EP3614095A1 - Charge tandem pour un missile - Google Patents

Charge tandem pour un missile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3614095A1
EP3614095A1 EP19193223.5A EP19193223A EP3614095A1 EP 3614095 A1 EP3614095 A1 EP 3614095A1 EP 19193223 A EP19193223 A EP 19193223A EP 3614095 A1 EP3614095 A1 EP 3614095A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
shell
tandem
explosive charge
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19193223.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arnold Werner
Mayr Benedikt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
Original Assignee
TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH filed Critical TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
Publication of EP3614095A1 publication Critical patent/EP3614095A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tandem charge for a missile.
  • tandem loads contain a pre-charge and a main charge, which serves to combat hard target structures, such as bunkers or the like.
  • the pre-charge which is usually provided as a pre-charge, initially creates a deep crater in the target material, into which the main charge penetrates. This "pre-drilling" by means of the pre-hollow charge on the one hand significantly increases the active power of the main charge and on the other hand reduces the risk of slipping from the target at oblique angles of incidence ("ricochet" effect).
  • a pre-charge is designed to be correspondingly large.
  • the DE 36 03 610 C1 describes a tandem shaped charge. Between a pre-shaped charge and a main shaped charge, a fixed protective hood made of steel is proposed, which completely surrounds the main shaped charge and thus provides free space for the formation of sting on the one hand and protection against swaths and fragments on the other hand and the shock wave upon detonation of the pre-shaped charge.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved tandem charge.
  • a tandem charge for a missile.
  • the tandem charge comprises a pre-charge, in particular a pre-charge, and a main charge, which has a shell and an explosive charge received within the shell.
  • the inside of the casing has an introduction element, which is designed to reinforce the introduction of shock waves, which are generated in the casing upon detonation of the precharge, into the explosive charge.
  • the idea on which the present invention is based now consists in specifically introducing or discharging a shock wave coupled into the shell into the explosive charge and thus removing it from the shell. This is achieved by means of the introduction element, which ensures a high transmission of the shock waves into the explosive charge. According to the invention, the transmission amplitude is thus increased.
  • the shock wave thus couples more into the explosive charge and spreads there.
  • This shockwave transmission into the explosive charge divides the shockwave and thereby uselessly loses energy.
  • the explosive charge has a certain damping, which is why Back transmission into the envelope is negligible. The energy remaining in the envelope is thus significantly weakened overall.
  • the main charge can have a wide variety of configurations.
  • the present invention is applicable to main penetrator charges with a penetrator sheath.
  • the sheath has a tip aligned with the precharge and the introduction element is arranged in the region of the tip. Since the largest part of the shock wave is coupled in at the tip, the greatest effect can be achieved here by means of the introduction element.
  • the casing is designed to ensure a flush contact between the casing and the explosive charge for the transmission of the shock waves from the casing into the explosive charge.
  • the explosive charge is designed to ensure a flush contact between the casing and the explosive charge for the transmission of the shock waves from the casing into the explosive charge.
  • Such a design is provided in particular in the area of the introduction element. This serves for transmission, because transmission from the shell into the explosive charge is only possible effectively if there is such a flush contact between the explosive charge and the shell. Without such a contact, for example in the event of an air gap between the explosive charge and the shell, the shock wave can no longer penetrate into the explosive charge and remains trapped in the shell (so-called "shock wave trapping").
  • the "Shock wave trapping" thus prevents effective transmission of the shock wave into the explosive charge. This therefore leads to an increase in the shock wave susceptibility of the explosive charge.
  • the shell has a local compensation cavity, which is designed and arranged in such a way that any gas, in particular air, which is undesirably located within the envelope can be pressed into the compensation cavity by a compression element of the main charge.
  • the explosive charge can also have such a compensation cavity. In this way, the formation of an air gap or air cushion can be effectively avoided, in particular also in the event that the compression element is no longer able to press the air out of the casing. Thus, despite the presence of gases or air, the undesired gap and thus a loss of contact between the shell and the explosive charge is avoided.
