EP3618982A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée et machine de pliage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée et machine de pliage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Info

Publication number
EP3618982A1
EP3618982A1 EP18721756.7A EP18721756A EP3618982A1 EP 3618982 A1 EP3618982 A1 EP 3618982A1 EP 18721756 A EP18721756 A EP 18721756A EP 3618982 A1 EP3618982 A1 EP 3618982A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
camera
bent
workpiece
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18721756.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe-Peter Weigmann
Volker Kalkau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wafios AG
Original Assignee
Wafios AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wafios AG filed Critical Wafios AG
Publication of EP3618982A1 publication Critical patent/EP3618982A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/024—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/08—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes by passing between rollers or through a curved die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/12—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes with program control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/14—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes combined with measuring of bends or lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • B21F1/006—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire in 3D with means to rotate the tools about the wire axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a bent part according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a bending machine for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • Preferred field of application is the bending of wire or tubes.
  • the movements of machine axes of a bending machine are controlled by means of a control device in order to be connected to the workpiece, for example a wire, a pipe, a pipe or a rod of round, flat or profiled material to produce one or more permanent bends by plastic forming.
  • the workpiece is reshaped by means of a bending machine having a bending head having a rotatable bending tool for engaging a first portion of the workpiece to be bent, its orientation opposite a second portion not to be bent by the bending operation to be permanently changed by plastic deformation.
  • the orientation of the second section should remain essentially unchanged during the bending process.
  • the rotatable bending tool is rotatable about a bending axis by means of a bending drive controlled by a control device.
  • the bending axis is the axis of rotation of the rotary bending tool of the bending head.
  • the bending plane runs perpendicular to the bending axis. The bending operation produces a flat bend on the workpiece parallel to the bending plane.
  • the rotatable bending tool may, for example, comprise a bending pin, which is applied for bending at a position at a distance from the bending axis on one side of the portion to be bent. Bending pins are used, for example, for wire bending.
  • the rotatable bending tool can also have a clamping device for clamping the end section. Such clamping devices are often used when bending pipes by means of rotary draw bending.
  • a workpiece section to be provided with a bend is first brought into a starting position in the engagement region of the bending head. If prefabricated, already cut to length individual workpieces are to be bent, they can be inserted into the bending machine for this purpose. This procedure can be provided, for example, with pipes of larger diameter. It is also possible to move from a longer workpiece supply a workpiece portion of suitable length by a Zubuchroperation parallel to a feed direction to the starting position. This procedure is common in wire bending and can also be provided when bending thinner pipes.
  • the workpiece portion to be bent has a first portion to be bent and a second portion which is not to be bent, and between these portions is the portion in which the bend is to be produced.
  • the workpiece portion is usually largely straight prior to the bending operation, so that the first and second portions are nominally straight and aligned with each other.
  • the rotatable bending tool is brought into contact with the first portion to be bent.
  • This may vary depending on the construction of the machine, e.g. by applying a bending pin on one side to the first section to be bent, or by clamping the first section to be bent by means of a tensioning device, e.g. the first section to be bent is fixed between a clamping jaw of the clamping device and a bending mold.
  • the outer contour of the bending mold can stabilize the inner contour of the bend and specify their radius exactly. A bending operation without bending form is also possible.
  • the relative orientation of the first portion to be bent over the second portion not to be bent is usually described by the "bending angle.”
  • the bending angle is defined as the angle between the extended center axes of the second portion and the first portion In the idealized case, this corresponds to the angle of rotation which a rotatable bending tool has to cover in order to produce the desired bend in order to produce a bend or bend in a straight workpiece section by deformation and to change the orientation of the first section
  • Bending radius are characterized, wherein the bending radius is the radius of curvature of a circular arc portion of the bend. Bending radius and bending angle are typical geometric parameters for characterizing bends of such molded parts.
  • the bent first portion When bending metallic materials, the bent first portion usually springs back after a bending process due to the elastic-plastic material behavior by a certain angular amount, which is usually referred to as springback angle.
  • the springback is usually compensated by the fact that the workpiece is over-bent during the bending operation beyond the desired bending angle desired for the finished bent part. Attempts are made to control the extent of overbending, which can be described by the overbending angle, so that the desired setpoint bending angle is present after springback.
