EP3359308B1 - Sendeempfängervorrichtung für breitbandige unterwasserakustik - Google Patents

Sendeempfängervorrichtung für breitbandige unterwasserakustik Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3359308B1
EP3359308B1 EP16790667.6A EP16790667A EP3359308B1 EP 3359308 B1 EP3359308 B1 EP 3359308B1 EP 16790667 A EP16790667 A EP 16790667A EP 3359308 B1 EP3359308 B1 EP 3359308B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
ffr
tonpilz
electroactive
ring
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Application number
EP16790667.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3359308A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric MOSCA
Raphaël EYMARD
Guillaume Matte
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iXBlue SAS
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iXBlue SAS
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
    • B06B1/0618—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile of piezo- and non-piezoelectric elements, e.g. 'Tonpilz'
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0633—Cylindrical array
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04—Sound-producing devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a broadband underwater acoustic emission / reception device.
  • This device has applications in particular for positioning, detection, telemetry or underwater acoustic communication.
  • Tonpilz is a stack composed of a rear counterweight, electroactive elements, typically piezoelectric, and a front flag.
  • the electroactive elements are sandwiched between the rear counterweight and the front horn and this assembly is generally held by a central preload rod extended between the rear counterweight and the roof.
  • Tonpilz can be either resinated or, more generally, inserted in a housing filled with a fluid whose acoustic properties are adapted to the desired operating mode: for example, castor oil for acoustic transparency or air for bafflage.
  • the FFR Free Flooded Ring
  • a fluid which can be either seawater if the ring is previously resinated, or castor oil, for example, if the ring is inserted into a waterproof hood.
  • a "tape" usually a metal disk, is installed at the rear of the ring, acting as an acoustic reflector.
  • the width of the frequency band that can be used by an underwater acoustic transducer is generally proportional to the center frequency of this band.
  • the transducers constituting the state of the art implemented for the targeted applications generally cover an octave, ie 2/3 of the central frequency.
  • the frequency bands exploited differ. Indeed, for an identical propagation distance, the high frequencies Acoustics are more absorbed by the environment, the ocean in this case, than the lower frequencies.
  • a transmitting / receiving device capable of operating at least two distinct bands, of an octave each, for example.
  • acoustic emitter / receiver devices consisting of electroactive elements, generally require for their application an angular aperture which is at least hemispherical.
  • the present invention proposes a combination of transducers of different types, at least one element of the device being common to the operation of the combined transducers.
  • the solution proposed by the present invention is to overcome the effects of masking by using a functional part common to two transducers of different type and each emitting in a desired band.
  • the invention considered here consists of the functional combination of two transducers of different types: Tonpilz and FFR ("Free Flooded Ring").
  • the present invention therefore proposes to combine a Tonpilz transducer and a FFR transducer to cover a band of two octaves, the Tonpilz covering the low frequency octave (BF) and the FFR, the high frequency octave (HF), the latter being arranged forward in the direction of emissions.
  • Tonpilz covering the low frequency octave (BF) and the FFR
  • HF high frequency octave
  • one element of each transducer is made functionally common and it is the reflective "tape" of the FFR transducer which is also the flag of Tonpilz (and vice versa), in order to avoid two problems resulting from a simple association transducers.
  • the transducer placed forward on the axis of emission masks the transducer placed rearwardly and, on the other hand, the emission towards the rear of the transducer placed towards the before it is reflected on the emitting surface of the transducer placed to the back (tape for the FFR, pavilion for the Tonpilz), this reflection can interfere destructively with the direct / forward wave emitted by the transducer placed to the front .
  • the Tonpilz no longer has a piece masking its radiation in the axis and the wave emitted backwards by the FFR is baffled by the stack of Tonpilz and can not be reflected.
  • Such a configuration has another advantage in the case where the two frequency subbands are adjacent and Tonpilz covers the low band. Indeed, the cavity resonance of the FFR can be excited by the emission of Tonpilz and thus increase the sensitivity to the emission of Tonpilz at the top of its band.
  • a FFR naturally covers an octave band, by coupling between the cavity resonances and the radial mode of the ceramic.
  • a Tonpilz naturally covers, in the best case, a half-octave. It is therefore useful to expand the Tonpilz band by coupling Tonpilz's spring-mass mode with other modes.
  • the cavity mode of the FFR combined with it can be used.
  • the proposed solution consists in integrating a cylindrical acoustic baffle around the Tonpilz transducer and especially around its stack of rings and / or the pooled element, that is to say the flag serving as "tape". And thus to generate a radial cavity mode in a manner similar to that obtained in a Janus-Helmholtz type structure (cf. US5579287 ) and whose frequency is adjusted to the bottom of the low frequency band. It is thus possible to cover an octave with such a baffled Tonpilz solution combined with a FFR.
