EP3281263B1 - Bougie d'allumage - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3281263B1
EP3281263B1 EP17713153.9A EP17713153A EP3281263B1 EP 3281263 B1 EP3281263 B1 EP 3281263B1 EP 17713153 A EP17713153 A EP 17713153A EP 3281263 B1 EP3281263 B1 EP 3281263B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
housing portion
insulator
rear housing
housing part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17713153.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3281263A1 (fr
EP3281263B8 (fr
Inventor
Georg Maul
Steffen Kuhnert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DKT Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
DKT Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DKT Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical DKT Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP3281263A1 publication Critical patent/EP3281263A1/fr
Publication of EP3281263B1 publication Critical patent/EP3281263B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3281263B8 publication Critical patent/EP3281263B8/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug, in particular a prechamber spark plug, with a housing, an ignition electrode and a ground electrode, wherein the ignition electrode can be subjected to an electrical voltage via a supply line and wherein the supply line runs at least partially within an insulator.
  • Spark plugs of the type in question have been known from practice for years. In an internal combustion engine, these serve to ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the cylinder. A high-voltage spark ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture on the spark plug.
  • a spark plug comprising an ignition electrode and a ground electrode.
  • the spark plug has a housing which is formed from a housing head and a holder and which accommodates part of an insulator.
  • the insulator encloses a supply line which is used to apply electrical voltage to the ignition electrode.
  • the housing head is made of steel and connected to the holder made of a nickel-iron alloy via a welded seam.
  • the nickel-iron alloy has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is lower than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulator, so that the preload with which the insulator is arranged in the housing also increases with increasing temperature.
  • the problem with the known spark plug is that it heats up too much during operation, which has a negative effect on the areas relevant to the service life of the spark plug, such as the electrodes and any interference suppression resistor that may be present. In extreme cases, glow ignitions or knocking burns can occur in the area of the spark plug so that the function of the engine is severely impaired.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that overheating of the spark plug is avoided with structurally simple means.
  • the above object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
  • the spark plug in question is characterized in that at least one discharge area of the housing is made from a material with a thermal conductivity of over 150 W / mK.
  • the underlying object can be achieved in an incredibly simple manner by arranging a discharge area on the housing.
  • the dissipation area serves to dissipate the heat of combustion entered into the spark plug to the environment.
  • the dissipation area is made of a material with a thermal conductivity of over 150 W / mK, so that a sufficiently high dissipation of heat is ensured and can advantageously connect directly to the ground electrode.
  • This simple design measure reliably prevents overheating of the spark plug, in particular of the areas relevant to the service life of the spark plug. This can significantly reduce the occurrence of glow ignitions or knocking burns in the area of the spark plug.
  • the discharge area has a thermal conductivity that is higher than the thermal conductivity of steel, which is the material known from the prior art for manufacturing the housing. Contrary to a prejudice of experts, it has been shown that materials with a higher thermal conductivity are suitable for the production of at least one area of the housing of a spark plug despite the higher coefficient of thermal expansion usually associated therewith.
  • the specified thermal conductivity relates in particular to the temperature range relevant for a spark plug.
  • the thermal conductivity is specified in the units of watts per meter and Kelvin.
  • the discharge area can advantageously have a thermal conductivity of over 200 W / mK. With such a high thermal conductivity, overheating of the spark plug is almost impossible, so that the problems caused by overheating are effectively avoided.
  • the discharge area can be made of copper, a copper alloy or a copper-based alloy comprising proportions of nickel and / or beryllium.
  • the housing can advantageously be designed in one piece. As a result, a particularly simple construction of the spark plug is realized, so that it is inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the entire housing can be designed as a discharge area.
  • the housing has a front housing part and a rear housing part, and is thus constructed in two parts.
  • the front housing part can advantageously be connected to the rear housing part via a weld seam.
  • the weld seam can be produced, for example, via tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), plasma welding, electron welding or laser welding.
  • the dissipation area can be implemented by the front housing part, which is thus made entirely of a material with a thermal conductivity of over 150 W / mK. This further improves the dissipation of process heat and simplifies the design of the spark plug.
  • the front housing part is particularly suitable for one of the above welding processes due to its high thermal conductivity.
  • the discharge area can be formed by the rear housing part.
  • the rear housing part can have a coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than or equal to is equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulator.
  • the rear housing part can consist of a nickel-iron alloy, for example Ni Co 29/18 with a coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ of 5 • 10 -6 1 / K to 8 • 10 -6 1 / K), the insulator from a Ceramic, in particular aluminum oxide (coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ of approx. 8.5 • 10 -6 1 / K) or aluminum nitride can be produced.