  • the aim is generally to control the bending process so that deviations between the desired bending angles and actual bending angles actually generated and possible scattering of the bending angles in successively produced bends of similar bends on similar workpieces are as low as possible stay.
  • DE 10 2009 003 950 A1 (corresponding to US Pat. No. 7,584,637) describes a method for bending a metal object and a bending machine suitable therefor, which has a measuring device which serves to measure actual bending coordinates of the bent metal objects. Based on the measurement, a subsequent bending process can be controlled.
  • a measuring device a camera is provided in an embodiment for tube bending, which is arranged above the bending plane at a distance from the bending axis in an area in which the center line of the bent first portion of a pipe is expected after the bending operation.
  • DE 10 2015 208 350 B3 discloses a method in which actual bending angles are determined by means of a camera-based measuring system prior to the productive production of formed parts, which are used in an automatic characteristic determination operation in order to obtain a Determine characteristic that represents a functional relationship between a desired geometry parameter of the molded part (eg, a desired bending angle) and a to be set to achieve the target geometry parameter delivery of the geometry parameter influencing forming tool (eg rotation angle of a rotatable bending tool).
  • the forming machine can then be controlled during productive operation using the determined characteristic curve.
  • the described leg spring machine has a measuring system with a camera which is mounted so that its image field can detect a part of the currently fabricated molded part or the entire molded part immediately after exiting the wire feeder before the molded part is separated from supplied wire.
  • the measurement can be carried out with transmitted light and / or incident light.
  • the invention provides a method having the features of claim 1 and a bending machine having the features of claim 9.
  • Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims. The wording of all claims is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a workpiece section to be provided with a bend is first brought into a starting position in the engagement region of the bending head.
  • the workpiece has a first portion to be bent, which is to be bent relative to a second portion not to be bent over in this bending operation or changed with regard to its orientation.
  • the bending tool is brought into contact with the first section at a contact point lying at a distance from the bending axis or in a contact region lying at a distance from the bending axis.
  • a bend is created between the non-bending second portion and the first portion.
  • an angle measurement value is determined, which represents the bending angle generated by the bending operation.
  • a special feature of the method is that a field of view is captured with the camera, which contains the bending head, and that image information is evaluated from the image field for determining the angle measured value.
  • the camera is arranged with respect to the bending head such that the bending head is permanently in the field of view of the camera before, during and after the bending operation.
  • a measurement can be performed directly on the forming process in the bending plane. A measurement is possible in the immediate vicinity of the bend to be generated.
  • the operation of the bending machine can be controlled in dependence on the at least one angle measured value. Based on the angle measurements, e.g. Actual bending angle to be detected to determine by evaluating the values, whether they are within the allowable tolerances. Bending parts that are out of tolerance can be sorted out if necessary. Preferably, alternatively or additionally, tendencies can be determined to control the bending process in subsequently generated bends. If necessary, the control can already intervene proactively if a measured angle measured value or a sequence of angle measured values are still within the tolerances, but indicate significantly that the bending angles are moving in the direction of a tolerance limit. It may also be possible to "bend" again.
  • the camera can always remain in the same position (camera position) regardless of the size of the bending angle to be created. It is not necessary to change the position of the camera if, after a series of bends at a first bend angle, a series of bends having a different second bend angle are to be created. Different bending angles can be measured with the same camera position, a new setting of the camera position is not required.
  • the camera can therefore be permanently installed in a suitably selected camera position.
  • the camera position can be so coaxial with the bending axis, that an optical axis of the optics of the camera system coincides with the bending axis. This makes calibration of the measuring system particularly easy. A calibration may also be omitted. However, such an arrangement is not mandatory.
  • the camera position can also be such that the camera detects the area around the bending head obliquely to the bending axis.
  • a corresponding calibration for example with a calibration template, equally accurate measured values can be achieved.
  • the procedure is such that, after a bending operation, the bent workpiece is relieved of load by a reverse rotation of the bending tool directed counter to the bending direction, before a measurement is carried out on the bent workpiece.
