EP3448593A1 - Dispositif et procédé de mise en forme de pièces par formage par impulsions magnétiques - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de mise en forme de pièces par formage par impulsions magnétiques

Info

Publication number
EP3448593A1
EP3448593A1 EP17713289.1A EP17713289A EP3448593A1 EP 3448593 A1 EP3448593 A1 EP 3448593A1 EP 17713289 A EP17713289 A EP 17713289A EP 3448593 A1 EP3448593 A1 EP 3448593A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
tool
magnetic
workpiece
magnetumformvorrichtung
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17713289.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3448593B1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Dünckelmeyer
Christian Sperl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP3448593A1 publication Critical patent/EP3448593A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3448593B1 publication Critical patent/EP3448593B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/42—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by magnetic means, e.g. electromagnetic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets

Definitions

  • a device for forming workpieces by means of magnetic pulse transformation is specified. Furthermore, a method for forming workpieces, in particular a Magnetumform compiler for forming body panels, specified.
  • Magnetic transformation is an electrodynamic high-energy conversion process for the cold forming of flat and cylindrical semi-finished products made of electrically conductive materials by means of pulsed magnetic fields.
  • the positioned in the vicinity of the coil workpiece is formed without contact by the force of a pulsed magnetic field of very high intensity, that is without mechanical contact with a tool on the magnet-facing side. As a result, neither surface contamination nor tool marks occur.
  • the magnetic forming method is based on the physical fact that a time-varying magnetic field induces eddy currents in adjacent electrically conductive bodies.
  • the strength of the induced currents and thus the force acting on the workpiece depend crucially on the electrical conductivity of the material used.
  • the magnetic field exerts forces whose strength depends on the spatial gradient of the magnetic flux density and on the size of the induced currents, so that the conductive body to be reshaped experiences a force opposite to the coil direction. This force acts only a few microseconds while the discharge of the capacitors takes place.
  • the workpiece absorbs the required forming energy in the form of a pulse, which accelerates it and reaches speeds of up to 300 m / s.
  • the occurring in the workpiece Tensions so high that a flow occurs in the sense of forming technology and the shape of the underlying tool under the workpiece is adopted.
  • Magnetic fields suitable for magnetic forming are generated, for example, by discharging charged capacitors over a coil adapted to the workpiece geometry over a period of a few tens of microseconds, whereby a very high magnetic field pulse is generated in the region of the workpiece surface.
  • the magnetic forces cause expansion of the coil and movement of the workpiece towards lower fields.
  • Coil and forming tool three basic forms of the process are distinguished, namely compression, expansion and flat forming.
  • flat forming is usually a flat, spiral-shaped coil parallel to a flat sheet metal workpiece, which lies on an underlying forming tool or a die arranged. If the magnetic field is generated directly above the material, it is pressed by the electromagnetic forces into the recesses of the forming tool or die. The magnetic field acts like a conventional press stamp.
  • the pulsed magnetic field can be metered very accurately, which makes it possible to press metals onto glass, plastics, composites or metals with high repeat accuracy. Magnetic fields and magnetic forces work unimpeded through materials such as glass, ceramics and plastic, therefore, magnetic forming can also be applied under vacuum, a protective gas atmosphere or under clean room conditions. Also, the transformation in a liquid is possible (eg water). In this case, the magnetic pulse is transmitted in waveform through the fluid.
  • the advantage here is that only one side a tool is required and that high degrees of deformation can be realized.
  • the Very short process times of less than 0.1 seconds allow rapid mass production of components, inasmuch as the required energy of capacitors is available. Prerequisite for the application of the method is a good conductivity of the material to be formed.
  • high-strength steel and aluminum alloys can be cold formed almost arbitrarily, without causing cracks in the material.
  • forming is the generic term for all manufacturing processes in which metals or thermoplastics are purposefully plastically shaped, whereby a pre-shaped primary material is formed into a semi-finished product or workpieces are produced from the semi-finished product, thereby maintaining its mass and cohesion Forming differs from deformation in that the shape change is deliberately introduced, whereas deformation is a non-targeted plastic deformation.
  • Forming lines currently known in the art include a variety of presses and thermoformers in which solid and high strength steels are cold, semi-warm or hot formed. For this purpose, the material is partially heated in the press or thermoforming and then transformed. Usually, a forming is carried out per station, so that the workpieces are transported between the individual stations by hand or fully automatically.
  • Forming in several steps can have different reasons, one of which is the limited formability of the material per work step.
  • components are reheated between the forming steps to reduce the stresses in the material introduced during forming. This has a high energy expenditure as well as a longer one Process time result.
  • the transformation of steel requires a lot of energy for forming and heating the material.
  • Umform Nodes often have high equipment costs and, especially during the hot forming process, a high energy consumption, u.a. since the hot forming process requires heating of the sheets for deformation. Further limitations are given by limited deformation rates during metal forming by long forming times.
