EP3561845A1 - Tube commutateur à vide - Google Patents

Tube commutateur à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3561845A1
EP3561845A1 EP18169855.6A EP18169855A EP3561845A1 EP 3561845 A1 EP3561845 A1 EP 3561845A1 EP 18169855 A EP18169855 A EP 18169855A EP 3561845 A1 EP3561845 A1 EP 3561845A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
vacuum circuit
moving contact
vorzündkontakt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18169855.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Schacherer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP18169855.6A priority Critical patent/EP3561845A1/fr
Publication of EP3561845A1 publication Critical patent/EP3561845A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
    • H01J21/06—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only
    • H01J21/08—Tubes with a single discharge path having electrostatic control means only with movable electrode or electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum circuit breaker tube according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • protective devices In the case of different systems for increasing or controlling the transmission power of high-voltage networks, such as Fixed Series Capacitors (FSCs) or Universal Flow Flow Controllers (UPFCs or APCUs), protective devices must be installed in the event of a network fault, for example in the case of a short-circuit or ground fault, be provided.
  • the protection consists of a surge arrester and a bypass or short-circuit current path, which is electrically closed when a mains failure occurs. Decisive for the protective effect is the fastest possible reaction in the event of a power failure.
  • the bypass current path should be closed within two milliseconds ms and subsequently carry the resulting fault current over a period of a few seconds.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mechanical switch which, in the event of a short circuit can very quickly make electrical contact and is inexpensive to produce compared to the known switching devices and is less prone to environmental influences.
  • the vacuum circuit breaker tube according to claim 1 comprises a moving contact and a fixed contact each having at least one contact surface. Further, the circuit breaker tube comprises a contact pin which is coupled on the one hand with a drive unit and on the other hand is mechanically coupled to the moving contact.
  • the term mechanically coupled is understood to mean that said components can be brought into operative connection, so that forces such as tensile, compressive or bending forces can be transmitted in a static and / or dynamic manner, from which movements can result.
  • the invention is characterized in that the contact bolt is further mechanically coupled to a pre-ignition contact (14) and that the pre-ignition contact is mounted so as to be translationally movable independently of the moving contact (4) along a switching axis (16).
  • a second contact system with a VorzündAND is present, which is independently movable relative to the actual moving contact at least over a certain distance, but which is also very fast compared to conventional moving contacts, so that after a translational movement, an arc is formed between the pre-ignition contact and a counterpart of the pre-ignition contact, which together form a pre-ignition contact system, even before the occurrence of a permanent mechanical contact.
  • This arc is able to carry a current and maintain it for a few milliseconds until the moving contact is brought together with the fixed contact and a permanent contact of the permanently one Carries electricity, is trained. Once the permanent contact is formed, the arc goes out.
  • the Vorzünditch on a push rod which is mounted translationally movable along the indexing axis.
  • the push rod is guided through a hole in a contact bottom of the moving contact. This makes it possible to move the Vorzünditch very quickly from the recess of the moving contact out.
  • the push rod is coupled to the contact pin and can also be designed as part of the contact pin. That is, the push rod and the contact pin may be formed as a one-piece component
  • the contact pin along the indexing axis is movably mounted in such a way that in a closing movement in a first step, a mechanical coupling with the push rod of the Vorzünd courseworkes.
  • This mechanical coupling results in a translational movement along the indexing axis.
  • the Vorzünditch with its push rod is thus first moved by the contact pin along the indexing axis in the direction of the fixed contact. Only in a second step also takes place with the contact pin mechanical coupling with the moving contact.
  • the likewise to a translational movement along the switching axis result and eventually to build a permanent contact, which is permanently energized leads.
  • the advantage in this specific embodiment is that first the entire drive energy is focused on the relatively light Vorzünditch, so that it can move very quickly in the direction of the moving contact and a counterpart in moving contact and can quickly generate the arc. Only in a second step, if there is already a current conduction or shortly before, the relatively sluggish and heavy moving contact is set in motion and thus made the permanent contact. As long as this movement takes place and the structure of the permanent contact has not yet been completed, the current flow takes place along an arc current path, which withstands for a sufficient time until the permanent contact has a current carrying capacity.
  • the moving contact and the Vorzünd. are electrically connected to each other. This can be done for example by a sliding contact or by an electrically conductive radial bearing or by a pressing together.
  • the contact pin is provided in one embodiment of the invention with a driving device or it is in operative connection with this. This is suitable during a translational movement of the contact pin along the switching axis, in which initially only the Vorzünd token is moved to intervene in a further course in the moving contact, whereupon this also performs a translational movement along the indexing axis.
  • a closing movement of the circuit breaker in the direction of gravity F g When the switch is triggered, an acceleration of the contact pin takes place and thus the push rod of the pre-ignition contact with a medium acceleration, which is at least eight times the gravitational acceleration, preferably thirty times the gravitational acceleration.
  • the inertia of the moving contact due to the relatively low gravitational acceleration leads to a delay of the movement relative to the Vorzündmind. This can be enhanced by applying a very high acceleration to a relatively low mass of the Vorzündessores, resulting in a much faster movement of the Vorzünd courseworkes.
  • a vacuum circuit breaker for a short-circuiting device for shorting a circuit and thus to protect a network interference system from an overvoltage.