  • the compensation cavity is designed as a local recess in the introduction element provided in the region of the tip.
  • the compensation cavity can be designed as a local recess in the explosive charge provided in the region of the tip. Due to the shape of the explosive charge, which generally tends towards the tip, a gas will usually collect in the area of the tip due to the pressure of the compression element. The arrangement of the local recess in the area of the tip thus effectively avoids gas accumulation.
  • the recess is designed as a blind hole or as a groove.
  • it can be a blind hole or groove widening into the material, with an opening to the contact surface between the explosive charge and the shell is smaller than a diameter or a belly of the recess in the material of the introduction element or the explosive charge.
  • the explosive charge has a vent which emanates from the introduction element.
  • the sheath can have a vent which emanates from the introduction element.
  • the vent is in particular a vent groove or a vent channel.
  • the ventilation groove can be provided, for example, on the surface at the interface between the explosive charge and the casing.
  • a ventilation duct can, for example, be passed through the material of the explosive charge or the shell.
  • the vent is designed and arranged in such a way that any gas, in particular air, which is undesirably located inside the envelope can be pressed out of the envelope by a pressure applied with a compression element of the main charge.
  • the ventilation preferably extends from the introduction element in the area of the tip to the rear of the main charge. In this way, the formation of an air gap or air cushion can be effectively avoided.
  • the main charge has a deflagrative ignition system, the ventilation being provided integrated in the deflagrative ignition system.
  • Deflagration is understood to mean a rapid combustion process or a strongly weakened "detonation", in particular weakened by approximately one order of magnitude.
  • Such ignition systems range in particular from the rear of a main charge to the area of a tip of the explosive charge.
  • Such ignition systems in particular run symmetrically centrally in the explosive charge.
  • the ventilation, in particular a ventilation channel can thus be guided from the area of the tip of the explosive charge or the area of the introduction element in the ignition system to the rear of the main charge and thus out of the casing.
  • the introduction element has an inside facing the explosive charge with a blunt geometry in the area of the tip.
  • a blunt geometry in the area of the tip.
  • it is a flattened geometry.
  • the angle at which a shock wave is transmitted from the shell to the explosive charge has a major influence on the amplitude of the coupled shock wave.
  • the transmitted amplitude or transmission amplitude is thus greatly increased and the shock wave susceptibility of the explosive charge is specifically increased. In this way, the amount of shock wave energy that remains in the shell is reduced.
  • the other components of the main charge in particular in the rear area of a penetrator main charge, are thus advantageously protected.
  • the introduction element is formed integrally with the sleeve.
  • the introduction element in particular with its geometry flattened on the inside of the sleeve in the region of the tip, is provided directly in the material of the sleeve. In this way, no additional components are advantageously necessary.
  • the introduction element is designed as an insert arranged between the casing and the explosive charge.
  • the insert is preferably designed to fit the inner shape of the shell so that it complements the shell seamlessly and without gaps.
  • the introduction element can advantageously also be retrofitted for existing casings.
  • the properties of the introduction element, in particular a material of the introduction element can thus be freely set.
  • the insert has a different material from the casing, in particular with a lower density and a lower shock wave impedance.
  • Different materials usually have a different shock wave impedance. This applies in particular to materials with different densities, since the shock wave impedance depends, among other things, on the density of a material. At material transitions, seams or the like, where there is a jump in density in the case of different materials, there are also jumps in impedance. Such jumps in impedance lead to partial transmission and partial reflection of a shock wave.
  • a correspondingly clever choice of material for the insert with the smallest possible impedance difference compared to the shell and the explosive charge, in particular with a lower density and shock wave impedance than the shell, and preferably also a higher density and shock wave impedance than the explosive charge, can therefore transmit the shock wave into the explosive charge promote additionally. This also leads to an increase in the shock wave susceptibility of the explosive charge.
