EP3733576A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'enroulement d'un film sur une machine d'emballage - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'enroulement d'un film sur une machine d'emballage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3733576A1
EP3733576A1 EP20160698.5A EP20160698A EP3733576A1 EP 3733576 A1 EP3733576 A1 EP 3733576A1 EP 20160698 A EP20160698 A EP 20160698A EP 3733576 A1 EP3733576 A1 EP 3733576A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiving
receiving sleeve
mandrel
sleeve
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20160698.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3733576B1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Gabler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3733576A1 publication Critical patent/EP3733576A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3733576B1 publication Critical patent/EP3733576B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/18—Constructional details
    • B65H75/22—Constructional details collapsible; with removable parts
    • B65H75/2218—Collapsible hubs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H18/00—Winding webs
    • B65H18/02—Supporting web roll
    • B65H18/026—Cantilever type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H18/00—Winding webs
    • B65H18/08—Web-winding mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/04—Kinds or types
    • B65H75/08—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section
    • B65H75/10—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section without flanges, e.g. cop tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/18—Constructional details
    • B65H75/24—Constructional details adjustable in configuration, e.g. expansible
    • B65H75/242—Expansible spindles, mandrels or chucks, e.g. for securing or releasing cores, holders or packages
    • B65H75/246—Expansible spindles, mandrels or chucks, e.g. for securing or releasing cores, holders or packages expansion caused by relative rotation around the supporting spindle or core axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2405/00—Parts for holding the handled material
    • B65H2405/40—Holders, supports for rolls
    • B65H2405/42—Supports for rolls fully removable from the handling machine
    • B65H2405/421—Supports for rolls fully removable from the handling machine and serving also as package

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the winding of a film on a packaging machine.
  • Foil webs are processed in packaging machines such as tray closing machines or thermoforming packaging machines.
  • packaging is closed by sealing on a film supplied as a film web.
  • a film remnant lattice can remain from the fed film web, which is wound up on a winding device and then removed as a roll from the packaging machine.
  • Such winding devices generally have a rotatable take-up mandrel around which the film is wound. In general, it must be ensured that the roll produced during winding can still be removed from the take-up mandrel.
  • a device for winding a film on a packaging machine according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.
  • the film scrap lattice is not wound directly onto the take-up mandrel, but a take-up sleeve that can be pushed onto the take-up mandrel is provided to take up the film.
  • the receiving sleeve comprises link elements which are pivotably connected to one another by means of hinges aligned parallel to a central axis of the receiving sleeve.
  • the receiving mandrel comprises tensioning means in the form of paddles, which can be adjusted in the radial extent of the receiving mandrel in order to be able to clamp the attached receiving sleeve in a torque-proof manner. Due to the torque-proof tension, the holding sleeve is rotated with the holding mandrel and the film scrap can be wound up. If the resulting roll is then to be removed, the clamping means of the receiving mandrel are folded radially inward so that the receiving sleeve with the roll rolled up on it can be pulled off axially from the receiving mandrel.
  • segments of the receiving sleeve can be folded inwards towards the central axis of the receiving sleeve so that the receiving sleeve is transferred from an essentially cylindrical configuration to a folded, unstable configuration in which it can be removed from the film roll.
  • the receiving sleeve can then be reused for winding up another roll of film.
  • the provision of the receiving sleeve makes it easier to pull the unwound film roll from the receiving mandrel.
  • the receiving sleeve can absorb and / or evenly distribute compression forces, thereby increasing the stability of the device.
  • the disadvantage of the known system is the complex structure of the receiving mandrel with the clamping means, which can be adjusted in the radial extent of the receiving mandrel, for the torque-proof clamping of the receiving sleeve.
  • the tensioning means can be damaged due to the high compression forces that occur, especially when winding very elastic films.
  • the operation is also comparatively complex, since the clamping means have to be adjusted in each case when the receiving sleeve is attached to and removed from the receiving mandrel.
