EP3848659B1 - Unterteilter wärmetauscher, rückgewinnungseinheit der wärmeenergie und entsprechende sterilisationsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Unterteilter wärmetauscher, rückgewinnungseinheit der wärmeenergie und entsprechende sterilisationsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3848659B1
EP3848659B1 EP21150572.2A EP21150572A EP3848659B1 EP 3848659 B1 EP3848659 B1 EP 3848659B1 EP 21150572 A EP21150572 A EP 21150572A EP 3848659 B1 EP3848659 B1 EP 3848659B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
circuit
primary
fluid circuit
storage
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EP21150572.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3848659A1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien VESIN
Jérôme POUVREAU
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0058—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having different orientations to each other or crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0066—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D7/0075—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the same heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating or cooling the same heat exchange medium at different temperatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of energy recovery and optimization of the use of thermal energy. It finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of sterilizers using heat in a discontinuous manner for the implementation of a sterilization cycle.
  • sterilization devices and processes are major consumers of energy and water, a major part of which is not recycled.
  • the device of this document comprises a sterilization chamber in which the products to be sterilized are deposited.
  • the sterilization chamber is connected to a primary fluid circuit.
  • the products to be sterilized in the sterilization chamber are sprayed with hot water from the primary fluid circuit.
  • the fluid is heated or cooled by means of a heat exchanger.
  • This first heat exchanger comprising for this purpose a steam inlet, a supply line for a coolant, a return line for the coolant and a condensate drain.
  • a second heat exchanger is arranged in series on the primary fluid circuit and is connected to a secondary fluid circuit. The second exchanger makes it possible to heat or cool the primary fluid circuit thanks to a secondary fluid circuit.
  • the device also includes a laminated storage reservoir.
  • the energy of the primary fluid circuit is therefore transmitted via the second heat exchanger to the secondary fluid circuit and can be stored in the stratified storage tank.
  • the primary fluid circuit is cooled via the supply line of a coolant in the first heat exchanger until the target temperature is reached.
  • the hot fluid is released in a temperature stratified way from the storage tank stratified to the primary fluid circuit via the second heat exchanger as long as heat transfer to the primary fluid circuit is possible, then the primary fluid circuit is heated via the steam line in the first heat exchanger to until the target temperature is reached.
  • This device presents a loss of efficiency due to the use of each exchanger for one stage of the cycle.
  • the device does not allow optimized recovery of the stored thermal energy.
  • EP-A-3524919 discloses a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention makes it possible to reduce or increase the exchange surface of the heat exchanger according to storage or energy needs. thermal. The dimensioning of the exchanger is thus facilitated and advantageously reduced.
  • the modularity of the heat exchanger makes it possible to size the heat exchanger according to the most restrictive functionality.
  • the two-part structure of the exchanger and the presence of circulation means which can advantageously be controlled according to requirements makes it possible to use a single optimized exchanger.
  • the exchanger is able to be fluidically connected to a thermal energy storage module, more precisely the first fluidic circuit and the second fluidic circuit are able to be fluidically connected to the energy storage module so that the the thermal energy exchanged by the exchanger can be stored towards or withdrawn from the storage module.
  • the invention relates, according to another aspect, to an upgrading unit comprising a heat exchanger as described above and a thermal energy storage module fluidically connected to the first fluidic circuit and to the second fluidic circuit so as to be capable of storing and destock the secondary fluid.
  • the invention relates according to another aspect to a sterilization device comprising a sterilizer and a recovery unit as described above, the main fluid being used as the sterilization fluid in the sterilization device.
  • the recovery unit thus makes it possible to store the thermal energy of the main fluid by the secondary fluid in the storage module at the end of the sterilization cycle and to destock the thermal energy stored in the storage module to heat or at least preheat the main fluid intended for use in the sterilization device.
  • the invention relates to the use of a recovery unit as described above in a sterilizer.
  • the invention makes it possible to envisage a single partitioned heat exchanger which is suitable for different hot and cold sources such as condensing steam, two-phase source or cooling water, single-phase source or hot or cold water.
  • a thermal storage module single-phase source.
  • the heat exchanger is a plate exchanger, preferably with welded plates.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 are able to be connected to a hot source and to a cold source, so as to provide heating of the main fluid alternately by the thermal energy stored in the storage module or by a heat source or by combining the thermal energy stored in the storage module and by the heat source and so as to provide cooling of the main fluid alternately by the thermal energy stored in the storage module or by a cold source or by combining the thermal energy stored in the storage module and by the cold source.
  • the hot source is steam from a boiler.
  • the cold source is water from a cold network.
  • the upgrading unit comprises a module for controlling the circulation of the main fluid and of the secondary fluid, the latter being in particular the hot source, the cold source and/or the storage fluid.