  • the outside of the housing can advantageously be conical at least in some areas and / or have a thread. In a particularly advantageous manner, this can be a correspondingly designed front housing part. This ensures a secure connection and seal between the spark plug and cylinder.
  • a particularly secure connection between the housing and the insulator can be implemented in that the housing engages behind the insulator and holds it in the housing under prestress, preferably pressing it against a sealing ring, in particular made of copper.
  • the rear housing part can engage behind the insulator and hold it in the housing under prestress.
  • a special combinatorial effect can be achieved in that the front housing part is designed as a discharge area and is connected to the rear housing part via a weld, the rear housing part having a coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than or equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulation body.
  • the heat from the spark plug can be dissipated through the front housing part, the rear housing part, due to its low coefficient of thermal expansion, holding the insulator in the housing with a higher preload the higher the temperature rises. This compensates for a higher coefficient of thermal expansion of the front housing part, which has a high thermal conductivity, and the cylinder is reliably closed by the spark plug.
  • the single figure shows an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention. This is a prechamber spark plug, it being expressly pointed out that the device according to the invention can be designed as any type of spark plug.
  • the spark plug comprises a cap 2 which serves as a ground electrode 1 and which is made of nickel or a nickel alloy, for example.
  • An ignition electrode 4 is arranged within the antechamber 3 formed by the cap 2.
  • the cap 2 is connected to the housing 6 via a weld 5.
  • the housing 6 is formed by a front housing part 7 and a rear housing part 8.
  • the front housing part 7 directly adjoins the ground electrode 1 and serves as a dissipation area 9, namely to dissipate the combustion heat introduced into the spark plug.
  • the discharge area 9, i.e. the front housing part 7, is made of a material with a high thermal conductivity of more than 150 W / mK or more than 200 W / mK.
  • the discharge area can be made of copper or a copper-based alloy with small proportions of nickel and / or beryllium.
  • a thread 10 is formed on the front housing part 7, by means of which the spark plug can be screwed into the cylinder.
  • the front housing part 7 are at least partially conical in order to achieve a clamping with the cylinder.
  • the ignition electrode 4 is implemented in the form of two strips, each with ends curved in an arc.
  • the strips each have two ends that act as ignition surfaces. It is conceivable that the strips consist of an iridium alloy or a platinum alloy.
  • a supply line (not shown) which runs within the insulator 11.
  • the insulator 11 consists for example of a ceramic, in particular aluminum oxide (coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ of approx. 8.5 ⁇ 10 -6 1 / K) or aluminum nitride.
  • the single figure also shows that the front housing part 7 is connected to the rear housing part 8 via a weld 12.
  • the rear housing part 8 engages behind a projection 13 of the insulator 11, so that the insulator 11 is held within the housing 6 with prestress.
  • the rear housing part 8 is made of a material which - at least in the temperature range relevant for a spark plug - has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the insulator 11.
  • a nickel-iron alloy Ni Co 29/18 with a coefficient of thermal expansion ⁇ of 5 • 10 -6 1 / K to 8 • 10 -6 1 / K).
  • a sealing ring 14 is arranged, which is made of copper, for example.
  • the rear housing part 8 has an engagement point 15, for example a hexagon, for a handling means, so that the spark plug can be screwed into the ignition chamber with a corresponding tool.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Bougie d'allumage, en particulier bougie d'allumage en préchambre, avec un culot (6), une électrode d'allumage (4) et une électrode de masse (1), l'électrode d'allumage (4) étant exposée à une tension électrique par le biais d'une ligne d'alimentation, la ligne d'alimentation étant située au moins partiellement à l'intérieur d'un isolateur (11), le culot (6) comportant une partie de culot (7) avant et une partie de culot (8) arrière, et la partie de culot (8) arrière agrippant par l'arrière l'isolateur (11) de sorte que l'isolateur (11) est disposé, sous précontrainte, entre la partie de culot (7) avant et la partie de culot (8) arrière,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie de culot (7) avant est au total réalisée dans un matériau ayant une conductivité thermique supérieure à 150 W/mK et sert donc de zone de dérivation (9).
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la zone de dérivation (9) se connecte directement à l'électrode de masse (1) et/ou en ce que la zone de dérivation (9) présente une conductivité thermique supérieure à 200 W/mK.
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la zone de dérivation (9) est réalisée en cuivre ou en alliage de cuivre ou en alliage à base de cuivre comprenant des quantités de nickel et/ou de béryllium.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie de culot (7) avant est raccordée à la partie de culot (8) arrière par le biais d'un cordon de soudure (12).
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la partie de culot (8) arrière présente un coefficient de dilatation thermique qui est inférieur ou égal au coefficient de dilatation thermique de l'isolateur (11).
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la partie de culot (8) arrière est composée d'un alliage nickel-fer.
  7. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que, sur son côté extérieur, le culot (6), en particulier la partie de culot (7) avant, est constitué de façon conique au moins par tronçons et/ou comporte un filetage (10).
EP17713153.9A 2016-04-25 2017-01-23 Bougie d'allumage Active EP3281263B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016206992.6A DE102016206992A1 (de) 2016-04-25 2016-04-25 Zündkerze
PCT/DE2017/200004 WO2017186238A1 (fr) 2016-04-25 2017-01-23 Bougie d'allumage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3281263A1 EP3281263A1 (fr) 2018-02-14
EP3281263B1 true EP3281263B1 (fr) 2021-03-24
EP3281263B8 EP3281263B8 (fr) 2021-04-28