  • the springback has no influence on the measurement result.
  • the relief can be carried out so that the bending tool remains in largely force-free contact with the first section. As a result, any vibrations of the first section during the measurement can be damped or avoided, whereby the measurement accuracy can be improved.
  • a measuring operation is preferably carried out such that the first section is optically scanned on at least one measuring point remote from the bending axis and that the angle measured value is determined using position data of the measuring point in the image field. For example, a light-dark transition between a contour of the first section and the background behind the first section as viewed from the camera can be used as the measuring point.
  • Position data can be used together with the position data of the measuring point for the determination of the angle measured value, optionally together with information about the diameter of the workpiece. For example, after determining the first measuring point or the first measuring point, starting from this point, a tangent can be calculated on the outer radius of the bending mandrel. The point of intersection of this tangent on the bending mandrel determines a second measuring point, so that a first auxiliary line for angle determination running parallel to the first section is defined by the two measuring points.
  • first section it is also possible to optically touch the first section at at least two measuring points lying at different distances from the bending axis and to determine the orientation of the first section and therefrom the angle measured values using the position data determined thereby.
  • straight line determines through the points a first auxiliary line for the angle measurement.
  • a balance line can be calculated through all points, which then defines the auxiliary line for the first angle measurement.
  • a first auxiliary line is calculated using the position data of the measuring point, which represents the orientation of the first section in the bending plane
  • a second auxiliary line representing the orientation of the second section in the bending plane
  • the angle value is calculated from an angle between the first auxiliary line and the second auxiliary line.
  • the guides may be parallel to or coincident with the centerlines of the first section and the second section. Then the bending angle directly corresponds to the angle between the first and the second auxiliary line.
  • At least one measuring point on the first section and at least one measuring point on the second section are touched in a measuring operation.
  • particularly high measuring accuracies can be achieved, in particular if the two measuring points are touched simultaneously.
  • the influence of any vibrations of the camera when working bending machine can be reduced to the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the orientation of the second section is determined by a measurement.
  • a second auxiliary line without measurement on the second section is determined from a desired orientation of the second section. This may be sufficient in particular in those methods in which the supplied workpiece material is fed to the bending head by means of a feed device in a feed direction.
  • the precision of the measurement is improved by using a bright-dark transition between a contour of the first section and a contrast-increasing background on the side of the first section facing away from the camera as the measuring point.
  • the first section can be illuminated by means of a backlight, at least for performing a measurement of the side facing away from the camera.
  • the backlight can be active or passive.
  • the bending machine can for this purpose a background illumination device for providing a contrast-increasing Background on the side facing away from the camera of the bending plane and the first portion.
  • an element of the background illumination device at least partially encloses the bending head, so that the bending head is surrounded over a part of its circumference or over the entire circumference by a contrast-increasing background.
  • at least that peripheral portion should be provided with a contrast-enhancing background in which the end position of the first portion after a bending operation is expected, preferably in all bending operations that can be performed by the bending machine.
  • An enclosing angle may be 90 ° or more, more preferably 180 ° or more and / or 250 ° or more.
  • the contrast-increasing background may, for example, have the shape of a ring or a ring segment or a C-shape.
  • the backlighting device includes a light box having one or more light sources behind a translucent diffusing plate.
  • an active background lighting can be provided with a bright, homogeneously luminous surface.
  • the plate can for example consist of frosted glass or be designed as an opaque plastic plate, which is translucent, but opaque (opaque).
  • the background illumination device prefferably has a diffuse reflector at least partially enclosing the bending head on the side of the bending plane facing away from the camera and at least one light source for illuminating the reflector on the side of the camera.
  • a diffuse reflector at least partially enclosing the bending head on the side of the bending plane facing away from the camera and at least one light source for illuminating the reflector on the side of the camera.
  • an active backlight using a light box or the like.
  • a reflector may also be provided in addition to an active backlight, for example as an annular reflector which directly surrounds the bending head. Since the reflector does not require any electrically active components and no electrical connections, this solution is particularly robust and also particularly cost-effective.
  • a reflector can be easily replaced if necessary against another reflector, for example for the purpose of cleaning.