  • a network-influencing system is understood as meaning, for example, a series-compensation system or a unified power-flow regulator. Both are systems that are used to influence a power grid, which in the event of a short circuit, are switched off or de-energized within a very short time must be in order to avoid damage to these systems.
  • a described switch is particularly well suited due to its rapid development of an arc current path to disconnect a network influencing system very quickly from the mains and thus to prevent their damage.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a vacuum circuit breaker tube 2, which schematically corresponds to a vacuum circuit breaker tube 2 of the prior art.
  • This vacuum circuit breaker tube 2 has two contacts, a moving contact 4 and a fixed contact 6.
  • the two contacts 4, 6 each have a contact surface 8, wherein the contact surfaces 8 of the contacts 4, 6 are in a closed state to each other and this a current flow is guaranteed.
  • the described contact system of moving contact 4 and fixed contact 6 is arranged in a vacuum-tight housing 44 that has insulators 36 in certain areas. In the area in which the contacts 4, 6 meet, typically a vapor shield 38 is arranged.
  • the circuit breaker tube 2 has a contact pin 10, which is guided in a vacuum-tight manner in the housing 44 and is movably supported via a so-called bellows 40. Since this is a vacuum switch, in the housing 44 is a vacuum (negative pressure to atmospheric pressure), in particular a high vacuum (a pressure of less than 10 -3 hPa) before. In contrast to gas-insulated switches, there is no insulating gas or extinguishing gas in the housing 44.
  • FIG. 2 a vacuum circuit breaker tube 2 is shown, which is opposite to the circuit breaker tube 2 in FIG. 1 is modified.
  • the circuit breaker tube 2 according to FIG. 2 also comprises two contacts, a moving contact 4 and a fixed contact 6, these contacts are designed pot-shaped seen from the cross section, which means that they have a recess 12 in its center.
  • Vorzünditch 14 is arranged in the recess 12 of the moving contact 4 .
  • This Vorzünd 14 has a counterpart 42 in the fixed contact 6, which in a closed state, compare FIG. 4 , engages in the pre-ignition contact 14.
  • the Vorzünditchbit 14 preferably does not touch the counterpart 42 to avoid welding.
  • the Vorzündking 14 is connected to a push rod 18 which is introduced through a bore 20 in the contact bottom 22 of the pot-shaped moving contact 4 and is movably mounted there along a switching axis 16. Further, the circuit breaker tube comprises a torque tube 28 which is mechanically coupled by a driver 48 on the contact pin 10 or on the push rod 18 to the movement of the contact pin 10. By this coupling, the translational movement of the moving contact 4 is now effected in the direction of the fixed contact 6.
  • the contact pin 10 moves in FIG. 2 in the view shown upwards, which means in this representation against gravity. It is first moved by the contact pin 10 of the Vorzünd. 14, it being noted that the Vorzünd. 14 has a much lower mass than the system of the moving contact 4 and the torque tube 28. Thus, the Vorzünditch 14 moves in the direction of its counterpart 42 wherein as in FIG. 3 shown, the emergence of the Vorzünd token 14 from a shielding effect of the moving contact 4 and the recess 12, an arc 30 ignites. This movement takes place with a suitable setting in a few milliseconds. So it is possible that after about 1 - 3 milliseconds, an arc current path 32 for conducting an electric current through the arc 30 through the circuit breaker tube.
  • corresponding fast drives are preferred bounce-free drive advantageous, which are not shown here, but are known from the prior art. These in turn can ensure a movement of the VorzündMessagees 14 and a formation of the arc 30 in the said time ranges.
  • a bounce-free drive can be achieved, in particular, by temporarily storing the kinetic energy of the moving contact on impact with the fixed contact in a spring device (not shown here) of the drive unit (hereunder mechanical springs or gas pressure springs).
  • FIG. 4 Now the next step is shown.
  • the contact pin 10 or the entrainment device 48 has now reached the torque tube 28 in its translational movement and pushed the moving contact 4 in the direction of the fixed contact 6, so that the contact surfaces 8 of the contacts 4 and 6 are superimposed and there is a flow of a continuous current .
  • a continuous current path 34 Depending on the application of the circuit breaker tube 2 and depending on the operating situations, faults or short-circuit currents can also flow via the continuous current path 34.
  • FIG. 4 is a Mamastrompfad provided with the reference numeral 34.
  • FIG. 5 shows a step of the opening movement of the circuit breaker tube 2, wherein it can be seen that in a first step the pre-ignition contact 14 with the push rod 18 is withdrawn, in which phase the continuous current path 34 remains and only in a second step Permanent current path 34 is released by opening the moving contact 4. (see FIG. 6 ).
  • a sliding contact not shown here, is preferably provided, which provides an electrical connection between the pre-ignition contact 14 and the moving contact 4 and thus serves to equipotential bonding between these two contacts 4, 14.
  • An alignment along gravity means that the circuit breaker tube 2 and thus especially the switching axis 16 in the direction of gravity F g is aligned, but this also means that the switch tube 2 and the switching axis 16 must be aligned so that at least one force component the force of gravity acts in the direction of the switching axis of the moving contact 4.
  • FIG. 7 Another difference of the vacuum circuit breaker tube 2 according to FIG. 7 opposite to the FIG. 2 is that can be dispensed with a torque tube 28, the function of the torque tube 28 can by the contact pin 10, as in FIG. 7 seen or by an additional driver 48, as in FIG. 10 is shown completed.
  • the contact pin 10 is in direct contact with the push rod 18 of the VorzündMessagees 14 of the analogous to that FIG. 2 is stored in moving contact.
  • FIG. 8 is shown as the VorzündWallet 14 is moved out of the moving contact 4 and thereby ignites an arc 30.
  • the acceleration of the VorzündMines 14 must be relatively high for rapid formation of the arc 30, it should be at least eight times the gravitational acceleration, in a preferred embodiment, the acceleration of the contact pin 10 and thus the VorzündMessagees 14, about thirty times the Acceleration of gravity.
  • FIG. 9 is now analogous to FIG. 4 the circuit breaker tube 2 shown in a closed state, wherein the permanent current-carrying continuous current path 34 has formed.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP18169855.6A 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Tube commutateur à vide Withdrawn EP3561845A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18169855.6A EP3561845A1 (fr) 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Tube commutateur à vide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18169855.6A EP3561845A1 (fr) 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Tube commutateur à vide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3561845A1 true EP3561845A1 (fr) 2019-10-30

