EP3898379A2 - Ensemble d'antennes, véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes, comportant plusieurs antennes - Google Patents

Ensemble d'antennes, véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes, comportant plusieurs antennes

Info

Publication number
EP3898379A2
EP3898379A2 EP19828988.6A EP19828988A EP3898379A2 EP 3898379 A2 EP3898379 A2 EP 3898379A2 EP 19828988 A EP19828988 A EP 19828988A EP 3898379 A2 EP3898379 A2 EP 3898379A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antennas
receiving
group
antenna
transmitting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19828988.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Kaiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Mobility GmbH filed Critical Siemens Mobility GmbH
Publication of EP3898379A2 publication Critical patent/EP3898379A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/525—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between emitting and receiving antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/20—Trackside control of safe travel of vehicle or train, e.g. braking curve calculation
    • B61L2027/202—Trackside control of safe travel of vehicle or train, e.g. braking curve calculation using European Train Control System [ETCS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/02—Global system for mobile communication - railways [GSM-R]

Definitions

  • Antenna arrangement comprising several antennas
  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement for the mobile communication of a rail vehicle, the
  • Antenna arrangement has at least two transmitting antennas and at least two receiving antennas.
  • the invention also relates to a rail vehicle with such an antenna arrangement.
  • the mobile radio devices - also called OBUs (OBU or On Board Unit) - are usually equipped with three GSM-R transceivers (transmitting and receiving units). Two of the transceivers are used during a transition from the current one
  • a third transceiver enables voice communication between the driver and the
  • Dispatcher train radio for short. Another one
  • ATO Automated Train Operation
  • transceivers are provided.
  • a rail vehicle for example a locomotive
  • up to five transceivers are required.
  • applications also called applications
  • GSM-R different communication standards can be used, for example UMTS (3G), LTE (4G) and the planned G5 standard.
  • WLAN can also be used at train stations, for example.
  • the space available for the antennas is limited.
  • Receiving antennas are provided. In this way it can be achieved that feedback of own transmission signals into own reception paths is largely avoided. However, this measure means that twice as many antennas have to be installed on the rail vehicle, which further exacerbates the problem of the limited installation space.
  • the invention has for its object a
  • Antenna arrangement for a vehicle in particular
  • the distances between the transmitting antennas are smaller than the required distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group and
  • the distances between the receiving antennas are smaller than the required distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group.
  • the antenna arrangement described is based on the knowledge that the distance between individual antennas, which is usually used for sending and receiving used, primarily due to the transmission function of these antennas when sending signals must be on the order of several meters. If, however, each terminal device is supplied with a separate transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, the transmitting antennas can interlink as well as the
  • Receiving antennas are arranged at a significantly smaller distance from one another. On this way
  • each of these antennas must have a free radius of 5 m without additional antennas. This means that the antennas must be accommodated over a distance of 15 m. For the first and last antennas in this series, 5 m to other antennas must also be taken into account, which means that a total distance of 25 m is required for trouble-free operation of the antennas.
  • the two groups i.e. the transmitting group and the two groups
  • the installation space is limited to 5.60 m. If the radius to neighboring antenna groups is taken into account, a total installation space of 15.60 m is required.
  • the return loss is particularly responsible for the loss of power on a single antenna. This arises from a mismatch, ie the wave impedance of the antenna differs from that of the cable. This leads to a partial reflection of the power in the form of a standing wave. This reflected power is largely converted into losses by the internal resistance of the transmitter. This effect cannot be completely avoided in practice.
  • the return loss of an antenna is 12 - 14 dB (at 10 dB, for example, 10% of the energy would be reflected, at 13 dB 5%).
  • the latter will absorb part of the power radiated by the former and in the connected one
  • Working frequency is 30 - 35 cm. Ultimately, this also applies to receiving antennas.
  • Interference signals from neighboring antennas taking into account a minimum signal-to-noise ratio required for decoding, for example at least 9 dB, are weaker than the required sensitivity of these
  • the working band is the
  • Frequency range in which the receiving antenna is to receive radio signals (1st aspect). Outside the working band of the working antenna in question, interference signals from neighboring antennas should be weaker than that
  • Blocking limit of the associated receiver Blocking is the resistance of a receiver to signals outside its working range. (2nd aspect). Both aspects related to all transmit / receive antenna combinations are in determining the distance from transmit to
  • Receiving antenna group to take into account. The largest of these values applies.
  • the antenna arrangement and also the rail vehicle equipped with the antenna arrangement can thus be summarized as follows.
  • the transmitting and receiving antennas can be in their
  • Receiving module must be taken into account, can be used to determine the distance of the transmitting module
  • Receiving module can be used once. This means that for the antenna arrangement, in which the antennas are in one transmitter module and one
