EP3677053A1 - Système de haut-parleurs pour son ambiophonique avec suppression des bruits directs non souhaités - Google Patents

Système de haut-parleurs pour son ambiophonique avec suppression des bruits directs non souhaités

Info

Publication number
EP3677053A1
EP3677053A1 EP18762485.3A EP18762485A EP3677053A1 EP 3677053 A1 EP3677053 A1 EP 3677053A1 EP 18762485 A EP18762485 A EP 18762485A EP 3677053 A1 EP3677053 A1 EP 3677053A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
sound
frontal
channel
speaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18762485.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3677053B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dausend
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH
Original Assignee
LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3677053A1 publication Critical patent/EP3677053A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3677053B1 publication Critical patent/EP3677053B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/301—Automatic calibration of stereophonic sound system, e.g. with test microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker system in which a laterally and / or to the ceiling radiated channel or multiple channels are used to provide by reflection on walls and / or ceilings for a surround sound experience in the listener area.
  • These are the so-called surround channels, which are generated by not frontal radiating speakers.
  • unwanted output signals are generated, so-called direct sound, which passes directly into the audience without reflections and disturbs the surround sound experience.
  • a signal adjusted by a FIR filter is transmitted through at least one front loudspeaker for each surround channel.
  • the temporal generation of a surround sound signal is adjusted by at least one delay song. In a listener area, direct sound and adjusted signal now hit each other, so that the direct sound is attenuated.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a method for attenuating direct sound and for determining filter functions for attenuating direct sound.
  • Surround sound systems can give the listener the experience that he is surrounded on all sides by sound sources and thus is "in the middle of the action", which is especially interesting for feature films in which sound and visual information can be reconciled, behind the sound Audiences can create sounds that match or anticipate current happenings on the screen, giving you a very realistic view of what's going on in concert footage.
  • Ambient sound experiences are often described as much more "enthralling" compared to normal stereo broadcasts
  • a listener is made use of, for example, by determining transit time differences between the two ears and the evaluation
  • different sound levels can determine the direction from which a sound or a sound comes from.
  • a disadvantage of surround sound systems is the increased number of required speakers. Typically, at least two additional speakers are needed, which are placed in an area behind the listener area, around the additional, from other sides
  • sound waves can be generated from the side or even from behind and / or above the listener, whereby the sound experience can be intensified. Not only can sound be generated with more than two channels, but also the experience of a common two-channel signal or even a mono channel can be "broadened".
  • so-called directive speakers the direct sound can be minimized.
  • so-called waveguides which are small elements for sound conduction, placed in front of the speaker, which have a positive effect on a directional emission.
  • larger speakers may preferably be used since they have a higher directivity.
  • larger speakers are less capable of producing high tones and reduce the compactness of the system.
  • These systems also have the disadvantage that the sweet spot is relatively small.
  • the prior art lacks cheap, flexible, compact, and simple surround sound systems that do not require directional speakers, do without additional speakers behind the listener, and at the same time have a wide sweet spot.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a loudspeaker system and a method for attenuating direct sound without the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a sweet spot should be as big as possible.
  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker system for the reproduction of at least 1 channel, comprising
  • non-frontal radiating loudspeaker and a non-frontal radiating loudspeaker associated channel which is a surround sound channel
  • the filter is an FIR filter and the delay element and the FIR filter are configured to relatively match the output signals of the front speaker and at least one non-frontal loudspeaker of a surround channel to attenuate unwanted direct sound of the non-frontal loudspeaker in a listener area.
  • a laterally and / or to the ceiling radiated channel or multiple channels is used to provide by reflection on walls and / or ceilings for a surround sound experience in the audience area.
  • This also unwanted output signals are generated, so-called direct sound, which passes directly into the audience without reflections, and disturbs the sound experience.
  • a signal adjusted by a finite impulse response filter (FIR filter) for each surround channel is transmitted through at least one front loudspeaker.
  • the temporal generation of a surround sound signal is adjusted by at least one delay song.
  • FIR filter finite impulse response filter
  • a speaker system has at least one channel. Then the speaker system is suitable for the generation of monophonic (mono) and monophonic surround channel.
  • At least 2 channels are preferred.
  • the reproduction of at least 2 channels preferably means the reproduction of at least two separately coded channels whose sound information can be independent.
  • the playback of 2 separate channels in stereo has been around for some time known.
  • an audio channel contains audio information that is intended for the left ear of at least one listener and the other an intended for the right ear audio information, the information is associated with a single playback. This information may be different, for. Example, the different spatial positioning of members of a recorded orchestral concert to play or to correspond with "spatially" differently positioned sound sources of a movie played on a screen.
  • a speaker system typically consists of at least two side and one front speakers, especially if it is a two-channel (stereo) system.
  • an electrical (audio) signal is translated into sound waves, which are referred to as output (e).
  • output e
  • the membrane is placed in appropriate vibration, z. B. by electromagnets.
  • the output signals are to be distinguished into output signals of a front loudspeaker and those of a non-frontal loudspeaker.
  • multi-channel systems where in addition to the sound information for left and right further surround sound information such.
