EP3638974B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile de petit calibre, projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre contenant un tel projectile de petit calibre - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile de petit calibre, projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre contenant un tel projectile de petit calibre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3638974B1
EP3638974B1 EP18727768.6A EP18727768A EP3638974B1 EP 3638974 B1 EP3638974 B1 EP 3638974B1 EP 18727768 A EP18727768 A EP 18727768A EP 3638974 B1 EP3638974 B1 EP 3638974B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
small
projectile
caliber
penetrator
bullet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18727768.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3638974A1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Stenzel
Tobias LITTE
Daniel STOPPER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3638974A1 publication Critical patent/EP3638974A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3638974B1 publication Critical patent/EP3638974B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/78—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing of jackets for smallarm bullets ; Jacketed bullets or projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/80—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/025—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by the dimension of the case or the missile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/10—Percussion caps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a small-caliber projectile and a small-caliber projectile and small-caliber ammunition with such a small-caliber projectile, which are characterized by low levels of pollutants.
  • a cartridge is considered low-emission if it has at least one lead-free and barium-free primer cap and if the bullet has a covered lead corner.
  • a reduced-lead or lead-free hunting rifle bullet with improved core holding power in the jacket describes the DE 100 42 711 A1 .
  • the core and the jacket have a positive and/or material connection in addition to the non-positive connection.
  • Non-metallic materials such as plastic are mentioned as core materials.
  • Other core materials can be copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, etc.
  • the jacket on the other hand, consists of the usual jacket materials such as steel, tombac-plated steel, tombac (copper-zinc alloy) or copper.
  • a hunting rifle bullet with an additional encapsulated core names the DE 100 45 009 A1 .
  • the core is surrounded by another cladding, the core cladding. This completely encloses the core.
  • the core is made of a toxic material such as lead.
  • a cartridge for handguns with a cartridge case provided with a primer cap and containing a propellant charge, and with a projectile inserted into the neck of the cartridge case is disclosed in US Pat DE 197 10 113 A1 , the projectile having a mantle, a hard core disposed in the jacket and a carrier holding the core in the jacket.
  • the FR2821151A1 discloses a projectile with a sub-caliber core, particularly for small and medium caliber ammunition.
  • the projectile consists of a core and a shell.
  • the sheath is crimped onto the core with its ogival end.
  • the nucleus has a central cylinder, extended in the front part by a conical tip.
  • the core has a frustoconical bearing that cooperates with the sheath.
  • Ring play is incorporated between the central cylinder of the core and a conical bore of the cladding. This game increases from a ledge to camp. This play allows the shell to be deformed by radial compression, which can reduce wear on a weapon barrel.
  • the bullet consists of a thin metallic material as a jacket and a bullet core enclosed in it made of solid material such as hard metal, heavy metal, etc.
  • a ballast material that fills the rearmost part of the bullet jacket consists of a lead alloy.
  • the DE 197 30 968 A1 describes a method of making a bullet and a bullet.
  • the blank is machined into a shell having a base and a substantially cylindrical wall adjacent thereto and defining a cavity.
  • Gripping means are provided at the rear end of the bullet core.
  • the gripping means consist of edges or grooves. These cooperate with receiving means in the cladding and lock the core end firmly to the base of the cladding.
  • the DE 29 510 977 U1 deals with a projectile for cartridges for rifled weapons, having a core which is the main mass of the projectile.
  • a cladding is applied to the outside of the core and at least partially covers it, the cladding being completely coated both from the outside and towards the core with a layer of tin of a predetermined thickness.
  • a steel tip is provided in front of the lead core.
  • Solid bullets i.e. bullets made of a solid copper-based alloy
  • the disadvantage is that this is accompanied by insufficient stabilization on the trajectory due to the twist introduced in the gun barrel. This leads to a low non-ballistic stability of such projectiles. Shorter twist lengths would be necessary for good stability, which cannot be realized in weapons that have already been introduced.
  • the object of the invention is to present a small-caliber projectile that is low in pollutants, can be produced inexpensively and does not have the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • a projectile according to the invention compensates for the low density of the copper-based alloy compared to lead through a higher density of the hard metal penetrator. As a result, an extension of the projectile, as described above, can be omitted.
  • the projectile can have the same overall length as previous projectiles.
  • the interior, exterior and target ballistic requirements can be met, with the advantage of increased penetration performance against semi-hard targets.
  • the method according to the invention according to claim 1 creates a low-emission projectile and thus a low-emission cartridge with increased penetration compared to existing concepts.
  • the structure of the bullet results from the combination of a low-emission, specifically light solid bullet with a completely enclosed penetrator with a specifically higher density as the core. A solid bullet with a hard core is thus shown.
  • the bullet is preferably made from two semi-finished products (bullet body, penetrator).
  • a bullet body is made from a copper-based alloy (brass, tobacco, bronze). They can be manufactured from extrudable blanks.