  • Receiving module are summarized, the overall space requirement is reduced.
  • Assembly at the installation site (for example a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle) is reduced.
  • Reception group are designed as pre-assembled modules.
  • Receiving antennas for the GSM-R standard and / or for the FRMCS standard are designed.
  • the statements made are always valid for the transmitting antennas and receiving antennas alike) are usually assigned to a specific application (for example, a signaling connection is assigned). This assignment takes place via a transceiver, a transmit and
  • Receiving device for radio signals which sends received signals to the application and signals to be sent from the
  • the FRMCS standard enables various applications to be connected to a router, which in turn can be equipped with several transmit and receive antennas. These antennas can send and receive in different bands, so that each application can send and receive signals via different systems. As a result, the availability is advantageously larger
  • Guaranteed area coverage which is particularly the case with
  • the transmitting antennas are at a distance from one another and the receiving antennas are at a distance of at least the wavelength (1 ⁇ 1) of the transmitting or receiving band.
  • Antennas always the transmit or receive band
  • Decoupling is measured based on their distances from each other. If the decoupling is not sufficient, the
  • Antenna distance can be increased to a sufficient
  • Decoupling is measured.
  • Transmitting group and the receiving group are used, in which the attachment points of the antennas are movably arranged in the test device, so that the distance between the antennas can be varied.
  • Another approach to dimensioning the antenna spacing is to use
  • Transmit antennas is less than the sensitivity of the receiver reduced by the minimum signal-to-noise ratio of the signal required for decoding
  • this is advantageously a design rule with which the distance between the transmitter module and the receiver module can be determined so that a sufficient decoupling between the antenna groups can be achieved.
  • This design rule can also be found by experimenting with the different antennas.
  • the transmitter module and the receiver module must be used be built up and then in different
  • Receiver is not yet connected to the antenna arrangement to be designed (and the antenna arrangement is also to be delivered without the associated receiver).
  • the transmitting antennas are locally combined in a transmitting group and the receiving antennas locally in a receiving group, wherein
  • the distances between the transmit antennas are less than the distance between the transmit group and the Reception group as well
  • the distances between the receiving antennas are smaller than the distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group.
  • Transmit antennas is less than the sensitivity of the receiver reduced by the minimum signal-to-noise ratio of the signal required for decoding
  • this has a sending group and a receiving group.
  • Receive antennas are taken into account. This means that the distances between the transmit antennas are in the
  • the distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group to one another is however only when the antenna arrangement is installed
  • Installation location for example a rail vehicle
  • Antenna arrangement can be defined. However, this is not absolutely necessary. As an alternative, the necessary distances can also be determined only before the antenna arrangement is installed (for example using the experimental method specified above). This has the advantage that the receivers to be used are already used during assembly
  • a computer which is integrated in the European Train Control System (ETCS), and / or an application Train radio (Z) and / or a computer (C) for one
  • ATO automatic train operation
  • Sending group and a receiving group can be benefited advantageously. This makes it possible to install several transceivers on one vehicle.
  • this embodiment of the invention is an arrangement in which each of the
  • the transceiver has a transmitter module and a receiver module, these not necessarily having to be installed in one and the same housing.
  • the function of the transceiver thus results from the sum of the functions of the transmitter module and the receiver module.
  • Circulator is provided, which has a separate antenna input and antenna output and a
  • Transceiver can also be connected to a separate transmitting antenna and a separate receiving antenna if the transceiver has only one combined connection for a transmitting and receiving antenna.
  • the circulator itself has a send and receive interface for the
  • received transmit and receive signal can thus on the two interfaces (receive interface and
  • a router is connected to the antenna arrangement, the router being designed in particular as part of a Future Railway Mobile Communications System (FRMCS).
  • FMCS Future Railway Mobile Communications System
  • FRMCS is one
  • Transmitting groups and receiving groups benefit from antenna arrangements. Even if the router enables the connection of several devices, several can still be advantageous
  • Antennas and transceivers are provided. With FRMCS, however, these serve to work in several radio networks at the same time, so that, among other things, several transmission and reception frequencies can be used. This enables comprehensive communication even in cases in which a mobile radio standard should not be available, for example due to the presence of dead spots or the failure of individual transmission stations. It is also possible to communicate via WLAN, for example in train stations. According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a circulator is provided between the router and the antenna arrangement, which has a separate antenna input and antenna output and has a combined transmission and reception interface for the router.
  • the transmitting group and / or the receiving group are at a distance from at least one end of the rail vehicle which is at least half the required distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group.
