EP3554716B1 - Dispositif d'application et méthode d'application d'un produit de revêtement - Google Patents

Dispositif d'application et méthode d'application d'un produit de revêtement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3554716B1
EP3554716B1 EP17808874.6A EP17808874A EP3554716B1 EP 3554716 B1 EP3554716 B1 EP 3554716B1 EP 17808874 A EP17808874 A EP 17808874A EP 3554716 B1 EP3554716 B1 EP 3554716B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
components
nozzles
flushing
coating agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17808874.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3554716A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Georg Fritz
Benjamin WÖHR
Marcus Kleiner
Moritz BUBEK
Timo Beyl
Frank Herre
Steffen Sotzny
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Duerr Systems AG
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Duerr Systems AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3554716A1 publication Critical patent/EP3554716A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0846—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with jets being only jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • B05B12/04—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/002—Machines or plants for applying coating liquids or other fluent materials by inkjet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to three-dimensional [3D] surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the objects being vehicle components, e.g. vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B05B16/20—Arrangements for spraying in combination with other operations, e.g. drying; Arrangements enabling a combination of spraying operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/061—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with several liquid outlets discharging one or several liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/1433—Structure of nozzle plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2107—Ink jet for multi-colour printing characterised by the ink properties
    • B41J2/211—Mixing of inks, solvent or air prior to paper contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an application device for the serial application of a coating agent on surfaces of workpieces, in particular motor vehicle bodies and / or their add-on parts, with a nozzle applicator, referred to below as a nozzle print head, which contains at least one nozzle or preferably a plurality of nozzles arranged next to one another that contains the coating agent Apply as continuous jets or individual drops to the surface to be coated.
  • a nozzle applicator referred to below as a nozzle print head, which contains at least one nozzle or preferably a plurality of nozzles arranged next to one another that contains the coating agent Apply as continuous jets or individual drops to the surface to be coated.
  • Application device means a device to which, in addition to the nozzle print head moved by a coating robot, other units such as the supply unit containing the coating agent and possibly a mixer, color changer and / or a rinsing device can belong.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding application and / or cleaning method.
  • z. B. be referred to the GB 2,367,771 A , the DE 10 2013 002 412 A1 , the DE 198 52 079 A1 , the WO 2011/044491 A1 , the DE 200 17 629 U1 , the DE 694 29 354 T2 and the DE 601 25 369 T2 .
  • EP 2 799 150 A1 and EP 2 433 716 A1 disclose application systems with nozzle arrangements for generating image patterns similar to known inkjet printers.
  • WO 2010/046064 A1 for continuous paint blasting
  • WO 2011/138048 A1 for the generation of paint drops by applying vibrations of the coating agent
  • nozzle print heads are known, which enable the coating, namely painting of motor vehicle bodies with practically no overspray, because the jets or drops can be aimed precisely at the desired surface areas.
  • the coating without overspray has that mentioned, for example WO 2010/046064 A1
  • Such print heads can operate with a surface coating capacity of at least 1 m 2 / min, 2 m 2 / min, 3 m 2 / min, 4 m 2 / min or even 5 m 2 / min.
  • the application efficiency of the printhead can be more than 80%, 90% or even 99%, and in the coating booth the air descent speed during operation can be less than 0.3 m / s, 0.2 m / s, 0.1 m / s , 0.07 m / s or even 0.05 m / s.
  • a nozzle plate with openings formed in a plate plane, which serve as nozzles, can be an essential component of the nozzle print head.
  • US 2010/321448 A1 describes print heads with electro-pneumatically controlled ejectors in a modular plate unit with respective fluid outlets.
  • the above-mentioned application devices and other known nozzle print heads all have the disadvantage that they do not have multi-component coating agents such as. B. can apply the 2K or 3K paints, adhesives, sealants, adhesion promoters, primers, etc. that are customary in the painting of motor vehicle bodies.
  • the DE 10 2010 019 612 A1 however, already discloses a nozzle print head for the application of 2K paint, which is fed to the nozzle print head from a mixer via an input of a color changer, and also mentions a flushing system.
  • the invention is based on the object of enabling the coating, in particular, of structural or add-on parts of motor vehicle bodies and, in particular, their total surfaces in the manner already proposed, practically without overspray, but with any multicomponent coating agents.
  • the application device initially has, in accordance with the prior art, a nozzle applicator or nozzle print head for applying the coating agent to the component to be coated.