  • the traffic control module advantageously comprising a plurality of valves.
  • the flow of fluids, main fluid and secondary fluid, observed between the input and output terminals is similar either to a flow in cross current, or to a flow in counter- current, or to co-current flow.
  • the upstream and downstream at a given point are taken in reference to the direction of circulation of the fluid in the circuit.
  • the heat exchanger 1 shown in figures 1 to 7 is advantageously suitable for use associated with a storage module, not shown, and advantageously with a sterilization device also called a sterilizer or autoclave.
  • a sterilization device is a device intended to sterilize products in particular by spraying hot water or hot water vapor.
  • sterilization devices The operation of sterilization devices is cyclical with successive stages: heating, maintaining the temperature, then cooling in a continuous cycle.
  • the load inside the autoclave undergoes a thermal cycle provided by heating by a hot source such as a boiler and cooling by a cold source such as water from town.
  • the heat evacuated into the tap water during the sterilization cycles represents a substantial energy deposit which can amount to around 300 kWh (contained in 7 m 3 of water) per sterilization cycle carried out with one of the best-selling models. . Knowing that on certain industrial sites, the sterilizers make up to 20 cycles per day, the discharges are greater than 2 TWh and 50,000 m 3 of water per year and per sterilizer.
  • the sterilization process is timed by batch, also called by “batch” not allowing the use of a simple heat exchanger to preheat the water entering the boiler.
  • the use of a storage means to recover and store the waste heat with a view to its recovery during a following cycle makes it possible to overcome the fact that the heating and cooling phases are out of phase and occur at different times.
  • the thermal energy storage module is chosen from sensible heat storage which can be combined with latent heat storage.
  • the storage module can be stratified, ie temperature stratified.
  • the storage module comprises a reservoir partitioned into several variable volumes.
  • each volume is at a homogeneous temperature different from the others volumes.
  • the variable volumes are physically separated by deformable membranes.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to divide the heat exchanger into two distinct parts, a first part 7 and a second part 9, more precisely a main circulation zone 2.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a single enclosure whose two parts do not overlap.
  • the exchanger comprises an enclosure in which are arranged a first fluidic circuit and a second fluidic circuit, advantageously not superposed and not overlapping.
  • the heat exchanger that is to say the first part 7 and the second part 9, is thus fluidically connected and therefore supplied by a hot source such as for example a steam network, by a cold source such as for example a cooling network and/or by a storage fluid stored in the storage module.
  • a hot source such as for example a steam network
  • a cold source such as for example a cooling network
  • a storage fluid stored in the storage module.
  • the heat exchanger and the recovery unit according to the invention are intended to be used in a sterilization device.
  • the main fluid of the exchanger being the sterilization fluid.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is of the shell and tube type to facilitate the illustration.
  • the heat exchanger has welded plates.
  • the local heat exchange between the circulating fluids advantageously takes place in cross-current, which can be in counter-current or co-current orientation.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a main circulation zone 2, advantageously defined in an enclosure, intended to receive a main fluid 5.
  • the main circulation zone 2 comprises an inlet 3 to allow the main fluid 5 to enter the heat exchanger. 1 and an outlet 4 to allow the exit of the main fluid 5 from the heat exchanger 1.
  • the main fluid 5 circulates in the main circulation zone 2 between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4.
  • the main circulation zone 2 comprises a first part 7 and a second part 9.
  • the first part 7 and the second part 9 are preferably arranged in series following the circulation of the main fluid 5.
  • the main circulation zone 2 defines an exterior volume, corresponding on the figures 1 to 7 to an enclosure, and in the case of a plate heat exchanger around the outer assembly of the plates.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises circulation means comprising a first fluidic circuit 6 capable of receiving a secondary fluid.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is arranged in the first part 7 of the exchanger 1. It is understood that the first fluidic circuit 6 is arranged in the first part 7 in that the first fluidic circuit 6 is arranged in the volume of the first part 7 and in particular in contact with the first part 7 of the main circulation zone 2.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is intended to ensure the heat exchange between the main fluid 5 circulating in the first part 7 and the secondary fluid circulating in said first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 comprises a first pipe 10 intended for the inlet and/or the outlet of the secondary fluid and a second pipe 11 intended for the inlet and/or the outlet of the secondary fluid.
  • the secondary fluid circulates in the first fluidic circuit 6 between the first pipe 10 intended for the secondary fluid inlet and the second pipe 11 intended for the secondary fluid outlet or vice versa between the second pipe 11 intended for the secondary fluid inlet and the first conduit 10 intended for secondary fluid outlet.