Family

ID=62089639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18169855.6A Withdrawn EP3561845A1 (fr) 2018-04-27 2018-04-27 Tube commutateur à vide

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3561845A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115332986A (zh) * 2022-08-08 2022-11-11 浙江聚弘凯电气有限公司 72.5kV海上风电专用环网柜

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB787846A (en) * 1954-08-09 1957-12-18 Era Patents Ltd Improvements relating to high-vacuum electric circuit-breakers
US3261954A (en) * 1965-01-11 1966-07-19 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Current interruption and separation electrode structure for vacuum switching apparatu
US3489873A (en) * 1967-11-06 1970-01-13 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum type circuit interrupter
DE2640923A1 (de) * 1976-09-08 1978-03-09 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltgefaess mit hilfselektroden

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB787846A (en) * 1954-08-09 1957-12-18 Era Patents Ltd Improvements relating to high-vacuum electric circuit-breakers
US3261954A (en) * 1965-01-11 1966-07-19 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Current interruption and separation electrode structure for vacuum switching apparatu
US3489873A (en) * 1967-11-06 1970-01-13 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum type circuit interrupter
DE2640923A1 (de) * 1976-09-08 1978-03-09 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltgefaess mit hilfselektroden

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EATON ELECTRICAL SECTOR: "Eaton Vacuum InterruptionEVITechnology Product Guide", 31 December 2011 (2011-12-31), XP055517721, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:www.eaton.de/ecm/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&allowInterrupt=1&RevisionSelectionMethod=LatestReleased&noSaveAs=0&Rendition=Primary&dDocName=PCT_929424> [retrieved on 20181022] *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115332986A (zh) * 2022-08-08 2022-11-11 浙江聚弘凯电气有限公司 72.5kV海上风电专用环网柜

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