  • Fig. 1 shows an oblique perspective view of a bending machine according to a
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a section of the bending machine of Figure 1 in the direction parallel to the bending axis of the bending head.
  • Fig. 3 shows an oblique perspective view of the bending head of the bending machine
  • FIG. 4 shows in FIG. 4A a section of the screen of an operating unit of FIG
  • Fig. 5 shows in Fig. 5A a diagonal perspective partial view of another
  • Embodiment which uses a diffuse reflector as part of a background illumination device, and in Figure 5B is a plan view of the reflector.
  • Fig. 1 shows an oblique perspective front view of the single-head bending machine.
  • the bending machine 100 is designed as a wire bending machine to provide an elongated workpiece 110 in the form of a wire, preferably round in cross section, by cold working with one or more bends in one or more bending planes. It is also possible to bend wires with a flat or profiled cross-section.
  • the bending machine 100 has a rectangular machine coordinate system MK identified by lowercase letters x, y and z with a vertical z axis. Axis and horizontal x and y axes. In the example shown, the x-axis is parallel to the workpiece axis 1 12 of the not yet bent workpiece.
  • the coordinate axes have to be distinguished from the machine axes, which are driven in a controlled manner, which are each denoted by capital letters (eg A, C, etc.).
  • All drives for the machine axes are electrically connected to a (not shown) control device, which includes, among other things, the power supply for the drives, a central computer unit and storage units. With the aid of the control software active in the control software, the movements of all machine axes are variably controlled to produce a coordinated movement of the elements involved in the bending process.
  • a display and operating unit connected to the control device serves as an interface to the machine operator.
  • an initially straight workpiece section is brought into a starting position in the engagement region of the bending head 180.
  • the workpiece is often already in cut-to-size form as a prefabricated workpiece prior to bending and is inserted manually or mechanically into the bending machine.
  • a longer workpiece supply (coil) is often used. This is the case in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the bending machine has for this purpose a in Fig. 1 not visible, equipped with feed rollers collection device, the successive wire sections of a wire supply and possibly guided by an optional straightening wire with numerically controlled feed rate profile in the horizontal direction (parallel to the x-direction) in the Pull the area of the bending head 180 or can feed.
  • the wire is passed through the outlet side through a tubular wire guide 108 and exits in the horizontal feed direction.
  • the feed (the retraction movement) is stopped when the wire reaches a home position.
  • the linear machine axis for the supply is referred to as C-axis, it has a motor, not shown.
  • the wire emerges from the front end of the wire guide 108 as it is fed, thereafter passes through the region of a cutter 150 into the engagement region of the bending head 180.
  • the bending head 180 has an inner tool part 182 which is stationary during the bending operation and has a cylindrical outer contour in plan view (see FIG.
  • This tool part carries at its top a plurality of interchangeable bending mandrels of different diameters, one of which (the used mandrel 183) can be brought into a working position in the vicinity of the workpiece axis to serve as internal support of the workpiece portion during the bending operation.
  • the outer diameter of the used bending mandrel 183 determines the bending radius of the bend to be generated, ie the radius of curvature of the bend.
  • the bending head 180 has a bending tool 184 which is rotatable relative to the inner tool part and which is intended to laterally engage a first portion 1 10-1 of the workpiece to be bent over.
  • the bending tool 184 carries on its upper side a bending pin 186 and is rotatable about a bending axis 185 by means of a bending drive controlled by the control device.
  • the orientation of the bending axis determines the orientation of the bending plane, which is orthogonal to the bending axis and the workpiece axis 1 contains 12.
  • the bending head 180 is pivotable as a whole about an axis extending parallel to the x-axis, so that the bending axis 185 can be selectively aligned vertically (parallel to the z-direction) or obliquely to an inclined position.
  • the tool elements of the bending head are mounted in a solid support which is guided in arcuate guides on the front wall of the machine base 102.
  • a metallic table top 192 of a support table 190 is mounted, the flat top in each position of the bending head is slightly below the level of the workpiece axis 1 12.
  • the support table serves as a support for the projecting beyond the bending head portions of a molding and as a slide over the finished bent bending parts can slide laterally after separation from the supply of material in a collection container.