  • a device for shaping workpieces described here has, according to at least one embodiment, a first magnetic conversion device and a second magnetic conversion device.
  • the device can be designed in particular for forming metal sheets, for example body panels.
  • the first magnetic forming device preferably has at least one first forming tool and at least one first magnetic tool.
  • the second magnetic forming device preferably has at least one second forming tool and at least one second magnetic tool.
  • the forming tools may each be dies act.
  • the magnetic tools may each comprise one or more coils.
  • the first magnetic forming apparatus is preferably configured to receive a workpiece, such as a workpiece. a metal sheet to transform in a first Magnetumform mixes.
  • the second magnet-forming device is preferably designed to further reshape the workpiece following the first magnet-forming process in a second magnet-forming process.
  • the device for forming workpieces can be designed as a forming line or a magnetic forming line.
  • the first magnetic forming process can be referred to here and below as the first forming process.
  • the second magnetic forming process can be referred to here and below as the second forming process.
  • the first magnetic forming device and the second magnetic forming device are formed as directly adjacent to each other forming devices.
  • the means for forming may be configured such that no further forming devices are provided between the first magnetic forming device and the second magnetic forming device.
  • the first magnetic converting device and the second magnetic converting device can thus be arranged directly adjacent to each other within a forming line.
  • the means for forming in addition to the first and second Magnetumformvoriques one or more further forming devices, which may in particular also be designed as Magnetumformvortechnischen on.
  • the productivity, the effectiveness and the energy efficiency of a forming line can be significantly increased in comparison with conventional forming devices.
  • the Magnet forming can be achieved high degrees of deformation, inter alia, in ultra-high strength steels.
  • components can be redesigned. As a result, weight and cost reductions can be achieved, for example by redesigning several components into one.
  • the device for forming workpieces has a changing device for changing the magnetic tools.
  • the changing device may e.g. be formed such that the first magnetic tool and the second magnetic tool can be changed after a first forming or magnet forming process.
  • the first magnetic tool used in a first forming operation can be moved away immediately after the first forming operation by means of the changing device.
  • the second magnet tool can then be brought into the correct position by the changing device, so that the second forming process or the second magnet forming process can be performed by means of the second magnetic tool.
  • the device for forming workpieces has a changing device for moving or changing the first forming tool and / or the second forming tool.
  • the changing device can be designed for example for the method and / or rotation and / or pivoting of the first forming tool and / or the second forming tool.
  • the first forming tool can be moved away immediately after a first forming operation, in which the first forming tool has been used, by means of the changing device.
  • the second forming tool can then preferably be brought by the changing device in the correct position to perform the second forming process or the second magnetic forming process using the second forming tool.
  • the device is designed such that the first forming tool and the second forming tool are each arranged on a tool table.
  • the tool tables can also be referred to hereafter as support tables.
  • the forming tools may each be mounted on a tool table.
  • the tool tables can preferably be moved, in particular moved and / or pivoted and / or rotated by means of the changing device for changing the forming tools.
  • the device for forming workpieces has a handling device.
  • the handling device is preferably designed to supply the workpiece after completion of the first magnetic forming process of the second Magnetumformvoriques.
  • the handling device can be designed such that the workpiece can be removed from the first forming tool by means of the handling device after the first magnetic forming process and arranged on the second forming tool.
  • the handling device may be designed as a robot or as a manipulator.
  • the handling device preferably has one or more grippers, by means of which the workpiece can be gripped.
  • the first magnetic tool differs from the second magnetic tool.
  • the magnetic tools may differ from each other in particular with regard to their shape, size and / or power.
  • a method for forming a workpiece is specified.
  • the method may in particular be a method for forming a metal sheet, for example a body panel, act.
  • a device for forming workpieces described here is provided.
  • the device may have one or more features of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • at least one workpiece to be formed is provided.
  • the workpiece is formed by means of the first magnetic forming device.
  • the workpiece is reshaped in a first magnetic forming process using the first magnetic tool and the first forming tool.
  • the workpiece in a second forming operation by means of the second Magnetumformvoriques, that is using the second magnetic tool and the second forming tool, further formed.
  • the second forming operation occurs immediately after the first forming operation, i. Between the first forming process and the second forming process, no further forming operations take place.
  • the first magnetic tool and the second magnetic tool are changed between the first forming operation and the second forming operation.
  • the first magnetic tool e.g. by a changing device to be moved away after the completion of the first forming operation.
  • the second magnetic tool can then, for example, also by the changing device, which are brought to the position that the second forming operation by means of the second magnetic tool can be performed.
