EP3749641A1 - Diglycolamides dissymétriques amphiphiles et leur utilisation pour extraire les terres rares de solutions aqueuses acides - Google Patents
Diglycolamides dissymétriques amphiphiles et leur utilisation pour extraire les terres rares de solutions aqueuses acidesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3749641A1 EP3749641A1 EP19742823.8A EP19742823A EP3749641A1 EP 3749641 A1 EP3749641 A1 EP 3749641A1 EP 19742823 A EP19742823 A EP 19742823A EP 3749641 A1 EP3749641 A1 EP 3749641A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diglycolamide
- group
- general formula
- acidic aqueous
- dodecyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- -1 n-dodecyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)COCC(N)=O CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- VRZYWIAVUGQHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dioctylamino)-2-oxoethoxy]-n,n-dioctylacetamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)C(=O)COCC(=O)N(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC VRZYWIAVUGQHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N caprylic alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018095 Ni-MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018477 Ni—MH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010817 post-consumer waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diisopropylethylamine Substances CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPDHNZNLPKYHCN-DZOOLQPHSA-N [[(z)-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene)amino]oxy-morpholin-4-ylmethylidene]-dimethylazanium;hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.CCOC(=O)C(\C#N)=N/OC(=[N+](C)C)N1CCOCC1 GPDHNZNLPKYHCN-DZOOLQPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000622 liquid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940094933 n-dodecane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclooctane Chemical group CC1CC(C)CC(C)CC(C)C1 BZJTUOGZUKFLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIYNUZCGMLCXKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1COCC(=O)O1 PIYNUZCGMLCXKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)CC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUENOCOQRLXLKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-diethyldodecan-6-ylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CC(P(O)(O)=O)C(CC)CCCC DUENOCOQRLXLKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEVGZEDELICMKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COCC(O)=O QEVGZEDELICMKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZGGIURSBGKWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nd].[Dy] Chemical compound [Nd].[Dy] KZGGIURSBGKWFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TYDFWJHDNHXBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(C(=O)C(C)C)CC(CC)CCCC TYDFWJHDNHXBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMGFVPGVMMBATJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)acetamide Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(C(C)=O)CC(CC)CCCC KMGFVPGVMMBATJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLGYGIJGPUJDKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)propanamide Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(C(=O)CC)CC(CC)CCCC GLGYGIJGPUJDKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UXBZSSBXGPYSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].OP(O)(O)=O UXBZSSBXGPYSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- SFENPMLASUEABX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCC)OCCCCCC SFENPMLASUEABX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000164 yttrium(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/04—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C235/06—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/32—Carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of extraction of rare earths present in aqueous acid solutions from natural or urban ores.
- the invention relates to new dissymmetric diglycolamides with optimized amphiphilic character, suitable for use as extractants of rare earths.
- the invention finds particular applications in the production of rare earths from concentrates from "urban ores", that is to say “mines” consisting of industrial and domestic waste including rare earths and, in particular, in recycling rare earth present:
- Ni-MH Nickel-Hydride Metallic
- rare earths from concentrates from natural ores including rare earths such as monazites, bastnaesites, apatites or xenotimes, or from concentrates from natural mineral residues. like, for example, tin slag.
- TR The rare earths
- the rare earths include metals that are characterized by neighboring properties, namely scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and all the lanthanides, the latter corresponding to the 15 elements listed in the periodic table of Mendeleyev elements from atomic number 57 for lanthanum (La) to atomic number 71 for lutetium (Lu).
- TRs and in particular their unsaturated 4f electronic sublayer, gives them unique chemical, structural and physical properties. These properties are used in industrial applications as varied as sophisticated: glass and ceramics industries, polishing, catalysis (in particular oil and automotive), manufacturing of high-tech alloys, permanent magnets, optical devices (devices photos and cameras), phosphors, rechargeable batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles, alternators for wind turbines, etc.
- TRs are, therefore, part of the so-called "technological" metals whose supply is strategic.
- NdFeB permanent magnets found in electric or hybrid vehicles, wind turbines, hard drives, induction motors, or other electrical devices. This resource for the recycling of TRs is particularly interesting to value because these magnets contain a significant amount of light TR (about 30% by weight of a neodymium / praseodymium mixture) and a smaller amount of heavy TR with high economic value (dysprosium and, sometimes, terbium).
