EP3840004A1 - Tube commutateur à vide - Google Patents

Tube commutateur à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3840004A1
EP3840004A1 EP20209711.9A EP20209711A EP3840004A1 EP 3840004 A1 EP3840004 A1 EP 3840004A1 EP 20209711 A EP20209711 A EP 20209711A EP 3840004 A1 EP3840004 A1 EP 3840004A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fixed contact
housing body
contact area
moving contact
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20209711.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henry JENICHEN
Wolfgang SÖRRIES
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3840004A1 publication Critical patent/EP3840004A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details
    • H01H2033/66246—Details relating to the guiding of the contact rod in vacuum switch belows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter.
  • the present invention relates in particular to a vacuum interrupter which can be manufactured inexpensively and which can also have a reduced weight.
  • Switchgear for isolating currents are widely known.
  • the arrangement of switching modules in medium and high voltage switchgear, for example, can be done in very different ways.
  • Vacuum interrupters are known, for example, which are designed as follows. They include a housing body, a fixed contact and a moving contact. It is provided that the fixed contact is arranged in a stationary manner in the housing body and the moving contact is movably guided in a moving contact bearing such that the moving contact can be moved from a position contacting the fixed contact to a position spaced from the fixed contact and vice versa along a movement axis. An electrical connection between the fixed contact and the moving contact can thus be established or prevented, thus enabling the vacuum interrupter to switch.
  • the object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the disadvantages known from the prior art. It is in particular the object of the present invention to provide a solution by means of which an advantageous configuration with regard to the production required costs, in terms of performance and / or in terms of dimensions can be made possible.
  • a vacuum interrupter is described with at least one housing body, a fixed contact and a moving contact, the fixed contact being arranged in a stationary manner in the housing body and the moving contact being movably guided in a moving contact bearing in such a way that the moving contact moves from a position contacting the fixed contact to one of the fixed contact spaced position and vice versa is movable along a movement axis, wherein the fixed contact runs through the housing body and has an inner fixed contact area located inside the housing body and an outer fixed contact area located outside the housing body, and / or wherein the moving contact runs through the housing body and one inside the housing body located inner moving contact area and located outside of the housing body outer moving contact area, wherein at least one of the outer fixed contact area and the outer moving contact area to is at least partially surrounded radially with respect to the movement axis by the housing body.
  • Such a vacuum interrupter advantageously makes it possible to provide a solution by means of which an advantageous configuration with regard to the costs required for production, with regard to the performance and / or with regard to the dimensions of the vacuum interrupter can be made possible.
  • a vacuum interrupter is thus described.
  • a vacuum interrupter or vacuum interrupter as described above can be used in particular to switch high currents and isolate high voltages in an energy distribution network.
  • the vacuum interrupters can be arranged on their own or in a plurality of interrupters to enable switching to realize high currents and the isolation of high voltages in the medium vacuum.
  • the vacuum interrupter described comprises at least one housing body which can also serve as a shield.
  • the housing body or the shielding can be made from a metal, such as a noble metal.
  • the housing body can have ceramic elements or insulating elements in a manner known per se.
  • a fixed contact and a moving contact are also provided. These contacts are used to enable switching of the vacuum interrupter by being mechanically and thus electrically contactable or being able to be spaced apart.
  • the fixed contact is arranged in a stationary manner in the housing body and the moving contact is movably guided in a moving contact bearing such that the moving contact can be moved from a position contacting the fixed contact to a position spaced from the fixed contact and vice versa along a movement axis.
  • the moving contact bearing can in particular be arranged in the housing body or be part of it.
  • the moving contact can thus run from an inner volume of the housing body to the outside of the housing body.
  • the fixed contact can also run from an inner volume of the housing body to the outside of the housing body.
  • the fixed contact runs through the housing body and has an inner fixed contact area located inside the housing body and an outer fixed contact area located outside the housing body. Additionally or alternatively, it is provided with respect to the moving contact that it runs through the housing body and has an inner moving contact area located inside the housing body and an outer moving contact area located outside the housing body.
