EP3746728B1 - Revêtement de surface isolant sur des échangeurs thermiques permettant de réduire les tensions thermiques - Google Patents

Revêtement de surface isolant sur des échangeurs thermiques permettant de réduire les tensions thermiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3746728B1
EP3746728B1 EP19701151.3A EP19701151A EP3746728B1 EP 3746728 B1 EP3746728 B1 EP 3746728B1 EP 19701151 A EP19701151 A EP 19701151A EP 3746728 B1 EP3746728 B1 EP 3746728B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
heat exchanger
coating
heat
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19701151.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3746728A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Hölzl
Axel Lehmacher
Alexander WOITALKA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP3746728A1 publication Critical patent/EP3746728A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3746728B1 publication Critical patent/EP3746728B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/089—Coatings, claddings or bonding layers made from metals or metal alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/06—Coatings; Surface treatments having particular radiating, reflecting or absorbing features, e.g. for improving heat transfer by radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger and a method for producing such a plate heat exchanger.
  • Plate heat exchangers are known from the prior art, which are set up to indirectly transfer the heat from a first fluid to another, second fluid.
  • the fluids in the plate heat exchanger are conducted in separate heat exchange passages of the plate heat exchanger block. These are delimited by two parallel partition walls of the plate heat exchanger block, between which a heating surface element is arranged, which is also referred to as a fin or lamella.
  • Such plate heat exchangers are, for example, in " The standards of the brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger manufacturers association" ALPEMA, Third Edition, 2010 shown and described forming the preamble of claim 1.
  • partition walls or plates and fins form the heating surface on the one hand and must absorb the forces from the internal overpressure on the other hand.
  • Various partitions and fin types are available in this regard, although the design options are limited by the pressure-bearing function. Any reduction of the specific heating surface is therefore not possible. It is also usually not aimed at, since a high heating surface density and thus a design that is as compact as possible is normally desired.
  • the high thermal stresses are caused as follows: When the plant is at a standstill, all process flows usually come to a standstill. Starting from a temperature profile with a warm and a cold end, the material temperature differences slowly equalize through heat conduction within the heat exchanger and the apparatus assumes a homogeneous (mean) temperature that lies between the maximum and minimum temperature of the initial state. The insulation losses are usually small, so this state only changes slowly.
  • the process streams are restarted, they hit the heat exchanger with a very large temperature difference.
  • the consequence of this is that the wall temperature changes rapidly over time, particularly in the area of the flow inlets, and that locally very steep wall temperature gradients develop along the main flow direction.
  • the temporal and local temperature gradients cause the thermal stresses mentioned.
  • the thermal stresses can be considerable, particularly in the case of large, modular heat exchangers that have several plate heat exchanger blocks connected to one another.
  • WO2014/044522A1 and WO2014/048073A1 disclose plate heat exchangers with a thermal break between heat exchanger sections to increase the performance of the heat exchanger.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a plate heat exchanger which is improved with regard to the aforementioned problem.
  • a plate heat exchanger is provided with a plate heat exchanger block, which has a plurality of partitions arranged parallel to one another (e.g. in the form of partition plates), which form a large number of heat exchange passages for fluids to be brought into indirect heat transfer with one another, the heat exchange passages passing through, in particular flush with the edge of the partitions intended side strips (e.g.
  • heat exchange passages in the form of sheet metal strips
  • sidebars which are also referred to as sidebars
  • the heat exchange passages, in particular each heat exchange passage has an inlet for letting in a fluid and an outlet for letting out the fluid.
  • One or more side rails preferably each have a coating made of a heat-insulating material, which is applied to the respective side rail.
  • the two outermost dividing walls of the plate heat exchanger block which limit the plate heat exchanger block to the outside, are also referred to as cover walls and are formed in particular by cover plates.
  • the respective heat exchange passage is thus delimited by two adjacent partitions and has at least one heat-conducting element (Fin) arranged between these partitions.
  • the respective heat-conducting element forms, as explained above, with the two adjacent partitions a large number of flow channels of the respective heat exchange passage, with the coating being applied to the respective heat-conducting element and the two adjacent partition plates in such a way that the respective flow channel has a circumferential inside which is coated with the heat-insulating coating.