  • circular segment-shaped recess 195 On the side facing the cutting device 150 side of the table top 192 is open to the cutting device, circular segment-shaped recess 195 whose circular arc-shaped inner edge 196 extends over more than 180 ° and which is concentric to the bending axis.
  • the bending axis is thus in the middle of the recess.
  • the bending machine is equipped with a camera-based optical measurement system 200 for non-contact, real-time acquisition of data about the geometry of a currently manufactured bend portion or portion thereof.
  • the measuring system has a digital camera 250, which can deliver images or image sequences via an interface to a connected image processing system.
  • the image capture of each frame is over Trigger signals (trigger) of the controller triggered.
  • the software for image processing is housed in a program module, which cooperates with the control device of the bending machine and is integrated in this.
  • the camera 250 is mounted at a distance above the table top 192 at a fixed camera position such that its rectangular image field 252 (image capture area) completely captures the area of the flexure head 180 and the recess 195 surrounding it.
  • the distance to the table top may be on the order of several tens of centimeters or one meter or more. Due to the arrangement and size of the image field, the camera can prevent bending of the workpiece section to be bent in its initial position in the engagement region of the bending head 180 and after the bending process, the region of the bend between a coming from the wire guide, not umzubiegenden second section 1 10- 2 and a bent first section 1 10-1 capture.
  • a solid gallows-shaped support 210 is provided which is fixedly mounted to the machine base 102 and carries a multi-articulated arm 212 at the free end of which the camera 250 is mounted.
  • a freestanding support not associated with the machine, e.g. a "C-shaped" carrier to use.
  • the position of the camera or the alignment of the optical axis of the camera system with respect to the bending head 180 can be set exactly.
  • a once set camera position is retained. As a rule, it does not have to be changed when changing between different bending processes (different geometries of the bent parts).
  • the camera can be placed at a different fixed camera position.
  • the optical axis of the camera may be coaxial with the bending axis 185. However, this is not mandatory. Even an oblique arrangement is possible.
  • a calibration of the measuring system is performed before starting the measuring operations in order to establish a relationship between coordinates of the machine coordinate system MK and coordinates of the measuring system 200. This allows position data from points in the image field to be converted into position data in space.
  • the metering system includes a backlight 260 for providing a contrast enhancing background on the camera 250 opposite side of the camera Bending plane. Details of the background illumination device can be seen particularly well in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the background illumination device 260 has a light box 262, which is mounted opposite the underside of the table top in the region of the bending head 180 and encloses it over a circumferential angle of more than 180 °.
  • the light box 262 has a flat, opaque metal housing in which numerous light sources in the form of light emitting diodes are arranged distributed.
  • At the back of the table top facing top is an opaque, diffusing plate 264 attached.
  • the outer contour of the light box is rectangular.
  • the light box on the side facing the cutting device has a circular segment-shaped recess 265 whose inner diameter is about 5 to 10 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 195 of the table top.
  • the light box is mounted so that the center of the recess approximately coincides with the bending axis 185. From the perspective of the camera (see Fig. 2), the backlit panel 264 of the light box is seen as a C-shaped ring between the inner edge 196 of the recess 195 and the bending head.
  • This ring segment-shaped, actively homogeneously illuminable background encloses the bending head over about 270 ° and thus so far that for all achievable with the bending machine bending angle on the workpiece, the bent first portion 1 10-1 after completion of the bending operation above the light box, so that a partial section of the first portion of the rear facing away from the camera is homogeneously backlit.
  • the schematic Fig. 4A shows a section of the screen display on the display and control unit of the bending machine 100 during a measurement.
  • the rectangular image field 252 contains the entire C-shaped area that is illuminated by the background illumination device.
  • a directly lying in front of the backlight measuring section 1 10-1 M of the bent first section can be seen as a broad black line in front of the uniformly bright background of the background lighting device.
  • a line scan along a measuring line 415 is detected, which is transverse, in particular substantially perpendicular to the course of the measuring section.
  • the brightness values of the pixels (pixels) change abruptly in the transition from the area with backlighting to the area shaded by the measuring section on the outer contour of the measuring section 1 10-1 M.