  • the use is designed as a plastic element, in particular as a plastic cap that can be inserted into the casing.
  • a plastic element in particular as a plastic cap that can be inserted into the casing.
  • Such a plastic advantageously has a correspondingly low density and impedance difference to the casing and is therefore particularly suitable.
  • the explosive charge has an initiation threshold that is at least one order of magnitude above the shock wave amplitude of the shock waves that are coupled into the shell when the charge is detonated.
  • the difference is preferably at least a power of ten.
  • the explosive charge is designed as a plastic-bound explosive charge.
  • Such explosive charges advantageously have very high initiation thresholds, in particular in the range from 10 to 100 kbar or from several tens kbar.
  • a cap which is placed on the tip of the casing and is designed to reject shock waves which arise when the precharge is detonated.
  • the properties of the tip can be freely modified without having to take into account the boundary conditions that apply to the configuration of the tip.
  • a shape or geometry and a material selection of the cap can thus be selected in an optimized manner for shock rejection.
  • coupling of the shock wave into the casing is effectively reduced, so that only a weakened shock wave couples into the casing from the outset.
  • the cap advantageously requires only a small space and does not require any change in the main charge itself.
  • the main charge is therefore advantageously not subject to any restrictions on the power side and in terms of functionality.
  • the main charge is designed as a penetrator charge and the casing is provided as a penetrator casing with a tip correspondingly shaped as a penetrator tip. Since a penetration performance of a penetrator essentially depends on the shape of the penetrator tip, this cannot generally be subjected to any geometrical changes in order to reject the shock. This can be counteracted by keeping the tip of the penetrator unchanged and still optimizing the shock resistance thanks to the cap Detonation of the subpoena is made possible. It is thus achieved that the shock wave can only get into the shell to a greatly reduced extent.
  • the cap has an acute end with a shape tapering at an acute angle compared to an angle of the tip.
  • a significantly smaller part in particular in accordance with the product of the incident shock wave with the sine of the angle of incidence, is transmitted from the incident shock wave into the envelope than at an obtuse angle, the sine of which would be significantly larger.
  • the rest of the shock wave not transmitted into the shell then slides along the cap or shell without transmission.
  • the cap has a different material than the sleeve.
  • Different materials usually have a different shock wave impedance. This applies in particular to materials with different densities, since the shock wave impedance depends, among other things, on the density of a material. At material transitions, seams or the like, where there is a jump in density in the case of different materials, there are also jumps in impedance. Such jumps in impedance lead to partial transmission and partial reflection of the shock wave.
  • Appropriately clever material selection of the cap with the greatest possible difference in impedance of the cap compared to the sheath, in particular with a higher density and shock wave impedance than the tip can therefore additionally reduce the shock wave transmission into the sheath.
  • the cap contains a heavy metal.
  • it can be a heavy tungsten metal.
  • a high density and thus a compared to the usually metallic Envelope provided high shock wave impedance which advantageously creates an impedance jump at the material transition and thus helps to reduce the transmission of a shock wave in the shell.
  • the cap is designed in such a way that it breaks when a shock wave generated when the precharge is detonated is rejected, so that the tip of the casing is exposed.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by using a brittle material and / or one or more predetermined breaking points of the material.
  • the tip of the envelope is released after the shock wave has been rejected.
  • the cap contains a sintered material, in particular sintered heavy metal.
  • tungsten heavy metal which is designed to be so brittle that it is disassembled when the shock wave is rejected.
  • the material properties can be adjusted in the sintering process.
  • the material can be made specifically brittle by setting the sinter matrix proportions and sintering times.
  • the proportions of the tungsten material can be more than 90%, in particular in a range from 90% to 98%, and only the rest can be provided as a matrix, for example containing nickel and / or iron.
  • suitable sintering times can range from 4 to 8 hours.
  • deviations are possible depending on the process conditions, such as pressure and temperature.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a tandem charge 1 according to the invention.
