EP4009440A1 - Paroi de radôme pour les applications de communication - Google Patents

Paroi de radôme pour les applications de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4009440A1
EP4009440A1 EP22153819.2A EP22153819A EP4009440A1 EP 4009440 A1 EP4009440 A1 EP 4009440A1 EP 22153819 A EP22153819 A EP 22153819A EP 4009440 A1 EP4009440 A1 EP 4009440A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layers
radome
radome wall
wall
core layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22153819.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4009440B1 (fr
Inventor
Tobias ADUGNA
Arno Strotmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lufthansa Technik AG
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Lufthansa Technik AG
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Application filed by Lufthansa Technik AG filed Critical Lufthansa Technik AG
Publication of EP4009440A1 publication Critical patent/EP4009440A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radome wall for communication in the frequency band from 17 to 31 GHz for use on commercial aircraft, and a radome with a corresponding radome wall.
  • radomes Protective covers for antennas known as “radomes” are known for protecting antennas for the emission and/or reception of electromagnetic radiation from external mechanical or chemical influences, such as wind and rain. In addition to the structural strength required to protect the antennas, it is essential for radomes that they have suitable transmission behavior, i.e. are sufficiently permeable to electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range relevant to the antenna(s) to be protected - for communication applications such as data transmission, e.g 17 to 31 GHz - are.
  • the wall of the radome In particular for applications in which the shape of a radome cannot be chosen freely, it is also necessary for the wall of the radome to have good transmission behavior in a sufficiently large range for the angle of incidence, based on an orthogonal impingement of the radiation on the wall .
  • An example of such an application is the protection of antennas for satellite communication on commercial aircraft, where the radomes have to be adapted to the shape of the aircraft hull for aerodynamic reasons, which means that the electromagnetic radiation does not usually occur orthogonally on the radomes or penetrate them.
  • radomes consisting of three or five-layer sandwich structures comprising GRP and foam layers are known, which, on the one hand, have sufficient transmission behavior and, on the other hand, offer sufficient structural strength at low weight.
  • suitable layer arrangements can be calculated for desired frequency ranges, in particular with regard to the thickness of the individual layers, with the dielectric constants of the individual layer materials also having to be taken into account.
  • the documents U.S. 9,123,998 B1 and U.S. 5,849,234A each show a radome, among other things for communication antennas of aircraft, the wall of which has a symmetrical multi-layer structure comprising cover and core layers. From the document U.S. 3,002,190A a radome wall with a multilayer structure made up of cover layers and core layers is known.
  • U.S. 2011/050370 A1 discloses a wall structure for protecting radar systems from external influences, which comprises a layered structure made up of a plurality of sandwich structures, each with a core and two cover layers, it being possible for a spacer layer to be provided between sandwich structures.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that the quality of the transmission behavior when the angle of incidence deviates from orthogonal impingement of the electromagnetic radiation on the radome wall depends greatly on compliance with the previously calculated thickness of the individual layers. As a result, the manufacturing tolerances with regard to the thickness of the individual layers are very small, which results in complex and cost-intensive manufacture.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a radome wall in which the disadvantages of the prior art no longer occur, or at least only to a reduced extent.
  • the invention relates to a radome wall for communication in the frequency band from 17 to 31 GHz for use on commercial aircraft, comprising a multi-layer structure with an alternating arrangement of force-absorbing solid cover layers and shear-resistant core layers, with two cover layers forming the outer sides of the radome wall and the radome wall being formed from five cover layers and four core layers is whose material thicknesses are in order 0.63 mm, 2.50 mm, 0.84 mm, 2.00 mm, 1.06 mm, 2.00 mm, 0.84 mm, 2.50 mm, 0.63 mm, whereby the two core layers closest to the outside of the radome wall are thicker than the core layers closest to the center plane of the radome wall, the five cover layers and the four core layers being made of dielectric materials, the dielectric constant of the cover layers being between 2.8 and 4.0 and the dielectric constant of the core layers is between 1.0 and 1.2 and the tolerance for the thickness of the cover layers for a nominal thickness up to 1 mm is ⁇ 20% and for
  • the invention also relates to a radome for use on commercial aircraft, the wall of which is designed according to the invention.
  • the radome wall according to the invention is characterized in that it is formed in a sandwich construction with n ⁇ 4 cover layers and—since the outer sides of the wall are each to be formed by a cover layer— n ⁇ 1 core layers.
  • the cover layers are load-bearing solid Layers that are supported and spaced apart by only dimensionally stable core layers.
  • the core layers absorb only a small part of the forces acting on the component, but under load they only show a hardly significant and negligible deformation under operating load (often well below 1%).
  • the specific weight of the top layer is higher than the specific weight of the core layers.
  • Corresponding sandwich designs are known in principle in the prior art and are widespread—not only in relation to radomes. In particular, it is known that a high degree of rigidity can be achieved with a low weight at the same time with the aid of a sandwich construction.
  • the radome wall formed in this way it is also necessary for the radome wall formed in this way to have good transmission behavior.
  • the lowest possible attenuation or high electromagnetic permeability should be achieved over the largest possible range of angles of incidence. While the same can basically also be achieved with three- or five-layer sandwich structures according to the prior art, this requires high-precision manufacture.
  • very small manufacturing tolerances must be maintained in order to reliably avoid deterioration in the transmission properties.
  • the invention is based on the finding that with a multi-layer structure of the radome wall with at least four cover layers—that is, an at least seven-layer sandwich structure—a significantly more tolerant design leads to smaller fluctuations in thickness, without there being any relevant deterioration in the relevant transmission properties comes.
  • the manufacturing costs of a radome wall according to the invention can be reduced compared to a three- or five-layer design from the prior art, since the manufacturing tolerances can be chosen to be significantly more generous.