  • Another difficulty is the correct setting of the clamping elements, so that on the one hand a torque-proof clamping of the receiving sleeve is guaranteed, but on the other hand no excessive loads act on the clamping elements.
  • the receiving sleeve is formed by segments arranged next to one another along a circumference of the receiving sleeve. Adjacent segments of the receiving sleeve are pivotally connected to one another.
  • the receiving mandrel is designed as a rigid body which has engagement structures.
  • the engagement structures are configured to interact when the receiving sleeve is pushed onto the receiving mandrel with shape features of an inner circumference of the receiving sleeve, so that a rotation of the receiving mandrel about the axis of rotation of the receiving mandrel causes the receiving sleeve to rotate at the same time.
  • the film in particular a residual film grid
  • the film roll wound in this way can be removed by pulling the take-up mandrel from the take-up sleeve.
  • the formation of the receiving sleeve from segments that are pivotably connected to one another makes it easier to remove the receiving sleeve from the inner circumference of the film roll after the receiving sleeve has been pulled off the receiving mandrel.
  • the receiving mandrel Due to the interaction of the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel with the shape features of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve, a rotationally fixed connection between the receiving sleeve and the receiving mandrel can be achieved even without the provision of movable clamping elements, so that the receiving sleeve rotates with the rotation of the receiving mandrel becomes.
  • the receiving mandrel with the engagement structures as a rigid body, the device becomes particularly stable and can easily withstand the high compression forces that occur even when winding highly elastic foils. With the rigidly designed engagement structures on the receiving mandrel, it is ensured in a simple manner without further measures by the operator that the mounted receiving sleeve rotates with it.
  • adjacent segments of the receiving sleeve are preferably connected to one another about pivot axes which run parallel to the axis of rotation of the receiving mandrel. This enables the receiving sleeve to be brought into an unstable configuration after the receiving sleeve has been removed from the receiving mandrel by pivoting segments of the receiving sleeve in the direction of the interior of the receiving sleeve, in which it can be folded up and removed from the inside of the wound roll.
  • the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel can run parallel to the axis of rotation of the receiving mandrel.
  • the engagement structures are preferably distributed symmetrically along a circumference of the receiving mandrel. In this way, a uniform transmission of force between the receiving sleeve and the receiving mandrel is achieved. In addition, it becomes possible to slide the receiving sleeve onto the receiving mandrel in different rotational orientations.
  • a particularly good and evenly distributed force transmission between the receiving sleeve and the receiving mandrel is achieved if at least four engagement structures are provided along the circumference of the receiving mandrel.
  • the number of engagement structures preferably corresponds to the number of segments of the receiving sleeve.
  • the segments of the receiving sleeve can thus be adapted particularly well to the shape of the receiving mandrel by pivoting with respect to adjacent segments.
  • the engagement structures can be designed, for example, as projections and / or as ribs of the receiving mandrel. Structures of this kind are easy to manufacture and are well suited to interacting with shape features of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve.
  • the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel and the shape features of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve can have mutually corresponding shapes.
  • the engagement structures and the shape features have shapes that are complementary to one another. This enables good power transmission to be achieved.
  • the shape features of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve, with which the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel interact can be defined by the mutual arrangement of the segments of the receiving sleeve.
  • adjoining segments of the receiving sleeve can be at a certain angle to one another when the receiving sleeve is plugged on. This angle can define a shape feature of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve, in which an engagement structure of the receiving mandrel engages.
  • the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel can also be defined by the shape of the individual segments of the receiving sleeve.
  • the segments of the receiving sleeve can have a specific surface profile on their side directed into the interior of the receiving sleeve, into which the engagement structures can engage.
  • a safety device is preferably provided, which is configured to secure an axial position of the receiving sleeve on the receiving mandrel. This can prevent the receiving sleeve from becoming detached from the receiving mandrel when the receiving mandrel is rotated.
  • the safety device can be, for example, an elastic element provided on the receiving mandrel.
  • an elastic element could for example be an O-ring, a silicone ring or a spring ring.
  • the elastic element could be present between an outer circumference of the receiving mandrel and the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve.
