Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
  • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
  • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
  • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
  • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
  • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
  • H01M10/625—Vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/63—Control systems
  • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
  • B60L2200/18—Buses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
  • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
  • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
  • B60L2240/545—Temperature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
  • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
  • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
  • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of charging electric batteries of an electric vehicle. It also relates to a system implementing such a method and an electric vehicle implementing such a method or such a system.
• the field of the invention is the field of electric charging systems embedded in an electric vehicle, for recharging the batteries of the electric vehicle with a high-voltage electrical signal, in particular for electric vehicles of the bus, car or tram type. bus.
• the electric vehicles are powered by one or more electricity storage modules, called “batteries” in the remainder of the application, delivering a high-voltage signal, "HT" in the remainder of the application, to power the engine (s). the vehicle and auxiliary devices in the vehicle.
• electricity storage modules called “batteries” in the remainder of the application, delivering a high-voltage signal, "HT” in the remainder of the application, to power the engine (s). the vehicle and auxiliary devices in the vehicle.
• the vehicle is equipped with an electric recharging system to receive an electrical signal HT delivered by a charging station, treat it and redirect it to the battery or batteries of the electric vehicle for reloading.
• the electrical charging systems embedded in current electric vehicles include means, such as for example HT converters, heavy and bulky allowing them to receive different electrical signals HT, depending on the charging terminals used. This makes these systems heavy, bulky, expensive and penalize the electric vehicle in terms of performance.
• An object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a method and an electric charging system of an electric vehicle less heavy and / or less bulky and / or less expensive to implement.
• the invention makes it possible to achieve at least one of these objects by a method of electric recharging of the batteries of an electric vehicle, from an electrical charging station external to said vehicle, said method comprising:
• a phase for heating said batteries with a first electrical signal, called a heating signal, supplied by said charging station, and
• a phase for recharging said batteries with a second electrical signal, called a charge signal, different from said first signal supplied by said charging station;
• the method according to the invention proposes to trigger the passage of a heating phase to a charging phase by the vehicle, so that the station processes and adapts the electrical signal it delivers to the vehicle. Therefore, the method according to the invention proposes to perform the steps of processing and adaptation of the electrical signal to recharge the batteries at the charging station, instead of performing these steps within the electric vehicle.
• the method of reloading a vehicle electric can be implemented by means less bulky, less heavy and less expensive. As a result, the performance of the electric vehicle in terms of consumption and habitability is improved.
• the term "high voltage” designates a DC voltage greater than or equal to 60V. According to current standards, such a voltage is called “dangerous voltage”.
• the expression "tram-bus" designates a terrestrial public transport vehicle mounted on wheels and which is recharged at each station, so as not to require heavy rail-type, catenary-type infrastructure on the road.
• Such an electric vehicle is recharged at each station by means of load elements of the station and a connector connecting said vehicle to said station.
• the transition from the heating phase to the charging phase can be performed in an automated manner, for example as a function of a temperature data measured at each battery, or communicated by each battery.
• the transition from the heating phase to the charging phase can be performed manually, for example by an operator or a driver of said vehicle.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a measurement of the temperature of each battery of the vehicle and a comparison of said temperature at a predetermined temperature.
• the predetermined temperature may be between 60 ° and 80 ° C, and more particularly equal to 80 ° C.
• the transition from the heating phase to the charging phase can be carried out when the temperature of at least one, in particular each, battery of the vehicle is greater than or equal to its nominal operating temperature.
• the predetermined temperature is the nominal operating temperature of the battery and may be equal to 80 ° C.
• the measurement of the temperature of at least one battery can be carried out by at least one means integrated in said battery or by means external to said battery.
• the battery can transmit data relating to the heating state of said battery, instead of communicating the temperature of said battery.
• a datum may, for example, be a binary data item: "0" indicating that the battery is not sufficiently heated and “1” signaling that the battery is sufficiently heated and that the charging phase can begin for said battery.
• the transition from the heating phase to the charging phase is triggered by transmission from said vehicle to the charging station of a signal terminating the heating phase, in particular by a casing for managing all the batteries of said vehicle.
• Such a signal may comprise a data for stopping the heating phase, a data for triggering the charging phase or a data relating to the temperature of the battery or batteries, interpreted by the charging station to terminate the heating phase and start the charging phase.
• Such a signal can be emitted when the coldest battery reaches the predetermined temperature described above.
