EP3553377B1 - Sicherheitsvorrichtung für dampferzeuger - Google Patents

Sicherheitsvorrichtung für dampferzeuger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3553377B1
EP3553377B1 EP19168232.7A EP19168232A EP3553377B1 EP 3553377 B1 EP3553377 B1 EP 3553377B1 EP 19168232 A EP19168232 A EP 19168232A EP 3553377 B1 EP3553377 B1 EP 3553377B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety
steam generator
sil
level
controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19168232.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3553377A1 (de
Inventor
Fabrice PATET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eurl Bacm
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Eurl Bacm
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Publication date
Application filed by Eurl Bacm filed Critical Eurl Bacm
Priority to PL19168232T priority Critical patent/PL3553377T3/pl
Publication of EP3553377A1 publication Critical patent/EP3553377A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3553377B1 publication Critical patent/EP3553377B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F22B37/46—Applications, arrangements or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices responsive to low or high water level, e.g. for checking, suppressing or extinguishing combustion in boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F22B37/44—Applications, arrangements or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices of safety valves
    • F22B37/446—Safety devices responsive to overpressure

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of steam generators.
  • the invention belongs to the field of the management of the risks inherent in the use of boilers.
  • the invention belongs to the field of the functional safety of boilers.
  • Utility certificates CN 203 082 859 U , CN 203 395 910 U , CN 202 032 560 U give examples of steam generators secured by a particular device, and suggesting improvements at the level of a PID regulator, water level control and water level detection probes respectively Despite the availability of safety devices from increasingly efficient, these devices must be checked periodically to guarantee the prevention of the risks associated with their use. A device is therefore desired which makes it possible to space these tests as much as possible and which has a moderate cost.
  • the combustion controller also includes means for managing safety devices relating to the burner and to combustion.
  • a level of risk reduction for a given safety function can be quantified by the safety integrity level SIL ( Safety Integrity Level ), which extends on a scale of 1 to 4.
  • SIL Safety Integrity Level
  • the reliability of the safety instrumented system increases with the LIS.
  • the SIL takes into account the probability of occurrence and the risks and the severity of their consequences.
  • the figure 2 represents the correspondence table between the SIL safety integrity level and a risk reduction factor RRF ( Risk Reduction Factor ) equal to the inverse of the average probability of failure on demand PFD ( Probability of Failure on Demand in English terminology).
  • RRF Risk Reduction Factor
  • the SIL safety integrity level of a system depends on the safety integrity level of the subsystems constituting it.
  • a Safety Instrumented System comprises a sensor subsystem (input interface), a logic subsystem and an actuator subsystem (output interface).
  • the devices making up the subsystems can be arranged in series or in parallel.
  • the figure 4 represents the change in the probability of failure on the PFD request as a function of time for two sensors A and B associated with a SIL 2 level.
  • the sensor A represented by a solid line curve, can be considered to have a SIL 2 level for a unit of time, for example a year. Beyond that, the average probability of PFD failure is too high. It is therefore necessary to ensure after one year that the sensor A is functioning correctly. After verification, sensor A can be reused for one year without verification.
  • Sensor B represented by a dotted line curve, can be considered to have a SIL 2 level for five units of time, for example five years. The operating condition of sensor B is therefore only checked every five years.
  • the invention proposes a safety system of a steam generator making it possible to obtain a SIL safety integrity level equal to 3 according to claim 1.
  • a safety integrity level makes it possible to further space out the verification tests. proper functioning of security systems.
  • the safety tests are only to be carried out once a year.
  • the invention also relates to a steam generator comprising a combustion automaton, a food pump, a regulation automaton and a safety device according to the invention.
  • the regulator acts on the combustion automaton and on the food pump.
  • the steam generator is a boiler.
  • the invention relates to a safety device intended to be implemented on a steam boiler.
  • a safety device intended to be implemented on a steam boiler.
  • FIG 1 shows a steam boiler 1 in a simplified manner, and the boiler 1 comprises other elements not shown, for example a natural gas supply, a vent, a chimney, conductivity probe, control valve, etc.
  • a heat produced by the burner 11 is transmitted to the feed water contained in the heating body 10.
  • This heat exchange is for example carried out by means of the combustion of a fuel element, such as fuel or fuel. gas (not shown).
