EP0728534B1 - Verfahren und in einer Flussigkeit versekter Handler mit leichten Strahler zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten akustischen Wellen - Google Patents

Verfahren und in einer Flussigkeit versekter Handler mit leichten Strahler zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten akustischen Wellen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0728534B1
EP0728534B1 EP96400363A EP96400363A EP0728534B1 EP 0728534 B1 EP0728534 B1 EP 0728534B1 EP 96400363 A EP96400363 A EP 96400363A EP 96400363 A EP96400363 A EP 96400363A EP 0728534 B1 EP0728534 B1 EP 0728534B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
box
horn
wall
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP96400363A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0728534A1 (de
Inventor
Didier "Le Saint-Michel" - Bât. C Boucher
Yves Ripoll
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Direction General de lArmement DGA
Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise
Original Assignee
Delegation Generale pour lArmement
Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
    • B06B1/0618—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile of piezo- and non-piezoelectric elements, e.g. 'Tonpilz'

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method and transducers immersed in a fluid for the emission of waves low frequency acoustics with lighter flags.
  • the technical sector of the invention is that of production electroacoustic submersible transducers.
  • the main application and the objective of the invention are to power, or reduce the power consumed by a transducer given submersible composed at least of a pavilion and a driving pillar to emit waves in a low frequency fluid, actually less than 500 Hz, or decrease said frequency range by transducer given for the same sound power, i.e. both at that time.
  • electroacoustic transducers submersible, and in particular piezoelectric, comprising a rigid, hollow cylindrical housing open at both ends axial, and inside which are arranged coaxially with this one, two identical electro-acoustic motors, placed on the side and on the other side of a central counter-mass, and whose ends opposite are surrounded by a flag: these transducers are called double type "Tonpilz".
  • Said electro-acoustic motors can be made by two stacks of piezoelectric plates aligned.
  • the external faces of the two pavilions are located in the plane of the axial ends of the case, so that they are in contact with the liquid, in which the case is immersed, and the outer perimeter of these pavilions comes as close as possible to the edge of the open axial ends of said housing.
  • these external faces emit waves in the liquid acoustic when electro-acoustic motors are energized electronically: these transducers are used in particular for emit low frequency acoustic waves into the water in a determined direction; for an application of this type of transducer mono or double "Tonpilz" for high power emissions, we can cite the request FR. 2,663,182 from Gilles GROSSO published on 13 December 1991, which describes additional devices for obtaining increased power.
  • EP-A-0 596 763 also discloses a transducer double frequency low frequency electroacoustics - "Tonpilz" suitable for transmitting at great depths with low weight and low space thanks to the arrangement of a peripheral opening circular in the vicinity of the median plane of the housing.
  • the problem is therefore to be able to reduce the frequency of resonance of the motor of a transducer for a power consumed at more given and / or to increase the acoustic performance at low frequency to also increase the sound power without increasing its dimensions and weight.
  • a solution to the problem posed is a method of transmitting waves acoustics in a low frequency fluid from a transducer comprising at least one horn integral with the end a motor pillar, a rigid box delimiting with said flag a cavity which encloses said motor pillar and having dimensions and a determined external volume, which transducer transmitting waves in a frequency range, at a power and according to a given electroacoustic efficiency: according to the invention, rear of said roof inside said housing a load dynamic integral with it partially closing its section interior and dividing said interior cavity into two parts rear and front communicating; we bring the outer edge closer peripheral pavilions of the inner wall of the housing, preferably at a distance of a few tenths of a millimeter; we then emits acoustic waves at frequencies lower than those of the initial range given and at most with the same power consumed initial given.
  • said transducer thus produced is used in a frequency range around the natural frequency of the rear cavity thus delimited by said dynamic load: the definition and the different types of achievements are described in the presentation of figure 1.
  • Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a transducer type indicated above and defined below and equipped with two types dynamic load according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows comparative power curves acoustic, between a conventional transducer and a transducer of the same type equipped with said dynamic load with respect to frequency issued.
  • the transducer as shown in section in this figure 1 therefore comprises in a known manner, two electro-acoustic motors 1 aligned on an axis xx ', placed on either side of a counterweight central 2 and coaxially inside a cylindrical housing 5, which can be called external covering all of said motors 1 to the pavilions 3 at the end thereof, the cavity 7, as well bounded by said pavilions and said housing being filled with liquid 4 in which the entire transducer is immersed, such as Seawater.