  • the location of the light-dark transition on the contour of the measuring section forms a measuring point whose position in the image field can be determined with high precision, regardless of the lighting situation at the site of the bending machine. From the position data of the light-dark transition in the line scan or the corresponding image coordinates of this measuring point or this measuring point, the angle value can be calculated by means of further parameters.
  • the image processing program calculates the data for a straight first auxiliary line 430-1, which runs parallel to the central axis of the first section along the light-dark contour. Furthermore, the program stores data for a virtual second auxiliary line 430-2, which runs parallel to the feed direction (x-axis of the machine coordinate system).
  • the bending angle may be defined as the angle between the extended center axes of the second section and the first section. Alternatively, the bending angle may also be defined as the angle between the edges of the second portion and the first portion. Elongated workpieces such as e.g. Wires, i.d.R. two edges which are parallel in plan view and symmetrical to the central axis. Due to the parallelism, the edges or the center lines of the second section and the first section can be combined with each other to determine the bending angle.
  • Wires i.d.R.
  • Figures 4B, 4C and 4D exemplify some measurement strategies.
  • auxiliary line 430-1 is defined as the tangent to the circumference of the bending pin passing through this measuring point.
  • the second auxiliary line 430-1 runs parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the second section or the wire feed direction. This can coincide with the central longitudinal axis or, as we have shown, parallel offset. The second section will not be touched separately.
  • Fig. 4C shows, e.g. also two points M1, M2 are optically determined at a sufficient distance from each other and marked as measuring points.
  • the straight line between the two points forms the auxiliary line 430-1 (measuring line) or the straight line of the first section. It can be touched from either side of the first section or contour line.
  • the software determines the limit of the light-dark transition or dark-light transition.
  • the first auxiliary line 430-1 can be defined as a straight line through these points.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B Details of a bending machine 100 according to another embodiment are shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Differences from the first embodiment exist only with respect to the construction and the function of the measuring system, which is why the components of the bending machines bear the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment.
  • the camera 550 of the measuring system 500 is attached to a support structure similar to the first embodiment and is located after the setting operation at a fixed camera position at a distance above the table top 192 of the support table.
  • the rectangular image field 552 of the camera contains the bending head 180 and the entire recess 195 on the side of the support table facing the intake device.
  • the measuring system comprises a background illumination device 560 which comprises an incident-light illumination device with one or more light sources 565 which are arranged within a lighting box around the lens of the camera 550.
  • a diffuser is mounted, so that the area of the bending head 180 can be homogeneously illuminated by means of the light sources 560 with diffuse light.
  • a lightbox 260 of an active background illumination device Between the bending head 180 and the inner edge of the recess of the light box is a radial clearance.
  • the background illumination device 560 has, in addition to the light box 260, a substantially annular reflector 570, which is shown in enlarged detail in FIG. 5B.
  • the reflector is essentially formed by a flat piece of sheet metal made of anodized aluminum whose thinly coated flat surface serves as a diffusely reflecting reflector surface.
  • the reflector has essentially the shape of a circular disk, the outer diameter of which corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the recess enclosed by the active backlight or is slightly larger than this diameter.
  • the circular recess has a rectangular extension 574, which is adapted to the size of the carrier for the bending pin 186.
  • the reflector can be placed on the bending head so that the inner stationary tool part 182 of the bending head passes through the recess 572 and the support for the bending pin fits into the rectangular recess 574.
  • the reflector then rests on top of the annular portion of the rotary bending tool and rotates with it during the bending operation.
  • the reflector 570 completely encloses the bending head.
  • the light sources 560 When carrying out a measurement after completing a bending operation and relieving the workpiece by returning the rotary bending tool, the light sources 560 become controlled so that they light up in a flash and evenly illuminate the top of the support table including the area around the bending head 180.
  • the light which falls on the top side of the reflector 570 is reflected back diffusely, so that the diffuse reflector serves as a passive backlight, which produces a strong light-dark contrast on the contours of the curved first section. This can be touched with high accuracy.