  • the burner 11 is controlled by the combustion automaton 110 which sends it a power setpoint making it possible to manage the quantity of steam produced.
  • the excess steam pressure switches 40 make it possible to detect an abnormal rise in pressure inside the boiler.
  • the two pressure switches 40 are mounted on the boiler independently. These pressure switches each have a SIL safety integrity level equal to two, for example a pressure switch from the company GEORGIN (registered trademark), and symbolized graphically by a double border.
  • the very low water level sensors 41 monitor the minimum water level inside the generator.
  • Each of the probes used has a SIL safety integrity level equal to three, symbolized graphically by a triple border. They may, for example, be probes from the company GESTRA (registered trademark).
  • the two emergency stops 42 are arranged respectively on one side of the heating body 10 and on an electrical cabinet 14 and each have a safety integrity level SIL equal to three, symbolized graphically by a triple border. They can be chosen, for example, from the range of PILZ products (registered trademark).
  • the pressure switches, water level probes and emergency stops form safety contacts connected to the safety PLC 23 by input electrical connections 25.
  • the safety PLC 23 has an integrity safety level. SIL equal to four, symbolized graphically by a quadruple border.
  • the relay assembly 24 is connected to the outputs of the safety automaton by means of output electrical connections 26, and acts directly on the combustion automaton 110 associated with the burner 11, on the food supply pump 120 with feed water, and on the regulator 13 to stop the boiler in an emergency.
  • the number of elements making up the relaying assembly is limited compared to the currently existing relaying assemblies in order to limit the probability of failure of an element of the relaying and therefore of the boiler.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Sicherheitsvorrichtung, die zur Anwendung auf einem Dampferzeuger bestimmt ist, aufweisend:
    - mindestens zwei Dampfüberdruck-Druckschalter (20);
    - mindestens zwei Wasserstandsonden (21), von denen jede ein Sicherheits-Integritätslevel SIL von mindestens gleich 3 aufweist;
    - mindestens zwei Notausschalter (22), von denen jeder ein Sicherheits-Integritätslevel SIL von mindestens gleich 3 aufweist;
    wobei die Sicherheitsvorrichtung ferner aufweist:
    - eine Sicherheitsautomatik (23), die mit den mindestens zwei Druckschaltern (20), mit den mindestens zwei Sonden (21) und mit den mindestens zwei Notausschaltern (22) verbunden ist;
    - eine Übermittlungseinheit (24), die an die Ausgänge der Sicherheitsautomatik angeschlossen ist und imstande, auf eine Verbrennungsautomatik (110), eine Versorgungspumpe (120) und eine Regelautomatik (13) des Dampferzeugers zu wirken, um diesen im Notfall auszuschalten;
    wobei:
    - die mindestens zwei Druckschalter (20) jeweils ein Sicherheits-Integritätslevel SIL von mindestens gleich 2 aufweisen;
    - die Druckschalter (20), die Sonden (21) und die Notausschalter (22) unabhängig voneinander funktionieren, und wobei in der Vorrichtung das Sicherheits-Integritätslevel SIL gemäß den Anforderungen der Norm CEI 61511 festgelegt ist.
  2. Dampferzeuger, aufweisend eine Verbrennungsautomatik (110), eine Versorgungspumpe (120), eine Regelautomatik (13), aufweisend ferner eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1.
  3. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 2, aufweisend:
    - einen Heizkörper (10);
    - einen Brenner (11), der von der Verbrennungsautomatik (110) gesteuert wird;
    - einen Versorgungs-Wassertank (12), der den Heizkörper (10) versorgt, wobei die Versorgungspumpe (120) zwischen dem Heizkörper und dem Wassertank angeordnet ist.
  4. Dampferzeuger nach Anspruch 2 oder Anspruch 3, wobei die Regelautomatik (13) auf die Verbrennungsautomatik (110) und auf die Versorgungspumpe (120) wirkt.
  5. Dampferzeuger nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, wobei der Dampferzeuger ein Heizkessel ist.
EP19168232.7A 2018-04-09 2019-04-09 Sicherheitsvorrichtung für dampferzeuger Active EP3553377B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL19168232T PL3553377T3 (pl) 2018-04-09 2019-04-09 Urządzenie zabezpieczające do wytwornicy pary

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1853072A FR3079913B1 (fr) 2018-04-09 2018-04-09 Dispositif de securite pour generateur vapeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3553377A1 EP3553377A1 (de) 2019-10-16
EP3553377B1 true EP3553377B1 (de) 2021-10-13

Family

ID=62684906

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19168232.7A Active EP3553377B1 (de) 2018-04-09 2019-04-09 Sicherheitsvorrichtung für dampferzeuger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3553377B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2902891T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3079913B1 (de)
PL (1) PL3553377T3 (de)
PT (1) PT3553377T (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202032560U (zh) * 2011-03-29 2011-11-09 成都东和工业有限责任公司 一种全自动安全蒸汽锅炉
CN203082859U (zh) * 2012-07-30 2013-07-24 上海市张江高科技园区新能源技术有限公司 锅炉检测系统
CN203395910U (zh) * 2013-07-17 2014-01-15 沈阳铁道勘察设计院有限公司 锅炉汽包水位调节系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3079913B1 (fr) 2020-04-17
FR3079913A1 (fr) 2019-10-11
PL3553377T3 (pl) 2022-02-07
PT3553377T (pt) 2021-12-30
ES2902891T3 (es) 2022-03-30
EP3553377A1 (de) 2019-10-16

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