  • the second magnetic tool can be moved to the same position in which the first magnetic tool was located during the first forming operation.
  • the first forming tool and / or the second forming tool are moved between the first forming operation and the second forming operation.
  • the Move forming tools between the two forming operations and / or pivoted and / or rotated can be used.
  • the forming tools can be arranged, for example, each on a tool table, wherein the tool tables can be moved or pivoted by the changing device.
  • the second forming tool can be brought into the correct position in order to carry out the second magnetic forming process.
  • the second forming tool or the associated tool table can be brought after the first Magnetumform perspectives by means of the changing device in the position in which the first forming tool or the associated tool table was arranged during the first Magnetumformraties.
  • the workpiece is moved by a handling device, for example a manipulator, to the second forming tool.
  • the workpiece may e.g. removed by one or more grippers after the first forming process from the first forming tool and, for example, by a method or pivoting of the forming tools, are arranged on the second forming tool.
  • the second forming operation of the workpiece by means of the second magnetic tool and the second forming tool can be performed.
  • the workpiece it is furthermore possible for the workpiece to be raised and then subsequently, i.e. after a first forming operation by the handling device, for a change of the forming tool. after a change of the forming tool, must be lowered again.
  • the means described herein for forming workpieces or by the method described here can be advantageously in a simple manner high degrees of deformation and undercuts achieve.
  • the device described here is inexpensive to implement compared to conventional press lines.
  • the method is also characterized by low forming times, for example, less than 0.1 seconds, and by low energy consumption, especially since no heating of the workpieces is needed.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for
  • FIG. 2 shows a further schematic representation of the device for forming workpieces from FIG. 1.
  • identical or identically acting components may each be provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the illustrated elements and their proportions with each other are basically not to be considered as true to scale. Rather, individual elements can be shown exaggeratedly thick or large in size for better representability and / or better understanding.
  • Figures 1 and 2 each show a schematic representation of a device 100 for forming workpieces 3 according to an embodiment.
  • the device 100 has a first magnetic forming device 1 with a first forming tool 10 and a first magnetic tool 11. Furthermore, the device 100 has a second magnetic forming device 2 with a second forming tool 20 and a second magnetic tool 21.
  • the forming tools 10, 20 are each formed in the illustrated embodiment as dies, which each have a specific shaping surface.
  • the magnetic tools 1 1, 21 each comprise at least one coil for generating pulsed magnetic fields.
  • the device 100 has a first tool table 12, to which the first forming tool 10 is fastened, and a second tool table 22, to which the second forming tool 20 is fastened, and a changing device 5 for changing the tool tables 12, 22.
  • the device 100 comprises a changing device 4 for changing the magnetic tools 1 1, 12th
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the end of a first forming process, in which a workpiece 3, for example a steel sheet, is formed by a pulsed magnetic field 6 generated by means of the first magnetic tool 11.
  • the workpiece 3 is pressed during forming to the shaping surface of the first forming tool.
  • the first magnetic tool 1 1 and the second magnetic tool 21 are changed by means of the changing device 4.
  • the second magnetic tool 21 assumes approximately the position that held the first magnetic tool 1 1 during the first forming operation.
  • the first and second tool table 12, 22 are changed by means of the changing device 5 after the first forming process, the workpiece 3 for changing the tool tables 12, 22 by means of a manipulator (not shown) briefly raised and lowered after changing such that the Workpiece on the second magnetic tool 21 is arranged.
  • the workpiece 3 in a second forming operation which is shown schematically in Figure 2, by a further formed by the second magnetic tool 21 pulsed magnetic field 6.
  • the embodiments shown in the figures may have further features according to the embodiments of the general description.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (100) de mise en forme de pièces, notamment de mise en forme de pièces de tôle de carrosserie. Le dispositif (100) présente un premier dispositif de formage magnétique (1) qui comprend au moins une premier outil de formage (10) et au moins un premier outil magnétique (11), et un deuxième dispositif de formage magnétique (2) qui comprend au moins un deuxième outil de formage (20) et au moins un deuxième outil magnétique (21). Le premier dispositif de formage magnétique (1) est conçu pour la mise en forme d'une pièce (3) dans un premier processus de formage magnétique, et le deuxième dispositif de formage magnétique (2) est conçu pour la mise en forme de la pièce (3) subséquemment au premier processus de formage magnétique dans un deuxième processus de formage magnétique. L'invention concerne également un procédé de formage d'une pièce (3).
EP17713289.1A 2016-04-25 2017-03-24 Dispositif et procédé de mise en forme de pièces par formage par impulsions magnétiques Active EP3448593B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016206943.8A DE102016206943A1 (de) 2016-04-25 2016-04-25 Einrichtung und Verfahren zum Umformen von Werkstücken mittels Magnetpulsumformung
PCT/EP2017/057040 WO2017186422A1 (fr) 2016-04-25 2017-03-24 Dispositif et procédé de mise en forme de pièces par formage par impulsions magnétiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3448593A1 true EP3448593A1 (fr) 2019-03-06
EP3448593B1 EP3448593B1 (fr) 2022-05-04

