Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
  • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
  • F42B33/001—Devices or processes for assembling ammunition, cartridges or cartridge elements from parts

Definitions

• the invention relates to a composite material for armor piercing incendiary (API) and incendiary projectiles, as well as a corresponding manufacturing process.
• API bullets have been state of the art for a long time and are used, for example, in the US 1380773 A described. They are used to mark hits with light and to set flammable objects on fire. So when a projectile hits it is supposed to emit a flash of light.
• FAP Frangible Armor Piercing
• An ammunition that has a multi-part structure, which in particular, but not exclusively, consists of metal powder.
• This metal powder titanium or zirconium
• This metal powder is embedded in epoxy resin and thus forms a combustible part that emits a bright light upon impact (as for example in US 5299501 A ).
• Pyrotechnic systems are widespread for larger calibers (military medium caliber). They contain a pyrotechnic charge, which is initiated on impact and emits a bright light. These pyrotechnic charges usually consist of a proportion of magnesium or aluminum and a proportion of oxygen suppliers in solid form (see for example the US 3028808 A ).
• objects that are easily ignited can also be set on fire.
• Multi-purpose projectiles also belong to the pyrotechnic systems, but in addition to luminous pyrotechnics they also have a set that explodes. This achieves a combination of target point marking, incendiary device, shrapnel production and penetration effect.
• this type of projectile has the major disadvantage that the multilayer structure required is also associated with relatively high manufacturing costs ( US 2564870 A ).
• API bullets in the small caliber area are usually constructed in three parts.
• the shoe preferably consists of a turned part made of a brass alloy. This shoe is in contact with the barrel. Therefore, a high ductility is required here. The shoe must not damage the steel barrel.
• a hard core is inserted in the center of a preferably configured projectile. This consists of a steel or tungsten alloy. The purpose of the hard core is to ensure penetration.
• the incendiary part of these bullets is provided by the titanium tip.
• the titanium tip is usually made of solid material and often has a relatively complex structure, as it is located at the tip and should still provide enough space for the long hard core. But it is also conceivable to manufacture incendiary projectiles without a hard core.
• the structure in solid titanium is questionable from a market point of view, since the material properties of the relatively expensive pure titanium are not exploited in any way. Neither ductility nor low density are decisive for the incendiary effect.
• the excellent corrosion resistance is also only of subordinate relevance. Because of the sometimes complicated Inside geometry, the volume that has to be removed by cutting is relatively large. The reason for using the material is its flammability.
• the present invention was therefore based on the object of finding a material that is more cost-effective and of finding a method that is more material-saving.
• the starting material consists of a sludge-like structure that can easily be processed into powder. This is also the reason why the powders (precursor material) of the respective materials are comparatively inexpensive.
• it is therefore particularly optimal to use a method in which the tips of the projectiles are made so that powder material can be used. This significantly reduces waste, although the contours can still be complex.
• the matrix of the composite material can be used to permanently connect the sections of the bullet shoe and core. To keep the bullet as cheap as possible, the tip should be available in the previously defined and desired color without the need for an additional dyeing process.
• the unfavorable material utilization is solved by embedding a metal powder, preferably titanium or magnesium powder, in a polymer matrix.
• the polymer composite can be molded by transfer molding or other suitable shaping methods.
• a thermoset or thermoplastic can be used as the matrix polymer.
• the metal powder fulfills the function of the incendiary device, the matrix serves as a carrier and at the same time as fastening material for the other two parts (hard core and bullet shoe).
• a connection between the main projectile and the polymer composite material is also conceivable, but this is only possible for the incendiary variant.
• the structure of a projectile according to the invention is shown in FIG.
• the polymer-metal composite preferably consists of at least 50 percent by volume of a metal powder.
• the metal powder is preferably selected from the group consisting of titanium, magnesium, aluminum, zirconium or any mixtures thereof, preferably the metal powder consists of titanium or magnesium.
• the polymer matrix preferably consists of a thermoplastic industrial plastic, for example polyetherether ketone (PEEK) or another industrial plastic. PEEK is particularly suitable for this application because of the wide temperature range in which the product can be used.
• the tip of the bullet is preferably injected directly onto the bullet shoe and the hard core. So that an improved connection is created, the bullet core and bullet shoe can be provided with a rough surface, notches or radial grooves.
• the precursor piece (FIG. 2), consisting of a bullet shoe with the core located therein, can be inserted into the injection molding tool and cast around from the tip. As a result, several work steps can be simplified or saved; for example, pressing in with a press fit to obtain the precursor piece is no longer necessary. There is also no need to put on the bullet tip and the injection molding of the bullet tip eliminates the need for an additional seal.
• a modular structure can be considered.
• the individually produced polymer composite bullet tip can be attached to the precursor with a snap lock, a bayonet lock or a press lock. This makes it a decentralized one Manufacturing possible.
• An embodiment with a projectile tip configuration that can be changed shortly before use is also possible.
• the functional principle for the light flash is explained as follows. Due to the short-term dynamic impact of the tip, the plastic reacts prone to brittle fracture, so that the plastic-metal bond breaks like a ceramic.
• the metal powder particles are released in the process. The particles are additionally warmed up by the impact friction and ignite e.g. B. with magnesium itself after a very short time.
• the titanium needs more energy until the auto-ignition temperature is reached, which is why the fire pattern is different, but ignition on impact is still possible.
• a desired effect can therefore be achieved, for example flame coloring through the addition of other elements is conceivable.
• the alkali and alkaline earth metals which often have a characteristic flame color, are particularly suitable for this. Additions of potassium, sodium, barium, calcium, lithium, boron and strontium are particularly suitable.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)

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Citations (11)

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• 2016
  • 2016-08-17 EP EP16756661.1A patent/EP3338050B1/fr active Active
  • 2016-08-17 EP EP20182934.8A patent/EP3736524B1/fr active Active
  • 2016-08-17 FI FIEP16756661.1T patent/FI3338050T3/fi active
  • 2016-08-17 PL PL16756661.1T patent/PL3338050T3/pl unknown
  • 2016-08-17 HU HUE16756661A patent/HUE063852T2/hu unknown
  • 2016-08-17 WO PCT/EP2016/069462 patent/WO2017029303A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (11)

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