  • nozzle pressure head used in the context of the invention is to be understood in general terms and serves only to distinguish this nozzle applicator from all atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.) which emit a spray of the coating agent to be applied.
  • the nozzle print head produces radially narrow jets of coating agent or drops, the jet being continuous, i.e. H. is generated coherently in its longitudinal direction, while the drops fly in one and the same direction and should be separated from one another in the direction of flight.
  • the nozzle print head contains a plurality of juxtaposed nozzles to which the already mixed coating agent is fed, or a plurality of nozzle units designed as double nozzles, of which one nozzle emits a first component and the other nozzle emits a second component.
  • print heads with a multiplicity of, for example, one or more parallel rows of nozzles are preferred.
  • the invention can also be implemented with all types of print heads or other nozzle applicators which differ from conventional atomizers in the manner explained above.
  • the components are at least one material component (e.g. base lacquer) and at least one hardener component which reacts in a manner known per se with the material component for its hardening. In the case of the invention, the components remain separate at least as far as the nozzle print head.
  • material component e.g. base lacquer
  • hardener component which reacts in a manner known per se with the material component for its hardening. In the case of the invention, the components remain separate at least as far as the nozzle print head.
  • An essential advantage of the invention is that the series-wise fully automatic surface coating, namely painting of complete motor vehicle bodies with any multicomponent coating agents (including effect paints) is made possible with practically no overspray.
  • the nozzles of the print head are intended to direct the jets or drops of the coating agent or its components specifically onto individual points of the surface to be coated in order to avoid overspray.
  • the points of impact applied here can adjoin one another or overlap one another, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the nozzle print head on a multi-axis coating robot which moves the nozzle print head over the surface to be coated.
  • this can generally be referred to from the prior art per se known 6 or multi-axis painting robots with or without a linear travel axis are referred to.
  • the invention is suitable for any multicomponent coating agent such as 2K or 3K paint (including basecoat and clearcoat), primer or primer, adhesive or sealant or preservative, etc., each at least one Base component and a hardener component that reacts with it.
  • a multicomponent coating agent such as 2K or 3K paint (including basecoat and clearcoat), primer or primer, adhesive or sealant or preservative, etc., each at least one Base component and a hardener component that reacts with it.
  • the components can be mixed in different ways and at different points in the application system.
  • the nozzle print head can direct the at least two components separately from one another onto the surface to be coated in such a way that they mix on this.
  • the mixing of the components takes place here through the impact of the drops or jets.
  • the printhead will eject the components to be mixed at the same time.
  • the print head ejects the components to be mixed one after the other, that is to say first one and then the other component (for example first the base lacquer and then the hardener, or vice versa). In both cases, the jets or drops impinge at essentially the same point.
  • the mixing can also take place in flight, ie the nozzles of the print head are positioned in relation to one another in such a way that the components meet on the way to the surface to be coated.
  • a corresponding distance between the nozzle print head and the one to be coated must be maintained Area are respected.
  • the drops of the components of the coating agent it is possible for the drops of the components of the coating agent to be ejected at different speeds and with a time offset from one another in such a way that the later ejected drop hits the first ejected drop in flight and mixes with it.
  • z. B electrically valve-controlled nozzles produce drops of different sizes.
  • the invention by means of different droplet sizes, inter alia. set the mixing ratio if the components are only mixed after leaving the nozzles.
  • the mixing can also take place in the nozzle print head, for example with a mixer, which can be designed in a manner known per se as a static or dynamic mixer.
  • the mixer can be arranged on the nozzle print head, for example integrated within the print head in a respective inflow channel of the nozzles, where it is connected to the at least two separate feed lines of the application device.
  • the individual nozzles of the nozzle print head can each be designed to mix the components.
  • the respective nozzles can contain at least two channels leading to a nozzle outlet, which in this embodiment can run concentrically to one another, wherein the nozzle outlet can be formed by at least one annular gap and a central opening.
  • each nozzle of the nozzle print head is involved actually a unit with at least two nozzle elements, namely the outlet openings of this nozzle unit.
  • the mixing ratio can be determined by the volume of the drops, e.g. B. can be controlled by means of different opening times of the nozzles.
  • a mixer If a mixer is to be provided, it has corresponding inputs at which it is connected to the at least two separate supply lines, while its output is connected to the nozzles via a common line.