  • the inner fixed contact area and / or the inner moving contact area are thus at least partially arranged inside the housing body and the outer fixed contact area and / or the outer moving contact area are thus at least partially arranged outside the housing body.
  • one of the inner fixed contact area and the outer fixed contact area runs through the housing body, so that part of the inner fixed contact area also extends outside the housing body or that part of the outer fixed contact area also extends inside the housing body.
  • one of the inner moving contact area and the outer moving contact area also run through the housing body, so that part of the inner moving contact area also extends outside the housing body or that part of the outer moving contact area also runs within the housing body.
  • the inner fixed contact area is made of a different material than the outer fixed contact area and / or that the inner moving contact area is made of a different material than the outer moving contact area.
  • the inner fixed contact area and the inner moving contact area are designed in such a way that they can form an electrical connection.
  • the inner fixed contact area and the inner moving contact area each have a contact surface, so that the contact surfaces for forming an electrical connection can be designed to touch one another.
  • the outer fixed contact area can also have an electrical connection and the outer moving contact area can also have an electrical connection in order to be able to integrate the vacuum interrupter into an electrical conductor, as is known in principle.
  • At least one of the outer fixed contact area and the outer moving contact area is at least partially surrounded radially with respect to the movement axis by the housing body, for example completely surrounded radially with respect to the movement axis by the housing body , so in particular in every radial direction.
  • the aforementioned configuration enables the material of the inner fixed contact area and / or the inner moving contact area to be reduced, in particular by a reduced expansion in the longitudinal axis of the vacuum interrupter, which corresponds to the direction of movement or the directions of the axis of movement of the moving contact.
  • This can be advantageous because the material of the inner fixed contact area or the inner moving contact area usually has to meet higher requirements than the material of the outer fixed contact area or the outer moving contact area. This is because, for example, these materials have to withstand flashover when the contacts are separated or joined. Such requirements do not apply to the outer fixed contact area and the outer moving contact area, so that the material of the outer fixed contact area and the outer moving contact area can usually be selected more cost-effectively than the material of the inner fixed contact area and the inner moving contact area.
  • the design described here makes it possible for the vacuum interrupter to be designed to be shorter or to have a smaller spatial extent in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vacuum interrupter, ie in particular in the direction of movement of the moving contact. This in turn can save costs but also weight, which can be advantageous, for example, during assembly. In addition, the variety of applications can be increased.
  • the housing body is shaped in the area of a fixed contact bushing in the direction of the moving contact or at least partially extends in this direction. This is an advantageous way of achieving that the outer fixed contact area is at least partially surrounded by the housing body radially with respect to the axis of movement. Because the fixed contact bushing is offset in the longitudinal axis of the vacuum interrupter compared to the outermost extent of the housing body in the direction of the longitudinal axis on the side of the fixed contact in the direction of the moving contact. This becomes possible in this embodiment, although the corresponding area surrounding the housing body is not arranged within the inner volume of the housing body.
  • the material of the outer fixed contact area can also meet reduced requirements compared to the inner fixed contact area in the area surrounded by the housing body, which would conventionally be arranged within the housing body, without taking further measures, such as the provision of shields, into account would be.
  • the outer moving contact area at least partially radially with With respect to the movement axis is surrounded by the housing body that the housing body is shaped in the area of a moving contact leadthrough in the direction of the fixed contact or at least partially extends in this direction.
  • the moving contact bushing is offset in the longitudinal axis of the vacuum interrupter compared to the outermost extent of the housing body in the direction of the longitudinal axis on the side of the moving contact in the direction of the fixed contact. This becomes possible in this embodiment, although the corresponding area surrounding the housing body is not arranged within the inner volume of the housing body.
  • the material of the outer moving contact area can also meet reduced requirements compared to the inner moving contact area in the area surrounded by the housing body, which would conventionally be arranged inside the housing body, without taking further measures, such as the provision of shields, into account would be.