Family

ID=58410060

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17713153.9A Active EP3281263B8 (fr) 2016-04-25 2017-01-23 Bougie d'allumage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3281263B8 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016206992A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017186238A1 (fr)

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DE102018206784A1 (de) * 2018-05-03 2019-11-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorkammer-Zündkerze
JP7159810B2 (ja) * 2018-11-22 2022-10-25 トヨタ自動車株式会社 副室付内燃機関
JP7227842B2 (ja) * 2019-05-07 2023-02-22 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
DE102019116191A1 (de) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122526A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122527A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122530A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122532A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122531A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Vorkammerzündsystem
DE102019122529A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019122559A1 (de) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Vorkammerzündsystem
DE102019126963A1 (de) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündsystem für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019126964A1 (de) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremd gezündeten Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Vorkammerzündsystem
DE102019131360B4 (de) * 2019-11-20 2024-05-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Zylinderkopf für eine fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE102020101552A1 (de) 2020-01-23 2021-07-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremd gezündeten Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
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DE102020105921A1 (de) 2020-03-05 2021-09-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Vorkammerzündsystem
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DE102020110395A1 (de) 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fremd gezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Vorkammerzündsystem
DE102020215946A1 (de) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmeoptimierte Vorkammerzündkerze
DE102023105825B3 (de) 2023-03-09 2024-08-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vorkammerzündeinrichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, sowie Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102023004632A1 (de) * 2023-11-15 2025-05-15 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Vorkammerzündeinrichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102023004631B4 (de) * 2023-11-15 2026-03-05 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Vorkammerzündeinrichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Verbrennungskraftmaschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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FR2846042B1 (fr) * 2002-10-18 2005-02-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif d'allumage a prechambre realisee dans un materiau a conductivite thermique elevee, pour un moteur a combustion interne, et allumeur a prechambre
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JP2014007071A (ja) * 2012-06-25 2014-01-16 Nippon Soken Inc 点火プラグ

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3281263A1 (fr) 2018-02-14
WO2017186238A1 (fr) 2017-11-02
DE102016206992A1 (de) 2017-10-26
EP3281263B8 (fr) 2021-04-28

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