  • the coating is preferably applied in such a way that the respective flow channel has an uninterrupted coating, that is to say a continuous coating, on its inner wall in a first section.
  • the respective heat-conducting element has peaks (or head sections) and valleys (or bottom sections) arranged alternately and preferably parallel to one another, with the peaks and valleys being connected to one another via webs running in particular vertically.
  • each heat exchange passage When the peaks are connected to one of the two adjacent partitions and the valleys are connected to the other of the two adjacent partitions, a plurality of flow channels are formed in each heat exchange passage.
  • the respective flow channels are thus limited by the partitions, the peaks or valleys and the webs of the respective heat-conducting element.
  • Such plate heat exchangers or the uncoated components of the plate heat exchanger are preferably formed from an aluminum alloy, with the components preferably being connected to one another by brazing.
  • heating surface elements, separating plates, cover plates and sidebars, some of which are provided with solder are preferably stacked on top of one another in a cuboid block and then soldered in a vacuum soldering furnace to form a heat exchanger block.
  • other manufacturing processes are also conceivable.
  • the thermally conductive elements which may be coated as described above, can in particular also be what are known as distributor fins, which distribute the fluid flow over the entire width of the respective heat exchange passage, i.e. from sidebar to sidebar.
  • Such distributor fins can also be formed in one piece with a heat-conducting element/fin arranged downstream.
  • the respective partition wall having the coating and/or that the respective heat-conducting element having the coating each have a first section arranged at the respective inlet (which e.g. adjoins the inlet or located adjacent thereto) and a second section connected to the first section and further from the inlet than the first section, only the first section having the coating and the second section not having the coating , i.e. in other words it has no heat-insulating coating.
  • the first section is arranged in such a way that the fluid flows through it before the fluid flows through the second section.
  • the flow channels formed by the partitions and heat-conducting elements have a first section (closer to the inlet) and a second section (closer to the outlet), with only one inner side or inner wall of the first section of the respective flow channel having the heat-insulating coating having.
  • the plate heat exchanger block has at least first heat exchange passages for receiving a first fluid and second heat exchange passages for receiving a second fluid, the surfaces of the partition walls and/or side strips assigned to the first heat exchange passages and/or the surfaces of the first heat exchange passages associated heat-conducting elements each have a coating of the heat-insulating material, at least in sections, in particular only the first sections of these partitions and/or heat-conducting elements and/or side strips and the surfaces of the partitions and/or side strips assigned to the second heat exchange passages and/or or the thermally conductive elements associated with the second heat exchange passages do not have a coating of the thermally insulating material.
  • only the flow channels of the first heat exchange passages have a heat-insulating coating, in particular only the insides or inner surfaces of the first sections of the flow channels, whereas the flow channels of the second heat-exchange passages in particular do not have the heat-insulating coating.
  • the heat-insulating material is one of the following materials or has one of the following materials: a plastic, a polymer, a ceramic.
  • partition walls and/or the heat-conducting elements and/or the side rails are formed from one of the following materials or have one of the following materials: aluminum, an aluminum alloy. Alloys such as SB-209 (ASME), SB-221(ASME) or EN-AW-3003 (EN) can be used.
  • the thermally insulating material has a thermal conductivity or a thermal conductivity coefficient that is less than 5 W/mK, in particular less than 1 W/mK.
  • the base material of the respective partition or of the respective heat-conducting element or the respective uncoated partition or the respective uncoated heat-conducting element typically has a thermal conductivity coefficient (at e.g. 70K) in the range of approx. 130 W/mk (at 70K) up to approx. 150 W/mk (at 300K).
  • the respective coating has a thickness (in particular normal to the extension plane or surface of the respective partition wall or the respective heat-conducting element) that is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.
  • the respective, uncoated partition wall (in particular perpendicular to the extension plane of the surface of the respective partition wall) has a thickness in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm.
  • the respective uncoated heat-conducting element (in particular perpendicular to the plane of extension of the surface of the respective base body) has a thickness in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.