  • a missile 10 is only symbolized here in sections and can be executed in a variety of ways. For example, it can be a missile of various types.
  • the tandem charge 1 has a precharge 2 and a main charge 3.
  • the pre-charge 2, which is only shown schematically, is in particular a pre-charge, although other types of pre-charge are also conceivable.
  • the main charge 3, which is shown only in sections and schematically, can be, for example, a penetrator main charge, although other types of main charge, for example a main hollow charge, are also conceivable.
  • the main charge 3 has a shell 4 and an explosive charge 11 received within the shell.
  • the shell 4 has an introduction element 12 on the inside, which is designed to reinforce the introduction into the shell 4 of the shock waves that are coupled into the shell 4 when the precharge 2 is detonated.
  • An initiation threshold of the explosive charge 11 is provided to be much higher than a possible amplitude of a shock wave triggered by the precharge.
  • the explosive charge 11 preferably has an initiation threshold which is at least one order of magnitude above the shock wave amplitude of the shock waves which are coupled into the shell 4 and which occur when the precharge 2 is detonated.
  • the initiation threshold is more than a power of ten above the shock wave amplitude.
  • shock wave amplitudes are on the order of 1 kbar.
  • Typical initiation thresholds of modern plastic-bound explosive charges are several 10 kbar.
  • An increased introduction of a shock wave by means of the introduction element 12 into the explosive charge 11 is thus not critical for the explosive charge 11 and advantageously relieves the load on the casing 4 and the further components of the main charge connected to it.
  • Fig. 2 10 shows an example penetrator tandem charge 100.
  • the action mechanism of shock waves upon detonation of a precharge 2 is explained purely by way of example using this tandem penetrator charge 100.
  • the main charge 103 is designed here as a penetrator charge and the precharge 102 as a shaped charge.
  • a penetrator tip 105 faces the precharge 102. It is comparatively blunt because this is necessary for optimal penetration performance.
  • a penetrator sleeve 104 extends from the tip to a rear closure thread 106, in which a closure 109 with a securing device SE and an ignition system ZS are installed.
  • a compression element 101 for compressing the explosive charge 111 is also provided between the closure 109 and the explosive charge 111 of the penetrator charge 103.
  • the pre-charge 102 in this example is conventional as a pre-charge with a shaped charge cone 110 and an explosive arranged behind it 112 and ignition system 108, as is known per se to the person skilled in the art and requires no further explanation.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the transmission of shock waves 107 into the sheath 104 upon detonation of the precharge 102.
  • shock waves 107 are coupled into the penetrator casing 104 via the air as a side effect.
  • the shape of the nose also significantly influences the penetration capacity of a main penetrator charge 103, so that the shape of the tip 5 can hardly be changed, at least for main penetrator charges.
  • shock waves 107 run further backward in the penetrator sheath 104, are reflected there and hit the thread 106 and the closure 109 or the safety device SE and the ignition system ZS.
  • a certain proportion of the shock waves 107 is transmitted from the shell into the explosive charge 111.
  • the amount of this portion depends on several factors, in particular on whether there is a continuously flush contact between the explosive charge 111 and the shell 104 and also significantly on the geometry at the interface between the shell 104 and the explosive charge 111, in particular in the area of the tip 105
  • the transmittance also depends on the difference in impedance present at the interface, ie on the difference the shock wave impedance of the materials of the shell 104 and the explosive charge 111.
  • shock waves 107 'transported into the explosive charge 111 are distributed over the comparatively large volume of the explosive charge 111 and are also damped therein. This results in a slower propagation of the shock waves 107 'in the explosive charge 111.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a main charge 3 according to an embodiment.
  • the main charge 3 accordingly has a shell 4 with a tip 5 aligned with the precharge 2. Furthermore, an introduction element 13 is provided in this embodiment.
