identification element as a formed from pigments of a colorant random structure or as one of particles of at least one Dye formed random structure, wherein the random structure of the second
  • Identification element is formed as an integral part of the ink or the ink of the first identification element, wherein the ink applied to a surface of the object to be identified or ink of the first
  • Identification element is preferably applied in a grid pattern consisting of a lattice-like arrangement of pixels, the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye coagulating to form a planar structure comprising several adjacent pixels of the raster graphics (FIG. 3).
  • the pigments of the colorant forming the random structure of the second identification element or the particles of the at least one dye have an incidental one
  • Colorant or the particles of the at least one dye have their spontaneous emission of visually detectable light and / or fluorescence and / or phosphorescence by an incident electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in particular from the IR range or from the UV range.
  • Identification feature of the article with one or more of the previously described physical and / or physical characteristics to be formed.
  • a method for testing the identity and / or authenticity of an article wherein an identification feature is formed with one of pigments of a colorant or particles of at least one dye
  • Random structure is used, wherein the random structure is formed as an integral part of an applied on a surface of the article ink or ink, wherein the random structure forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye by irradiation of the identification feature with an electromagnetic radiation z.
  • B. from the IR range or the UV range a single first image or a sequence of first images is detected and with the same data acquisition device of the relevant identification feature after completion of the irradiation of the
  • Mapping is detected, which is checked by a running with the aid of a computing unit comparison of the respective first and second figures, whether the
  • Random structure-forming pigments of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye fluoresce or phosphorize, wherein one of the
  • Calculated unit detected fluorescence or phosphorescence of the random structure forming pigments of the colorant or particles of at least one dye, the identity and / or authenticity of the article is considered confirmed.
  • the random structure is z. B. by irradiation of the identification feature with light in one
  • Identification feature is placed on or on the article in a pressure-formed printing process or in a pressure-free printing process.
  • the subject is z. B. a trained as a web or as a sheet Printing material or a packaging or a hollow body or a bottle or a can or a plastic container used.
  • the identification feature is preferably arranged on or on the object in a printing machine or in a packaging machine or in a filling installation or in a finishing machine.
  • the respective images of the identification feature are each provided with a data acquisition device of a mobile
  • Detected communication device wherein preferably a camera of a mobile phone or a smartphone is used as the data acquisition device.
  • the pigments forming the random structure of the colorant or the particles of the at least one dye form a planar structure by coagulation, wherein the planar structure is greater than an optical resolution of the data acquisition device used for the images.
  • An information content of the random structure is determined in particular by means of an arithmetic unit by a gray value determination or a
  • Threshold evaluation in each case with regard to the number and / or intensity of the pigments or particles concerned or in terms of the area claimed by them.
  • the identification feature of the article may in turn be formed with one or more of the physical and / or material features described above.

Landscapes

  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)

Abstract

Caractéristique d'identification servant à identifier un objet, présentant une structure aléatoire formée de pigments d'une matière colorante ou de particules d'au moins un colorant, au moins deux éléments d'identification étant disposés dans une surface limitée définie de la caractéristique d'identification, un premier élément d'identification étant formé par l'intermédiaire d'une encre d'impression ou d'une autre encre, un second élément d'identification étant formé par la structure aléatoire formée de pigments d'une matière colorante ou de particules d'au moins un colorant, les pigments de la matière colorante ou les particules de l'au moins un colorant de l'encre d'impression ou de l'autre encre du premier élément d'identification étant respectivement dispersés dans un premier dispersant, et les pigments de la matière colorante ou les particules de l'au moins un colorant du second élément d'identification étant respectivement dispersés dans un second dispersant, le premier dispersant et le second dispersant étant différents l'un de l'autre du point de vue de leurs substances constitutives.
EP16779022.9A 2015-10-07 2016-09-27 Caractéristique d'identification servant à identifier un objet Active EP3201006B1 (fr)

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DE102015219394.2A DE102015219394B4 (de) 2015-10-07 2015-10-07 Identifikationsmerkmal zur Identifikation eines Gegenstandes
PCT/EP2016/072940 WO2017060124A1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2016-09-27 Caractéristique d'identification servant à identifier un objet

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DE102015219394B4 (de) 2019-01-17
DE102015219394A1 (de) 2017-04-13
EP3201006B1 (fr) 2018-06-27

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