  • Controlled color change valve arrangements for selecting a particular desired color lacquer from a large number of supplied different colors are generally known per se.
  • at least one color changer can be provided which is connected to at least one of the supply lines of the application device or the nozzle print head z. B. is connected for a base paint component.
  • the color changer can expediently be arranged movably, in particular on the coating robot that moves the nozzle pressure head, for example on a its arms or on a robot axis. The closer the color changer is to the nozzle print head, the lower the unavoidable loss of color and detergent during a color change.
  • the color changer can also be arranged in a stationary manner, for example on an inner or outer wall of the coating booth of the coating system under consideration here.
  • the nozzle print head can expediently be formed by a nozzle plate which, as nozzles, contains openings arranged next to one another in a plane of the plate.
  • the nozzles can preferably be arranged in one or more parallel rows, for example also as columns and rows of a matrix.
  • the longitudinal axes of the nozzles can run perpendicular to the plane of the plate.
  • the longitudinal axes of adjacent nozzles are inclined at different or identical, for example opposite, identical angles with respect to the plane of the plate.
  • the nozzles can be connected, for example within the framework of the usual program control for coating systems, to electrical or pneumatically controlled valves arranged in or on the nozzle print head, possibly for example on the nozzle plate.
  • the control valves can, for example, have a piston which can be displaced electrically by a coil or pneumatically and which, depending on its position, closes or opens the nozzle.
  • the nozzle print head can be rinsed after a specified time or operating time, for example hourly or after several hours or at certain times of the day (end of shift or production, weekend) etc. or after reaching a certain number of coated workpieces or after reaching a certain ejected amount of paint . It can also be useful to rinse the nozzle print head after certain events in the coating operation, for example after each standstill of a belt or other conveyor device conveying the vehicle bodies or other workpieces to be coated through a coating booth as usual, or after a predetermined number of conveyor stoppages.
  • the flushing can be signal-controlled after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, for example on the basis of an alarm or fault signal signal after a period of time after which the reaction of two components has progressed so far that the application system has to be flushed to avoid damage.
  • rinsing can also take place in the so-called body gaps, i.e. when the robot waits for the next body to be conveyed through the coating booth during the breaks after coating a body.
  • the flushing processes can be controlled automatically as a function of time monitoring devices.
  • Different detergents can be used for cleaning, depending on the application.
  • other rinsing agents may be appropriate, with a separating agent such as. B. an alcohol can be used.
  • detergents with different cleaning effects can be used (cascading), for example for Reduction of VOC emissions (i.e. volatile organic compounds) when the organic solvent content of an aqueous detergent increases.
  • VOC-free detergent is preferably used.
  • different wash programs which differ in their program sequence and / or their duration, can be used for different paints.
  • a reaction generally means a chemical and / or curing reaction
  • detergent and pulsed air can be supplied alternately in a manner known per se.
  • the flushing device provided for the flushing processes described can be formed by at least one flushing agent line running parallel to the component feed lines into the application device, which can optionally be connected or connectable to all nozzles via a mixer or directly. If a color changer is available, a detergent line can be connected to an input of the color changer, for example, so that the detergent can be fed to the nozzle print head through the supply line, for example. B. can be supplied for the base paint component. A rinsing agent line leading separately into the nozzle print head is also conceivable.
  • an external rinsing device can also be provided in the coating system, for example a separate rinsing device arranged in the vicinity of the coating robot that can be reached by the latter. If there is a depositing device in the coating system for depositing the nozzle print head during coating breaks, the flushing device can also be integrated into the depositing device.
  • the flushing device should preferably be designed in such a way that the nozzle channels and also the outer surface of the nozzle print head, that is to say the nozzle plate, if applicable, can be flushed. Furthermore, backwashing of the nozzle plate or nozzle channels can be expedient, the flushing agent being pressed from the outside inwards through the nozzle channel, for example in order to clean a clogged nozzle. This eliminates the need to change the nozzle print head or the nozzle plate, thus saving material and working time.
  • the rinsing device can be equipped with an appropriate to collect all fluids emerging during rinsing (from the nozzles), that is to say coating and rinsing agents and / or aerosols Be provided collecting device from which they can then be separated and disposed of.
  • paint or coating losses caused by a rinsing process should be limited to less than 10 1, but preferably to less than 5 1, 200 ml, 20 ml, 10 ml, 5 ml or even 2 ml, and the The amount of detergent required should be limited to less than 10 1, but preferably less than 5 1, 2 1, 200 ml, 100 ml, 50 ml, 20 ml or even 10 ml.