  • Receiving group on the rail vehicle has the advantage that adjacent rail vehicles, which are joined together to form a train, for example by means of a coupling, can also be equipped with a transmitting group and a receiving group according to the principle described. Even if the vehicles are then coupled together, is
  • Transmitting group and receiving module of neighboring vehicles is guaranteed. This is guaranteed by the fact that half of the required distance between the transmitting group and the receiving group is jointly maintained by both of the neighboring rail vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of combined transmission
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of transmit antennas
  • Rail vehicle the rail vehicle representing an embodiment according to the invention
  • Rail vehicle with embodiments of the antenna arrangements according to the invention each schematically in longitudinal section.
  • a rail vehicle 11 is shown which is equipped with a plurality of combined transmit / receive antennas 12 according to the prior art.
  • the function of transmission is identified by Tx and the function of reception by Rx.
  • the combined transmit / receive antennas 12 are also shown in FIG. 1 with an influence area 13
  • adjacent transmit / receive antennas 12 are each arranged outside or at least on the edge of these areas of influence 13. The result of this is that only a limited number of transmit / receive antennas 12 can be arranged on the rail vehicle 11 (in FIG.
  • Embodiment according to Figure 1 a total of four transmit / receive antennas 12).
  • a transmission group SG and a reception group EG are attached, the transmission group SG each consisting of four
  • Receiving antennas E are composed (on the
  • the receiving antennas E are not shown in detail).
  • the distances between the transmission antennas S and the reception antennas E are small compared to the distance of the transmission groups SG from the
  • Reception groups EG For the arrangement of the transmission groups SG and reception groups EG, an area of influence 13 is again to be observed, outside of which the neighboring transmission or reception groups must lie. It is also clear from FIG. 2 that transmission groups SG or reception groups EG of adjacent vehicles 11a, 11b must also have a sufficient distance from one another so that the areas of influence 13 of these groups can be taken into account. This is the only way to ensure that the transmission group SG and reception group EG of adjacent vehicles do not interfere.
  • Transmitting antennas S and the receiving antennas E can be arranged at a much smaller distance from one another, through which the dimensions of the transmitting group SG and
  • Receiving group EG can be determined. These dimensions are significantly smaller than the distance between the groups required by the areas of influence 13, which in the
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show rail vehicles 11, each of which is equipped with an antenna arrangement 15 on the roof.
  • the necessary distances a between the individual receiving antennas EG and the individual transmitting antennas SG can be seen schematically in each case.
  • reception group EG formed by the reception antennas E and the transmission group SG formed by the transmission antennas S are at a greater distance b.
  • the antenna arrangement 15 is also via signal lines to a control device 16 of the rail vehicle connected.
  • the control devices 16 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 have certain differences, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • Another application APP is connected to a circulator Z via a transceiver T.
  • the circulator Z in turn has an antenna input for a receiving antenna E and an antenna output for a transmitting antenna S.
  • the circulator Z has the task of being able to connect one
  • FIG. 4 different applications APP are shown in the control device 16, one of which is unspecified and the other three perform special functions (these are also applications).
  • Application provides a computer C for automatic train operation ATO. Another application is intended for the ZF train radio. Another application is an EVC (European Vital Computer), which guarantees the integration of the rail vehicle into the ETCS.
  • EVC European Vital Computer
  • each of the transceivers T has a transmission module SM and a reception module EM, so that, unlike in FIG. 3 (where a circulator is required), the reception antennas E and the transmission antennas S can be connected directly to the transceivers T.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble d'antennes pour la communication mobile d'un véhicule sur rails (11a, 11b) (ainsi qu'également un véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes de ce type). L'ensemble d'antennes dispose d'au moins deux antennes émettrices (S) et d'au moins deux antennes réceptrices (E). L'invention prévoit que les antennes émettrices (S) sont regroupées localement en un groupe d'émission (SG) et les antennes réceptrices (E) sont regroupées localement dans un groupe de réception (EG). Les distances entre les antennes émettrices (S) ou les antennes réceptrices (E) entre elles sont inférieures à l'ensemble de la distance entre le groupe d'émission (SG) et le groupe de réception (EG). Il s'est avéré qu'ainsi les antennes peuvent être disposées sur les véhicules (11, 11a, 11b) avec un gain de place bien plus important dans la mesure où des grandes distances (13) doivent être prévues seulement entre les groupes eux-mêmes, et non pas entre les antennes entre elles. Ainsi un bon fonctionnement des antennes est ainsi avantageusement possible pour un faible encombrement.
EP19828988.6A 2018-12-20 2019-12-10 Ensemble d'antennes, véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes, comportant plusieurs antennes Pending EP3898379A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018222589.3A DE102018222589A1 (de) 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Antennenanordnung sowie Schienenfahrzeug mit Antennenanordnung, aufweisend mehrere Antennen
PCT/EP2019/084416 WO2020126668A2 (fr) 2018-12-20 2019-12-10 Ensemble d'antennes, véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes, comportant plusieurs antennes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3898379A2 true EP3898379A2 (fr) 2021-10-27