  • the main fluid 5 and the secondary fluid circulate in the first part 7 according to a cross-current with co-current or counter-current.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises circulation means comprising a second fluidic circuit 8 capable of receiving a secondary fluid.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is arranged in the second part 9 of the exchanger 1. It is understood that the second fluidic circuit 8 is arranged in the second part 9 in that the second fluidic circuit 8 is arranged in the volume of the second part 8 and in particular in contact with the second part 8 of the main circulation zone 2.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is intended to ensure the heat exchange between the main fluid 5 circulating in the second part 9 and the secondary fluid circulating in said second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 comprises a first pipe 12 intended for the inlet and/or the outlet of the secondary fluid and a second pipe 13 intended for the inlet and/or the outlet of the secondary fluid.
  • the secondary fluid circulates in the second fluidic circuit 8 between the first conduit 12 intended for the secondary fluid inlet and the second conduit 13 intended for the secondary fluid outlet or vice versa between the second conduit 13 intended for the secondary fluid inlet and the first conduit 12 intended for secondary fluid outlet.
  • the main fluid 5 and the secondary fluid circulate in the second part 9 according to a cross-current with co-current or counter-current.
  • the secondary fluid is chosen from a hot source, a cold source and/or a storage fluid.
  • the secondary fluid circulating in the first fluid circuit 6 is identical to the secondary fluid circulating in the second fluid circuit 8 or else the secondary fluid circulating in the first fluid circuit 6 is different from the secondary fluid circulating in the second circuit fluidics 8.
  • the hot source is a fluid intended to provide thermal energy in the heat exchanger 1.
  • the hot source is advantageously hot water or hot water vapor, preferably from a heating means such as for example a gas, oil, electric or biomass boiler.
  • the cold source is a fluid intended to recover thermal energy in the heat exchanger 1.
  • the cold source is advantageously city water from a cold network, cooled by a cooling tower, a refrigeration unit or by heat exchange with groundwater, a river.
  • the storage fluid is advantageously a heat transfer fluid chosen to operate at the temperature of the application, in this case for a sterilization device.
  • the storage fluid is water, thus facilitating the successive circulation of the storage fluid, of the hot source and of the cold source in the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the Water remains the most advantageous storage fluid.
  • the water is preferentially pressurized and potentially overheated.
  • Other fluids can be envisaged such as thermal oil.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is advantageously fluidically connected to an outlet of the storage module 17, so that the secondary fluid being the storage fluid is removed from the storage module and enters the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is also advantageously fluidically connected to a hot source outlet 16 so that the secondary fluid being a hot source enters the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is also advantageously fluidically connected to a cold source return 23 so that the secondary fluid being a cold source emerges from the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected to an outlet of the storage module 17, to a hot source outlet 16, and to a cold source return 23 by three separate fluidic connections. According to another possibility represented in the figures, the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidly connected to a start of the storage module 17, to a hot source start 16 and to a cold source return 23 by a first common pipe 10.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is advantageously fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 18, so that the secondary fluid being the storage fluid is stored in the storage module on leaving the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is advantageously fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, so that the secondary fluid being a hot source leaves the first fluidic circuit 6 and advantageously returns to the heating means.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is also advantageously fluidically connected to the second fluidic circuit 8 so as to fluidically connect the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 18, to a hot source return 21 and to the second fluidic circuit 8, by three separate fluidic connections.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 18, to a hot source return 21 and to the second fluidic circuit 8, by a second common pipe 11.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is advantageously fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 20, so that the secondary fluid being the storage fluid is stored in the storage module on leaving the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is advantageously also fluidically connected to a hot source outlet 19 so that the secondary fluid being a hot source enters the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is advantageously also fluidically connected to a cold source outlet 24 so that the secondary fluid being a cold source enters the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 20, to a hot source outlet 19 and to a cold source outlet 24 by three separate fluidic connections.
  • the first fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected to a return to the storage module 20, to a hot source outlet 19 and to a cold source outlet 24 by a first common pipe 12.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is advantageously fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, so that the secondary fluid being a hot source leaves the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is advantageously fluidically connected to a cold source return 25, so that the secondary fluid being a cold source leaves the second fluidic circuit 8 and advantageously returns either to the cooling network or to an intermediate cooling module. .
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is also advantageously also fluidically connected to the first fluidic circuit 6 so as to fluidically connect the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, to a cold source return 25 and to the first fluidic circuit 6 by three separate fluidic connections.
  • the first fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, to a cold source return 25 and to the first fluidic circuit 6 by a second common pipe 13.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a module for controlling the circulation of the main fluid 5 and of the secondary fluid being the hot source, the cold source and/or the storage fluid and comprising a plurality of valves.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a module for measuring physical parameters of the heat exchanger, such as the temperature T STW, from of the main fluid 5 at the inlet 3 of the main circulation zone 2 and/or the temperature T STW, to of the main fluid 5 at the outlet 4 of the main circulation zone 2 and/or the temperature T R,1 of the secondary fluid at the inlet of the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • thermal energy storage module is charged with thermal energy.