  • Middle channel (center) and surround sound channels (either a channel or again divided into left and right) as well as a low frequency channel can be encoded on the sound source medium and played back by a suitable system.
  • a surround channel is preferably a channel that is not a center and / or bass channel.
  • the coding can be carried out both on a corresponding number of discrete channels of a playback medium and via a so-called matrix coding on the two standard stereo channels, so that the playback medium does not have to have any special suitability for multichannel playback.
  • Multi-channel systems may thus by default preferably comprise 3 channels, 4 channels, 5 channels, 6 channels, 7 channels, 8 channels, 9 channels, 10 channels and more than 10 channels.
  • the speaker system is preferably such a multi-channel system.
  • the number of channels does not have to match the number of speakers.
  • One skilled in the art knows which number of channels are common in multi-channel systems.
  • a person skilled in the art knows that not all channels use the full available frequency bandwidth. For example, it is known to use one or more channels only for low frequencies (low-frequency channel or bass). In this case, the number of channels in the usual notation, z. B.
  • the number before the point denotes the number of channels having the full frequency width and the number after the point the number of bandwidth-limited channels, preferably low-frequency channels.
  • the number of channels of the inventive loudspeaker system may preferably comprise all customary channel combinations which generate surround sound.
  • the coding can be analog, or in a digital format.
  • the encoding be made in a standard format, the format being selected from the group consisting of Dolby Stereo, Dolby Surround, Dolby Pro Logic, Dolby Pro Logic II, Dolby Pro Logic I, Dolby Pro Logic Hz, Dolby Digital Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby Atmos, Dolby TrueHD, Dolby Virtual Speaker, DTS Coherent Acoustics, DTS-ES, DTS Neo: 6, DTS Neo: X, DTS-HD Master Audio and / or DTS: X.
  • a channel preferably comprises all the audio information which can be assigned to at least one loudspeaker during playback. In this case, both the electrical signal and the output signal of at least one speaker is included.
  • the loudspeaker system is preferably equipped with a suitable decoder which can read out the multichannel information of the playback medium.
  • the multi-channel information is adapted to the number of connected speakers of the system so that the multi-channel information is rendered as meaningful as possible in terms of the best possible room sound with the existing number of speakers.
  • Suitable decoders are known to those skilled in the art and are available by default.
  • the playback medium is preferably a medium readable by one of the following playback devices: a CD player, a DVD player, an MP3 player, a media player or network player, a tuner for radio reception, a minidisc player, a turntable, a television, a computer and other, known in the art devices for playback of audio signals.
  • the medium itself may then have the appropriate shape, for. B. be a compact disc (CD).
  • the playback device is preferably connected by cable or wirelessly to the speaker system and transmits the predetermined by the playback medium information.
  • the speaker system is preferably equipped with an amplifier which amplifies the information transmitted by the playback device and decoded by the decoder signal and passes on to the or the connected speakers.
  • At least one amplifier is preferably present for each channel insofar as the number of loudspeakers permits this and the respective multi-channel signal is supported.
  • One or more amplifiers may preferably be preceded by signal processing, in particular digital signal processing (DSP), in order to influence and adjust a sound image by processing.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • An amplifier may, for. B be a class AB, D or E amplifier.
  • the speaker system is preferably constructed so that it has at least one input to which the playback device can be connected.
  • the input signal may preferably be analog and / or digital.
  • digital circuits are integrated, for. B. for performing DSP or as a digital FIR filter, it may be preferable to use at least one suitable analog-to-digital converter (A / D converter) before these circuits to convert at least one analog input signal into a digital signal.
  • a / D converter analog-to-digital converter
  • After such a circuit and before at least one amplifier is preferably at a suitable location at least one suitable digital-to-analog converter present, which converts the digital signal back into an analog signal to supply the amplifier with an analog signal.
  • the speaker system has at least one non-frontal radiating speaker.
  • the term "frontal” refers to a loudspeaker oriented directly in the direction of the listener area, which radiates the generated sound essentially in this direction.
  • the non-frontal loudspeaker is preferably not a directional (or synonym: "directive") loudspeaker. It is known to the person skilled in the art that each loudspeaker has a preferred direction into which the sound is essentially emitted or in which a sound cone is oriented.
  • directive or directional loudspeaker Favor is meant a speaker that has no edges, horns or sound guides or waveguides to reduce a Abschallkegels. It can be used for the non-frontal speakers preferably larger speakers, as they have a higher directivity and this one for
  • Loudspeakers less suitable for producing high tones and reduce the compactness of the system. Therefore, it is preferable to use a compromise in terms of size for the respective desired properties (eg size of the sweet spot, frequency height).
  • the "sweet spot” is preferably the area in which the sound image to be achieved by the loudspeaker system is essentially best achieved, for example the attenuation of direct sound.
  • This area is determined when the loudspeaker system is set up and configured and preferably agrees with it
  • the listener area may be located midway between two side speakers positioned on different sides, such as in front of a head-on speaker, and side speakers are preferably used synonymously for non-frontal speakers
  • a typical constellation of the speaker system is seen There are at least two side speakers positioned at a distance from each other, one on the left and one on the right, and on each side there may be more than one side speaker, and left and right are preferred gt defined from the point of view of the audience area, which is preferably located in front of the speakers.