  • the introduction element 13 is formed integrally, that is to say in one piece, with the sheath 4. It is arranged in the area of the tip 5 on an inner side of the shell 4 facing the explosive charge 11 and has a geometry which is bluntly flattened in the area of the tip.
  • the flattened shape of the geometry can be seen from the conventional geometry drawn in with dashed lines.
  • the sheath 4 in the area of the tip 5 has a parabolic shape on the inside in the longitudinal section shown here and accordingly has a high curvature in a central area.
  • this central region is flattened and thus has no or only a minimal curvature. In this way it is achieved that an angle of arrival of the sleeve 4 in the area of the tip transmitted shock waves for an introduction to the explosive charge 11 is much cheaper. In this way, the proportion of the shock waves transmitted into the explosive charge 11 is advantageously increased.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a main charge 3 according to a further embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 This embodiment differs from Fig. 4 in that an additional introduction element 14 is provided here, which is designed as an insert arranged between the actual casing 4 and the explosive charge 11. In particular, it is a cap inserted into the casing.
  • the insert 14 can be seen to be completely adapted to the inner shape of the shell 4 and changes the original geometry on the inside of the shell 4 in a manner which leads to a blunt shape. In this way, a curvature in the center is greatly reduced here.
  • the curvature of the inside around the center is kept essentially constant in the area of the insert.
  • other types of blunt geometries would also be possible.
  • the insert 14 could also be designed in the manner of an insert element 13 Fig. 4 be flattened.
  • shock wave transmission into the explosive charge 11 can thus be increased optionally or in addition to geometric measures.
  • the insert 14 therefore preferably has a material with a lower density and a lower shock wave impedance compared to the casing 4. In this way, the portion of a shock wave coupled into the explosive charge 11 can be increased further.
  • the shell 4 of a main charge is generally formed from a metal.
  • the insert 14 can therefore be designed as a plastic element, in particular as a plastic cap.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of a main charge 3 according to yet another embodiment.
  • the casing 4 is designed in a special way to ensure a flush contact between the casing 4 and the explosive charge 11 for the transmission of the shock waves from the casing 4 into the explosive charge 11.
  • the sleeve 4 cooperates with its special design with a compression element 17.
  • the compression element 17 is prestressed via a thread 18 and a closure 19 of the casing 4, so that the explosive charge 11 is pressed into the casing 4 to avoid a gap between the explosive charge 11 and the casing 4.
  • the bias serves in particular to compensate for any age-related shrinkage of the explosive charge 11.
  • the inlet element 16 of the shell 4 has a local compensation cavity 15 for receiving such a gas.
  • the equalization cavity 15 is designed and arranged in such a way that any gas that is undesirably located within the shell 4 is pressed into the equalization cavity 15 by the compression element 17 of the main charge 3.
  • the compensation cavity 15 is therefore designed as a local recess in the introduction element 16 provided in the region of the tip 5, here in the form of a blind hole drilled in the casing 4, for example.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a main charge 3 according to a further embodiment.
  • the explosive charge 11 is designed to ensure a flush contact between the casing 4 and the explosive charge 11 for the transmission of the shock waves from the casing 4 into the explosive charge 11. Accordingly, a compensation cavity 15 is provided here in the explosive charge 11. This is provided here in the form of a plurality of local recesses in the explosive charge 11, which in the embodiment shown are designed, for example, as grooves made on the surface of the explosive charge 11.
  • compensation cavities 15 are also conceivable in other embodiments, in particular in the form of channels, slots or recesses with a smaller opening diameter and a larger belly, blind holes or the like in the material of the explosive charge 11 in the explosive charge 11.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of a main charge according to a further embodiment.
  • vent 20 is provided here instead of the compensation cavity.
  • the vent 20 extends here, for example, as a vent channel within the explosive charge 11 from the introduction element 16 going as far as into the rear of the main charge 3 and ensures that any gas, in particular air, which is undesirably located within the casing 4 can be pressed out of the casing 4 by a pressure applied with the compression element 17 of the main charge 3.