• such a signal can be transmitted from the vehicle to the station, through a wired connection made through an electric charging cable connecting the vehicle to the charging station.
• This wired connection can be provided for example by a pilot wire integrated in said cable.
• the heating signal has a lower voltage than the charging signal.
• the heating signal has a voltage of 100V and the load signal has a voltage of 400V.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a supply of at least one low-voltage circuit during the heating phase, respectively the charging phase, said method then comprising a conversion into voltage of the heating signal, respectively of the charging signal.
• a low voltage signal may be provided to auxiliary devices forming part of, or connected to, the electrical circuit of the vehicle, thus supplying some or all of the members of the vehicle operating at low voltage during the heating phase, respectively during the charging phase.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a supply of several low voltage circuits, operating at different voltage levels, during the heating phase and / or the charging phase.
• the vehicle may comprise two low-voltage circuits operating at two different voltage levels, for example 12V and 24V.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a conversion of the heating signal, respectively of the charging signal, on the one hand, to a 12V signal supplying the first circuit and, on the other hand, to a 24V signal supplying the second circuit.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a conversion, in parallel, of the heating signal, respectively of the load signal, to supply each low voltage circuit.
• each low-voltage circuit is powered by a corresponding voltage signal obtained directly from the heating signal or the load signal.
• the method according to the invention may comprise a conversion of the heating signal, respectively of the charge signal, in cascade or in series, applied to the heating signal and / or the charging signal, to supply each low-voltage circuits.
• the method may comprise:
• a first voltage conversion applied to the heating signal or to the load signal, supplying a first low-voltage signal of the first voltage level, for example 24V, and supplying the first low-voltage circuit, and
• a second voltage conversion applied to the first low-voltage signal, providing a second low voltage signal of the second level, for example 12V, and supplying the second low voltage circuit.
• This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the weight and the bulk of the converters used.
• an on-board electrical charging system for the batteries of an electric vehicle is proposed from an electric charging station, said system comprising at least one so-called central housing arranged to control said charging station, for triggering:
• ⁇ a phase called the heating, at which said charging station provides a first signal, said heating, to heat said batteries, or
• the system according to the invention may comprise means for implementing any combination of the steps / characteristics described above with reference to the method.
• said central housing may advantageously be arranged to receive at least one data relating to a temperature of each battery of the vehicle, the control of said charging station by said central housing being performed as a function of said temperature, and more particularly according to the coldest battery temperature.
• the temperature data can be provided by each battery by a means integrated in said battery.
• the system according to the invention may comprise at least one means for measuring the temperature of each battery, in particular individual or common to each battery.
• the reloading system according to the invention can comprise:
• At least one high voltage interface for receiving the heating signal and the charging signal
• At least one communication interface in particular low-voltage, for transmitting data to the charging station in order to control said charging station, in particular for triggering or stopping the heating phase and / or the charging phase.
• the high voltage interface may be the same or different for the heating signal and the load signal.
• the high voltage interface may include multiple connectors feeding multiple batteries, or multiple battery packs in parallel.
• the electric charging system may comprise at least one voltage converter for supplying at least one low-voltage circuit from the heating signal or the charging signal. More particularly, the system according to the invention may comprise at least two voltage converters, arranged in cascade, for supplying two low-voltage circuits operating at two different voltage levels, from the heating signal, respectively from the charging signal.
• one of the converters is powered by the heating signal, respectively the load signal, and converts said signal into voltage to provide a first low voltage signal.
• the first low-voltage signal supplies, on the one hand, a first low-voltage circuit and, on the other hand, a second converter, arranged in cascade, and which in turn converts said first low-voltage signal and supplies another circuit. low-voltage at a different voltage level.
• the system according to the invention may comprise at least two voltage converters, arranged in parallel, for supplying two low-voltage circuits operating at two different voltage levels, from the heating signal, respectively from the charging signal.
• each of the converters is powered by the heating signal, respectively the load signal, and converts said signal into voltage.
• the system according to the invention may comprise at least one housing, said management, arranged to receive the heating signal, respectively the charging signal, and transmit it to at least two of said batteries in parallel.
• the vehicle may comprise two sets, arranged in parallel.
• Each set may comprise four batteries arranged in parallel with each other.
• the system according to the invention can comprise:
• a management box for each set, and a high voltage interface for receiving the heating signal, respectively the charging signal, at each management box.
• each management unit supplies in parallel the batteries forming part of the assembly associated with said management box, with the heating signal, respectively the charging signal.