  • the elastic element could oppose an axial movement of the receiving sleeve on the receiving mandrel with a certain holding force.
  • the holding force is preferably selected so that the receiving sleeve does not come loose by itself during operation, but it is still possible for an operator to remove the receiving sleeve (in particular with the film wound on it).
  • the securing device could also comprise a wedge system.
  • the wedge system could, for example, comprise one or more wedges which are at least partially pushed between the receiving mandrel and the receiving sleeve placed thereon and thus secure the receiving sleeve along an axial direction.
  • the invention also comprises a method for winding a film on a packaging machine.
  • the device according to the invention is suitable, designed and configured for performing the method. Features described in relation to the device can be transferred to the method and vice versa.
  • a method for winding up a film on a packaging machine comprises plugging a receiving sleeve onto a receiving mandrel designed as a rigid body with engagement structures.
  • the receiving sleeve is formed by segments arranged next to one another along a circumference of the receiving sleeve, with adjacent segments being pivotably connected to one another.
  • the arbor is driven to rotate about an axis of rotation.
  • the engagement structures of the receiving mandrel interact with the shape features of an inner circumference of the attached receiving sleeve in such a way that the rotation of the receiving mandrel about the axis of rotation causes the receiving sleeve to rotate, the film being wound onto the receiving sleeve.
  • the method preferably also includes securing an axial position of the receiving sleeve on the receiving mandrel with a safety device.
  • the safety device can for example comprise an elastic element provided on the receiving ring, in particular an O-ring, a silicone ring or a spring ring.
  • the securing device can also comprise a wedge system.
  • the receiving sleeve with the wound film can be pulled off the receiving mandrel.
  • a configuration of the receiving sleeve can then be changed such that it can be removed from the wound film roll.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a packaging machine 1 with a device 3 according to the invention for winding up a film 5.
  • the packaging machine 1 is shown as a tray closing machine. This has a feed belt 7 with which the filled trays are conveyed to a closing station 9. The trays are transferred to the closing station 9 with a gripper device 11 and closed there with a cover sheet 5 (sheet) fed from above by sealing the cover sheet 5 on. The finished packaging is transferred from the closing station 9 to a discharge belt 15 via the gripper system 11.
  • regions of the cover film 5 corresponding to the packaging or packaging assemblies are cut out of the web of the cover film 5 in the closing station 9.
  • a residual film grid of the cover film 5 remains, which is wound up with the device 3 for winding up the film 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the device 3 for winding the film 5.
  • the device 3 comprises a receiving mandrel 17 which is arranged to be rotatable about an axis of rotation D by means of a drive device 19.
  • a receiving sleeve 21 is pushed onto the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the receiving sleeve 21 rotates with the receiving mandrel 17, the film 5 being wound onto the receiving sleeve 21.
  • the receiving sleeve 21 comprises a multiplicity of segments 23 which extend parallel to the axis of rotation D. Adjacent segments 23 are connected to one another in a pivotable manner, the corresponding pivot axes S likewise running parallel to the axis of rotation D of the receiving mandrel 17.
  • Fig. 3 shows an illustration of the device 3 for winding up the film 5, in which the receiving sleeve 21 has been pulled off the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the receiving mandrel 17 is designed as a rigid body which has engagement structures 25.
  • the essentially cylindrical receiving mandrel 17 comprises grooves extending parallel to its axis of rotation D, between which rib-shaped elevations are defined, which form the engagement structures 25.
  • the receiving sleeve 21 can be pushed onto the receiving mandrel 17 parallel to the axis of rotation D of the receiving mandrel 17.
  • a stop 27 (for example in the form of a grub screw) is provided on the receiving mandrel 17, which defines a possible end position of the receiving sleeve 21 when it is pushed onto the receiving mandrel 17.
  • a safety device can be provided in order to hold the receiving sleeve 21 on the receiving mandrel 17 after it has been attached.