  • the outer fixed contact area is arranged exclusively outside of the housing body and / or that the outer moving contact area is arranged exclusively outside of the housing body.
  • the outer fixed contact area and / or the outer moving contact area is at least partially arranged inside the housing base body, i.e. the connection from the inner fixed contact area to the outer fixed contact area and / or the connection from the inner moving contact area to the outer moving contact area inside the housing body is present.
  • shields should be provided for shielding the outer fixed contact area and / or outer moving contact area.
  • At least one of the inner fixed contact area and the inner moving contact area is made of copper.
  • the requirements placed on the material of the inner fixed contact area or the inner moving contact area can be effectively implemented and the advantages of the invention can be clearly demonstrated. This is because, in particular, reducing copper in a vacuum interrupter can have significant advantages in terms of costs and / or weight.
  • At least one of the outer fixed contact area and the outer moving contact area is formed from aluminum.
  • Aluminum has advantages in terms of weight and costs, in particular over copper but also over other materials that can be used as inner contact areas.
  • the inner fixed contact area has an inner fixed contact body and an inner fixed contact shaft and that the outer fixed contact has a fixed contact base and an outer fixed contact shaft, the length of the outer fixed contact shaft at least 25%, for example at least 45%, with respect to the length of the having inner fixed contact shaft.
  • the length of the outer fixed contact shaft at least 25%, for example at least 45%, with respect to the length of the having inner fixed contact shaft.
  • the inner moving contact area has an inner moving contact body and an inner moving contact shaft and that the outer moving contact area has a moving contact base and an outer moving contact shaft, wherein the length of the outer moving contact shaft is at least 25%, for example at least 45%, with respect to the length of the inner moving contact shaft.
  • the inner fixed contact area is mechanically connected to the outer fixed contact area by a countersunk screw connection.
  • a countersunk screw connection is to be understood in the context of the present invention as a screw connection in which the screw engages in a countersunk hole or a countersunk area.
  • the screw head can have the same geometry as the countersunk hole or the countersunk area and thus fill it.
  • the countersunk hole and a corresponding thread can be present in the inner fixed contact area and the outer fixed contact area can be designed as a screw.
  • a simple connection method can be carried out without welding, which can be advantageous when assembling the vacuum interrupter.
  • the inner moving contact area is mechanically connected to the outer moving contact area by means of a countersunk screw connection.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a vacuum interrupter 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • the vacuum interrupter 10 comprises at least one housing body 12, which can be formed from a noble metal, for example, and which can furthermore have insulating body 14, formed from a ceramic, for example.
  • the vacuum interrupter 10 further comprises a fixed contact 16 and a moving contact 18, the fixed contact 16 being arranged stationary in the housing body 12 and the moving contact 18 being movably guided in a moving contact bearing 20 such that the moving contact 18 moves from a position contacting the fixed contact 16 to a from the fixed contact 16 spaced position and vice versa is movable along a movement axis 22.
  • the housing body 12 In order to also close the housing body 12 in a vacuum-tight manner when the moving contact 18 moves, the housing body 12 has a bellows 24 in the area of the moving contact 18, which is attached to the housing body 12 and the moving contact 18. Furthermore, a shield 26 is provided which protects the bellows 24.
  • the fixed contact 16 runs on a fixed contact bushing 28 through the housing body 12 and an inner fixed contact area 30 located inside the housing body 12, which is formed from copper, and an outer fixed contact area 32 located outside the housing body 12, which is approximately from Aluminum is molded, has.
  • the moving contact 18 runs at a moving contact bushing 34 through the housing body 12 and comprises an inner moving contact area 36 located within the housing body 12, which in turn is made of copper may be, and an external moving contact area 38 located outside the housing body 12, which area is formed from aluminum, for example.
  • the outer fixed contact area 32 and the outer moving contact area 38 are not shown.