  • the storage module has been previously charged by recovering the heat during a cooling phase of a previous cycle.
  • the thermal energy restored by the thermal storage module is at a sufficient temperature level to allow the main fluid 5 intended to supply the sterilization device to follow a set temperature.
  • the temperature T R,1 of the storage fluid at the start of the storage module is higher than the temperature T STW,from of the main fluid 5 at the inlet 3 of the main circulation zone 2 of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the fluid main 5 is heated only by thermal energy from the storage module.
  • the storage fluid leaves the storage module through the start of the storage module 17 advantageously fluidically connected to the first pipe 10 of the first fluid circuit 6.
  • the storage fluid enters the first fluid circuit 6 and circulates to exchange with the main fluid 5 circulating the first part of the main circulation zone 2 between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4.
  • the exchange between the storage fluid and the main fluid 5 takes place locally by cross-current with a co-current orientation,
  • the storage fluid emerges from the first fluidic circuit 6 advantageously via the second pipe 11.
  • the second conduit 11 of the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected to the second conduit 13 of the second fluidic circuit 8 so that the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 are fluidically connected by a fluidic connection 22
  • the storage fluid also circulates in the second fluidic circuit 8 to exchange with the main fluid 5, before exiting, preferably via the first pipe 12, from the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the exchange between the storage fluid and the main fluid 5 is done locally by cross-current with a co-current orientation.
  • the storage fluid returns to the storage module via the return 20.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V stock, from intended to control the outlet of the storage fluid from the storage module preferably arranged on the outlet of the storage module e 17.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V bypass intended to fluidically connect the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 preferably arranged on the fluidic connection 22.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V stock, to intended to put the first pipe 12 of the second fluid circuit 8 in fluidic connection with the storage module to allow return of the fluid from storage from the second fluidic circuit 8 to the storage module, preferably arranged on the return to the storage module 20.
  • the valves V stock, from , V bypass , V stock, to are open in the configuration of the figure 1 . According to this first possibility, the two parts, the first part 7 and the second part 9, of the heat exchanger, more precisely of the main circulation zone 2, are used, which has the advantage of exploiting a larger surface. exchange.
  • the second pipe 11 of the first fluidic circuit 6 is not fluidly connected to the second pipe 13 of the second fluidic circuit 8, so that the storage fluid circulates in the first fluidic circuit 6 and comes out of it. ci by the second pipe 11 fluidly connected to the storage module so that the storage fluid returns to the storage module, without circulating in the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • This configuration is implemented for example when the temperature T R , 1 is very high in relation to the temperature T STW, from and in relation to the setpoint temperature. This configuration thus avoids causing unnecessary pressure drops in the storage fluid when its circulation only in the first fluidic circuit 6 is sufficient to heat the main fluid 5.
  • the valve V stock,from is controlled according to the acquisition of the temperature T STW,to of the main fluid at the outlet 4 of the main circulation zone 2, so that the temperature T STW,to reaches a setpoint temperature.
  • the heat exchanger As soon as the temperature of the storage fluid and therefore the thermal energy restored by the storage module no longer allows the main fluid 5, intended to be used by the sterilization device, to follow a set temperature then, the heat exchanger according to the invention operates according to the figure 2 .
  • the mode of operation of the figure 2 is thus implemented when the temperature T R,1 of the storage fluid at the outlet of the storage module is greater than the temperature T STW,from of the main fluid at the inlet 3 of the main circulation zone 2, but the temperature T STW,to is below a set temperature.
  • the thermal energy restored by the storage module thus allows the preheating of the main fluid intended to supply the sterilization device by using the first part 7 of the partitioned heat exchanger.
  • the second part 9 of the heat exchanger is fed by a hot source, preferably a steam network, and thus provides additional heat to the main fluid 5 exiting from the first part. 7.
  • the main fluid 5 is preheated by the thermal energy of the storage module at the level of the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the storage fluid leaves the storage module by the outlet of the storage module 17 fluidically connected to the first fluidic circuit 6, preferably by the first pipe 10.
  • the storage fluid enters the first fluidic circuit 6 and circulates to exchange, advantageously in cross-current, with the main fluid 5 circulating in the first part 7 of the main circulation zone 2 between the inlet 3 and the outlet 4.
  • the storage fluid leaves the first fluidic circuit 6, advantageously through the second pipe 11, to return to the storage module through the return 18.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V stock, to 2 intended to put the second pipe 11 of the first fluid circuit 6 in fluidic connection with the storage module to allow the return of the storage fluid from the first fluid circuit 6 to the storage module.