  • the ventilation channel is integrated in a so-called deflagrative ignition system, which is provided for igniting the main charge 3.
  • deflagrative ignition systems are known per se to the person skilled in the art and offer the possibility of switching between a classic ignition with a detonation or a deflagration.
  • the deflagrative ignition system 21 here extends from a rear of the main charge located behind the compression element to a tip of the explosive charge 11 and thus to the introduction element 16 of the shell 4.
  • the vent 20 is now an integrated channel or as a kind Trachea trained.
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of a main load 3 with cap 6.
  • This embodiment of a main charge is based on the embodiment of FIG Fig. 4 ,
  • a cap 6 is placed on the tip 5 of the sheath 4, which cap is designed to reject shock waves generated when the precharge 2 is detonated.
  • the conflict of objectives of the nose shape of the main charge 3 can be resolved with the cap 6 in the case of a penetrator main charge.
  • the cap 6 enables additional measures for shock wave damping which can include both geometric measures and measures in the material combination.
  • the cap has a pointed end 7 and a recess 8 shaped corresponding to the tip 5. It preferably contains a material with high density, in particular significantly higher density than the casing, for example a heavy metal.
  • Fig. 10 shows a detailed view of the cap according to Fig. 9 achieved geometrical measures for shock rejection.
  • this On the other side of the cap 6, this has a recess 8 which is designed to taper according to the shape of the tip 5.
  • the tapered end 7 of the cap 6 runs at an angle ⁇ which is more acute than the depression 8.
  • a bi-conical tip 5 of the shell 4 is outlined, the cap 6 covering only the first front cone 9A and the second rear cone 9B remains free.
  • the cap 6 always producing a more acute angle.
  • shock wave rejection can also be achieved by a clever choice of material for the cap 6.
  • the cap 6 therefore preferably has a different material than the sheath 4.
  • the cap can have a material with a significantly higher density and a higher shock wave impedance.
  • the cap 6 can contain copper or a heavy metal.
  • WSM tungsten heavy metal
  • tungsten heavy metal have much higher densities of up to approx. 18 g / cm 3 compared to copper (density of 8.9 g / cm 3 ).
  • they have a further advantage which consists in the fact that tungsten heavy metal is produced by sintering. The sintering process allows material properties to be set that can be adapted to a large extent to the required conditions.
  • the cap 6 can therefore advantageously be designed in such a way that it breaks when a shock wave arising when the precharge 2 is detonated is rejected, so that the tip 5 of the sheath 4 is exposed. In this way, an impairment of the penetration performance of a penetrator charge is avoided.
  • This can be set, for example, if the cap 6 is a sintered material, in particular contains sintered heavy metal, preferably tungsten heavy metal, which is designed to be so brittle that it is disassembled when the shock wave is rejected.
  • the material can be made specifically brittle, for example by setting the sinter matrix proportions, in particular 90-98% tungsten in a matrix containing nickel, iron, etc.
  • cap 6 In addition, composite or alternating material combinations of the cap 6 are also possible.
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic representation of a main load 3 with cap 6 according to a further embodiment.
  • This embodiment is based on a main charge 3 according to Fig. 6 , Otherwise, it is the same as in relation to 9 and 10 described provided with a cap 6.
  • the embodiment shown here thus differs from Fig. 9 through the insert 14 inserted between the explosive charge 11 and the actual casing 4.
  • the geometry can additionally contribute to an increased transmission of shock waves into the explosive charge 11 due to the material selection of the insert 14.
  • the shock wave impedance of the insert 14 is preferably between that of the casing 4 and the explosive charge 11, as in relation to FIG Fig. 12 explained in more detail.
  • Fig. 12 shows a diagram of the shock wave pressure curve over the particle velocity for different material combinations.
  • the shell 4 is assumed to be metal M, for which purpose a metal curve M based on the impedance of metal is shown.
