EP3478024A1 - Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique - Google Patents

Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP3478024A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: load; angle; current; heating; heating load
Prior art date: 2017-10-26
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP17198495.8A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP3478024B1 (fr

Inventor

Axel Haase

Philipp Zinn

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Siemens AG

Siemens Corp

Original Assignee

Siemens AG

Siemens Corp

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2017-10-26

Filing date

2017-10-26

Publication date

2019-05-01

2017-10-26 Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG

2017-10-26 Priority to EP17198495.8A priority Critical patent/EP3478024B1/fr

2018-09-14 Priority to CN201811072676.6A priority patent/CN109709398B/zh

2018-10-17 Priority to US16/162,702 priority patent/US20190132912A1/en

2019-05-01 Publication of EP3478024A1 publication Critical patent/EP3478024A1/fr

2021-01-27 Application granted granted Critical

2021-01-27 Publication of EP3478024B1 publication Critical patent/EP3478024B1/fr

Status Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

2037-10-26 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

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Classifications

- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/144—Power supplies specially adapted for heating by electric discharge; Automatic control of power, e.g. by positioning of electrodes
- H05B7/148—Automatic control of power
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC
- G05F1/40—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices
- G05F1/44—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only
- G05F1/45—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load
- G05F1/455—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is AC using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load with phase control
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0019—Circuit arrangements