Family

ID=58410346

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17713289.1A Active EP3448593B1 (fr) 2016-04-25 2017-03-24 Dispositif et procédé de mise en forme de pièces par formage par impulsions magnétiques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11065663B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3448593B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108495725B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016206943A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017186422A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111570510B (zh) * 2020-05-09 2021-10-29 内蒙古工业大学 一种基于磁脉冲冲击改性的板材轧制装置及方法
CN119281918B (zh) * 2024-12-13 2025-03-07 合肥工业大学 一种原位自阻加热-磁脉冲弯曲成形工艺及装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4310720B2 (ja) * 2000-03-09 2009-08-12 株式会社Ｉｈｉ 連続プレス設備
JP2004130349A (ja) * 2002-10-10 2004-04-30 Kobe Steel Ltd アルミニウム合金アウタパネルの成形方法
US20080072644A1 (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-27 Hirotec America, Inc. Integrated, automated, variable sheet metal forming and assembly system
FR2913899A1 (fr) * 2007-03-20 2008-09-26 Fundacion Labein Procede de formage de toles metalliques comportant une etape de magnetoformage et outil de formage notamment pour sa mise en oeuvre
WO2009048865A1 (fr) * 2007-10-08 2009-04-16 American Trim, L.L.C. Procédé de formage de métal
JP5026390B2 (ja) * 2008-10-22 2012-09-12 株式会社神戸製鋼所 電磁成形方法
CN101590501B (zh) * 2009-07-03 2011-05-11 武汉理工大学 镁合金板材温热电磁成形方法
CN102486509A (zh) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 首都航天机械公司 磁脉冲成形感应器寿命试验方法
CN103341546B (zh) * 2013-07-15 2015-02-11 哈尔滨工业大学 一种轻合金壳体成形件磁脉冲成形装置及方法
DE102013019634A1 (de) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-28 Audi Ag Herstellung eines Blechformteils mit lokalem elektromagnetischen Umformen des Blechmaterials zur Erzeugung einer Blechformteilkante
KR101577333B1 (ko) * 2014-12-03 2015-12-14 부산대학교 산학협력단 전기소성효과를 이용한 초고속 성형 방법
CN105344972B (zh) * 2015-12-01 2017-12-29 华中科技大学 一种非晶合金零件的快速成形方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108495725B (zh) 2020-12-29
US20190060971A1 (en) 2019-02-28
WO2017186422A1 (fr) 2017-11-02
EP3448593B1 (fr) 2022-05-04
DE102016206943A1 (de) 2017-10-26
CN108495725A (zh) 2018-09-04
US11065663B2 (en) 2021-07-20

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