  • the valve V stock, to 2 preferably arranged on the return to the storage module 18 is open.
  • the bypass valve V is closed so that the fluidic connection 22 between the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 is inactive.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 are fluidically independent.
  • the main fluid 5 is then heated by the hot source in the second part 9 of the heat exchanger.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected to the start of the hot source 19, preferably via the first pipe 12.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V vap,2 intended to put the first pipe 12 of the second circuit into fluidic connection.
  • fluid circuit 8 with the hot source to allow the hot source, for example from heating means, to enter the second fluid circuit 8 preferably via the first pipe 12.
  • the valve V vap,2 preferably arranged on a hot source outlet 19 is open.
  • the hot source is advantageously steam, for example from heating means such as a boiler.
  • the hot source circulates in the second fluidic circuit 8 and transmits the thermal energy to the main fluid 5 circulating in the second part 9 of the main circulation zone 2 in the direction of the outlet 4.
  • the hot source leaves the second fluidic circuit 8, preferably by the second pipe 13 fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, preferably connected to the heating means such as a boiler.
  • the hot source from the second fluidic circuit is a steam condensate.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V cond arranged on the return from the hot source 21 which is open to allow the condensate to return to the heating means.
  • Valve V vap,2 is controlled according to the acquisition of the temperature T STW,to so that this temperature T STW,to is equal to a setpoint temperature.
  • the storage module ceases to supply the heat exchanger.
  • the heating of the main fluid 5 is then provided solely by the hot source, preferably the steam network, supplying according to the embodiment one part or both parts of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger works according to the picture 3 .
  • the temperature T R,1 of the storage fluid at the outlet of the storage module is lower than the temperature T STW,from of the main fluid 5 at the inlet 3 of the main circulation zone 2.
  • the valves V vap1 , V vap2 , V bypass and V cond are open.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected, preferably via the first pipe 10, to the hot source outlet 16.
  • the circulation control module advantageously comprises a valve V vap1 , arranged on the hot source outlet 16, which is open from so as to allow the entry of the hot source, preferably steam, into the first fluidic circuit 6.
  • the hot source circulates in the first fluidic circuit 6, preferably as far as the second conduit 11.
  • the hot source exchanges thermal energy to the main fluid 5 by exchange, advantageously by cross-current.
  • the hot source leaves the first fluidic circuit 6, preferably through the second pipe 11, fluidly connected to a hot source return 21, the valve V cond arranged on the hot source return 21 is open.
  • the main fluid 5 is also heated in the second part 9 of the heat exchanger.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected, preferably via the first pipe 12, to the hot source outlet 19, the valve V vap2 arranged on the hot source outlet 19 is open so as to allow the entry of the hot source, preferably of steam, in the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the hot source circulates in the second fluidic circuit 8, preferably as far as the second conduit 13.
  • the hot source exchanges its thermal energy towards the main fluid 5, advantageously by cross-current exchange.
  • the hot source leaves the second fluidic circuit 8 preferentially through the second pipe 13, fluidically connected to a hot source return 21, the valve V cond arranged on the hot source return 21 is open.
  • the second conduit 11 of the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second conduit 13 of the second fluidic circuit 8 are advantageously fluidically connected by the fluid connection 22, the bypass valve V being open.
  • the hot source returns respectively of the first fluidic circuit 6 and of the second fluidic circuit 8 are fluidically connected to ensure a common return of the condensates from the hot source to, for example, the boiler.
  • the figures 4 to 7 illustrate the heat exchanger 1 in operation during the cooling phase of the main fluid, each figure corresponding to a time of this cooling phase.
  • the cooling phase of the sterilization device corresponds to the phase during which the thermal storage module is charged with thermal energy.
  • the figure 4 corresponds to the start of the cooling of the main fluid 5, that is to say after the phase of heating and possibly maintaining the temperature of the sterilization device.
  • the temperature T R,1 of the storage fluid at the outlet of the storage module is lower than the temperature T STW,from of the main fluid 5 at the inlet 3 of the main circulation zone 2.
  • the valves V stock, from , V stock, to1 , V bypass are open.
  • the cooling of the main fluid 5 is ensured solely by the storage fluid.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected, preferably via the first pipe 10, from the storage module 17, the valve V stock, from , allowing the storage fluid to exit the storage module and enter the first fluidic circuit 6, is open.
  • the storage fluid circulates in the first fluidic circuit 6 and exchanges with the main fluid 5 circulating in the first part 7 by local exchange, advantageously by cross-current, or by co-current as illustrated in figure 4 , or by counter-current as illustrated in figure 7 .