- NdFeB permanent magnets are usually covered with a protective anticorrosive coating based on nickel and copper or other transition metals (cobalt, chromium, etc.).
- Ni-MH batteries that are mainly used in electric or hybrid vehicles but also in various portable devices and that contain a mixture of lanthanum, cerium, neodymium and praseodymium, as well as iron, nickel and cobalt.
- the hydrometallurgical route based on the liquid-liquid extraction technique, is commonly considered as one of the most appropriate ways to extract the TR from the medium in which they are located and separate them from each other.
- Organophosphorus extractants such as phosphoric acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids, carboxylic acids and alkyl phosphates. It is, for example, di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (or HDEHP), 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid (or HEH [EHP]), bis (2-trimethyl) acid , 4,4-pentyl) phosphinic (or Cyanex TM 272), neodecanoic acid (or Versatic TM 10) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (or TBP).
- organophosphorus extractants such as phosphoric acids, phosphonic acids, phosphinic acids, carboxylic acids and alkyl phosphates. It is, for example, di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (or HDEHP), 2-ethylhexyl-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid (or HEH
- the diglycolamides represent a family of extractants that was developed by a Japanese team in studies on the treatment of spent nuclear fuels in order to co-extract trivalent actinides and lanthanides from a refiner of the PUREX process but which has recently given rise to a number of studies on their use in the recycling of TRs.
- the DGAs correspond to the general formula RR'NC (O) CH 2 OCH 2 C (O) NR "R '" in which R, R', R “and R '” represent hydrocarbon groups, which are typically alkylated.
- R 1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 9 to 14 carbon atoms
- the DGA of the invention has the characteristics to include:
- two lipophilic groups that are identical to each other, each comprising 9 to 14 carbon atoms and corresponding to the radicals R 2 .
- linear or branched alkyl group comprising 2 to 4 carbon atoms means any group selected from ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl;
- linear or branched alkyl group of 9 to 14 carbon atoms means any straight or branched chain alkyl group which comprises 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 carbon atoms such as a group n- nonyl, isononyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, n-undecyl, isoundecyl, n-dodecyl, isododecyl, n-tridecyl, isotridecyl, n-tetradecyl, isotetradecyl, 2-methyloctyl, 2-methylnonyl, 2-methyldecyl, 2-methylundecyl, 2-methylldodecyl, 2-methyltridecyl, 2- ethylheptyl, 2-ethyloctyl, 2-ethylnonyl, 2-ethyldecyl, 2-ethylundecyl, 2-ethyld
- aqueous medium aqueous solution
- aqueous phase aqueous phase
- R 1 advantageously represents an ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl group
- R 2 advantageously represents a linear alkyl group
- R 2 comprise from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, or in other words, that R 2 is selected from n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl and n-tetradecyl, preferably among all being given to the n-dodecyl group.
- the subject of the invention is also the use of a DGA as defined above for extracting at least one rare earth from an acidic aqueous solution.
- said at least one rare earth is preferably extracted from the acidic aqueous solution by liquid-liquid extraction, in which case this aqueous solution is brought into contact with a water-immiscible organic solution, which comprises DGA in an organic diluent and then separated from the organic solution.
- a water-immiscible organic solution which comprises DGA in an organic diluent and then separated from the organic solution.
- the concentration of the DGA in the organic solution is advantageously between 0.05 mol / l and 0.5 mol / l and is preferably equal to 0.1 mol / l.
- the organic solution may furthermore comprise a phase modifier capable of increasing the loading capacity of the DGA, that is to say the maximum concentration of metallic elements that can present the organic solution without the occurrence of the formation of a third phase by demixing when this organic solution is brought into contact with an aqueous solution loaded with metal elements.
- a phase modifier capable of increasing the loading capacity of the DGA, that is to say the maximum concentration of metallic elements that can present the organic solution without the occurrence of the formation of a third phase by demixing when this organic solution is brought into contact with an aqueous solution loaded with metal elements.
- the phase modifier may especially be chosen from trialkyl phosphates such as tri-n-butyl phosphate (or TBP) or tri-n-hexyl phosphate (or THP), alcohols such as n-octanol, n-decanol or isodecanol, and monoamides such as L /, / V-dihexyloctanamide (or DHOA), L /, V-dibutyldecanamide (or DBDA), N, N-di (2-ethylhexyl) acetamide (or D2EHAA), N, N-di (2-ethylhexyl) -propionamide (or D2EHPA), N, N-di (2-ethylhexyl) isobutyramide (or D2EHÎBA) or / V, / V-dihexyldecanamide (or DHDA).