  • Said electro-acoustic motors 1 and the intermediate mass 2 are on the one hand, held together by a prestressing rod 9, also immobilizing by any means of assembly 15 the two pavilions 3 on the ends of the pillar thus formed, and on the other hand, assembled using different connecting pieces 11, themselves associated with different fixing pieces 12, some 12 1 connecting said electro-acoustic motors to the external box 5 and the others 12 2 allowing the fixing of the whole of the transducer on any external support.
  • the various fixing means are such that they allow freedom of movement of the ends of the electro-acoustic motors on the side of the pavilions 3, which are integral with them and whose peripheral external edge 16, not connected and independent of the internal wall of the housing 5, can then vibrate freely so as to ensure the full emission of acoustic waves in the ambient environment.
  • An inner sleeve 13 isolates the preload rod from said motors 1, and an external sealing envelope 8 ensures the insulation of these motors 1 and of the pavilions 3 with respect to the medium ambient 4.
  • the supply of said electro-acoustic motors 1 is supplied by a power cable 10 fixed on said connecting pieces 11 by an electrical connector 14.
  • the making of such transducer and all of the different connecting pieces the constituent are of the known field and realizable by any man of profession: all the other elements making it possible in particular to obtain the Helmholtz resonant frequency of the cavity as shown in the introduction, as well as the various connecting elements improving the mechanical performance of the assembly are not figured here; some have been the subject of various other requests for patents like those in particular cited in the introduction for so-called compliant tubes.
  • said external housing 5 comprises at least one opening 6 of communication with the outside, said opening being able to be consisting of holes distributed around the cylindrical part of the housing or even consisting of a circular peripheral opening complete.
  • said transducer comprises behind each pavilion 3, in this case here the two pavilions shown, and inside the housing 5 a dynamic load 17 associated with each pavilions, integral with said housing 5 and partially closing its internal section by sharing the internal cavity 7 in two parts, rear 7 1 and front 7 2 , communicating: in the representation of Figure 1, this in fact corresponds to sharing the whole of the internal cavity of the housing into three cavities, of which a single rear central unit 7 1 is median and two so-called "front" cavities 7 2 are each located behind each of the two pavilions 3.
  • the dynamic load on the right of the figure consists of a solid wall 23 matching the shape of the internal surface of the wall of the housing 5 of which it is integral, surrounding the engine pillar 1 and pierced with at least one orifice 18 through which the latter passes, which orifice carries a conduit 19 extending behind the wall 23 relative to the roof 3 and leaving a free peripheral passage 20 around said driving pillar 1.
  • said solid wall 23 includes as on the right side an orifice 18 through which the said passes motor pillar 1 but with a narrower peripheral passage 20 and additionally comprises various other orifices 21 arranged around said motor pillar 1 and carrying open conduits 22.
  • the walls 23 are fixed at their periphery to the rigid housing 5 by connecting elements and parts 12.
  • said walls 23 of the two dynamic loads are located as close as possible to the rear of the roof 3, but they could be located at a greater distance because this is what counts to constitute the additional mass of the fluid to add to that of the pavilions and located in the cavities 7 2 is especially the ratio of the surfaces of all the conduits 21 and 20 relative to the total section of the housing 5 which corresponds to that of the diameter also of the pavilions 3, and not the effective mass of the fluid located in these cavities 7 2 and between said pavilion and said dynamic load.
  • the distance "e" between the peripheral outer edge 16 of the pavilions 3 and the inner wall of the housing is as small as possible, in any case less than 1 mm and preferably a few tenths of a millimeter , so that this space allows only a small loss of leakage to the liquid from the cavity 7 2 towards the outside during vibration, so that said fluid stresses above all the dynamic load 17 so as to virtually increase the mass of the roof 3 and decrease then, for the same weight and volume thereof, its frequency of emission for the same power consumption.
  • the electroacoustic efficiency is maximum around the resonant frequency of the cavity 7 1 indeed, the acoustic losses being proportional to the speed flow of the pavilions 3 and of the conduits 21 and 20, these are minimal for these frequencies because the flux participating in the radiation is mainly generated by the openings of the housing 6 which have little loss.
  • this type of transducer it is necessary to use this type of transducer around the resonant frequency of the cavity 7 1 .