  • the shape of the contour of the housing body 12, that is to say in particular the metallic contour can be used for the targeted control of the field distribution over the ceramics or insulating bodies 14.
  • the contour between the insulating body 14 or the insulating bodies 14 on the side of the fixed contact 16 and the fixed contact bushing 28 or the contour between the insulating body 14 or the insulating bodies 14 on the side of the moving contact 18 and the shield 26 can be used for targeted control of the field distribution .
  • the housing body 12 is shaped in the area of the fixed contact bushing 28 in the direction of the moving contact 18, the outer fixed contact area 32 being arranged completely outside an inner volume 40 of the housing body 12.
  • the outer moving contact area 38 is arranged in part within the inner volume 40 of the housing body 12.
  • Figure 2 further shows that the inner fixed contact area 30 has an inner fixed contact body 42 and an inner fixed contact shaft 44 and that the outer fixed contact area 32 has a fixed contact socket 46 and an outer fixed contact shaft 48, the length of the outer fixed contact shaft 48 being at least 25% with respect to the length of the inner fixed contact shaft 44 has.
  • the inner moving contact area 36 has an inner moving contact body 50 and an inner moving contact shaft 52 and that the outer moving contact area 38 has a moving contact base 54 and an outer moving contact shaft 56, the length of the outer moving contact shaft 56 being at least 25% with respect to the length of the having inner moving contact shaft 52.
  • a vacuum preferably a high vacuum, can also be located in the inner volume 40 of the housing body 12. Outside the housing body 12, an insulating medium or external insulation can also be provided that surrounds the housing body 12. This can be a solid, liquid or gaseous insulating medium.
  • a drive 58 which acts on the moving contact 18 and can move it along the movement axis 22 and thus can move the moving contact 18 from a position contacting the fixed contact 16 to a position spaced from the fixed contact 16 and vice versa along the movement axis 22 .
  • the design according to Figure 3 differs from the design of the Figure 2 in particular in the design of the moving contact 18.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP20209711.9A 2019-12-17 2020-11-25 Tube commutateur à vide Pending EP3840004A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019219868 2019-12-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3840004A1 true EP3840004A1 (fr) 2021-06-23

Family

ID=73597880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20209711.9A Pending EP3840004A1 (fr) 2019-12-17 2020-11-25 Tube commutateur à vide

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3840004A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2347945A1 (de) * 1972-10-02 1974-04-11 Hazemeijer Bv Vakuumschalter
DE2725092A1 (de) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Vakuumschalter
CA1068754A (fr) * 1975-12-19 1979-12-25 General Electric Company Disjoncteur a vide compact pour courants intenses avec boitier metallique connecte a l'un des contact du disjoncteur
DE3327390A1 (de) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschaltroehre, insbesondere fuer einen niederspannungsschuetz
DE3832493A1 (de) * 1988-09-22 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltroehre, eine solche schaltroehre enthaltender lasttrennschalter und verfahren zum betrieb eines solchen lasttrennschalters
DE102012211475A1 (de) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre
US9147542B2 (en) * 2010-04-02 2015-09-29 Alstom Technology Ltd. Vacuum interrupter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2347945A1 (de) * 1972-10-02 1974-04-11 Hazemeijer Bv Vakuumschalter
CA1068754A (fr) * 1975-12-19 1979-12-25 General Electric Company Disjoncteur a vide compact pour courants intenses avec boitier metallique connecte a l'un des contact du disjoncteur
DE2725092A1 (de) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Vakuumschalter
DE3327390A1 (de) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschaltroehre, insbesondere fuer einen niederspannungsschuetz
DE3832493A1 (de) * 1988-09-22 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltroehre, eine solche schaltroehre enthaltender lasttrennschalter und verfahren zum betrieb eines solchen lasttrennschalters
US9147542B2 (en) * 2010-04-02 2015-09-29 Alstom Technology Ltd. Vacuum interrupter
DE102012211475A1 (de) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre

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