Definitions

the invention relates to a method for switching on a heating load, wherein the heating load can be controlled by means of a phase control method.
the phase angle is characterized by a lead angle.
the invention further relates to a heating control system for carrying out the method according to the invention.
Such a process is particularly useful in industrial heating processes, e.g. for curing paints and tempering of workpieces, in the automotive industry or in the plastics processing industry.
radiant heaters are used there, whose cold-start characteristics result in very high currents.
radiators with a PTC thermistor characteristic to call, for. Tungsten-halogen lamps In order to enable a safe and fast start when starting such radiant heaters or other heating applications with such unfavorable cold start properties must be ensured that existing fuses are not overloaded and / or maximum currents or services are not exceeded. So far, regardless of the heat load used, a phase control has been used which uses a very conservative and fixed sequence of bleed angles.
the lead angle is the angle that describes the proportion of a half-wave with a duration of 180 ° which strikes a load.
the bleed angle is also referred to as the ignition angle, esp. Thyristors or triacs.
phase-section method which could be used analogously to the phase-angle method, with the difference that the half-wave is cut off at the end and not at the beginning.
Object of the present invention is to enable an efficient cold start with any heating loads.
the definable initial bleed angle is to be chosen so that it can be concluded on the basis of the resulting current conclusions on the current resistance of the heating load.
the resistance of the heating load does not have to be calculated by itself, but the current can be used as a representative. Using this current can be determined and / or calculated for the following lead angles, which load is possible to allow the most effective, fast turn-on without overloading the system or any fuses. It makes sense to choose as large as possible initial lead angle, because so too much power is avoided.
An RMS current may be, for example, the RMS value of the current over a half-wave or over several half-waves.
I N + 1 I SETn + 1 2 ⁇ t N + t N + 1 - I N 2 ⁇ t N t N + 1
the equation is to be considered as a possible embodiment and can be simplified by empirical values or entirely as a lookup table, e.g. for different fuses or general heating load types.
the predefinable switch-on current curve predefines a current profile which, based on boundary conditions, results in definable and increasing effective currents.
boundary conditions come, for example, the cold start characteristic of a radiator and a maximum load capacity of a fuse in question.
the heating load has PTC thermistor properties.
the present method can be carried out particularly advantageously, since the heating load is often present, for example, as a tungsten halogen lamp and therefore exhibits a pronounced PTC behavior. This means that when the radiator or the heating load is switched on for the first time, very large currents can occur, with the present method, without further configuration, enabling the heating load to start as quickly as possible.
the initial bleed angle is at least 60 °, 90 ° or 120 °.
the larger the lead angle the lower the proportion of the half wave that hits the heat load. That the larger the lead angle, the lower the resulting current.
This particularly conservative design prevents the maximum load capacity of a fuse or the entire system from being exceeded when the heating load is switched on for the first time.
the subsequent bleed angles can thus be determined from the first determined approximation of the behavior of the heating load.
the following bleed angles are calculated and / or determined from the determined effective current. This can be done for example by means of a look-up table or a calculation using knife values.
the initial bleed angle is selected depending on a temperature of the heating load. This has the advantage that already preheated heating loads can be started even faster. A restart of a slightly cooled heating load is also facilitated. In the case of a PTC thermistor, the warmer it is, the more current can be given directly to the PTC thermistor. So, a less conservative choice of the first initial bleed angle is necessary.
the predefinable inrush current does not exceed a characteristic of a fuse.
the goal of the fastest possible power-up process is to set the maximum current while maintaining system integrity. If the predefinable inrush current curve is adjusted on the basis of the characteristic curve of the fuse, then it is ensured that the fuse survives the switch-on process unscathed, and thus the integrity of the system is ensured.
the fuse can be a single fuse in a power output, but it is also conceivable that the fuse is a higher-level fuse.
predefinable inrush current does not fall below a predefinable minimum distance from a characteristic curve of a fuse. This ensures that the fuse remains intact and is a reserve for special cases, e.g. Overloads, foreseeable.
the switching on ie the switch-on
a lead angle of 50 ° or less has been reached.
the switching is terminated when a lead angle has been reached which is smaller than an angle predetermined by the controller for the operation after the switch-on. If a phase control is still used after switching on, the method for switching on a heating load can be ended if the method can already supply higher currents than would be required by the control. This is expressed, for example, by falling below a desired value for a required lead angle.
the heating load is activated after switching on by means of a half-wave control.
the method for switching on a heating load is performed again when a definable cooling time is exceeded. This makes it possible to always perform an optimal and fast activation or switching on the heat load even when only sporadically used heating loads.
the method is carried out again every time the heating load is switched on. Since the method according to the invention can be carried out extremely efficiently and quickly, each switching-on process of the heating load can be carried out with the method. This further increases the reliability and security of the system.
a heating control system comprising a power unit and a controller, wherein the power unit is designed for controlling a heating load by means of phase control, wherein the phase control is characterized by gate angle and wherein the controller controls the power unit such that the heat load by means of a definable initial Bleed angle is turned on and the following bleed angles are determined taking into account a determined RMS current and a predetermined turn-on current waveform.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a power channel, as it could be used with the inventive method.
the central component is a switch T1, which is designed here, for example, as a triac, thyristors or other power semiconductors are also conceivable. Also visible is a switch T2, which is designed here as an opto-triac and for galvanic decoupling of the power channel is used by a controller CTRL.
the input voltage U IN is shown, which can be measured by means of a first voltage measuring device MU1 and subsequently a fuse FUSE, which protects the power channel.
the current flowing through the first switch T1 is measured in the current measuring device MI.
An output of the power channel OUT is provided with a second voltage measuring device MU2, wherein a heating load LOAD is connected to the output OUT of the power channel.
a heating load LOAD is connected to the output OUT of the power channel.
the voltage measuring devices MU1, MU2 are not necessary for the method according to the invention. These have been shown for completeness and can, for example, be used for additional plausibility of the procedure and for additional functionalities.
the control CTRL can perform a phase control or phase control, as well as other known methods, such as PWM or modifications.
fuse FUSE may be a fuse having a corresponding fuse characteristic as in FIG. 3 shown. Backup manufacturers often specify so-called time-current characteristics, from which it can be seen how long a certain current effective value can flow on average before the fuse triggers.
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between lead angle ⁇ and effective value I EFF of the current over a half-wave HW.
a normalized power in percent% is plotted on the vertical axis, both diagrams extend over a half period from 0 ° to 180 °.
the lower diagram shows the amplitude AMP, which is also normalized from 0 to 1 here.
the upper diagram shows the actual RMS current I EFF and the corresponding power P.
the lower diagram shows a corresponding half-wave, for example the voltage half-wave HW.
a lead angle ⁇ of 120 ° is selected. If it is assumed that the current follows an ideal sinusoidal shape over time, the result for the selected ignition angle is an effective value of approximately 44% of the effective value I EFF .
FIG. 3 shows on the basis of a section of a tripping characteristic FUSE max of a fuse FUSE, as with the help of determined by the method gate angles a predetermined switch-on current waveform I start to be approximated and tracked as quickly as possible.
the tripping characteristic shown is a characteristic which applies an effective current I EFF with respect to the melting time T MELT .
the inrush current profile I Start has a predetermined distance DIST from the maximum current-time characteristic FUSE max . By a parallel displacement here the distance DIST could be further reduced to achieve an even faster turn-on. This would have decreased Reserves and should therefore be taken into account when designing the system.
the initial ignition angle ⁇ INIT leads to a low first RMS current I EFF , so that it can be determined directly after the first ignition, which subsequent load is permitted. Already with the first bleed angle ⁇ 1, the current is brought to the predetermined inrush current.
the inrush current course I start is correspondingly pursued and an effective and fast start-up procedure is possible without endangering the fuse FUSE or the power channel or even the entire heating system.
the RMS current I rms I start approaching to each of the other lead angle ⁇ 2 to ⁇ 5 successively to the inrush current. Due to the PTC thermistor characteristic, the resistance of the heating load decreases with increasing temperature and the lead angles ⁇ 2 to ⁇ 5 can be adjusted accordingly.