  • the cap 6 is assumed to be heavy metal SM, for which purpose a heavy metal curve SM based on the impedance is also shown.
  • a material curve for plastic K for the insert 14 and a material curve PBX for a plastic-bound explosive of the explosive charge 11 are shown.
  • An air shock wave L striking the material always has the same shock wave pressure and the same particle velocity as the material at the point of impact, so that with each material curve there is a hypothetical or actual intersection with the reflected air shock wave L '.
  • the actual point of intersection a or A with the heavy metal SM forms the starting point for the analysis plotted in the diagram.
  • Example 1 can be tracked via the impedance jumps with the intersections a -> b -> c (SM '-> M' -> PBX). At point c, this results in a lower pressure p (1) coupled into the explosive charge PBX.
  • the second example 2) with the additional insert made of plastic K results analogously to A -> B -> C -> D (SM '-> M' -> K '-> PBX) with a pressure p present at the explosive charge PBX (2), which is higher in comparison with p (1).
  • the smaller jumps in impedance compared to b-> c in the material transitions B -> C and C -> D were used in this way.
  • the coupling of a shock wave from the casing 4 into the explosive charge 11 is thus increased by the material or plastic of the insert is selected such that the shock wave impedance lies between that of the shell 4 or its metal M and the explosive charge 11 or its explosive PBX.
  • a selection of materials for the other components can also be coordinated in this regard.
  • the choice and nature of a plastic binder could make a plastic-bound one Explosive PBX of the explosive charge 11 influences the shock wave impedance in this regard, in particular increases it.
  • the measures shown in the individual exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another.
  • the recesses can be combined.
  • the recesses could instead of in the shell 4 or in the explosive charge 11 also in the insert 14 according to the embodiment Fig. 5 be provided.
  • each of the embodiments is also according to Figure 1 to 8 can be combined with the cap 6, in particular also the embodiments according to 6 and 7 ,
  • the shape of the tip 5 of the sheath 4 and, accordingly, the shape of the depression 8 of the cap 6 are not fixed to the illustrated embodiments.
  • the invention can also provide a rounded tip 4 and a correspondingly shaped recess 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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EP19193223.5A 2018-08-24 2019-08-23 Charge tandem pour un missile Pending EP3614095A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018006741.7A DE102018006741B4 (de) 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Tandem-Ladung für einen Flugkörper

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EP3614095A1 true EP3614095A1 (fr) 2020-02-26

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FR2672380A1 (fr) * 1983-08-18 1992-08-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Charge formee a hautes performances.
DE3603610C1 (de) 1986-02-06 1997-07-10 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Flugkörper mit einer Tandemladung
EP0950870A2 (fr) * 1998-04-18 1999-10-20 DaimlerChrysler AG Charge militaire à effet multiple
EP1531316A1 (fr) * 2003-11-11 2005-05-18 RUAG Munition Structure d'un projectile
EP2327952A1 (fr) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-01 Nexter Munitions Tête militaire à charges en tandem

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DE4223143A1 (de) 1991-08-16 1993-02-18 Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun Verfahen zur verbesserung der mechanischen beanspruchbarkeit von hochbeschleunigten und/oder schockwellen unterworfenen munitionskoerpern, insbesondere solche mit hohlladungen sowie dessen anwendung
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Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063512A (en) * 1966-10-05 1977-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Armor penetrating projectile
FR2672380A1 (fr) * 1983-08-18 1992-08-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Charge formee a hautes performances.
DE3603610C1 (de) 1986-02-06 1997-07-10 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Flugkörper mit einer Tandemladung
EP0950870A2 (fr) * 1998-04-18 1999-10-20 DaimlerChrysler AG Charge militaire à effet multiple
EP1531316A1 (fr) * 2003-11-11 2005-05-18 RUAG Munition Structure d'un projectile
EP2327952A1 (fr) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-01 Nexter Munitions Tête militaire à charges en tandem

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DE102018006741B4 (de) 2022-06-15

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