  • this cabinet must be massive and be the least elastic possible, can perform other functions, such as serve as protection or support for a protective cage for the complete transducer.
  • the broadband underwater acoustic emission / reception system of the invention has a hemispherical directivity.
  • the present invention relates to a broadband underwater acoustic emission / reception device comprising at least one Tonpilz transducer and a FFR "Free Flooded Ring" type transducer, the Tonpilz transducer, cylindrical in shape, being symmetrical about an anteroposterior axis, said Tonpilz transducer having elements arranged rearwardly along its anteroposterior axis of revolution, said elements being less: a reverse counterweight, electroactive elements and a front horn, the FFR-type transducer being symmetrical in revolution about an anteroposterior axis, said FFR-type transducer comprising elements arranged from rear to front along its anteroposterior axis of revolution, said elements being at least: And an electroactive ring.
  • the Tonpilz and FFR-type transducers are aligned, their anteroposterior axes of revolution superimposed, the Tonpilz-type transducer being arranged towards the rear and the FFR-type transducer being arranged forward and having their respective forward directional directions facing forward, and the transducers are combined within the device by pooling one of their elements, said common element, said tape-flag element, being the "tape" of the FFR and the Tonpilz Pavilion.
  • the cup of the Figure 1 passes through the symmetry revolution axis of the underwater acoustic transmission / reception device 1, which axis corresponds to the front axes front emission of each of the two transducers Tonpilz and FFR or, in other words, who carries these axes.
  • the Tonpilz transducer 2, 3, 4, 5 is to the left of the Figure 1 and, also, the rear of the device by considering the frontal transmission direction 13 of the device which is oriented towards the right of the device.
  • Figure 1 The FFR transducer 4, 6 is to the right of the Figure 1 and, also, the front of the device.
  • the Tonpilz-type transducer comprises from the rear towards the front of the device, a rear counterweight 2, a stack of piezoelectric disks and more specifically here piezoelectric rings 3 so that a prestressing rod 5 can pass through the center of the device. stack, and a flag that is the common tape-flag element 4.
  • the prestressing rod 5 is stretched between the rear counterweight 2 and the common tape-flag element 4 in order to apply a constraint to the stacking of the rings 3 .
  • the FFR type transducer comprises from the rear towards the front of the device, the common tape-horn element 4 and a piezoelectric ring 6.
  • the central part of the piezoelectric ring 6 is closed at the front by a front wall 8 and at the rear by the common tape-flag element 4 and forms a closed central cavity.
  • a fluid 7, for example a liquid which is castor oil, is disposed in this portion / central cavity of the piezoelectric ring 6. The fluid therefore comes into contact with the common tape-horn element 4.
  • the piezoelectric ring 6 does not apply directly to the common tape-flag element 4 and a layer of a material is interposed between the two.
  • the flag-tape serves as support for the electroactive ring of the FFR transducer via elastomeric suspensions.
  • the sealing membrane 11 which also serves as a suspension between the two 4, 6.
  • Tonpilz and FFR transducers has another advantage in the case where the two frequency subbands of each transducer are adjacent and Tonpilz covers the low band. Indeed, the cavity resonance of the FFR can be excited by the emission of Tonpilz and thus increase the sensitivity to the emission of Tonpilz at the top of its band.
  • the Tonpilz transducer can be either resinated or inserted into a casing filled with a fluid whose acoustic properties are adapted to the desired operating mode: for example, castor oil for transparency acoustic or air for a bafflage.
  • a fluid whose acoustic properties are adapted to the desired operating mode: for example, castor oil for transparency acoustic or air for a bafflage.
  • the cabinet has a rigid housing which encloses the cavity of air and the transducer is then generally limited to shallower immersions.
  • a lateral cavity 9 comprising a fluid, for example a liquid which is castor oil, is arranged at the lateral periphery of the Tonpilz type transducer.
  • This lateral cavity 9 is annular in that the Tonpilz-type transducer is substantially cylindrical, as is the other transducer, the FFR.
  • the lateral cavity 9 extends facing and against at least part of the stack of rings 3. In the example shown Figure 1 this cavity rises on a lateral part of the common tape-flag element 4 and does not come into contact with the rear counter-beam 2, a layer 12 of a material being placed between the two 9, 2.
  • the fluid is air or a gas or a gaseous composition in order to obtain a bafflage effect.
  • the pressure of the gaseous fluid will be adapted to the needs.
  • a guard ring 10 In order to further improve the usable frequency bandwidth, there is disposed at the periphery of the device, facing the Tonpilz type transducer, a guard ring 10.
  • the guard ring 10 is distinct from the counterweight 2 and is separated from it by a layer of material with elastic property, typically elastic modulus ⁇ 100 MPa or, alternatively, a fluid vent.
  • the sealing membrane 11 In the case in point, it is the sealing membrane 11 which also covers the device which forms the separation.
  • the frequency response curve for the emission, makes it possible to visualize the effects of each type of transducer and the contribution of the implementation of the common tape-flag element.
  • a baffling device was analyzed to produce this curve. The lowest frequencies are on the left along the frequency abscissa axis. The step of graduation of the ordinates is of 10dB.