  • the counter-current circulation of the storage fluid and the main fluid 5 is defined according to the cycles of the sterilization device, in this case, the embodiment illustrated in figure 7 with counter-current circulation is chosen when the main fluid 5 is cooled by the storage fluid itself directly cooled in the storage module by a cold source.
  • the main fluid 5 transfers its thermal energy to the storage fluid.
  • the storage fluid emerges from the first fluidic circuit 6, preferably via the second conduit 11 fluidically connected preferentially to the second conduit 13 of the second fluidic circuit 8 via the fluidic connection 22, the bypass valve V being open.
  • the storage fluid enters the second fluidic circuit 8, preferably via the second pipe 13, and circulates in the second fluidic circuit 8.
  • the storage fluid exchanges with the main fluid 5 flowing in the second part 9.
  • the main fluid 5 yields its thermal energy to the storage fluid.
  • the storage fluid emerges from the second fluidic circuit 8 , preferably via the first pipe 12.
  • the second fluid circuit 8 is fluidically connected, preferably via the first pipe 12, to a storage return 20, a valve V stock, to being open.
  • the valve V stock,from is controlled according to the acquisition of the temperature T STW,to so that this temperature T STW,to is equal to a setpoint temperature.
  • the storage fluid can no longer ensure the cooling of the main fluid 5 on its own.
  • the exchanger then operates according to the embodiment illustrated in figure 5 .
  • the thermal energy that can be captured by the storage fluid thus makes it possible to precool the main fluid 5 at the outlet of the sterilization device by using the first part 7 of the partitioned heat exchanger.
  • the second part 9 of the heat exchanger is supplied by a cold source, preferably a cold network, and thus provides in the second part 9 the cooling necessary for the main fluid 5 exiting from the first part 7 of the heat exchanger.
  • the pre-cooling of the main fluid 5 is ensured by the storage fluid.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 is fluidically connected, preferably via the first pipe 10, from the storage module 17, the valve V stock, from allowing the storage fluid to exit the storage module and enter the first fluidic circuit 6 is open.
  • the storage fluid circulates in the first fluidic circuit 6 and exchanges with the main fluid 5 by local exchange, advantageously by cross-current, in countercurrent particularly if the heat exchanger is composed of welded plates.
  • the main fluid 5 circulating in the first part 7 preferentially transfers its thermal energy to the storage fluid.
  • the storage fluid leaves the first fluidic circuit 6 via the second pipe 11.
  • the second pipe 11 is fluidly connected to the return to the storage module 18.
  • the first fluidic circuit 6 and the second fluidic circuit 8 are fluidically independent, the bypass valve V being closed.
  • the fluidic connection 22 is inactive.
  • the second fluidic circuit 8 is fluidically connected, preferably by the first conduit 12, from a cold source 24.
  • the cold source circulating in the second fluidic circuit 8 recovers the thermal energy transferred by the main fluid 5 circulating in the second part 9 preferably in cross-current, counter-current particularly if the heat exchanger is made up of welded plates.
  • the cold source emerges from the second fluidic circuit 8, preferably via the second pipe 13 fluidically connected to a cold source return 25, a valve V cool,out2 arranged on the cold source return 25 being open.
  • the valve V cool,in is controlled according to the acquisition of the temperature T STW,to so that this temperature T STW,to is equal to a setpoint temperature.
  • the storage fluid does not allows more to ensure the cooling of the main fluid 5.
  • the storage module stops supplying the heat exchanger.
  • the exchanger then operates according to the embodiment illustrated in figure 6 .
  • the cooling of the main fluid 5 is provided solely by the cold source, preferably the city water network, supplying according to the embodiment one part or both parts of the heat exchanger.
  • the circulation of the cold source takes place successively in the second part 9 then in the first part 7 of the heat exchanger.
  • This circulation of the cold source makes it possible to ensure a local exchange by cross-current with a counter-current orientation improving the heat exchange between the cold source and the main fluid 5.
  • the cold source penetrates into the second fluidic circuit 8, preferably via the second pipe 12 fluidly connected to the start of the cold source 24, the valve V cool,in being open to allow the entry of the cold source, preferably city water, into the second fluid circuit 8, preferably via the first pipe 12.
  • the cold source circulating in the second fluidic circuit 8 recovers the thermal energy released by the main fluid 5 circulating in the second part 9 preferably in cross-current with counter-current orientation.
  • the cold source emerges from the second fluid circuit 8, preferably via the second pipe 13 fluidly connected to the second pipe 11 of the first fluid circuit 6 via the fluid connection 22, the bypass valve V being open.
  • the cold source enters the first fluidic circuit 6 through which it circulates before exiting via the first pipe 10.
  • the first pipe 10 being fluidically connected to a cold source return 23, the valve V cool,out1 being open.