  • the body of the bullet is oversized on the outside and is pressed into the rifling and fields of the gun barrel when the shot is fired.
  • the body of the bullet has a blind hole into which the dimensionally matched hard core (penetrator) can be inserted. This means that the dimensions of the blind hole and those of the penetrator are matched.
  • the hard core is a predominantly cylindrical component made of tungsten carbide with a tip at the front end. Grooves are pressed into the base of the hard core blank, which lead to an interlocking with the bullet body when fired. As a result, the transfer of the twist of a weapon barrel is safely transferred to the hard core.
  • the hard core is preferably used in the bullet body.
  • the projectile body provided with the inserted hard core can then be fed to a rotary swaging machine, for example, and the projectile body or its material is tapered in the front region, so that it flows forward around the hard core.
  • the result is a full floor with a completely enclosed hard core.
  • the insertable penetrator achieves increased penetration against semi-hard targets without showing any deformation when shooting at so-called soft targets.
  • the projectile can thus be used universally (multi-purpose) against soft as well as semi-hard targets be used. Due to the adjustable projectile weight, ie through the choice of the penetrator or the material of the penetrator, the projectile also fulfills a required correspondence of the trajectory with the hard core and soft core projectiles used hitherto.
  • a small caliber bullet is proposed, which is designed as a solid (mass) made of copper-based alloy with a hard metal core.
  • copper-based alloys include additives such as zinc and tin in variable alloy proportions, which leads to the designations brass, tombac or bronze.
  • Brass is one of the best-known copper alloys. What all brass alloys have in common, whether they are cast or wrought alloys, is that their main components are the metals copper and zinc, to which other alloying metals are added in smaller proportions, depending on the properties required. Brass types with > 67% copper are referred to as tombac, with bronze alloys with at least 60% copper unless they are assigned to brasses by the main alloy additive zinc.
  • a hard metal penetrator is worked into this solid copper-based alloy, i.e. embedded.
  • the penetrator is completely surrounded by this copper-based alloy.
  • the surface of the small caliber projectile can be provided with a thin tin coating, at least partially.
  • This small caliber projectile forms the basis of low-emission small caliber ammunition.
  • the small-caliber ammunition has, for example, a lead-free and barium-free percussion cap, which is arranged in the base of a propellant-charge case accommodating the small-caliber projectile and a propellant charge.
  • the advantages of the AP bullet are also that it is inexpensive to manufacture and can be made from only two parts. A favorable center of gravity and good stability on the trajectory are realized. Splinters are avoided on soft targets, and high penetration is achieved on hard targets.
  • a projectile body 1 with at least one blind hole 3, 4.
  • the projectile body 1 consists of a copper-based alloy
  • the penetrator 2 preferably consists of a hard metal.
  • copper-based alloys include brass, tombac and bronze.
  • the penetrator 2 is inserted or inserted into the at least one blind hole 3 of the projectile body 1 .
  • a projection 1.1 of the projectile body 1 remains disengaged from the penetrator 2.
  • the incorporation can take place, for example, using a rotary kneading machine.
  • the projection 1.1 is preferably continuously kneaded around the penetrator 2 until this projection 1.1 has now completely surrounded the penetrator 2 by the preferred copper-based alloy of the projectile body 1 in the front area 1.1'.
  • the penetrator or the hard metal core 2 is completely surrounded on all sides by the projectile body material.
  • the projectile body 1 and the penetrator 2 now form a projectile 10 ( Figures 4, 5 ).
  • figure 5 shows a variant of a small caliber projectile 10', which is designed as a solid (mass), a projectile body 1' preferably made of copper-based alloy with a hard metal core 2'.
  • the projectile body 1' here has only one blind hole 3'.
  • Grooves 2.1 (2.1') are introduced, for example pressed, into the bottom of the penetrator 2 (2'). This leads to interlocking of the penetrator 2, (2') with the projectile body 1, (1 ') ( 2 ), at the bottom of the penetrator 2 (2') and the blind hole 3 (3').
  • the small caliber projectile 10, 10' contains no toxic components. If desired, the surface can be provided with a thin tin coating, at least partially.
  • This small caliber projectile 10, 10' forms the basis of a low-emission small caliber ammunition. So that the small caliber ammunition itself is low in pollutants, the small caliber ammunition has, for example, a lead and barium-free percussion cap which is arranged in the base of a propellant charge case (not shown) that accommodates the small caliber projectile 10, 10' and a propellant charge.