  • FIG 2 there is shown a curve 24 of emission of sound power of a transducer as shown in the Figure 1 with a dynamic load according to the invention, while the curve 25 represents the same transducer but not equipped with said dynamic load, said transmitting powers being noted by relation to the frequencies in herz: we note as well as in the frequencies below 800 Hz and such as, for example, around the frequency of 500 Hz, we increase in an interesting proportion the transmitted power or vice versa, for a given power, we decrease the frequency of more than 50 Hz. This was of course measured from of a given type of transducer, but with other transducers, we can get an even bigger gain, lower the transmission frequency and / or both at the same time, without weighing down the pavilions of the given transducer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten Schallwellen in einer Flüssigkeit (4) mittels eines Wandlers, der mindestens mit einem mit dem Ende einer Antriebsachse (1) solidarischen Endkegel (3), einem starren Gehäuse (5), welches zusammen mit dem besagten Endkegel einen die besagte Antriebsachse umhüllenden Hohlraum (7) mit vorbestimmten Abmessungen sowie einem vorbestimmten Außenvolumen abgrenzt, ausgestattetet ist und die Schallwellen in einein gegebenen Frequenzbereich bei einer gegebenen Leistung und gemäß einem gegebenen elektroakustischen Wirkungsgrad überträgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß :
    hinter dem besagten Endkegel (3) im Inneren des besagten Gehäuses (5) eine mit ihm solidarische dynamische Last (17) angebracht wird, welche dessen Innenquerschnitt teilweise schließt und den besagten inneren Hohlraum (7) in zwei ineinander übergehende Abschnitte, hinten (71) und vorne (72), unterteilt;
    die periphere äußere Kante (16) der Endhegel (3) der Innenwandung des Gehäuses (5) genähert wird ;
    die Schallwellen zu niedrigeren Frequenzen als die Frequenzen des ursprünglich gegebenen Frequenzbereichs und höchstens mit der gleichen ursprünglich gegebenen Leistungsaufnahme gesendet werden.
  2. Verfahren zum Aussenden von Schallwellen gemäß Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die periphere externe Kante (16) des Endkegels (3) so nahe wie möglich an die interne Wandung des Gehäuses (5) bringt, um den so begrenzten Abstand " e " auf einige zehntel Millimeter zu reduzieren.
  3. Verfahren zum Aussenden von Schallwellen gemäß einem der Patentansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man den so ausgeführten besagten Wandler in einem um die Eigenfrequenz des hinteren Hohlraums (71) herum liegenden Frequenzbereich benutzt.
  4. In eine Flüssigkeit (4) eintauchbarer Wandler zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten Schallwellen, welcher mit mindestens einem mit dem Ende einer Antriebsachse (1) solidarischen Endkegel und einem starren Gehäuse (5), welches zusammen mit dem besagten Endkegel einen die besagten Antriebsachse enthaltenden Hohlraum (7) abgrenzt, ausgestattet ist und vorgegebene Abmessungen sowie ein vorgegebenes externes Volumen aufweist, wobei dieser Wandler die Wellen in einem gegebenen Frequenzbereich, bei einer gegebenen Leistung und gemäß einem gegebenen elektroakustischen Wirkungsgrad überträgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er hinter dein besagten Endkegel (3) und im Inneren des Gehäuses (5) eine mit ihm solidarische dynamische Last (17) enthält, welche dessen inneren Querschnitt teilweise schließt und den inneren Hohlraum (7) in zwei ineinander übergehende Abschnitte, hinten (71) und vorne (72), trennt, sowie dadurch, daß der Abstand " e ", welcher die periphere äußere Kante (16) der Endkegel (3) von der internen Wandung des Gehäuses (5) trennt, im Vergleich zu den Querabmessungen des besagten Gehäuses gering ist.
  5. Wandler gemäß Patentanspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand " e " zwischen der peripheren externen Kante (16) der Endkegel (3) und der inneren Wandung des Gehäuses (5) weniger als 1 mm beträgt.
  6. Wandler gemäß einem der Patentansprüche 4 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte dynamische Last (17) aus einer vollen Wandung (23) besteht, welche die Form der inneren Fläche des Gehäuses (5), mit welcher sie solidarisch ist, annimmt, die Antriebsachse (1) umhüllt und mindestens eine Öffnung (18) aufweist, welche diese durchläßt, wobei diese Öffnung ein in, Verhältnis zum Endkegel (3) bis zum hinteren Ende der Wandung reichendes Rohr (19) trägt und um die besagte Antriebsachse (1) herum einen peripheren freien Durchlaß (20) aufweist.
  7. Wandler gemäß Patentanspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte volle Wandung (23) verschiedene, um die besagte Antriebsachse (1) herum angeordnete Öffnungen (21) aufweist, welche die offenen Rohre (22) tragen.
  8. Wandler gemäß einen der Patentansprüche 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Wandung (23) so nahe wie möglich am hinteren Teil des Endkegels (3) liegt.
  9. Wandler gemäß einen der Patentansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das besagte Gehäuse (5) zylindrisch ist und zwei identische elektroakustische Antriebe (1) umhüllt, welche beiderseits einer zentralen Gegenmasse (2) angebracht sind und deren gegenüberliegenden Enden jeweils von einem mit einer dynamischen Last (17) verbundenen Endkegel (3) umrahmt sind.
EP96400363A 1995-02-23 1996-02-22 Verfahren und in einer Flussigkeit versekter Handler mit leichten Strahler zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten akustischen Wellen Expired - Lifetime EP0728534B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502092 1995-02-23
FR9502092A FR2731128B1 (fr) 1995-02-23 1995-02-23 Procede et transducteurs immerges dans un fluide pour l'emission d'ondes acoustiques a basse frequence avec des pavillons alleges