• an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of rechargeable batteries, said vehicle further comprising:
• each of the batteries may advantageously be or comprise at least one Lithium-metal-polymer battery, also called battery "LMP ®”.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a non-limiting example of an electric charging method according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a non-limiting example of an electric charging system according to the invention in an electrical architecture of an electric vehicle;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the system of FIG. 2 during a heating phase
• FIGURE 4 is a schematic representation of the system of FIGURE 2 during a charging phase
• FIGURE 5 is a schematic representation of an electric bus according to the invention.
• FIGURE 6 is a schematic representation of another non-limiting example of an electric charging system according to the invention in an electrical architecture of an electric vehicle;
• FIGURE 7 is a schematic representation of the system of FIGURE 6 during a heating phase
• FIGURE 8 is a schematic representation of the system of FIGURE 6 during a charging phase.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment of an electric charging method according to the invention.
• the method 100 shown in FIG. 1, comprises a step 102 of triggering a battery heating phase of an electric vehicle, such as an electric bus.
• Such a heating phase can be triggered automatically when the electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, possibly after manual confirmation from an operator. Alternatively, such a heating phase can be triggered manually by an operator, at the vehicle or at the charging station.
• the method 100 then comprises a heating phase 104.
• the heating phase comprises a step 106 of supplying a heating signal HT, for example 100V, to the vehicle.
• a step 108 measures the temperature at each of the vehicle batteries at the vehicle level. The measured temperature is compared with a threshold temperature, for example 80 ° C. If the measured temperature is greater than or equal to a threshold temperature then, the vehicle sends a signal to the charging station to end the heating phase 104. In the opposite case, the heating phase 104 continues.
• a threshold temperature for example 80 ° C.
• a charging phase 110 is started automatically.
• a step 112 provides a charge signal HT, for example 400V, to the vehicle.
• a step 114 measures the charge of each of the vehicle batteries. When each of the batteries of the vehicle is fully charged, the process 100 is terminated. Otherwise, the charging phase 110 continues.
• FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of a non-limiting example of an electric charging system according to the invention in an electrical architecture of an electric vehicle.
• the system 200 of FIGURE 2 is arranged to electrically recharge two sets of batteries 202 and 204, each comprising four batteries, arranged in parallel (represented by solid squares in FIGURE 2).
• the recharging of the batteries is carried out from a charging station 206, which can deliver a signal HT of heating a voltage, for example, of 100V or a signal HT of charging a voltage, for example, of 400V .
• the system 200 comprises a central housing 208, connected to the charging station 206 by a wired interface 210.
• This wired interface 210 comprises two connectors and allows said central housing 208 to send control data to the charging station 206 in order to to trigger and / or stop a heating phase or a charging phase, and more generally to control the electric signal HT supplied by the charging station 206 to the vehicle.
• the system 200 further comprises, for each set of batteries 202 and 204, a high-voltage electrical interface, respectively 212 and 214, for supplying the batteries of each set, in parallel, via a management box, respectively 216 and 218.
• system 200 comprises a housing 220 for powering the drive train 222 of the electric vehicle comprising in particular an electric motor and high voltage inverters.
• the system 200 furthermore comprises a box 224 dedicated to the power supply:
• the system 200 comprises a first set of voltage converters comprising: a first voltage converter 230, converting voltages from 100V to 24V, and
• a second voltage converter 232 converting voltages from 400V to 24V;
• the converter 230 is used and, when the system 200 is powered by the 400V load signal, the converter 232 is used.
• the 24V signal from the converters 230 and 232 feeds the low-voltage circuit 226 operating at 24V.
• the system 200 comprises a converter 234, cascaded (or in series) with the converters 230 and 232, downstream of said converters, and powered by the 24V signal supplied by said converters. 230 and 232.
• the converter 234 converts voltage from 24V to 12V and supplies the low-voltage circuit 228.
• the central housing 208 is connected to each of the vehicle batteries via a communication bus 236 to receive from each of the batteries a signal or a relative data including the temperature of each battery and / or a signal or data particularly relative to the charge level of each battery.
• FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of the system of the
• FIGURE 2 during a heating phase.
• the central housing 208 controls the station 206 so that it provides a signal heating HT 100V, materialized by a double-line.
• the heating signal is supplied in parallel with each of the batteries of each set 202, 204 via the management boxes 216 and
• the heating signal is supplied by each intermediate housing 216-218 to the power supply unit 224 of the auxiliary circuits through central housing 208.