  • the front is the area in which the sound waves of the loudspeakers essentially radiate outwards.
  • at least one central speaker is preferably positioned, which emits sound waves substantially frontally in the direction of the listener area.
  • the side speakers do not radiate frontally, but at a certain angle ⁇ with respect to the frontal emission direction. This angle ⁇ is essentially selected such that the sound waves are reflected on the walls of the room in which the loudspeaker system is present and in this way essentially reach the audience area after reflection.
  • a left side loudspeaker would emit in the direction of a listener area left wall of the room, so that the emitted sound waves reflected substantially on this wall and thus reach a listener in the listener area substantially.
  • a right, side loudspeaker is oriented analogously in the direction of a right wall of the room.
  • a sound wave emitted by a loudspeaker does not run along a line, but occupies a certain space in front of the loudspeaker at a certain solid angle, the so-called sounding cone, and that this sounding cone diverges at a greater distance from the loudspeaker. Accordingly, a sound direction and a reflection never concern only a direction and a point on the wall, but a larger area. Nevertheless, the sound propagation of a directed sound wave at not too great a distance can preferably be approximately described by a straight line whose intersection and intersection angle with the wall can then be used approximately to describe the direction of a reflection.
  • the non-frontal speakers are associated with channels that are surround channels.
  • Listener area is preferably where a listener is in front of the speaker system. This can preferably be in front of the at least one front loudspeaker. It may also be preferred that the listener (his head) and / or the listener area with the respective outer or outermost loudspeakers form approximately an equilateral triangle. Preferably, the audience is so large that at least one listener standing or sitting or his head is covered by this. This particularly preferably relates to two adjoining or sitting listeners or their heads, more preferably 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 listeners and in particular 10 listeners. However, at least 10, 15, 20, 50, 100, 300 or 1,000 or 10,000 listeners may also be preferred.
  • the audience range is at least 0.5 m 2 , at least 1 m 2 , at least 2 m 2 , at least 3 m 2 , at least 5 m 2 , at least 10 m 2 , at least 20 m 2 , at least 30 m 2 , at least 50 m 2 , at least 100 m 2 , at least 200 m 2 , at least 500 m 2 , at least 1,000 m 2 or at least 10,000 m 2 .
  • the loudspeaker system would preferably be sized and / or configured according to the size of the listener area, but the inventive principle would be retained. Likewise, the speaker system would continue to be compact in relation to a variety of known prior art speaker systems having comparable surround sound functionality and a comparable listening range.
  • Terms such as substantially, approximately, about, about, etc., preferably describe a tolerance range of less than ⁇ 40%, preferably less than ⁇ 20%, more preferably less than ⁇ 10%, even more preferably less than ⁇ 5%, and most preferably less as ⁇ 1%. Similarly, sizes that are approximately equal preferably describe. Partially preferably describes at least 5%, more preferably at least 10%, and especially at least 20%, in some cases at least 40%.
  • a non-frontal radiating loudspeaker may also preferably be a ceiling loudspeaker directed at the ceiling. These terms can preferably also be used synonymously.
  • a non-frontally radiating loudspeaker may thus comprise at least one side loudspeaker and / or at least one ceiling loudspeaker.
  • a ceiling-mounted loudspeaker emits sound waves substantially upwards to a ceiling of a room so that sound waves are reflected at it and reach at least one listener in the audience area from above. This allows additional room sound effects to be created.
  • the deviation of the ceiling loudspeaker from a frontal radiating loudspeaker can preferably be described by a vertical angle ⁇ .
  • the deflection of the non-frontal radiating speakers of the speaker system are set ex factory during manufacture and to the dimensions and geometries average spaces z.
  • B. orientate average living room of consumers. It may also be preferred that these angles can be changed by a person skilled in the art and / or a consumer and thus adapted to individually different premises. Such an adjustment can also be done automatically.
  • the speaker system further includes at least one front speaker. This emits the sound waves substantially in the direction of the listener area. In this case, the at least one Frontlau Anlagener preferably different functionalities of the
  • a front speaker for at least one channel which is also emitted via a non-frontal radiating speaker, e.g. B. a (left and right) front speakers for two channels of the stereo sound and / or for each other surround channel.
  • a non-frontal radiating speaker e.g. B.
  • a (left and right) front speakers for two channels of the stereo sound and / or for each other surround channel.
  • the at least one front loudspeaker may also be preferred for the at least one front loudspeaker to form a low-frequency channel. It is known to the person skilled in the art that low frequencies can only be localized to a lesser extent by a listener, and therefore the exact broadcast location within a room is of little relevance. Therefore, low sounds can also be broadcast frontally on a single channel.
  • the Frontlau Anlagener can be adapted in this respect from its dimensions ago, in particular, it may be greater than z. B. smaller, more suitable for higher frequencies not frontal radiating speakers.