  • the represented curve corresponds to the transmission ratio with respect to the applied voltage, in dB as an arbitrary unit.
  • Tonpilz-type transducer is visible in the "Octave BF" part, mainly with the MMR spring-spring mode.
  • Tonpilz-type transducer is visible in the "Octave BF" part, mainly with the MMR spring-spring mode.
  • the action of the FFR type transducer is visible in the "Scripte HF" part with mainly a radial mode of the MRA ring and, lower in frequency, a cavity mode of the MCA ring which makes it possible to widen the response. in low frequency.
  • the device in the preferred mode of use of the device, as a function of the low or high frequencies that it is desired to produce, only one of the two transducers is powered by an alternating current of frequency (s) related to that (s) which the we want to produce. If desired, the generated waves are discontinuous to allow reception between transmissions.
  • the alternating current may have a waveform other than sinusoidal and in particular any shape that is useful for the generation of pure waves and / or with harmonics and / or other linear or nonlinear effects. However, the case is envisaged where the two transducers are fed at the same time by alternating currents adapted to each of them.
  • the invention can be realized in many other ways.
  • the discs or rings 3 of the Tonpilz type transducer and / or the piezoelectric ring 6 may be made in various known ways including in the form of monobloc or composite transduction elements, in the latter case by assembling elementary transducers forming a disk or a ring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für breitbandige Unterwasserakustik (1) mit wenigstens einem Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz (2, 3, 4, 5) und einem Wandler vom Typ FFR "Free Flooded Ring" (4, 6),
    wobei der Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz (2, 3, 4, 5), von zylindrischer Form, rotationssymmetrisch um eine Längsachse (13) ist, wobei der Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz (2, 3, 4, 5) Elemente aufweist, die von hinten nach vorne entlang seiner Rotationslängsachse angeordnet sind, wobei die Elemente wenigstens eine hintere Gegenmasse (2), elektroaktive Elemente (3) und eine vordere Wandung (4) sind, wobei der Wandler vom Typ FFR (4,6) rotationssymmetrisch um eine Längsachse ist, wobei der Wandler vom Typ FFR (4, 6) Elemente aufweist, die von hinten nach vorne entlang seiner Rotationslängsachse (13) angeordnet sind, wobei die Elemente wenigstens ein "Klopfer" (4) und ein elektroaktiver Ring (6) sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz und vom Typ FFR aufeinander ausgerichtet sind, wobei sich deren Rotationslängsachsen überlagern, wobei der Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz hinten angeordnet ist und der Wandler vom Typ FFR vorne angeordnet ist und deren jeweilige Richtung der frontalen Abstrahlung nach vorne gerichtet ist, und daß die Wandler innerhalb der Vorrichtung durch gemeinsame Verwendung eines ihrer Elemente kombiniert sind, wobei das gemeinsame Element, als Klopfer-Wandung-Element (4) bezeichnet, der "Klopfer" des FFR und die Wandung des Tonpilzes ist.
  2. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich wenigstens ein Vorspannungsstab (5) in der Längsrichtung zwischen der hinteren Gegenmasse (2) und dem Klopfer-Wandung-Element (4) erstreckt.
  3. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gemeinsame Klopfer-Wandung-Element (4) mittels Aufhängungen aus Elastomer als Abstützung für den elektroaktiven Ring des FFR-Wandlers (6) dient.
  4. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein ein Fluid aufweisender ringförmiger Hohlraum (9) am seitlichen Umfang des Wandlers vom Typ Tonpilz, wenigstens an den elektroaktiven Elementen (3), angeordnet ist.
  5. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein aus einer steifen metallenen Masse gebildeter Haltering (10) am seitlichen Umfang der Vorrichtung, wenigstens gegenüber dem Wandler vom Typ Tonpilz, angeordnet ist.
  6. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Haltering (10) und die hintere Gegenmasse (2) getrennte Elemente sind.
  7. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Haltering (10) und die hintere Gegenmasse (2) durch eine Schicht aus schalldämpfendem Material getrennt sind.
  8. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der elektroaktive Ring (6) des Wandlers vom Typ FFR (4, 6) wenigstens teilweise mit einer Schicht aus einem Schutzmaterial beschichtet ist, wobei der elektroaktive Ring (6) des Wandlers vom Typ FFR mittels einer Schicht aus einem Schutzmaterial an das gemeinsame Klopfer-Wandung-Element (4) angedrückt ist, und daß das frontale Ende (8) des elektroaktiven Rings des Wandlers vom Typ FFR geschlossen ist und sich im Inneren des elektroaktiven Rings des Wandlers vom Typ FFR ein Fluid (7) befindet, wobei das Fluid mit dem gemeinsamen Klopfer-Wandung-Element (4) in Berührung ist.
  9. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fluid des ringförmigen Hohlraums (9) aus einem Gas, einer gasförmigen Mischung, einer Flüssigkeit, einem Gel ausgewählt ist und daß das im Inneren des elektroaktiven Rings (6) des Wandlers vom Typ FFR befindliche Fluid (7) aus einem Gas, einer gasförmigen Mischung, einer Flüssigkeit, einem Gel ausgewählt ist.
  10. Sendeempfängervorrichtung für Unterwasserakustik (1) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektroaktiven Elemente (3) (6) des Wandlers vom Typ Tonpilz und des Wandlers vom Typ FFR piezoelektrische Keramiken sind.
EP16790667.6A 2015-10-09 2016-10-05 Sendeempfängervorrichtung für breitbandige unterwasserakustik Active EP3359308B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1559619A FR3042134B1 (fr) 2015-10-09 2015-10-09 Dispositif d'emission/reception acoustique sous-marine a large bande
PCT/FR2016/052559 WO2017060620A1 (fr) 2015-10-09 2016-10-05 Dispositif d'émission/réception acoustique sous-marine à large bande