  • An advantage of the reflector is that it reaches directly to the outer contour of the stationary part 182 of the bending head 180, so that measurements are possible even if the curved first section is only very short and not in the area of the active backlight or extends beyond this area to the support table.
  • reflectors of this type are relatively inexpensive to produce, easily replaceable and due to the lack of electrically operated components very robust.
  • the reflector sits on the rotatable bending tool and rotates around the inside stationary part.
  • a particular advantage is that it allows short "legs" to be measured, since the reflector encloses the bending head particularly close and - in contrast to the light box - can be rotated together with the bending pin.
  • a combination of active background lighting (e.g., by light table) on the support table and reflector on the bending head may be beneficial. As a result, the largest possible area of the recess can be covered. The measurement points on the first section can then be very far apart, allowing more accurate measurements.
  • the contrast-increasing background illumination device on the side of the bending head only has a correspondingly designed reflector, which cooperates with a lighting device on the side of the camera. It can therefore be dispensed with an active background lighting device, for example in the manner of a light box.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée à partir d'une pièce allongée (110), en particulier à partir d'un fil ou d'un tube, au moyen d'une machine de pliage qui présente une tête de pliage (180) pourvue d'un outil de pliage (184) destiné à saisir une première section (110-1) à plier de la pièce. Selon le procédé, l'outil de pliage peut tourner autour d'un axe de pliage (185) au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraînement de pliage commandé par un dispositif de commande. D'abord, une section de pièce devant être pliée est amenée dans une position de départ dans la zone de saisie de la tête de pliage (180). Ensuite, l'outil de pliage (184) est amené en contact avec la première section à une certaine distance de l'axe de pliage. Ensuite, dans une opération de pliage, par rotation de l'outil de pliage (184) autour de l'axe de pliage (185), un pliage est généré entre une deuxième section (110-2) ne devant pas être pliée et la première section (110-1). Ensuite, à l'aide d'un système de mesure pourvu d'une caméra et servant à la détection sans contact de données relatives à la géométrie de la pièce pliée réellement produite, une valeur de mesure d'angle est déterminée qui représente l'angle de pliage réel généré par l'opération de pliage. La caméra détecte un champ d'image (252) qui contient la tête de pliage (180), une information du champ d'image étant évaluée pour la détermination de la valeur de mesure d'angle.
EP18721756.7A 2017-05-05 2018-04-30 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée et machine de pliage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Withdrawn EP3618982A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017207612.7A DE102017207612A1 (de) 2017-05-05 2017-05-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Biegeteils und Biegemaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
PCT/EP2018/061013 WO2018202612A1 (fr) 2017-05-05 2018-04-30 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée et machine de pliage pour la mise en œuvre du procédé

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EP3618982A1 true EP3618982A1 (fr) 2020-03-11

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EP18721756.7A Withdrawn EP3618982A1 (fr) 2017-05-05 2018-04-30 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce pliée et machine de pliage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

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EP (1) EP3618982A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017207612A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018202612A1 (fr)

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DE102019124477A1 (de) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Gehring E-Tech Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen von Wicklungselementen
US11833572B2 (en) * 2020-03-06 2023-12-05 Greenlee Tools, Inc. Bender for bending a workpiece with automatic springback compensation
DE102020212558A1 (de) * 2020-10-05 2022-04-07 Wafios Aktiengesellschaft Biegemaschine und Drahtverarbeitungsanlage mit Biegemaschine
IT202100017426A1 (it) * 2021-07-01 2023-01-01 Schnell Spa Gruppo di rilevamento della curvatura per elementi oblunghi, in particolare metallici
US12146739B2 (en) 2022-01-20 2024-11-19 Emerson Professional Tools, Llc Angle measurement device with attachment to pipe, conduit or cylindrical workpiece
IT202200008915A1 (it) * 2022-05-03 2023-11-03 Atop Spa Sistema e metodo per il controllo di una macchina di formatura di elementi conduttori di un avvolgimento induttivo di uno statore.
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DE102024119442A1 (de) * 2024-07-09 2026-01-15 Audi Hungaria Zrt Hairpin-Messvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hairpin-Messvorrichtung

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WO2018202612A1 (fr) 2018-11-08

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