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Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Power Engineering (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Electromagnetism (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

EP17198495.8A 2017-10-26 2017-10-26 Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique Not-in-force EP3478024B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP17198495.8A EP3478024B1 (fr)	2017-10-26	2017-10-26	Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique
CN201811072676.6A CN109709398B (zh)	2017-10-26	2018-09-14	加热负载的接通
US16/162,702 US20190132912A1 (en)	2017-10-26	2018-10-17	Heating Control System and Method for Switching on a Heating Load

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP17198495.8A EP3478024B1 (fr)	2017-10-26	2017-10-26	Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP3478024A1 true EP3478024A1 (fr)	2019-05-01
EP3478024B1 EP3478024B1 (fr)	2021-01-27

Family

ID=60301772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP17198495.8A Not-in-force EP3478024B1 (fr)	2017-10-26	2017-10-26	Enclenchement d'une charge calorifique

Country Status (3)

Country	Link
US (1)	US20190132912A1 (fr)
EP (1)	EP3478024B1 (fr)
CN (1)	CN109709398B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
WO2022223089A2 (fr)	2021-04-22	2022-10-27	Soynt Oü	Procédé et dispositif de régulation de charge à ptc

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
CN112084673B (zh) *	2020-09-17	2023-01-31	广西交控智维科技发展有限公司	道岔摩擦电流自动设置方法及装置

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DE2201999A1 (de) *	1972-01-17	1973-07-26	Siemens Ag	Vorrichtung zum elektrischen beheizen eines sich gleichzeitig infolge eines abscheidungsprozesses aus der gasphase verdickenden halbleiterstabes
US4011430A (en) *	1975-05-06	1977-03-08	National Forge Company	Multizone electrical furnace methods and apparatus
US20080296280A1 (en) *	2007-05-28	2008-12-04	Samsung Electronics., Ltd.	Method and apparatus for controlling phase of ac power and method of controlling heating element of fixing unit

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JPH07229757A (ja) *	1994-02-18	1995-08-29	Canon Inc	信号処理装置、位置検出装置及び駆動装置
US7301291B1 (en) *	2006-10-02	2007-11-27	Osram Sylvania Inc.	Power controller having current limited RMS regulated output
CN101212847B (zh) *	2006-12-31	2011-03-30	海尔集团公司	加热控制电路及加热电器
CN103314643B (zh) *	2010-12-30	2015-01-28	奇胜澳大利亚有限公司	用于对负载的输出进行可控调光的装置和方法

2017
- 2017-10-26 EP EP17198495.8A patent/EP3478024B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
2018
- 2018-09-14 CN CN201811072676.6A patent/CN109709398B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2018-10-17 US US16/162,702 patent/US20190132912A1/en not_active Abandoned

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DE2201999A1 (de) *	1972-01-17	1973-07-26	Siemens Ag	Vorrichtung zum elektrischen beheizen eines sich gleichzeitig infolge eines abscheidungsprozesses aus der gasphase verdickenden halbleiterstabes
US4011430A (en) *	1975-05-06	1977-03-08	National Forge Company	Multizone electrical furnace methods and apparatus
US20080296280A1 (en) *	2007-05-28	2008-12-04	Samsung Electronics., Ltd.	Method and apparatus for controlling phase of ac power and method of controlling heating element of fixing unit

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
DAVID WELLS: "Phase control of resistive loads", ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT NEWS,, vol. 14, no. 5, 1 September 1972 (1972-09-01), pages 83 - 84, XP001406854 *
ERNST L M ET AL: "VOLTAGE REGULATOR INCORPORATING SOFT-START CONTROL WITH BOOST", IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN,, vol. 15, no. 3, 1 August 1972 (1972-08-01), pages 735, XP001406741 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
WO2022223089A2 (fr)	2021-04-22	2022-10-27	Soynt Oü	Procédé et dispositif de régulation de charge à ptc
EE202100011A (et) *	2021-04-22	2022-11-15	Soynt Oü	Meetod ja seade positiivse temperatuurisõltuvusega koormuse juhtimiseks
EE05857B1 (et) *	2021-04-22	2023-06-15	Soynt Oü	Meetod ja seade positiivse temperatuurisõltuvusega koormuse juhtimiseks

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
CN109709398A (zh)	2019-05-03
EP3478024B1 (fr)	2021-01-27
CN109709398B (zh)	2021-08-20
US20190132912A1 (en)	2019-05-02

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