  • the low-frequency channel may preferably not be coded as a separate channel, but rather be generated from at least one, preferably a plurality of channels, which are filtered by a low-pass filter. It may also be preferred that a woofer channel is reproduced by at least one additional loudspeaker, a so-called subwoofer, whose location and / or orientation in the
  • the bass channel is on multiple channels and / or
  • the front speaker is used in addition to the above tasks or even exclusively for emitting an output signal which attenuates unwanted direct sound of a non-frontal radiating speaker.
  • the output signal can therefore only be a signal for attenuation, and / or the
  • Audio information (at least one) channel.
  • the signal for attenuation is preferably referred to as an attenuation signal, which alone or together with an audio channel forms the output signal of the front speaker.
  • a person skilled in the art knows how a sound signal can be attenuated and / or extinguished by interference caused by a spatially overlapping second sound signal. In particular, a substantially destructive interference between these two signals is required.
  • the head-on speaker emits the second sound signal to attenuate the unwanted sound signal of the direct sound. In this case, such a signal is sent out for attenuation per channel of a non-frontal speaker. This may preferably be from a single front speaker or at least one
  • Front speakers are sent per channel. This attenuation signal can be transmitted simultaneously with a channel from a front speaker or as the only output of the front speaker.
  • Output signals preferably spatially spread sound waves with a spectral distribution, each emitted frequency at each location at any time an amplitude and a relative phase to each other emitted frequency and an absolute phase can be assigned.
  • a person skilled in the art knows which variables are required for the complete description of a sound wave.
  • a sound wave is preferably a superposition of a plurality of individual vibrations.
  • a weakening of the direct sound should preferably be achieved in the audience area. Where the weakening is particularly good with a good surround sound experience due to reflected signals is preferred the sweet spot. This agrees with the preferred
  • Attenuation here preferably means that the direct sound is measurably smaller.
  • a weakening preferably refers to a sound intensity.
  • a preferred amount of attenuation depends on the rooms in which the speaker system is present, as well as the exact constellation of the system (e.g., orientation and / or type of non-frontal speakers). These factors have an influence on the direct sound. It is often assumed in professional circles that this direct sound should be at least 10 dB lower than the reflected sound of the surround channel so that the Haas effect does not occur. Therefore, an attenuation that ensures this relationship between unwanted direct sound and reflected surround sound signal is preferred. Since the intensity of direct sound due to the non-frontal radiation at appropriate
  • Configuration of the system and in not too far away from the speakers walls (where the sound is reflected) from the outset is lower than the reflected signal, preferably smaller attenuation than 10 dB are sufficient.
  • a weakening may preferably at least a factor of 2 in at least a portion of the
  • Reductions by at least a factor of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 or 1000 are possible.
  • An attenuation can also be expressed in dB, whereby extinction ratios of at least 3 dB, at least 10 dB, at least 20 dB, at least 30 dB or at least 40 dB are preferred.
  • the attenuation is preferably so strong that a perception of the attenuated, unwanted direct sound is substantially prevented by the human ear and there is essentially no haze of the room noise by the Haas effect. It may be preferable to attenuate only certain frequency ranges of the signal. For example, low frequency ranges, for example.
  • Attenuation are excluded and / but not generated as output signals because they are z. B. are essentially not perceived by the human ear and / or can be generated by speakers of a certain minimum size difficult. It has u. a. shown in experiments that the inventive speaker system sufficient attenuation can be achieved in a listener area to the Haas effect in the
  • a front speaker of the speaker system is preceded by at least one filter.
  • one filter is used per surround channel. This is further upstream of the loudspeaker upstream of the loudspeaker.
  • the filter is a finite impulse response filter (FI R filter). This filter has a finite impulse response and is known in the art.
  • the filter is preferably a digital filter. Digital filters are particularly easy and inexpensive to implement.
  • FI R filters are easy to implement, inexpensive, and are particularly stable in their signal response and less susceptible to vibration compared to Infinite Impulse Response (I I R) filters, which are infinite impulse response filters.
  • I I R Infinite Impulse Response
  • An FI R filter is preferably realized by an integrated circuit, for. B. one
  • Microprocessor There may also be other integrated circuits used in the digital
  • an FI R filter may be realized by a DSP processor chip.
  • Circuit can also comprise several FI R filters.
  • digital FI R filters are particularly easy to program. It was surprising that a FI R filter could be used to attenuate a direct sound of a surround sound channel, which can also be realized by a low-cost and easy to program and standard DSP chip. This saves costs and keeps the development time of the speaker system low.
  • a non-frontal radiating loudspeaker is preceded by a delay element, with which the duration of an electronic signal can be changed. This is preferably upstream of the amplifier.
  • This delay element works preferably on a digital basis.
  • a specific electronic signal which is to become an output signal generated by the non-frontal loudspeaker can be delayed within the time setting range of the delay element.
  • this delay can preferably be a few nanoseconds (ns), a few microseconds (ts), a few milliseconds (ms) and / or up to 0.5 seconds (s) and can be set with a suitable resolution.
  • a delay between 1 ts and 10 ms with a resolution of less than 10 is.