  • a collector with a socket is attached above the inlet of the at least one, first heat exchange passage and above the inlet of the at least one, second heat exchange passage, the sockets being used to connect supply pipelines.
  • Such collectors can be designed, for example, as half cylinders that are closed at the two opposite end faces.
  • Such a collector also preferably has a peripheral edge via which the collector is welded to the plate heat exchanger block.
  • the partitions and fins are running preferably perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the collector when this is intended to be welded to the plate heat exchanger block. In this way, inlets or outlets of the respective heat exchange passage, which are each delimited by two adjacent partitions, can open into the respective collector.
  • the connecting piece belonging to the collector is preferably of cylindrical design and is welded to the collector via an end face of the connecting piece, so that the connecting piece is in flow connection with a through-opening of the collector or the collector.
  • the plate heat exchanger has at least two headers with connectors for each fluid that is fed into the plate heat exchanger, with the fluid being able to be introduced into the associated heat exchange passages via the one, first, connector and header and via the other, second, header or The nozzle can be discharged again.
  • the collectors/connectors it can also be provided with regard to the collectors/connectors that the collector and/or the connector of the first heat exchange passages have a coating of the heat-insulating material on their respective inner sides (or inner walls or inner surfaces).
  • the headers and/or sockets of said second heat exchange passages do not have a coating of the heat-insulating material.
  • the respective heat-conducting element has a wavy structure with alternating foot sections and head sections, the respective foot section being connected to an adjacent head section via a web, resulting in said wavy structure.
  • the wavy structure can be rounded in the transition from the foot sections or head sections to the respective webs. However, it can also have a rectangular or stepped shape. Due to the wavy structure--together with the partitions on both sides--flow channels for guiding the relevant fluid in the respective heat exchange passage are formed.
  • the respective heat-conducting element is not coated with the heat-insulating coating on the contact surfaces via which the respective heat-conducting element is connected to an adjacent partition wall (in particular is soldered).
  • the webs of the respective heat-conducting element (in particular in the first section of the respective heat-conducting element) have the heat-insulating coating or are coated with the heat-insulating coating.
  • the respective heat-conducting element has the heat-insulating coating or is coated with the heat-insulating coating only in the region of the webs.
  • the respective heat-conducting element (in particular in the first section) has the heat-insulating coating or is coated with the heat-insulating coating only in the area of the surface facing the respective flow channel.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein a flowable material, which forms a heat-insulating material in the hardened state, is introduced into heat exchange passages of the plate heat exchanger block, the partitions and/or heat-conducting elements and/or side strips of which have said coating are to be obtained, the material being cured to form said coatings.
  • the flowable material is introduced into the said flow channels of the heat exchange passages, which are formed by the respective heat-conducting element, the two adjacent partitions and, if applicable, the side strips.
  • the plate heat exchanger block is immersed in the flowable material at least in sections, in particular with a first section, in order to introduce the flowable material into the corresponding heat exchange passages or flow channels.
  • the size of the area to be coated can advantageously be precisely controlled.
  • heat exchange passages or flow channels that are not to be coated are appropriately sealed beforehand, so that the material cannot penetrate there.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for operating a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein at least a first and a second fluid are introduced into at least one heat exchange passage of the plate heat exchanger, so that said fluids can exchange heat indirectly.
  • said (at least two) fluids or fluid streams can be of the same material or differ in their material composition.
  • all heat exchange passages can have a coating of the heat-insulating material (in particular a coating of the partition walls and/or heat-conducting elements and/or the side strips of the respective heat exchange passage).
  • only those heat exchange passages or flow channels which are assigned to a specific fluid can have a coating of the heat-insulating material (in particular a coating of the partition walls and/or heat-conducting elements and/or or the side ledges of the respective heat exchange passage), while others Heat exchange passages (in particular their partitions and/or heat-conducting elements) or flow channels have no coating of the heat-insulating material.
  • the individual coatings can be formed or arranged in one of the ways already described above.