  • the mass or the weight of the penetrator 2 allows the small caliber projectile 10, 10' to be aimed at combating soft as well as hard targets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') comprenant un corps de projectile (1, 1') composé d'un alliage massif à base de cuivre et un pénétrateur (2, 2') introduit dans celui-ci, qui est entièrement entouré par le corps de projectile (1, 1'), avec les étapes suivantes :
    • l'insertion du pénétrateur (2, 2') dans au moins un trou borgne du corps de projectile (1), dans lequel une partie saillante (1.1) du corps de projectile (1, 1') reste hors de contact avec le pénétrateur (2, 2'),
    • l'enfoncement du pénétrateur (2, 2') dans l'alliage massif à base de cuivre par rétreinte de la partie saillante (1.1) jusqu'à ce que cette partie saillante (1.1) ait entièrement entouré le pénétrateur dans la zone avant (1.1').
  2. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') fabriqué d'après le procédé selon la revendication 1.
  3. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage à base de cuivre comprend sur la base du cuivre des additifs comme le zinc ou l'étain.
  4. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le pénétrateur (2, 2') est constitué de métal dur.
  5. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une surface du projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') est au moins en partie étamée.
  6. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps de projectile (1, 1') présente au moins un trou borgne (3, 3'), dans lequel le pénétrateur (2, 2') est inséré.
  7. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que des rainures (2.1, 2.1') sont présentes dans le fond du pénétrateur (2, 2').
  8. Projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le pénétrateur (2, 2') est une pièce principalement cylindrique composée de carbure de tungstène avec une pointe à l'extrémité avant.
  9. Munition de petit calibre avec un projectile de petit calibre (10, 10') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8.
  10. Munition de petit calibre selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la munition de petit calibre présente une amorce sans plomb et sans baryum.
  11. Munition de petit calibre selon la revendication 9 ou 10 d'un calibre de 4,6 mm × 30 à 12,7 mm × 99.
EP18727768.6A 2017-06-12 2018-05-24 Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile de petit calibre, projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre contenant un tel projectile de petit calibre Active EP3638974B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017112889.1A DE102017112889A1 (de) 2017-06-12 2017-06-12 Kleinkalibergschoss sowie Kleinkalibermunition mit einem derartigen Kleinkalibergeschoss
PCT/EP2018/063638 WO2018228787A1 (fr) 2017-06-12 2018-05-24 Projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre comportant un tel projectile de petit calibre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3638974A1 EP3638974A1 (fr) 2020-04-22
EP3638974B1 true EP3638974B1 (fr) 2023-05-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18727768.6A Active EP3638974B1 (fr) 2017-06-12 2018-05-24 Procédé de fabrication d'un projectile de petit calibre, projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre contenant un tel projectile de petit calibre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3638974B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017112889A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018228787A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024118075A1 (de) * 2024-06-26 2025-12-31 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss mit einem Penetratorkern

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9209598U1 (de) * 1992-07-17 1992-11-12 Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH, 5408 Nassau Patrone für Übungszwecke
IT1266162B1 (it) 1994-07-12 1996-12-23 Europa Metalli Sezione Difesa Proiettile stagnato, in particolare per munizionamento di piccolo calibro, e metodo per la sua produzione.
US5621186A (en) * 1995-09-20 1997-04-15 Trophy Bonded Bullets, Inc. Bullet
SE508476C2 (sv) 1996-04-26 1998-10-12 Bofors Carl Gustaf Ab Finkaliberprojektil
FI100917B (fi) * 1996-08-14 1998-03-13 Lapua Oy Menetelmä luodin valmistamiseksi ja luoti
DE19710113A1 (de) 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Elisenhuette Metallwerk Patrone für Handfeuerwaffen
WO2001018483A1 (fr) 1999-09-08 2001-03-15 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Projectile de carabine pour la chasse a teneur en plomb reduite ou sans plomb, presentant une force de retention du noyau dans la chemise amelioree
DE10045009A1 (de) 1999-09-11 2001-05-10 Dynamit Nobel Ag Jagdbüchsengeschoß mit zusätzlich gekapseltem Kern
DE10010500A1 (de) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Dynamit Nobel Ag Schadstoffreduziertes Deformationsgeschoß,vorzugsweise für Faustfeuerwaffen
FR2821151B1 (fr) * 2001-02-16 2004-05-28 Manurhin Defense Projectile perforant pour une munition de petit ou de moyen calibre et procede de montage d'un tel projectile perforant
CA2432112A1 (fr) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-12 Barry W. Kyle Douille de balle et methode de fabrication
RS51099B (sr) * 2004-05-11 2010-10-31 Ruag Ammotec Ag. Bezolovni projektil
US7765934B2 (en) * 2005-05-09 2010-08-03 Ruag Ammotec Lead-free projectile
US7520224B2 (en) * 2006-04-06 2009-04-21 John D. Taylor Advanced armor-piercing projectile construction and method
US9857155B2 (en) * 2015-09-28 2018-01-02 James Allen Boatright Rifle bullet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3638974A1 (fr) 2020-04-22
DE102017112889A1 (de) 2018-12-13
WO2018228787A1 (fr) 2018-12-20

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