Family

ID=69061269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19828988.6A Pending EP3898379A2 (fr) 2018-12-20 2019-12-10 Ensemble d'antennes, véhicule sur rails comprenant un ensemble d'antennes, comportant plusieurs antennes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US12046825B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3898379A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2019407255B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018222589A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020126668A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112644560B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2025-01-07 哈尔滨市科佳通用机电股份有限公司 一种机车信号发码杆

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015211336A1 (de) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Sendeempfänger, Fahrzeug, Verfahren und Computerprogramm für einen Sendeempfänger

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CN1541468A (zh) * 2001-09-25 2004-10-27 株式会社日立制作所 铁道车辆的信息传输装置
US7801556B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2010-09-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Tunable dual-antenna system for multiple frequency band operation
KR20110040663A (ko) * 2009-10-12 2011-04-20 엘지전자 주식회사 고정된 경로를 이동하는 고속 이동체를 위한 무선 통신 시스템
US8655515B2 (en) * 2010-11-29 2014-02-18 General Electric Company Communication system for a rail vehicle consist and method for communicating with a rail vehicle consist
JP5729770B2 (ja) * 2012-10-23 2015-06-03 オムロンオートモーティブエレクトロニクス株式会社 車載システム
EP2755440B1 (fr) * 2013-01-15 2018-03-28 Swisscom AG Établir une communication sans fil entre un train et des stations de base
DE102016200085A1 (de) 2016-01-07 2017-07-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben einer ETCS-Mobilfunkantennenanordnung und ETCS-Bahnfahrzeug mit einer ETCS-Mobilfunkantennenanordnung
DE102016215315A1 (de) * 2016-08-17 2018-02-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines ETCS (European Train Control System)-Bahnfahrzeugs mit einer GSM-R-Kommunikationsanordnung und ETCS (European Train Control System)-Bahnfahrzeug mit einer GSM-R-Kommunikationsanordnung
DE102016221758A1 (de) 2016-11-07 2018-05-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mobilfunkeinrichtung

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DE102015211336A1 (de) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Sendeempfänger, Fahrzeug, Verfahren und Computerprogramm für einen Sendeempfänger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220077601A1 (en) 2022-03-10
WO2020126668A3 (fr) 2020-08-20
AU2019407255A1 (en) 2021-06-24
DE102018222589A1 (de) 2020-06-25
WO2020126668A2 (fr) 2020-06-25
US12046825B2 (en) 2024-07-23
AU2019407255B2 (en) 2022-08-25

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