  • the first fluid is introduced into the at least one first heat exchange passage and the second fluid is introduced into the at least one second heat exchange passage.
  • the first fluid is introduced into the at least one first heat exchange passage before the second fluid is introduced into the at least one second heat exchange passage.
  • the start-up refers in particular to a process in which, e.g. after all fluids that were previously passed through the plate heat exchanger or through heat exchange passages of the plate heat exchanger have stopped or after the heat exchanger not previously used for heat transfer has been made available for the first time, the fluids involved in the heat exchange start again be introduced into the plate heat exchanger, in which case the first fluid is introduced into the plate heat exchanger before the second fluid.
  • the first fluid is introduced into the plate heat exchanger first (i.e. before all other fluids or at least at the same time as any other fluids).
  • the first fluid is at least among those fluids that are introduced into the plate heat exchanger before the second fluid.
  • the first fluid is introduced into the at least one first heat exchange passage via the socket and collector which is arranged above the inlet of the at least one first heat exchange passage.
  • the at least one first fluid which is introduced during start-up in particular before all other fluids, have an inlet temperature in the plate heat exchanger in the range from 3K to 360K, with the Plate heat exchanger before starting a temperature, in particular a homogeneous temperature, can have in this range from 3K to 360K.
  • the first fluid can have a temperature when starting up, which is a differential temperature z. B. in the range of 10K to 100K, in particular 20K to 50K, is different from a temperature of the plate heat exchanger before start-up.
  • the technical teaching according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to reduce temporal and local temperature gradients by possibly partially reducing the heat transfer. As a result, the thermal stresses are reduced, in particular during the above-mentioned starting processes, in particular restarting processes.
  • the apparatus can withstand a correspondingly higher number of such operations, thereby prolonging the service life.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plate heat exchanger 10 according to the invention, which has a plurality of partitions arranged parallel to one another in the form of partition plates 4, which form a large number of heat exchange passages, e.g. 1a, 1b, for the fluids A, B, C, D, E to be brought into indirect heat transfer with one another .
  • the heat exchange between the fluids participating in the heat exchange takes place between adjacent heat exchange passages 1a, 1b, the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b and thus the fluids being separated from one another by the separating plates 4.
  • the heat exchange takes place by means of heat transfer via the separating plates 4 and via the heat-conducting elements 2, 3 arranged between the separating plates 4, which are also referred to as fins 2, 3.
  • the one in the figure 1 The fins 2 shown also serve to evenly distribute the fluids over the respective heat exchange passages 1a, 1b.
  • the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b are delimited by side strips 8 in the form of sheet metal strips 8, also referred to below as sidebars 8, which are in particular arranged flush on the edge of the separating plates 4.
  • the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b are closed off from the outside by the sidebars 8, that is to say from the area surrounding the heat exchanger 10.
  • the preferably corrugated fins 2, 3 are arranged within the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b, ie between each two partition walls 4, a cross section of a fin 3 being shown in detail in FIG figure 2 is shown.
  • the fins 3 each have a wavy structure with alternating foot sections 12, also referred to below as valleys 12, and head sections 14, also referred to below as peaks 14, with the valleys 12 and peaks 14 being arranged parallel to one another.
  • a valley 12 is connected to an adjacent peak 14 via a web 13 of the fin 3 in question, which extends in particular vertically, so that the aforesaid wavy structure results.
  • the wavy structure can be rounded in the transition from valleys 12 or peaks 14 to the respective webs 13 . However, it can also have a rectangular or stepped shape.
  • the corrugated structure--together with the partition walls 4 on both sides--flow channels 40 are formed for guiding the relevant fluid in the respective heat exchange passage 1a, 1b.
  • the peaks 14 and valleys 12 of the respective fin 3 are connected to the respective adjacent separating plates 4 in a cohesive manner, preferably by soldered connections.
  • the fluids participating in the heat exchange are thus in direct thermal contact with the wavy structures 3, so that the heat transfer is ensured by the thermal contact between the peaks 14 or valleys 12 and the separating plates 4, and thus by thermal conduction.
  • the orientation of the corrugated structure 3 within the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b are selected depending on the application in such a way that a co-, cross-, counter- or cross-counterflow between adjacent passages 1a, 1b is made possible.