  • a delay element is preferably realized by an integrated circuit, for. B. a microprocessor. There may also be other integrated circuits used in the digital
  • a delay element can be realized by a DSP processor chip.
  • An integrated Circuit can also comprise a plurality of delay elements.
  • FIR filter and delay element (s) can be connected to the same integrated circuit, e.g. As a DSP chip, be realized.
  • a delay element and a filter are configured to relatively match the output signals of the front speaker and at least one non-frontal loudspeaker of a surround channel to attenuate unwanted direct sound of that non-frontal loudspeaker in one
  • Direct sound preferably achieved by an adaptation of the filter and the delay element by the FIR filter has an adequate impulse response and the delay element causes a suitable delay of the electronic signal.
  • a person skilled in the art knows how an at least partially destructive interference between a direct sound and a
  • an FIR filter may be configured so that an electronic signal of a surround channel is (phase) inverted and simultaneously (preferably frequency dependent) adjusted in level. This signal is then fed to the front speaker. In this way it can be made possible that the
  • Output signal of the filter downstream front speaker in the audience area inverted and otherwise equal to an unwanted direct sound of a non-frontal radiating speaker of the surround channel.
  • the delay element substantially compensates for the signal delay of an FIR filter.
  • a preferred electronic construction is as follows: An electronic signal of a
  • the interference is substantially destructive and the desired attenuation is achieved in the listener area in the desired spectral range. That means the Matching the attenuating signals need not be perfect, it is enough to achieve the preferred attenuation that will improve the surround sound experience.
  • the speaker system is a particularly simple system for surround sound generation, in which the sweet spot can be relatively large. By the preferred use of non-directional speakers not frontal radiating while the audience range is surprisingly large.
  • non-frontal radiating speakers are used, so preferably an output signal of a front speaker to attenuation and the use of a single FIR filter from.
  • the transit time differences of the direct sound of the various non-frontal radiating speakers can be z. B. via respective, the non-frontal radiating speakers upstream delay songs are customized.
  • a single Fl R filter can be used per surround channel to attenuate the direct sound. It was surprising that in this way a very wide audience range can be generated by effectively extinguishing the direct sound without having to use multiple FIR filters.
  • the front loudspeaker may preferably be used as an output signal in addition to the explicitly for
  • Attenuation signal of a surround sound signal conditioned signal of at least one FIR filter play a separate channel, z.
  • a separate channel For example, a classic stereo channel (left or right) or a center channel.
  • These signals can be present as an output signal at the same time, since the energy of the attenuation signal is consumed in generating the at least partial destructive interference and thus no longer by a listener
  • the energy of its own channel can reach the ear of a listener and can be perceived unclouded.
  • the configuration of the at least one FIR filter and the delay of a delay song are set at the factory during manufacture and that they are adapted to the dimensions and geometries of average spaces z. B. orientate average living room of consumers.
  • the configuration for attenuating a direct sound can be adapted automatically or manually to individually different premises, situations and / or listening areas.
  • Front loudspeaker for attenuation of direct sound.
  • delay element per surround channel with a downstream side / to the ceiling directed speaker with an upstream delay element.
  • filter with several downstream front speakers to attenuate the
  • This constellation is a particularly simple structure, which provides in a surprising way for excellent surround sound, especially when the non-frontal speakers are spatially close to each other.
  • multiple FIR filters will not be used for a surround channel, e.g. B. to mitigate various laterally / to the ceiling directed speaker of this channel.
  • An adaptation to several laterally / to the ceiling directed speakers of a surround channel is particularly easy over multiple delay elements possible. So the structure remains very simple with improved performance.
  • a compact loudspeaker system for generating surround sound, which can be kept particularly inexpensive, compact and easy to manufacture by using less simple and less expensive components.
  • the at least one non-frontal loudspeaker and the at least one front loudspeaker are positioned at a small spatial distance from one another.
  • the distance between two speakers is preferably less than the size of the speakers used.
  • the distance between the loudspeakers is preferably the spatial area between the outer boundaries of two adjacent loudspeakers.
  • small non-frontal speakers are used, which are particularly less directive.
  • a particularly wide radiation range of the reflected surround channel can be achieved, at the same time the extinction of the direct sound works very well.
  • non-frontal radiating speakers may have a membrane diameter (preferably indicates the size of the speaker) of 50 millimeters (mm) or less, preferably 40 mm or less, more preferably 30 mm or less, and most preferably 20 mm or less.
  • the distance between the front loudspeaker and adjacent loudspeakers not radiating from the front could also preferably be smaller than the size of the loudspeaker which does not radiate from the front.
  • the front speaker is not particularly large and thus not particularly directive and / or directed (preferably based on the divergence of the Abschallkegels).
  • the front-end speaker may have a membrane diameter of 70 mm or less, preferably 60 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less, more preferably 40 mm or less, and most preferably 30 mm or less.
  • a front speaker does not have to be the same size as a non-frontal speaker.
  • the above-mentioned size be scaled in relation to the size of the listener area and / or the sound pressure to be generated for this purpose.
  • At least one FIR filter and / or at least one delay element is implemented by a DSP chip.