- trialkyl phosphates such as tri
- this phase modifier preferably represents not more than 15% by volume of the volume of the organic solution, or not more than 10% by volume of the volume of this solution when it is an alcohol. like n-octanol.
- the organic diluent may be any non-polar organic diluent whose use has been proposed for carrying out liquid-liquid extractions such as a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons, for example n-dodecane, hydrogenated tetrapropylene (TPH), kerosene, Isane TM IP-185T or Isane TM IP-175T, preferably being given to n-dodecane.
- the acidic aqueous solution from which the at least one rare earth is extracted preferably comprises a mineral acid, which is advantageously nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or a mixture of those -this.
- said acidic aqueous solution may comprise a mineral acid other than HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 and HCl, or a mixture of mineral acids other than a mixture of these acids.
- the concentration of the mineral acid or mixture of mineral acids in the acidic aqueous solution is preferably between 0.1 mol / L and 5 mol / L.
- This acidic aqueous solution may be, in the first place, a solution resulting from the dissolution in acid medium of a concentrate of urban ore and, in particular, a concentrate of a waste D3E.
- it may in particular be a solution resulting from the dissolution in an acid medium of a material in a divided form (powder, fragments, etc.) and resulting from a treatment (for example, demagnetization + grinding). NdFeB or Sm-Co permanent magnets used or discarded.
- a treatment for example, demagnetization + grinding
- NdFeB or Sm-Co permanent magnets used or discarded.
- it may also be a solution resulting from the dissolution in acid medium of a material in a divided form (powder, fragments, etc.) and resulting from a treatment (for example, heat treatment + grinding) of used Ni-MH batteries or batteries.
- it may also be a solution resulting from the dissolution in an acidic medium of a natural ore comprising rare earths such as monazite, bastnaesite, apatite or xenotime, or dissolution in an acidic environment. a residue of a natural ore such as a tin slag.
- the rare earth is preferably selected from lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium and mixtures thereof.
- the DGAs of general formula (I) can be obtained by the synthesis process represented below:
- a coupling reagent such as 1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidenaminooxy) dimethylamino-morpholino-carbenium hexafluorophosphate (or COMU-1,2 eq.)
- a tertiary amine such as / V, / V-diisopropylethylamine (or DIPEA-2 eq.)
- DIPEA-2 eq. Dinoted 4, of formula (R ⁇ -NH wherein R 1 is as defined in general formula (I)
- the medium is stirred overnight at room temperature.
- the DGA of general formula (II) can be obtained by the synthesis process represented below:
- R 1 R 2 -NH An amine, denoted 3 ', of formula R 1 R 2 -NH is thus obtained in which R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as in general formula (I) in the form of a white solid or an oil colorless with a yield of 46% to 61%.
- a solution comprising diglycolic acid (1 eq.), A coupling reagent such as COMU (2.2 eq.) And a tertiary amine such as DIPEA (4 eq.)
- an apolar aprotic solvent such as 2-MeTHF
- concentration measurements were carried out by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
- ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- FSMI / M2 the separation factor between two metallic elements M1 and M2, denoted FSMI / M2, is equal to:
- DMI coefficient of distribution of the metal element M1
- Extractions are carried out using:
- solutions comprising either 0.1 mol / L of a DGA of the invention or 0.1 mol / L of a DGA of the state of the art, namely TODGA, in a mixture TPH / n-octanol (90/10, v: v); and
- solution A aliquots of an aqueous solution representative of a real leachate, called "solution A", comprising 3 mol / L of nitric acid (to simulate the acidity likely to be presented by an aqueous solution resulting from dissolution of TR-rich fractions in nitric acid) as well as representative light and heavy TRs (La 111 , Pr m , Nd m and Dy m ) and representative metal impurities (Fe m , Co ", Ni”) .
- concentrations of these elements in solution A are specified in Table 1 below.
- each organic phase loaded with TR is subjected to an extraction for analytical purposes by contacting, in tube and with stirring, with an aqueous solution comprising 1 mol / L of nitric acid, 0, 2 mol / L of L /, L / ', L /, L /' - tetraethyldiglycolamide (or TEDGA) and 0.5 mol / L of oxalic acid for 15 minutes at 25 ° C., with a volume ratio O / A equal to 0.2.