  • the plate heat exchanger 10 also has inlets 9 to the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b (wherein in Fig figure 1 for the sake of clarity, only one inlet 9 to a second heat exchange passage 1b is shown), which is provided here as an example at the ends of the plate heat exchanger 10 (inlets at a middle section are also possible), with the fluids A, B, C , D, E can be introduced into or withdrawn from the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b.
  • the individual heat exchange passages 1a, 1b can have fins in the form of distributor fins 2, which distribute the respective fluid to the channels of a fin 3 of the relevant heat exchange passage 1a, 1b.
  • distributor fins 2 are not absolutely necessary.
  • a fluid A, B, C, D, E can thus be introduced via an inlet 9 of the plate heat exchanger block 11 into the associated heat exchange passage 1a, 1b and drawn off again through a further opening 19, an outlet 19, from the relevant heat exchange passage 1a, 1b .
  • the separating plates 4, fins 3 and sidebars 8 and, if necessary, other components are connected to one another, e.g. by brazing.
  • the components, some of which are provided with solder, such as heating surface elements (fins) 3, separating plates 4, distributor fins 2, cover plates 5 and sidebars 8 are stacked on top of one another in a block and then hard-soldered in a furnace to form a heat exchanger block 11.
  • preferably semi-cylindrical collectors 7 are welded on above the inlets 9 and outlets 19, respectively. Furthermore, a cylindrical socket 6 is preferably welded to each collector 7 . The sockets 6 are used to connect a supply or discharge pipeline to the respective collector 7.
  • FIG. 1 there is a plate heat exchanger in the figure 1 shown type basically the problem that when starting or restarting the streams that are introduced into the plate heat exchanger, a significant Have temperature difference to the standstill temperature of the block 11.
  • the expansion caused by this and the stresses induced by it can damage the plate heat exchanger.
  • a standstill-related temperature of the block 11 results when the temperatures of the hot and the cold end of the block 11 approach each other due to the standstill of the process streams or fluids through heat transfer and this results in a homogeneous temperature of the fluids and components in the plate heat exchanger.
  • one or more partitions 4, 5 and/or one or more heat-conducting elements 2, 3 and/or one or more side strips 8 each have a coating 41 made of a heat-insulating material, which is applied to the respective partition 4, 5 or the respective heat-conducting element 2, 3 is applied.
  • the base material is in particular an aluminum alloy (e.g. of type 3003).
  • Aluminum alloys/materials are also conceivable.
  • the heat-insulating coating 41 is preferably applied to the partitions 4 and heat-conducting elements (fins) 2, 3 and, if necessary, the sidebars 8 in such a way that the flow channels 40 are continuously coated with the heat-insulating coating 41, preferably in at least a first section A1 of the heat exchange passages 1a are (cf. detail of figure 1 ).
  • first section A1 of the partition walls 4, 5 and the heat-conducting elements 2, 3 and/or side strips 8 or the flow channels 40 or the heat exchange passages 1a, 1b have a heat-insulating coating 41 has.
  • This first section A1 can also, for. B. along the transition plane U, which is in the figure 1 is indicated by a dashed line, in a second section A2 of the partitions 4, 5 or heat-conducting elements 2, 3 or side rails 8 merge, the z. B. is not provided with a coating 41 according to the invention. In this second section A2, therefore, the insides of the flow channels 40 cannot have a heat-insulating coating.
  • the first section A1 preferably borders on inlets 9 for first heat exchange passages 1a, via which a first fluid B is introduced into the block 11 before other fluids (for example before a second fluid A) when starting up, in particular restarting.
  • a coating 41 can also be provided on the collector 7 and/or connector 6 via which the first fluid B is introduced into the inlets 9 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques (10) comprenant un bloc (11) échangeur de chaleur à plaques qui présente plusieurs parois de séparation (4, 5) qui sont agencées parallèlement les unes aux autres et qui forment une pluralité de passages (1a, 1b) d'échange de chaleur pour des fluides à mettre en transmission de chaleur indirecte l'un avec l'autre, les passages (1a, 1b) d'échange de chaleur étant délimités par des baguettes latérales (8) et un élément thermoconducteur (2, 3) étant agencé entre des parois de séparation (4, 5) adjacentes et les passages (1a, 1b) d'échange de chaleur présentant respectivement une entrée (9) pour l'entrée d'un fluide et une sortie (19) pour la sortie du fluide,
    caractérisé en ce
    que plusieurs parois de séparation (4, 5) et/ou plusieurs éléments thermoconducteurs (2, 3) présentent respectivement un revêtement (41) composé d'un matériau d'isolation thermique, et en ce que
    (a) l'élément thermoconducteur (2, 3) respectif forme ainsi avec les deux parois de séparation (4, 5) adjacentes une pluralité de canaux d'écoulement (40) du passage (1a, 1b) d'échange de chaleur respectif, le revêtement (41) étant appliqué sur l'élément thermoconducteur (2, 3) respectif et les deux parois de séparation (4, 5) adjacentes de sorte que le canal d'écoulement (40) respectif présente une face interne périphérique, qui est revêtue avec le revêtement (41) d'isolation thermique, et/ou