  • a DSP chip for the speaker system can be used. This makes it very compact and inexpensive. It is also preferable to use a plurality of DSP chips. This allows a particularly good adjustability and / or configurability of the speaker system can be achieved.
  • Such a system is particularly simple, inexpensive and fast to implement. Standard components can be used. DSP chips are also special
  • DSP chips also offer the advantage that they allow for further standard sound effects and adjustments at the same time.
  • the relative adjustment of the output signals of the front speaker and the non frontal radiating loudspeaker with respect to the amplitude, the phase response and the frequency response is made.
  • the attenuation signal sent out by the at least one front loudspeaker is preferably adjusted accordingly, since this signal contains no information for a listener.
  • Adjustment in particular of the phase can then be achieved via the delay element by the at least one non-frontal radiating speaker.
  • the delay element is configured for a delay to compensate for a latency of the output signal of the front loudspeaker caused by the FIR filter.
  • An FIR filter has a certain electronic signal transit time, which is preferably referred to as latency and must be compensated so that the attenuation signal and direct sound in the listener area essentially destructively interfere with one another.
  • the delay differences between the attenuation signal and the direct sound are also preferably taken into account, which may exist due to different spatial distances between the speakers involved and the listener area. As a result, it is particularly easy to achieve an adaptation of the output signals of the front loudspeaker, which leads to the attenuation of the direct sound.
  • the relative matching of the output signals of the front loudspeaker and the non-frontal loudspeaker to attenuate the unwanted direct sound causes a partially destructive interference between the output signal of the front loudspeaker and the unwanted direct sound of the non-frontal loudspeaker in the audience area.
  • the destructive interference is preferred here only partially, since preferably only the attenuation signal of the output signal substantially destructively interferes with the direct sound and any part of the output signal of the front speaker, which serves to reproduce own channel information, does not interact substantially by interference with the direct sound.
  • a particularly effective attenuation can be achieved, in which preferably the front loudspeaker preferably simultaneously reproduces its own channel information. This can save resources.
  • the relative adaptation of the output signals of the front loudspeaker and the non-frontal loudspeaker to attenuate the unwanted direct sound in the audience area relates to such output signals whose frequencies comprise the middle and high frequencies.
  • a person skilled in the audio field knows what is meant by middle and high tone range, in particular in contrast to the low frequency range. It has been shown that lower frequencies are difficult to locate for human hearing anyway. Therefore, at lower frequencies, the Haas effect essentially plays little or no role. Of these, preferred frequencies between about 0 Hz and 800 Hz, more preferably up to 300 Hz, more preferably between 50 Hz and 200 Hz and in particular between 100 Hz and 150 Hz are affected. This may also depend on a woofer used.
  • a maximum frequency results at most from the fact that from a certain pitch, the membrane of the speakers must be very small. Therefore, depending on the loudspeakers actually used, there may be a maximum frequency, preferably with respect to the non-frontal radiating speakers. This can, for. B. at 12 kilohertz (kHz) are.
  • Frontal and non-frontal loudspeakers may also preferably be so-called multi-way loudspeakers comprising midrange and tweeter (in the sense of the preferably radiated frequency ranges).
  • the use of additional tweeters may preferably provide for improved sound quality, increase the maximum frequency, and reduce directivity, thereby achieving a broad sweet spot.
  • a channel is associated with the front-end speaker, with a signal from an FIR filter being added to a channel signal to produce the output of the front speaker.
  • the signal from an audio channel and the attenuation signal can be simultaneously contained by the front speaker as an output signal.
  • the skilled person is aware of suitable circuits for the addition of an electrical audio signal.
  • the circuit is preferably digital.
  • the circuit may preferably be integrated in a DSP chip. In this case, the DSP chip may be the same chip on which there is also (at least) one FIR filter and / or one delay element.
  • the signal processing can be kept very simple and compact.
  • a high-pass filter is connected upstream of the FIR filter.
  • the filter is not supplied. This can reduce the processing power of the FIR filter, reduce latency, reduce power consumption, and make the filter simpler to design.
  • the restriction to exclude low frequencies from the attenuation of the FIR filter further reduces the required processing power of the DSP chip, so even cheaper chips can be used. It is particularly advantageous that FIR filters commonly require more computing power, the deeper they are to act in the frequency domain. This results in a synergistic effect.
  • the at least one front speaker can be made smaller, which makes the system more compact and improves the sound quality of the front speaker at high frequencies.
  • the high-pass filter may preferably be implemented using a DSP Chips, in particular by the same chip on which there is also (at least) a FIR filter and / or a delay element can be realized.
  • the high-pass filter has a cut-off frequency between 50 Hz and 200 Hz, preferably between 100 Hz and 150 Hz. These frequencies have been found to be particularly effective in achieving the above objectives. Also, filters for these frequencies can be realized particularly easily.
  • cut-off frequencies may be preferred. So the speaker system can be customized.
  • the non-frontal radiating loudspeakers include side loudspeakers and / or ceiling loudspeakers. As a result, a comprehensive surround sound experience can be generated.