  • the valve V cool,in is controlled according to the acquisition of the temperature T STW,to so that this temperature T STW,to is equal to a setpoint temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Wärmetauscher (1), Folgendes umfassend:
    - eine Hauptzirkulationszone (2), die imstande ist, eine Hauptflüssigkeit (5) zu empfangen, und
    - Zirkulationsmittel, die imstande sind, eine Sekundärflüssigkeit zu empfangen und die konfiguriert sind, um für einen Wärmetausch mit der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) zu sorgen,
    wobei:
    - die Hauptzirkulationszone (2) einen ersten Teil (7) und einen zweiten Teil (9) umfasst, und
    - die Zirkulationsmittel Folgendes umfassen
    • einen ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6), der in Kontakt mit dem ersten Teil (7) des Wärmetauschers (1) angeordnet ist, und dazu bestimmt ist, die Sekundärflüssigkeit derart zu empfangen, um für einen Wärmetausch zwischen der Sekundärflüssigkeit und der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) zu sorgen, die in dem ersten Teil (7) zirkuliert,
    • einen zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8), der in Kontakt mit dem zweiten Teil (9) des Wärmetauschers (1) angeordnet ist, und dazu bestimmt, die Sekundärflüssigkeit derart zu empfangen, um für einen Wärmetausch zwischen der Sekundärflüssigkeit und der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) zu sorgen, die in dem zweiten Teil (9) zirkuliert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    • der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) konfiguriert sind, um abwechselnd flüssigkeitstechnisch unabhängig zu sein, oder flüssigkeitstechnisch miteinander verbunden zu sein.
  2. Wärmetauscher (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, wobei der Tauscher ein Plattentauscher ist.
  3. Verwertungseinheit, die einen Wärmetauscher (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, und ein Wärmeenergiespeichermodul umfasst, das flüssigkeitstechnisch derart mit dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und mit dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) verbunden ist, um imstande zu sein, die Sekundärflüssigkeit einzulagern und auszulagern.
  4. Verwertungseinheit nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, wobei der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) imstande sind, derart mit einer warmen Quelle und einer kalten Quelle verbunden zu werden, um derart für ein Erwärmen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) abwechselnd durch die in dem Speichermodul gespeicherte Wärmeenergie oder durch eine Wärmequelle oder durch Kombinieren der in dem Speichermodul gespeicherten Wärmeenergie und durch die Wärmequelle zu sorgen, um für eine Kühlung der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) abwechselnd durch die in dem Speichermodul gespeicherte Wärmeenergie oder durch eine kalte Quelle oder durch Kombinieren der in dem Speichermodul gespeicherten Wärmeenergie und durch die kalte Quelle zu sorgen.
  5. Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, wobei der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) konfiguriert ist, um flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden zu werden:
    - mit einem Anfang des Speichermoduls (17) derart, um den Eintritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die eine Speicherflüssigkeit ist, in den ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zu ermöglichen,
    - mit einem Ende einer warmen Quelle (16) derart, um den Eintritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die eine warme Quelle ist, in den ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zu ermöglichen,
    - mit einem Rücklauf einer kalten Quelle (23) derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die eine kalte Quelle ist, aus dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zu ermöglichen.
  6. Verwertungseinheit der Energie nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, wobei der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) konfiguriert ist, um flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden zu werden:
    - mit einem Rücklauf zum Speichermodul für Wärmeenergie (18) derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die Speicherflüssigkeit ist, aus dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zu ermöglichen, und die Speicherung der Wärmeenergie in dem Speichermodul für Wärmeenergie zu ermöglichen
    - mit einer zweiten Leitung (13) des zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislaufs (8) derart, um den ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und den zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) in Verbindung zu bringen,
    - mit einem Rücklauf der warmen Quelle (21), derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die warme Quelle ist, aus dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zu ermöglichen.
  7. Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, wobei der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) konfiguriert ist, um flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden zu werden:
    - mit einem Ende einer warmen Quelle (19) derart, um den Eintritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die warme Quelle ist, in den zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zu ermöglichen
    - mit einem Rücklauf zum Speichermodul für Wärmeenergie (20) derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die Speicherflüssigkeit ist, aus dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zu ermöglichen, und die Speicherung von Wärmeenergie in dem Speichermodul für Wärmeenergie zu ermöglichen,
    - mit einem Anfang einer kalten Quelle (24) derart, um den Eintritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die kalte Quelle ist, in den zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zu ermöglichen.
  8. Verwertungseinheit der Energie nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, wobei der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) konfiguriert ist, um flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden zu werden mit:
    - einer zweiten Leitung (11) des ersten Flüssigkeitskreislaufs (6) derart, um den ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und den zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) in Flüssigkeitsverbindung zu bringen
    - mit einem Rücklauf der warmen Quelle (21) derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die warme Quelle ist, aus dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zu ermöglichen
    - mit einem Rücklauf einer kalten Quelle (25) derart, um den Austritt der Sekundärflüssigkeit, die die kalte Quelle ist, aus dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zu ermöglichen.