    (b) la paroi de séparation (4, 5) présentant le revêtement (41) et/ou l'élément thermoconducteur (2, 3) présentant le revêtement (41) présentent une première section (A1) agencée au niveau de l'entrée (9) ainsi qu'une seconde section (A2) reliée à la première section (A1), la seconde section (A2) étant plus éloignée de l'entrée (9) que la première section (A1), et la première section (A1) présentant le revêtement (41) et la seconde section (A2) ne présentant aucun revêtement d'isolation thermique.
  2. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque de la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le bloc (11) échangeur de chaleur à plaques présente au moins des premiers passages (1a) d'échange de chaleur pour recevoir un premier fluide (B) et des seconds passages (1b) d'échange de chaleur pour recevoir un second fluide (A), les premiers passages (1a) d'échange de chaleur présentant respectivement un revêtement (41) composé du matériau d'isolation thermique et les seconds passages (1b) d'échange de chaleur ne présentant aucun revêtement composé du matériau d'isolation thermique.
  3. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau d'isolation thermique est l'un des matériaux suivants ou présente l'un des matériaux suivants : une matière plastique, un polymère, une céramique.
  4. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau d'isolation thermique présente un coefficient de conductivité thermique qui est inférieur à 5 W/mK, en particulier inférieur à 1 W/mK.
  5. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement (41) respectif présente une épaisseur (D1) qui est inférieure ou égale à 0,2 mm.
  6. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour l'introduction de fluides (B) par le biais des entrées (9) des premiers passages (1a) d'échange de chaleur ainsi que par le biais des entrées (9) des seconds passages (1b) d'échange de chaleur, un collecteur (7) est respectivement appliqué avec une pièce de raccordement (6).
  7. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le collecteur (7) et/ou la pièce de raccordement (6) des premiers passages (1a) d'échange de chaleur présente(nt) un revêtement (41) composé du matériau d'isolation thermique.
  8. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément thermoconducteur (2, 3) respectif présente une structure onduleuse avec des sections de pied (12) et des sections de tête (14) alternées, la section de pied (12) respective étant reliée par le biais d'une entretoise (13) à une section de tête (14) adjacente.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, un matériau fluide, qui forme un matériau d'isolation thermique à l'état durci, étant introduit dans les passages (1a) d'échange de chaleur du bloc (11) échangeur de chaleur à plaques, dont les parois de séparation et/ou éléments thermoconducteurs (2, 3) et/ou baguettes latérales (8) doivent recevoir le revêtement (41), le matériau étant durci afin de former les revêtements (41).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le bloc (11) échangeur de chaleur à plaques est immergé au moins par sections dans le matériau fluide, afin d'introduire le matériau fluide dans les passages (1) d'échange de chaleur correspondants.
  11. Procédé pour l'exploitation d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, au moins un premier fluide (B) et un second fluide (A) peuvent être introduits dans respectivement un passage (1a, 1b) d'échange de chaleur de l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, afin que les fluides (B, A) puissent échanger de la chaleur.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le premier fluide (B) est introduit dans l'au moins un premier passage (1a) d'échange de chaleur et le second fluide (A) dans l'au moins un second passage (1b) d'échange de chaleur.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel lors d'un démarrage de l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, le premier fluide (B) est introduit dans l'au moins un premier passage (1a) d'échange de chaleur, avant l'introduction du second fluide (A) dans l'au moins un second passage (1b) d'échange de chaleur.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, dans lequel le premier fluide (B) est introduit par le biais de l'entretoise (7) et du collecteur (6), qui est agencé au-dessus de l'entrée (9) de l'au moins un premier passage (1a) d'échange de chaleur, dans l'au moins un premier passage (1a) d'échange de chaleur.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel l'au moins un premier fluide (B), qui est introduit lors du démarrage de l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques avant tous les autres fluides dans l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, présente une température, qui se différencie selon une température de différence d'une température de l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques avant le démarrage.
EP19701151.3A 2018-01-30 2019-01-17 Revêtement de surface isolant sur des échangeurs thermiques permettant de réduire les tensions thermiques Active EP3746728B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18020042 2018-01-30
PCT/EP2019/025016 WO2019149446A1 (fr) 2018-01-30 2019-01-17 Revêtement de surface isolant sur échangeurs de chaleur, permettant de réduire des contraintes thermiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3746728A1 EP3746728A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
EP3746728B1 true EP3746728B1 (fr) 2022-10-12