  • the invention relates to a method for attenuating unwanted direct sound of at least one non-frontal-emitting loudspeaker in a loudspeaker system listener area for reproducing at least one channel, preferably as described above
  • the filter is an FIR filter and the delay element and the FIR filter are configured to relatively match the output signals of the front speaker and at least one non-frontal loudspeaker of a surround channel to attenuate unwanted direct sound of the non-frontal loudspeaker in a listener area.
  • the relative adjustment of the output signals of the front loudspeaker and the non-frontal radiating loudspeaker with respect to the amplitude, the phase response and the frequency response is made.
  • the relative adjustment of the output signals of the front loudspeaker and the non-frontal loudspeaker causes the attenuation of unwanted direct sound by partially destructive interference between the output of the front speaker and the unwanted direct sound of the non-frontal loudspeaker in the audience area.
  • the invention relates to a method for adapting an FIR filter and a delay song for attenuating unwanted direct sound at least at least one non-frontal radiating loudspeaker in a loudspeaker area for a loudspeaker system with at least 1 channel, preferably as described above, comprising the following steps:
  • a first measurement in the listener area in which an output signal of at least one front loudspeaker is generated from an electronic signal and measured in the direction of the loudspeaker system;
  • a second measurement in the listener area in which a direct sound from at least one non-frontal loudspeaker is generated from the electronic signal and measured in the direction of the loudspeaker system;
  • a third measurement is generated from the electronic signal, an output signal of the non-frontal-emitting speaker and is measured approximately at a preferred position of a reflection of the output signal in the emission direction of the non-frontal radiating speaker;
  • This method is preferably used to determine a filter function and / or suitable filter coefficients.
  • at least one microphone is preferably used.
  • the microphone can preferably be held in the measuring direction and / or should have a suitable measuring sensitivity at least in the measuring direction.
  • a highly directional measurement sensitivity of the microphone may be preferred in certain cases, but is usually not needed.
  • standard microphones and / or particularly compact microphones can be used for the measurement.
  • the measurement is preferably always preceded by the same electronic acoustic signal which is supplied to the different loudspeakers to produce an output signal.
  • the transfer function of the respective sound can be measured up to the listener area.
  • the direction in which is measured is preferably the same in the first measurement and the second measurement.
  • the only difference is that in measurement 1 only the at least one front loudspeaker, in measurement 2 a lateral / upper (not frontal radiating) loudspeaker produces an output signal. Therefore, in the first measurement, preferably the direct output signal of the front speaker is measured, in the second measurement preferably the direct sound.
  • the electronic signal for controlling the respective loudspeakers is preferably the same, so that only a transfer function is measured, which depends on the spatial conditions, the configuration of the loudspeaker system and the loudspeakers themselves.
  • the microphone is approximately at the preferred position of the surface to be reflected, so z. B. approximately where a wall is located. It is thereby measured in the direction of the non-frontal radiating loudspeaker, which in turn is preferably driven by the same electronic signal, with other loudspeakers simultaneously emitting no signal (as in the other measurements).
  • the measurement is preferably used to tune the frequency ranges, for example, the high and possibly.
  • Measurement 3 is preferably a pure tuning or optimization measure and is in principle not necessary for the mode of action.
  • measurement 2 is divided by measurement 1 in the frequency image.
  • Hdiff HDirectschaii / H Front, where HDirectschaii is preferably associated with the second measurement and HFront with the first measurement.
  • Hdiff is then preferably the filter function with which HFront is to be multiplied in order to achieve the attenuation or to adapt the level of the attenuation signal to the direct sound.
  • HFIR - Hdiff Front-
  • the measurement 3 in comparison to the measurement 2 preferably shows in which frequency ranges the two measurements, or the reflected (desired) sound and the undesired direct sound, basically differ (not only from the level).
  • the frequency range preferably only the frequency range must be observed and fed to the FIR filter, in which both signals are similar (except for the level).
  • the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter is preferably set at approximately slightly below the frequency at which the two measured curves begin to diverge.
  • At least one microphone is used for the measurements and a control device of the loudspeaker system is configured to automatically adjust the FIR filter and the delay song.
  • At least one suitable microphone could be included in the delivery of the loudspeaker system. This could preferably be integrated in a remote control of the speaker system.
  • a suitable control device can be realized in particular by a suitable integrated circuit. It may also preferably be partially integrated essentially on a DSP chip, on which particularly preferably also at least one FIR filter and / or a delay song is present.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a speaker system of the prior art.
  • Figure 2 shows a further schematic representation of a speaker system of the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically the basic principle of the attenuation of a direct sound.
  • Figure 4 shows the schematic structure of the speaker system.
  • Figure 5 shows a measurement of unwanted direct sound and desired reflected sound without attenuation.
  • Figure 6 shows a measurement of unwanted direct sound and desired reflected sound with attenuation.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a speaker system 1 of the prior art for generating surround sound. It is characterized by a non-frontal beaming
  • Speaker generates an output signal 5, which is reflected on a wall 8 6 and so in a listener 9 in the listener area 11 to create the feeling that the sound source would be at the place of reflection.