  9. Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, wobei die warme Quelle aus einem Kessel stammender Dampf ist.
  10. Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 9, wobei die kalte Quelle aus einem kalten Netz stammendes Wasser ist.
  11. Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 10, ein Steuerungsmodul für die Zirkulation der Hauptflüssigkeit und der Sekundärflüssigkeit umfassend, wobei die Sekundärflüssigkeit die warme Quelle, die kalte Quelle und/oder die Speicherflüssigkeit ist, eine Vielzahl von Ventilen umfassend.
  12. Sterilisationsvorrichtung, umfassend einen Sterilisator und eine Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11, wobei die Hauptflüssigkeit als Sterilisationsflüssigkeit in der Sterilisationsvorrichtung verwendet wird.
  13. Verwendung einer Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11 in dem Sterilisator.
  14. Verfahren zur Verwertung von Wärmeenergie durch eine Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11, wobei bei einem Schritt des Erwärmens der Hauptflüssigkeit, damit die Temperatur TSTW, to der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Ausgang (4) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) eine Solltemperatur erreicht:
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 höher als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) ist, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden sind, die Speicherflüssigkeit nach und nach in dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6), danach im zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) derart zirkuliert, um für einen Wärmetausch der Speicherflüssigkeit zur Hauptflüssigkeit (5) zu sorgen, oder
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 höher als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) ist, und die Temperatur TSTW, to der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Ausgang (4) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) niedriger als eine Solltemperatur ist, der erste Hauptkreislauf (6) und der zweite Hauptkreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch unabhängig sind, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) für das Vorheizen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch die aus dem Speichermodul ausgespeicherte, und in dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zirkulierende Speicherflüssigkeit sorgt und für das Erwärmen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch eine warme Quelle, die in dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zirkuliert sorgt, oder
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 niedriger als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) ist, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch unabhängig sind, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) für das Vorwärmen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch eine warme Quelle sorgt, und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) für das Erwärmen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch eine warme Quelle sorgt.
  15. Verfahren zur Verwertung von Wärmeenergie durch eine Verwertungseinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11, wobei bei einem Kühlungsschritt der Hauptflüssigkeit, damit die Temperatur TSTW, to der Hauptflüssigkeit am Ausgang einer Hauptzirkulationszone eine Solltemperatur erreicht:
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 niedriger als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) ist, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden sind, die Speicherflüssigkeit nach und nach derart in dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6), danach im zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) zirkuliert, um die Hauptflüssigkeit (5) zu kühlen und die Wärmeenergie in dem Speichermodul zu speichern,
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 niedriger als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2), der erste Hauptkreislauf (6) und der zweite Hauptkreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch unabhängig sind, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) für das Vorkühlen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch die aus dem Speichermodul ausgespeicherte Speicherflüssigkeit sorgt, und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) für das Kühlen der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) durch eine kalte Quelle sorgt,
    - wenn die Temperatur der Speicherflüssigkeit am Ausgang des Speichermoduls TR, 1 höher als die Temperatur TSTW, from der Hauptflüssigkeit (5) am Eingang (3) der Hauptzirkulationszone (2) ist, der erste Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) und der zweite Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8) flüssigkeitstechnisch verbunden sind, wobei die kalte Quelle, die nach und nach in dem zweiten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (8), danach in dem ersten Flüssigkeitskreislauf (6) zirkuliert.
EP21150572.2A 2020-01-10 2021-01-07 Unterteilter wärmetauscher, rückgewinnungseinheit der wärmeenergie und entsprechende sterilisationsvorrichtung Active EP3848659B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2000194A FR3106198B1 (fr) 2020-01-10 2020-01-10 Echangeur thermique partitionné, unité de valorisation d'énergie thermique et dispositif de stérilisation associé

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT394100B (de) * 1988-09-14 1992-01-27 Sgp Va Energie Umwelt Abhitze-dampferzeuger
DE4303613C2 (de) * 1993-02-09 1998-12-17 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Dampf in einem Zwangsdurchlaufdampferzeuger
KR100439080B1 (ko) * 1997-06-30 2004-07-05 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 폐열 증기 발생기
US20110061388A1 (en) * 2009-09-15 2011-03-17 General Electric Company Direct evaporator apparatus and energy recovery system
DE102013202188A1 (de) 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sterilisationsvorrichtung und Sterilisationsverfahren mit Energierückgewinnung
US10488117B1 (en) * 2018-02-08 2019-11-26 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Aircraft heat exchanger defrost system

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