  • the securing device comprises an elastic element 29 which is designed in the form of a ring and extends around the outer circumference of the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the elastic element 29 can in particular be received in a groove in the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the elastic element 29 lies between an outer circumference of the receiving mandrel 17 and an inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 and counteracts an axial sliding down of the receiving sleeve 21 from the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the securing device can also comprise a wedge system 31, which can have one or more wedges which, after the receiving sleeve 21 has been pushed onto the receiving mandrel 17, can be at least partially inserted between the receiving mandrel 17 and the receiving sleeve 21 in order to adjust the axial position of the To secure the receiving sleeve 21 on the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the resulting film roll can be pulled off the take-up mandrel 17 together with the take-up sleeve 21.
  • the wedge system 31 can first be removed if necessary.
  • the receiving sleeve 21 with the film roll can then be pulled off, if necessary by overcoming the retaining force of the elastic element 29.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic view looking along the axis of rotation D of the receiving mandrel 17 the receiving mandrel 17 and the attached receiving sleeve 21.
  • the segments 23 of the receiving sleeve 21 are formed by link elements, each of which has two receiving openings 33 extending parallel to the axis of rotation D. include. Adjacent segments 23 are inserted into one another along a circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 in such a way that corresponding openings 33 of adjacent segments 23 overlap and form a common receiving opening for bolts or rods 34 (only two shown), which connect adjacent segments 23 to one another in a pivotable manner.
  • the receiving sleeve 21 comprises twenty segments 23. Due to the relatively high number of segments 23, the shape of the receiving sleeve 21 can be adapted relatively well to the shape of the receiving mandrel 17, in particular a substantially cylindrical shape. However, a different number of segments 23 would also be conceivable.
  • the segments 23 are shaped on their inwardly directed side in such a way that they each have inwardly pointing bulges 35 and areas 37 which protrude less inwardly than the bulges 35. Because of this shape of the individual segments 23, the overall inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 is uneven. The shape of the segments 23 thus forms features 39 of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21.
  • the engagement structures 25 of the receiving mandrel 17 are designed such that they interact with the shape features 39 of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21, so that a rotation of the receiving mandrel 17 about the axis of rotation D causes the receiving sleeve 21 to rotate.
  • the engagement structures 25 of the receiving mandrel 17 are designed for this purpose in the form of ribs which extend parallel to the axis of rotation D of the receiving mandrel 17.
  • Fig. 4 is not shown true to scale, it can be seen that there is a certain play between the shape features 39 of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 and the engagement structures 25 of the receiving mandrel 17, at least before the film 5 is rolled up. This ensures that the receiving sleeve 21 can be pushed onto the receiving mandrel 17.
  • the bolts or rods 34 are preferably also provided with play in the openings 33 of the segments 23 of the receiving sleeve 21.
  • a pressure acting radially inward is exerted from the outside on the take-up sleeve 21, so that it attaches even better to the take-up mandrel 17 due to the play of the bolts or rods 34 in the openings 33 and its engagement structures 25 applies, so that the power transmission between the receiving mandrel 17 and the receiving sleeve 21 is improved.
  • Due to the pressure acting from the outside the segments 23 stabilize each other, so that the overall shape of the receiving sleeve 21 is stabilized. This ensures that the receiving sleeve 21 can still be pulled off the receiving mandrel 17 in the axial direction even after the film 5 has been wound up.
  • Fig. 5 shows in to the view Fig. 4 analogous perspective an exemplary alternative embodiment of the receiving mandrel 17 and the receiving sleeve 21.
  • the segments 23 of the receiving sleeve 21 are formed by flat plates extending parallel to the axis of rotation D of the receiving mandrel 17. Adjacent segments 23 in turn have overlapping openings 33 for receiving bolts or rods 34, so that the adjacent segments 23 are connected to one another in a pivotable manner.
  • An inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 results in this embodiment in the form of a polygon.
  • the corners of the polygon form shape features 39 of the inner circumference of the receiving sleeve 21 for the transmission of force between the receiving mandrel 17 and the receiving sleeve 21.