  • the nozzle print heads known from the prior art which are only suitable for one-component paint, have to be adapted to the requirements for two-component coating agents.
  • the size that is, the hydraulic cross-sections of the nozzles and their channels, must be dimensioned in accordance with the respective mixing ratio.
  • materials that are as solvent-resistant as possible should be used, such as seals made of FFKM (i.e. perfluorinated rubber).
  • the components to be painted are transported on a conveyor 1 at right angles to the plane of the drawing through a painting booth 2, in which the components are then painted by painting robots in a manner known per se.
  • the painting robots 3, 4 have two swiveling robot arms and each guide an application device via a multi-axis robot hand axis.
  • it can be a robot with six or more rotary axes and possibly a linear travel axis along the conveying path.
  • Painting robots with at least seven rotary axes have the advantage of painting bodywork that in many cases there is no need for an additional axis.
  • the painting robots 3, 4, as application devices carry nozzle print heads 8, 9 for two-component or multi-component paint.
  • These nozzle print heads have a much higher application efficiency than atomizers of more than 95% to 99% and thus produce practically no overspray.
  • this offers the advantage that the washout below the booth, which is required in conventional painting systems with atomizers, can be dispensed with.
  • an air suction device 10 can be located under the painting booth 2, which sucks the booth air downwards out of the booth through a filter ceiling 11 if necessary, without any other effort required to collect and separate overspray. In many cases, the air extraction works without a filter. This can also take place via channels arranged near the floor.
  • Fig. 2 explains an embodiment of the invention in which two components of the coating agent are mixed with one another only when they strike the surface to be coated by the impact of the drops or jets.
  • These drops or jets are generated by two schematically illustrated nozzles D1 and D2, which are in a common plane of the nozzle print head are arranged next to each other, with one nozzle ejecting a first component (e.g. base paint) and the other nozzle ejecting a second component (hardener).
  • a first component e.g. base paint
  • hardener hardener
  • the ejection can take place one after the other or simultaneously at a point in time 1, and according to the painting distance L of the nozzles D1 and D2 from the surface F to be coated and the flight speeds of the components, the two components hit the surface F a little later at a point in time 2 , at least approximately at one and the same point P, where they mix with one another.
  • the ejection directions of the two nozzles D1 and D2 are inclined at, for example, opposite flight angles ⁇ and ⁇ to the other nozzle in relation to the painting distance L perpendicular to the surface F.
  • the size of the chosen flight angle depends not only on the painting distance L, but also on the distance between the nozzles D1 and D2, measured parallel to the surface F, and can be, for example, between approximately 0 and 90 °.
  • the flight speeds and / or the flight angles of the two components can also be different from one another. If the nozzles D1 and D2 are opened at different times, a displacement movement of the nozzles relative to the surface F during the application of the two components can also be taken into account.
  • Fig. 3 explains schematically the overlapping application of coating dots on the surface F to be coated, whereby it is usually a matter of drops of already mixed components, which in turn mix with one another on the surface F by flowing together. However, these could also be components that only mix on the surface F to be coated.
  • the Nozzles are moved by the coating robot at the given travel speed along the surface F, they generate a coating point, for example one drop each, with a defined size a at predetermined successive evenly spaced times t1 to t5 etc.
  • the respective nozzle is time-controlled in such a way that defined drop spacings b along the surface F and consequently the respectively desired overlap of the applied drops result.
  • a nozzle unit 40 designed as a double nozzle for mixing two components of a coating agent (e.g. 2K paint) in or on the nozzle pressure head is shown schematically.
  • the nozzle unit 40 consists essentially of an outer tubular body 41, in the interior of which, for example, is cylindrical, and an inner tube 42, which is also cylindrical, for example, is arranged concentrically. While Figure 4B ) shows a longitudinal section through this tubular nozzle unit 40 is shown in FIG Figure 4A ) a top view of the in Figure 4B ) lower nozzle face shown.
  • the outer pipe body 41 can, as shown, protrude axially outward on the nozzle end face 43 beyond the inner tube 42.
  • one component of the coating agent e.g. base paint
  • the second component e.g. hardener
  • the first-mentioned component could also be passed through the annular gap and consequently the second component could be passed through the inner tube.