- the mixture is centrifuged and the phases are separated.
- the concentrations of the different metallic elements are measured in solution A before extraction, in the aqueous phases obtained after extraction and in the organic phases obtained after desextraction.
- Tables 2 and 3 below show respectively the coefficients of distribution and the separation factors TR / impurities as obtained for three DGAs of general formula (I), namely the (DE-DDd) -DGA, the (DP -DDd) -DGA and (DiP-DDd) -DGA, for a DGA of general formula (II), namely DiBDDdDGA, as well as for TODGA.
- DGAs have a particularly high affinity for heavy TRs such as dysprosium.
- a comparison of the respective performances of (DE-DDd) -DGA and the other DGAs of the invention shows that the increase in the length of the hydrophilic alkyl chains substantially reduces the affinity of these DGAs for the TRs, and that the DGA asymmetrical type I or type II.
- Extractions / de-extractions are carried out according to the same operating procedure as that described in point 11.1 above, except that, for the extractions, aliquots of an aqueous solution called "solution B" are used as aqueous phases.
- solution B which is also representative of a real leachate but which comprises 2 mol / L of sulfuric acid (instead of 3 mol / L of nitric acid of solution A).
- the concentrations of the various metallic elements are measured in solution B before extraction, in the aqueous phases obtained after extraction and in the organic phases obtained after desextraction.
- Tables 5 and 6 below show respectively the distribution coefficients and the separation factors TR / impurities as obtained for three DGAs of general formula (II), namely DPDDdDGA, DBDDdDGA and DiBDDdDGA, as well as for the TODGA.
- the impurity distribution coefficients are less than 0.01 for iron and less than 0.03 for nickel and cobalt. 11.3 - In aqueous hydrochloric medium:
- Extractions / de-extractions are carried out according to the same operating procedure as that described in point ll.l above, except that, for the extractions, used as aqueous phases, aliquots of an aqueous solution called "solution C", which is also representative of a real leachate but which comprises 2 mol / L of hydrochloric acid (instead of 3 mol / L of nitric acid solution A).
- the concentrations of the metallic elements in solution C are specified in Table 7 below.
- the concentrations of the different metallic elements are measured in solution C before extraction, in the aqueous phases obtained after extraction and in the organic phases obtained after desextraction.
- Tables 8 and 9 below show respectively the coefficients of distribution and the separation factors TR / impurities as obtained for a DGA of general formula (II), namely DBDDdDGA, as well as for TODGA.
- DBDDdDGA leads to distribution coefficients for lanthanum, praseodymium and neodymium that are 2 to 4 times higher than those obtained with TODGA.
- DBDDdDGA has an excellent affinity for praseodymium, neodymium and dysprosium, and a lower but nevertheless satisfactory affinity for lanthanum.
- the nickel and cobalt impurities are not extracted by this DGA (DM ⁇ 0.03).
- iron is weakly extracted as it is by TODGA.
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Abstract
Description
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1853263A FR3080114B1 (fr) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Diglycolamides dissymetriques amphiphiles et leur utilisation pour extraire les terres rares de solutions aqueuses acides |
| PCT/FR2019/050883 WO2019197792A1 (fr) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-04-15 | Diglycolamides dissymétriques amphiphiles et leur utilisation pour extraire les terres rares de solutions aqueuses acides |
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| CN114058023B (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-12-09 | 厦门稀土材料研究所 | 一种三齿酰胺基修饰mil型晶态材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN115417787B (zh) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-02-02 | 四川大学 | 一种快速高效分离提取锶的萃取剂及其制备方法 |
| FR3140634B1 (fr) | 2022-10-06 | 2026-02-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Utilisation de dérivés lipophiles d’acides aminopolycarboxyliques pour l’extraction de terres rares d’une solution aqueuse acide |
| CN117385175B (zh) * | 2023-10-30 | 2025-10-28 | 四川大学 | 一种分离镨和钕的氮川三乙酰胺萃取剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| FR3165897A1 (fr) * | 2024-09-05 | 2026-03-06 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procédés d’extraction et de récupération de terres rares présentes dans une solution aqueuse acide, mettant en œuvre un solvant eutectique profond hydrophobe |
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| CN106834681B (zh) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-10 | 济南大学 | 一种使用酰胺荚醚类萃取剂去除Pr中Fe杂质的方法 |
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