  • the receiving mandrel 17 is equipped with a corresponding polygonal circumference.
  • the corners of this polygonal circumference form engagement structures 25 for engaging the shape features 39 of the receiving sleeve 21.
  • Fig. 6 shows the receiving sleeve 21 of the embodiment Fig. 5 After rolling up the film 5 and pulling off the receiving sleeve 21 with the film roll from the receiving mandrel 17. Due to the pivotability of adjacent segments 23 of the receiving sleeve 21, the receiving sleeve 21 can be converted into an unstable configuration in the removed state in which it can be removed from the interior of the film roll is. As in Fig. 6 shown, for this purpose segments 23 of the receiving sleeve 21 are pivoted inwardly towards a central axis of the receiving sleeve 21. Removal of the receiving sleeve 21 is based on the same principle for the embodiment of FIG Figs. 2 to 4 possible.

Landscapes

  • Winding Of Webs (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
EP20160698.5A 2019-04-30 2020-03-03 Dispositif et procédé d'enroulement d'un film sur une machine d'emballage Active EP3733576B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019206153.2A DE102019206153A1 (de) 2019-04-30 2019-04-30 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufwickeln einer Folie an einer Verpackungsmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3733576A1 true EP3733576A1 (fr) 2020-11-04
EP3733576B1 EP3733576B1 (fr) 2023-05-03

Family

ID=69770495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20160698.5A Active EP3733576B1 (fr) 2019-04-30 2020-03-03 Dispositif et procédé d'enroulement d'un film sur une machine d'emballage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11254533B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3733576B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN212315040U (fr)
DE (1) DE102019206153A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2949673T3 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1832590A (en) * 1929-02-27 1931-11-17 Foxcase Corp Reel
US2973160A (en) * 1959-01-26 1961-02-28 Mercury Engineering Corp Expandable mandrel for web rewinders
US3355121A (en) * 1966-10-13 1967-11-28 Sonoco Products Co Expansible chuck for tubular core
EP3214031A1 (fr) 2016-03-02 2017-09-06 MULTIVAC Sepp Haggenmüller SE & Co. KG Manchon de reception

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585159A (en) * 1946-06-17 1952-02-12 James C Morley Cable reel
US3396918A (en) * 1967-01-09 1968-08-13 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Expandable adapter
AU778927B2 (en) * 2000-02-24 2004-12-23 Viscount Plastics (Australia) Pty Ltd Collapsible reel assembly
AU780665B2 (en) * 2000-12-07 2005-04-07 Viscount Plastics (Australia) Pty Ltd Locking plate for a collapsible reel assembly
GB0204085D0 (en) * 2002-02-21 2002-04-10 Cg Automation Ltd Collapsible mandrel
US7036766B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2006-05-02 Maximum Production Solutions, Inc. Reusable collapsible core
US20050145746A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2005-07-07 Place James S. Reusable collapsible core
US20040113011A1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-06-17 Place James S. Reusable collapsible core
TWM330196U (en) * 2007-05-08 2008-04-11 Tsc Auto Id Technology Co Ltd Carbon ribbon for tab printer and paper winding reel
US10752464B2 (en) * 2015-08-04 2020-08-25 Nine Ip Limited Fabric roll up core for carrying sheet material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1832590A (en) * 1929-02-27 1931-11-17 Foxcase Corp Reel
US2973160A (en) * 1959-01-26 1961-02-28 Mercury Engineering Corp Expandable mandrel for web rewinders
US3355121A (en) * 1966-10-13 1967-11-28 Sonoco Products Co Expansible chuck for tubular core
EP3214031A1 (fr) 2016-03-02 2017-09-06 MULTIVAC Sepp Haggenmüller SE & Co. KG Manchon de reception

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2949673T3 (es) 2023-10-02
CN212315040U (zh) 2021-01-08
EP3733576B1 (fr) 2023-05-03
DE102019206153A1 (de) 2020-11-05
US11254533B2 (en) 2022-02-22
US20200346884A1 (en) 2020-11-05

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