• the power supply unit 224 of the auxiliary circuits supplies the heating signal to the converter 230 which converts the heating signal to 100V and supplies a low-voltage signal of 24V.
• This low-voltage signal is, on the one hand, used to feed the auxiliary circuit 226.
• the low-voltage signal of 24V is supplied to the converter 234, which converts this 24V signal into voltage. provides a low-voltage signal of 12V, to supply the auxiliary circuit 228.
• the traction chain 222 of the vehicle is not powered.
• the central housing 208 controls the charging station 206 to stop the heating phase and start a charging phase.
• FIGURE 4 is a schematic representation of the system of
• FIGURE 2 during a charging phase.
• the central housing 208 controls the station 206 to provide a 400V charge HT signal, materialized by a triple-line.
• the charging signal is provided in parallel with each of the batteries of each set 202, 204 through the management boxes 216 and 218.
• the charging signal is provided by each intermediate case 216-218 to the power supply unit 224 of the auxiliary circuits through central housing 208.
• the power supply unit 224 of the auxiliary circuits supplies the load signal to the converter 232, which converts 400V heating signal into voltage and provides a low voltage signal of 24V.
• This low-voltage signal is, on the one hand, used to supply the auxiliary circuit 226.
• the low-voltage signal of 24V is supplied to the converter 234, which converts this 24V signal into voltage and provides a low-voltage signal of 12V, to supply the auxiliary circuit 228.
• the traction chain 222 of the vehicle is not powered.
• the central housing 208 When each battery reaches a satisfactory level of charge, the central housing 208 emits a stop signal of the charging phase. To do this, the central housing receives from each battery a data relating to its state of charge through the communication bus 236.
• the system may include an independent high voltage to low voltage converter for each low voltage circuit.
• At least one of the low-voltage circuits may not be powered during the heating phase and / or during the charging phase.
• FIGURE 5 is a schematic representation of a non-limiting example of an electric vehicle according to the invention.
• the electric vehicle 500 shown in FIGURE 5 is an electric bus having one or more electric motors (not shown).
• the vehicle comprises a first set of batteries, such as the assembly 202, disposed on the side of a rear wall of the bus.
• the bus 500 further comprises a second set of batteries, for example the assembly 204, disposed in a housing arranged in an upper wall of the bus 100.
• FIGURE 6 is a schematic representation of another non-limiting example of an electric charging system according to the invention in an electrical architecture of an electric vehicle.
• FIGURE 7 is a schematic representation of the system of FIGURE 6 during a heating phase.
• FIGURE 8 is a schematic representation of the system of FIGURE 6 during a charging phase.
• System 600 of FIGURE 6 includes all elements of system 200 of FIGURES 2-4.
• the voltage conversion for each low voltage circuit 226 and 228 is performed in parallel and not in cascade.
• the system 600 comprises a first group of converters comprising the converters 230 and 232 for supplying the low voltage circuit 226 operating at 24V:
• the converter 230 realizes a conversion into voltage of the heating signal, namely a conversion of 100 V-> 24 V, and
• the converter 232 converts the charge signal into a voltage, namely a 400V-> 24V conversion.
• system 600 comprises a second group of converters 602 and 604 for supplying the low voltage circuit 228 operating at 12V directly from the heating signal or the charging signal:
• the converter 602 converts the heating signal into a voltage, namely a conversion of 100 V-> 12 V, and
• the converter 604 converts the charge signal into a voltage, namely a 400V-> 12V conversion.
• the supply of the low-voltage circuit 228 is not performed by a converter 24V-> 12V arranged in cascade, downstream of the converters 230 and 232.
• the system according to the invention makes it possible to supply the components of the vehicle operating at low voltage during the heating phase and the charging phase, and more generally at all times during reloading. electric vehicle batteries.
• the electric vehicle may be a purely electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
• the vehicle may include other electrical energy storage modules than batteries, such as supercapacitors in addition to batteries.
• the number of storage modules is not limited to that given in the examples described above, and corresponds to the maximum of energy storage modules depending in particular on the weight of the vehicle and the autonomy considered sufficient for the operation of the vehicle.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
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• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-11-16 FR FR1560962A patent/FR3043855B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-11-09 WO PCT/EP2016/077092 patent/WO2017084925A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-11-09 EP EP16805977.2A patent/EP3377366A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-11-14 TW TW105137069A patent/TW201739642A/zh unknown

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