Family

ID=61131891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19701151.3A Active EP3746728B1 (fr) 2018-01-30 2019-01-17 Revêtement de surface isolant sur des échangeurs thermiques permettant de réduire les tensions thermiques

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20200400392A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3746728B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2021512267A (fr)
CN (1) CN111684230B (fr)
ES (1) ES2930008T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019149446A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2023356710A1 (en) * 2022-10-06 2025-04-17 Aircapture, Inc. Apparatus, method and system utilizing novel surfaces and geometries to cryogenically separate gasses
CN116294715B (zh) * 2023-04-03 2026-07-24 浙江大学 一种集成规整结构催化剂层的低温氢气换热器

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012220594A1 (de) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-27 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Kondensator
CN102853695A (zh) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-02 陈建平 一种多流程板式换热器提高换热效率的方法及产品
WO2014184916A1 (fr) * 2013-05-15 2014-11-20 三菱電機株式会社 Colonne stratifiée, échangeur de chaleur et climatiseur
EP2843348B1 (fr) * 2013-08-29 2016-05-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Échangeur de chaleur à plaques doté de blocs d'échangeur de chaleur reliés par une mousse métallique
FR3024535B1 (fr) * 2014-07-29 2019-08-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif d'echange de chaleur comprenant un premier echangeur de chaleur et un deuxieme echangeur de chaleur
CN204286175U (zh) * 2014-11-26 2015-04-22 苏州舒瑞普科技有限公司 一种应用于lng气化的钎焊热交换器
EP3088830B1 (fr) * 2015-01-22 2018-11-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif extérieur de type à pompe à chaleur avec échangeur de chaleur à plaques
WO2016138987A1 (fr) * 2015-03-02 2016-09-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur à plaques
US20170115073A1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 Michael R. Knox Heat exchanger elements and divices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019149446A1 (fr) 2019-08-08
US20200400392A1 (en) 2020-12-24
ES2930008T3 (es) 2022-12-05
CN111684230A (zh) 2020-09-18
EP3746728A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
JP2021512267A (ja) 2021-05-13
CN111684230B (zh) 2022-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2843348B1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur à plaques doté de blocs d'échangeur de chaleur reliés par une mousse métallique
WO2016138997A1 (fr) Élément de surface chauffante imprimé 3d pour un échangeur de chaleur à plaques
EP2645037B2 (fr) Échangeur thermique à plaques avec plusieurs modules liés par un ruban de tôle
EP2859295B1 (fr) Caloporteur
DE102008052875A1 (de) Plattenwärmetauscher
DE10246849A1 (de) Rohr und Wärmetauscher mit einem solchen
DE69708730T2 (de) Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
WO2017059959A1 (fr) Lamelle pour un échangeur de chaleur à plaques et procédé de fabrication associé
EP2645038B1 (fr) Échangeur thermique à plaques avec plusieurs modules liés avec des profilés
DE202014105709U1 (de) Wärmeaustauscher
DE2007033B2 (de) Plattenwärmetauscher aus Polytetrafluorethylen
DE102011076172A1 (de) Lamellenwärmeübertrager
EP3507046B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un bloc d'echangeur de chaleur a plaques consistant en l'application ciblee de materiau a braser, en particulier sur des ailettes et barres laterales
EP3746728A1 (fr) Revêtement de surface isolant sur échangeurs de chaleur, permettant de réduire des contraintes thermiques
EP3009780B1 (fr) Fluide caloporteur
DE1452809A1 (de) Waermeaustauscher und Herstellungsverfahren
EP3476514B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc d'échangeur de chaleur à plaques brasé par brasage des sections
DE10151238A1 (de) Kältemittel/Luft-Wärmeaustauschernetz
DE3011011A1 (de) Plattenwaermetauscher
DE202019103964U1 (de) Wärmeaustauscher
DE102004018317A1 (de) Wärmeübertrager für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102022122518A1 (de) Wärmeübertrager
DE102014006331A1 (de) Plattenwärmetauscher und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Plattenwärmetauschers
DE102020003270A1 (de) Ausgleichselement für den Längenausgleich von Verbindungsmuffen für flüssigkeits- oder gasführende Leitungen
EP4177557B1 (fr) Dispositif de transfert de chaleur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20200629

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F25J 5/00 20060101ALI20220426BHEP

Ipc: F25J 3/04 20060101ALI20220426BHEP

Ipc: F28F 13/18 20060101ALI20220426BHEP

Ipc: F28D 21/00 20060101ALI20220426BHEP

Ipc: F28D 9/00 20060101AFI20220426BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220519

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502019005893

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1524406

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20221115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2930008

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20221205

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230213

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230112

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230212

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230113

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230527

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502019005893

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20230713

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221012

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1524406

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20240117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20240117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20190117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20190117

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20260122

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20260217

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20260120

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20260410

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20260130

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20260128

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20260115

Year of fee payment: 8