  • an unwanted direct sound 7 is generated by the non-frontal radiating speaker, which reaches a listener 9 in the listener area 11 due to the shorter path in front of the reflected sound 6. Due to the Haas effect, the listener 9 will make a location of the sound source due to the direct sound. Thus, the room sound experience to be generated by the reflected sound 6 is clouded.
  • Figure 2 shows an identical loudspeaker system 1 of the prior art. Here, an oriented in the direction of the wall 8, not frontal radiating speaker 3 is shown.
  • Figure 3 shows the basic principle of attenuation of unwanted direct sound 7. Links here is again the known from the prior art constellation for the production of ambient sound represented, in which undesirable direct sound 7 is formed.
  • Loudspeaker system 1 on the right side additionally has a front loudspeaker 13 whose output signal 15 contains an attenuation signal which attenuates the unwanted direct sound 7 by appropriate adaptation, so that only a strongly attenuated sound signal 17 arrives at a listener 9 in the listener area 11.
  • the listener reaches substantially only the desired, reflected sound 6 from a surround channel of a non-frontal loudspeaker 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically the structure of the speaker system.
  • An electronic signal 19 of a surround channel is split at a signal splitter 21 and fed in a signal to a FIR filter 23, which is a front speaker 13 upstream.
  • the FIR filter By the FIR filter, the electronic signal 19 of the surround channel is adjusted so that the front speaker 13 generates an output signal which is used to attenuate the direct sound.
  • the electronic signal 19 of the surround channel in the other signal arm is timed by a delay element 25 before being supplied to a non-frontal radiating loudspeaker 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a measurement in a listener range of reflected sound and direct sound as a function of time in the case of a pulse-like output signal of the non-frontal beam
  • FIG. 6 shows the same measurement with simultaneous attenuation of the direct sound according to the invention. It can be seen that essentially no direct sound is measured anymore. The surround sound effect is generated.
  • Embodiments of the invention can be used to carry out the invention and to arrive at the solution according to the invention.
  • the loudspeaker system according to the invention and the method are thus not limited in their embodiments to the above preferred embodiments. Rather, a variety of design variants is conceivable, which may differ from the illustrated solution.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de haut-parleurs qui emploie un ou plusieurs canaux émis latéralement et/ou émis vers le plafond pour produire par réflexion contre les murs et/ou les plafonds une sensation de son ambiophonique dans la zone des auditeurs. Il s'agit desdits canaux de son ambiophonique qui sont générés par des haut-parleurs ne rayonnant pas de manière frontale. En même temps sont générés des signaux de sortie non souhaités, ledit son direct, qui parvient directement, sans réflexions, dans la zone des auditeurs et perturbe la sensation de son ambiophonique. Pour affaiblir le son direct non souhaité, pour chaque canal de son ambiophonique, un haut-parleur frontal émet un signal adapté de manière appropriée par un filtre FIR. La génération temporelle d'un signal de son ambiophonique est alors adaptée par au moins un élément de retard. Un son direct et un signal adapté sont alors présents dans une zone des auditeurs de sorte que le bruit direct est affaibli. Par rapport à des systèmes connus de l'état de la technique, du son direct non souhaité est affaibli efficacement et simplement par l'utilisation d'au moins un filtre à réponse impulsionnelle finie (filtre FIR) et par au moins un élément de retard. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé d'affaiblissement de son direct et de détermination de fonctions de filtrage pour l'affaiblissement de son direct.
EP18762485.3A 2017-08-28 2018-08-28 Système de haut-parleurs pour son ambiophonique avec suppression des bruits directs non souhaités Active EP3677053B1 (fr)

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DE102017119650 2017-08-28
PCT/EP2018/073100 WO2019042978A1 (fr) 2017-08-28 2018-08-28 Système de haut-parleurs pour son ambiophonique avec suppression des bruits directs non souhaités

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CN112672084A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-16 海信视像科技股份有限公司 显示装置及扬声器音效调整方法
US11271607B2 (en) 2019-11-06 2022-03-08 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg Test system and method for testing a transmission path of a cable connection between a first and a second position
US11741093B1 (en) 2021-07-21 2023-08-29 T-Mobile Usa, Inc. Intermediate communication layer to translate a request between a user of a database and the database
US11924711B1 (en) 2021-08-20 2024-03-05 T-Mobile Usa, Inc. Self-mapping listeners for location tracking in wireless personal area networks

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US5815578A (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-09-29 Aureal Semiconductor, Inc. Method and apparatus for canceling leakage from a speaker
US7606377B2 (en) * 2006-05-12 2009-10-20 Cirrus Logic, Inc. Method and system for surround sound beam-forming using vertically displaced drivers
TWI635753B (zh) * 2013-01-07 2018-09-11 美商杜比實驗室特許公司 使用向上發聲驅動器之用於反射聲音呈現的虛擬高度濾波器
EP3338466B1 (fr) * 2015-08-21 2021-06-16 DTS, Inc. Procédé et appareil à haut-parleurs multiples pour une annulation de fuite

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DE102018120958A1 (de) 2019-02-28
PL3677053T3 (pl) 2022-10-10
WO2019042978A1 (fr) 2019-03-07

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