  • the components are mixed at the end face 43 of the double nozzle or nozzle unit 40 shown, that is to say at its outlet, where the droplets formed there mix with one another as shown.
  • the respective droplet formation does not begin at the same time, but rather the two nozzle elements, i.e. the inner tube 42 and the outlet 46 designed as an annular gap nozzle with valves (not shown), are timed so that first the drop at the inner tube nozzle and only then the drop is formed at the annular gap nozzle.
  • the reverse order can also be useful. Instead, however, a simultaneous opening of the two nozzle elements is also conceivable.
  • the nozzle print head according to the invention preferably holds a multiplicity of such nozzle units, which can in particular be arranged in one or more rows.
  • a double nozzle unit is explained using the example of droplet formation, such or similar double nozzles are also conceivable for the generation of component jets which can be mixed at the nozzle outlets.
  • the two nozzle elements can be controlled jointly and / or individually with regard to their opening times by assigned controllable valves.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Dispositif d'application pour l'application en série d'un produit de revêtement sur des surfaces de pièces, plus particulièrement de carrosseries de véhicules automobiles et/ou de leurs accessoires,
    avec une tête d'impression à buses (8, 9), qui contient une pluralité de buses juxtaposées (D1, D2 ; 40), qui appliquent le produit de revêtement sous la forme de jet continus ou de gouttes individuelles sur la surface à revêtir (F),
    dans lequel la tête d'impression à buses est disposée sur un robot de revêtement (3, 4) avec six axes rotatifs ou plus, qui déplace la tête d'impression à buses (8, 9) au-dessus de la surface à revêtir,
    et avec une unité d'alimentation contenant le produit de revêtement,
    dans lequel le produit de revêtement est constitué d'au moins deux composants à mélanger entre eux, qui comprennent au moins un composant de matériau et au moins un composant de durcisseur réagissant avec le composant de matériau pour son durcissement,
    et dans lequel un dispositif de rinçage est prévu pour la tête d'impression à buses, qui
    (a) est constitué d'au moins une conduite de produit de rinçage, conduisant vers le dispositif d'application et/ou la tête d'impression à buses, à laquelle les buses sont raccordées ou peuvent être raccordées et/ou
    (b) est constitué d'un dispositif disposé à l'extérieur à proximité du robot de revêtement multiaxial (3, 4) déplaçant la tête d'impression à buses,
    caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression à buses (8, 9) comprend au moins deux conduites d'alimentation séparées pour les composants à mélanger, qui sont prévues pour l'alimentation commune des buses (D1, D2 ; 40) avec le produit de revêtement ou ses composants et
    les composants restent séparés au moins jusque dans la tête d'impression à buses (8, 9).
  2. Dispositif d'application selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les buses de la tête d'impression à buses dirigent les jets ou les gouttes de produit de revêtement ou de ses composants de manière ciblée vers différents points de la surface à revêtir afin d'éviter une pulvérisation excessive, dans lequel les points d'incidence appliqués sont plus particulièrement adjacents ou se superposent entre eux.
  3. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le produit de revêtement est
    (a) une peinture multicomposant liquide,
    (b) un produit de fond ou d'apprêt,
    (c) une colle ou un produit d'étanchéité ou
    (d) un produit de conservation
    et comprend respectivement au moins un composant de base et au moins un composant durcisseur réagissant avec celui-ci.
  4. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que
    (a) la tête d'impression à buses dirige les au moins deux composants de manière séparée entre eux vers la surface à revêtir de façon à ce qu'ils se mélangent sur celle-ci et/ou
    (b) les buses de la tête d'impression à buses sont disposées les unes par rapport aux autres de façon à ce que les composants se rencontrent sur le trajet vers la surface à revêtir ou
    (c) les composants sont mélangés dans la tête d'impression à buses et/ou
    (d) les buses de la tête d'impression à buses sont conçues respectivement pour le mélange des au moins deux composants.
  5. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression à buses éjecte les composants à mélanger simultanément ou successivement.
  6. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un mélangeur pour le mélange des composants du produit de revêtement
    (a) est disposé dans la tête d'impression à buses et/ou
    (b) est intégré à l'intérieur de la tête d'impression à buses dans un canal d'amenée des buses et y est relié, côté entrée, avec les au moins deux conduites d'alimentation séparées.
  7. Dispositif d'application selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le mélangeur est conçu comme un mélangeur statique ou comme un mélangeur dynamique.