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3359308A1 EP3359308A1 (de) 2018-08-15
EP3359308B1 true EP3359308B1 (de) 2019-11-13

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EP16790667.6A Active EP3359308B1 (de) 2015-10-09 2016-10-05 Sendeempfängervorrichtung für breitbandige unterwasserakustik

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US10919075B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3359308B1 (de)
JP (1) JP7045311B2 (de)
DK (1) DK3359308T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3042134B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017060620A1 (de)

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WO2025247932A1 (fr) * 2024-05-29 2025-12-04 Pytheas Technology Dispositif émetteur-récepteur acoustique sous-marin

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GB2557345B (en) * 2016-12-08 2021-10-13 Bae Systems Plc MIMO communication system and data link
FR3087542B1 (fr) * 2018-10-22 2021-01-15 Thales Sa Antenne d'emission acoustique
USD1036286S1 (en) 2021-06-21 2024-07-23 Navico, Inc. Sleeve for frequency-steered sonar transducer assembly
US11681044B2 (en) 2021-06-21 2023-06-20 Navico, Inc. Sonar beam shape controlling horn
USD1066072S1 (en) 2022-12-14 2025-03-11 Navico, Inc. Frequency-steered sonar transducer assembly

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FR2720589B1 (fr) 1994-05-27 1996-07-05 France Etat Armement Procédé et transducteur pour émettre des ondes acoustiques à larges bandes et basses fréquences en profondeur d'immersion illimitée.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025247932A1 (fr) * 2024-05-29 2025-12-04 Pytheas Technology Dispositif émetteur-récepteur acoustique sous-marin
FR3162647A1 (fr) * 2024-05-29 2025-12-05 Pytheas Technology Dispositif émetteur-récepteur acoustique sous-marin.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3359308A1 (de) 2018-08-15
US20190060954A1 (en) 2019-02-28
FR3042134A1 (fr) 2017-04-14
JP2019502280A (ja) 2019-01-24
WO2017060620A1 (fr) 2017-04-13
JP7045311B2 (ja) 2022-03-31
FR3042134B1 (fr) 2020-10-09
US10919075B2 (en) 2021-02-16
DK3359308T3 (da) 2020-02-17

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