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0728534A1 EP0728534A1 (de) 1996-08-28
EP0728534B1 true EP0728534B1 (de) 1998-02-04

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EP96400363A Expired - Lifetime EP0728534B1 (de) 1995-02-23 1996-02-22 Verfahren und in einer Flussigkeit versekter Handler mit leichten Strahler zum Aussenden von niederfrequenten akustischen Wellen

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US (1) US5636183A (de)
EP (1) EP0728534B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2170091A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69600159T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2731128B1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2818754B1 (fr) * 2000-12-21 2004-06-18 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif pour engendrer des ondes elastiques focalisees dans un milieu materiel tel que le sous-sol, et methode pour sa mise en oeuvre
IL157871A (en) 2003-09-11 2008-08-07 Aharon Bornstein Non-lethal land mines

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR596763A (fr) * 1924-07-22 1925-10-31 Produit pour le nettoyage des vitres, glaces, marbres, etc.
FR2665998B1 (fr) * 1988-05-05 1993-10-29 Etat Francais Delegue Armement Procedes et transducteurs electro-acoustiques pour emettre des ondes acoustiques a basse frequence dans un liquide.
FR2663182B1 (fr) * 1990-06-12 1992-09-18 Grosso Gilles Transducteur electro-acoustique immerge.
FR2697711B1 (fr) * 1992-11-05 1994-12-30 France Etat Armement Procédé et transducteur pour émettre des ondes acoustiques basse fréquence dans un liquide en immersion illimitée.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0728534A1 (de) 1996-08-28
FR2731128A1 (fr) 1996-08-30
DE69600159T2 (de) 1998-08-20
DE69600159D1 (de) 1998-03-12
FR2731128B1 (fr) 1997-04-11
US5636183A (en) 1997-06-03
CA2170091A1 (fr) 1996-08-24

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