  8. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un changeur de couleur est prévu, qui
    (a) est raccordé à au moins une des conduites d'alimentation du dispositif d'application ou de la tête d'impression à buses et qui introduit de manière contrôlée, dans l'au moins une conduite d'alimentation, des composants de peinture sélectionnables de différentes couleurs et
    (b) peut être déplacé par rapport à la surface à revêtir, plus particulièrement par rapport à un robot de peinture déplaçant la tête d'impression à buses ou
    (c) est disposé de manière fixe dans une cabine de peinture.
  9. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les buses (40) contiennent respectivement au moins deux canaux conduisant à une sortie de buse (45, 46), qui s'étendent de préférence de manière concentrique entre eux, dans lequel, de préférence, la sortie de buse (45, 46) est constituée d'au moins un interstice annulaire et d'une ouverture centrale.
  10. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la tête d'impression à buses confère aux composants éjectés, du fait de la conception des buses ou de leurs canaux d'amenée, un mouvement de tourbillon afin d'obtenir un meilleur mélange.
  11. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les buses de la tête d'impression à buses peuvent être contrôlées en ce qui concerne les moments d'ouverture et de fermeture, plus particulièrement grâce à des signaux de contrôle programmés pour l'actionnement des soupapes des buses.
  12. Dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les axes longitudinaux des buses de la tête d'impression à buses s'étendant, par rapport à un plan de la tête d'impression à buses, plus particulièrement une plaque à buses,
    (a) perpendiculairement par rapport au plan ou
    (b) avec un angle par rapport au plan, plus particulièrement avec des angles différents, égaux ou opposés des buses adjacentes.
  13. Tête d'impression à buses du dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes, plus particulièrement avec une plaque à buses, qui contient des ouvertures servant de buses disposées dans un plan de plaque, plus particulièrement dans une ou plusieurs rangées parallèles.
  14. Dispositif d'application selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de rinçage est conçu
    (a) pour le rinçage des canaux des buses et/ou
    (b) pour le rinçage d'une surface externe de la tête d'impression à buses et/ou d'une plaque à buses contenant les buses.
  15. Dispositif d'application selon la revendication 1 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de rinçage comprend un dispositif de collecte pour la collecte du produit de revêtement et/ou du produit de rinçage sortant des buses lors du rinçage.
  16. Installation de revêtement avec un dispositif d'application selon l'une des revendications précédentes avec un ou plusieurs robots d'application à l'intérieur d'une cabine de revêtement.
  17. Procédé d'application en série d'un produit de revêtement sur des surfaces de pièces, plus particulièrement de carrosseries de véhicules automobiles et/ou de leurs accessoires,
    dans lequel un dispositif d'application avec une tête d'impression à buses (8, 9) disposée sur un robot de revêtement multiaxial (3, 4) avec six axes rotatifs ou plus, qui contient une pluralité de buses juxtaposées (D1, D2 ; 40), applique le produit de revêtement introduit à partir d'une unité d'alimentation sous la forme de jets continus ou de gouttes individuelles sur la surface à revêtir (F),
    dans lequel le produit de revêtement est constitué d'au moins deux composants à mélanger entre eux, qui comprennent au moins un composant de matériau et au moins un composant durcisseur réagissant avec le composant de matériau pour son durcissement,
    et dans lequel un dispositif de rinçage est utilisé, qui est constitué d'au moins une conduite de produit de rinçage, conduisant vers le dispositif d'application et/ou vers la tête d'impression à buses, à laquelle la buses ou des buses sont raccordées ou peuvent être raccordées, et/ou est constitué d'un dispositif disposé à l'extérieur à proximité du robot de revêtement multiaxial (3, 4) déplaçant la tête d'impression à buses,
    caractérisé en ce que les composants sont introduits dans la tête d'impression à buses (8, 9) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux conduites d'alimentation séparées, à partir desquelles les buses sont alimentées en commun avec le produit de revêtement ou ses composants et les composants restent séparés au moins jusque dans la tête d'impression à buses (8, 9), dans lequel le mélange des au moins deux composants a lieu
    (a) sur la surface à revêtir,
    (b) en vol sur le trajet vers la surface à revêtir,
    (c) dans ou au niveau de la tête d'impression à buses ou
    (d) respectivement dans ou au niveau de la sortie d'une buse.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux composants sont éjectés
    (a) simultanément ou
    (b) successivement de manière contrôlée
    de buses séparées ou d'au moins deux ouvertures de sortie d'une buse.
  19. Procédé selon la revendication 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que les composants à mélanger sont éjectés avec un mouvement de tourbillon.
  20. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 17 à 19, plus particulièrement lors du mélange des composants sur la surface à revêtir, caractérisé en ce que les jets ou les gouttes du produit de revêtement ou de ses composants arrivent successivement sous la forme de points avec des diamètres définis sur la surface à revêtir de façon à
    (a) être adjacents entre eux ou
    (b) se superposer entre eux, dans lequel la superposition représente entre plus de 0 % et de préférence approximativement 75 % du diamètre du point.
  21. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé par au moins une des étapes suivantes :
    (a) rinçage de la tête d'impression à buses après un temps de fonctionnement prédéterminé ou une durée quelconque ou à des moments prédéterminés ou après au moins un événement déterminé du fonctionnement du revêtement ;
    (b) rinçage des canaux des buses ;
    (c) rinçage d'une surface externe de la tête d'impression à buses et/ou d'une plaque à buses contenant les buses ;
    (d) rinçage de retour de la tête d'impression à buses et/ou d'une plaque à buses contenant les buses par injection du produit de rinçage dans les canaux des buses de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur ;
    (e) introduction alternée de produit de rinçage et d'air pulsé ;
    (f) rinçage avec un aérosol ;
    (g) collecte des fluides sortant lors du rinçage et/ou d'un aérosol et sa séparation pour élimination ;
    (h) mise sous pression du produit de revêtement ou de ses composants par un nouveau remplissage de la tête d'impression à buses après le rinçage ;
    (i) distribution d'au moins une goutte ou d'une quantité définie de produit de revêtement ou d'un composant à travers la buse après le rinçage ;
    (k) utilisation de différents produits de rinçage lors d'un changement entre une peinture à base de solvants et une peinture à base d'eau en tant que composant de base du produit de revêtement et, en option, utilisation d'un produit de séparation entre les deux types de peinture ;
    (I) utilisation de différents produits de rinçage avec des actions de nettoyage différentes ;
    (m) utilisation d'un produit de rinçage universel, plus particulièrement lors d'un changement entre une peinture à base de solvant et une peinture à base d'eau en tant que composant de base du produit de revêtement ;
    (n) utilisation d'un produit de rinçage sans COV (composés organiques volatils) ;
    (o) rinçage uniquement des canaux du dispositif d'application qui sont en contact avec un seul des composants et/ou le mélange de deux composants, plus particulièrement uniquement des canaux qui sont en contact avec un composant de coloration du produit de revêtement et le mélange des deux composants ;
    (p) remplissage ou humidification des surfaces internes ou externes de la tête d'impression à buses en contact avec le produit de revêtement avec un fluide qui empêche les dépôts de produit de revêtement et/ou la réaction entre deux composants du produit de revêtement.
  22. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 17 à 21, caractérisé en ce que, lors du rinçage de la tête d'impression à buses
    (a) les pertes de produit de revêtement ou d'au moins un composant de base provoquées par le rinçage sont limitées à moins de 5 l, 2 l, 200 ml, 20 ml, 10 ml, 5 ml ou 2 ml et/ou
    (b) la consommation de produit de rinçage est limitée à moins de 10 l, 5 l, 2 l, 200 ml, 100 ml, 50 ml, 20 ml ou 10 ml.
EP17808874.6A 2016-12-14 2017-12-01 Dispositif d'application et méthode d'application d'un produit de revêtement Active EP3554716B1 (fr)

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DE102016014919.1A DE102016014919A1 (de) 2016-12-14 2016-12-14 Applikationsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Applizieren eines Beschichtungsmittels
PCT/EP2017/081123 WO2018108573A1 (fr) 2016-12-14 2017-12-01 Dispositif d'application et procédé d'application d'un agent de revêtement

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WO2018108573A1 (fr) 2018-06-21
US20190299231A1 (en) 2019-10-03
CN110087779A (zh) 2019-08-02
CN110087779B (zh) 2022-02-22
DE102016014919A1 (de) 2018-06-14
HUE056762T2 (hu) 2022-03-28
EP3554716A1 (fr) 2019-10-23
US11440035B2 (en) 2022-09-13
JP6991218B2 (ja) 2022-01-12
JP2020501887A (ja) 2020-01-23
MX2019006979A (es) 2019-08-16

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