  • a high overall strength of the radome wall can be achieved, which can at least correspond to that of a three- or five-layer design. Weight savings compared to the prior art are also generally possible.
  • optimal thicknesses for the individual layers can be determined for the desired frequency range by simple parameter studies known to those skilled in the art, with which good electromagnetic transmission properties can be achieved in the desired frequency range to let.
  • the good transmission properties can be achieved over a large angular range from 0° to approx. 65°, in each case with respect to the surface normal of the outside of the radome wall at the point at which the electromagnetic radiation impinges.
  • This is particularly advantageous for radomes of antennas for satellite communication on board commercial aircraft, which regularly operate in the frequency range from 17 to 31 GHz. It is thus possible to design the radome as part of the outer shell of the aircraft in an aerodynamically favorable manner, without there being a significant loss of bandwidth.
  • Fuselage or tail unit-mounted antennas for broadband satellite data transmission can be implemented in this way.
  • the radome wall is surface-symmetrical to the center plane of the radome wall.
  • the symmetrical structure ensures that both for sending and receiving signals through the radome wall protected antenna have the same good transmission properties.
  • the two core layers closest to the outer sides of the radome wall are thicker than the core layer(s) closest to the center plane of the radome wall.
  • Appropriate configuration of the layers ensures good transmittance, in particular over a wide range of angles of incidence (for example from 0° to 65°).
  • the tolerance for the thickness of the cover layers is ⁇ 20% for a nominal thickness up to 1 mm, and ⁇ 0.2 mm for a nominal thickness over 1 mm.
  • the tolerance for the core layers is ⁇ 0.2 mm. Appropriate tolerances can be achieved in the manufacture of a radome wall according to the invention without the need for complex and cost-intensive manufacturing processes.
  • cover layers and three core layers are provided, the material thicknesses of which are preferably 0.42 mm (cover layer), 2.00 mm (core layer), 0.21 mm (cover layer ), 1.00 mm (core layer), 0.21 mm (top layer), 2.00 mm (core layer), 0.42 mm (top layer). These material thicknesses can of course be provided with the tolerances mentioned above.
  • cover layers and four core layers are provided, the material thicknesses of which are 0.63 mm (cover layer), 2.50 mm (core layer), 0.84 mm (cover layer), 2.00 mm (core layer), 1 .06 mm (top layer), 2.00 mm (core layer), 0.84 mm (top layer), 2.50 mm (core layer), 0.63 mm (top layer). Also the tolerances mentioned above can be provided here.
  • Both preferred embodiments show very good transmission properties for an angle of incidence range of 0° to 65°, with the frequency range for the good transmission properties being able to be defined decisively via the dielectric constants of the material used for the cover and core layers.
  • the person skilled in the art can easily determine the dielectric constant required to achieve the desired frequency range. In this case, it is preferred if the dielectric constant of the cover layers is greater than the dielectric constant of the core layers.
  • the dielectric constant of the cover layers is between 2.8 and 4.0, preferably between 3.0 and 3.6.
  • the dielectric constant of the core layers is between 1.0 and 1.2.
  • the cover layers are preferably each formed by one or more layers of prepreg material, preferably quartz glass fiber/epoxy resin prepreg.
  • it can be a quartz fiber fabric pre-impregnated with resin, the resin preferably being duroplastic, more preferably an epoxy resin.
  • the use of polyester resin is also possible.
  • the thickness of an individual prepreg is preferably 0.21 mm. With an appropriate prepreg, the thicknesses of the individual cover layers of the preferred embodiments can be easily achieved.
  • the core layers are preferably each formed from foam material, preferably from a polyimide rigid foam. This enables a particularly low specific weight of the radome wall. Through a suitable choice of foam material the required dimensional stability and dielectric permeability can be ensured. A homogeneous surface can preferably be produced with the foam material, which enables a large-area connection to the overlying cover layer.
  • the radome according to the invention differs from radomes known from the prior art only in the design of the radome wall. To explain the radome according to the invention, reference is therefore made to the above statements.
  • FIG 1 a first exemplary embodiment of a radome wall 1 not according to the invention for communication, in particular data transmission, in the frequency band from 17 to 31 GHz for use on commercial aircraft is shown in a sectional view.
  • the radome wall 1 comprises four cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11' and three core layers 21, 22, 21'.
  • the cover layers 11 and 11' each form an outside of the radome wall 1, while the core layers 21, 22, 21' are each arranged between two cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11'.
  • the cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11' are formed from quartz glass fiber/epoxy resin prepreg, the thickness of an individual prepreg layer being 0.21 mm and the thicknesses of the cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11' each being a multiple thereof are.
  • the core layers 21, 22, 21' are made of foam material, namely a polyimide rigid foam.
  • the radome wall 1 has a surface-symmetrical structure with respect to the central plane 2, with the two core layers 21, 21' closest to the outer sides of the radome wall 1 being thicker than the core layer 22 lying in the central plane 2 of the radome wall 1.
  • a tolerance of ⁇ 20% is provided for the mentioned thicknesses of the cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11'.
  • the tolerance for the thicknesses of the core layers 21, 22, 21' is ⁇ 0.2 mm.
  • the radome wall 1 shown has, despite the comparatively large tolerances for a frequency range of 17 to 31 GHz has very good transmission properties at any angle of incidence ⁇ between 0° and 65°.
  • figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a second exemplary embodiment of a radome wall 1 according to the invention, which is also designed for communication or data transmission in the frequency band from 17 to 31 GHz for use on commercial aircraft.
  • the radome wall 1 comprises five cover layers 11, 12, 13, 12', 11' and subsequently four core layers 21, 22, 22', 21'.
  • the cover layers 11 and 11' again each form an outside of the radome wall 1.
  • the arrangement of the remaining layers 12, 13, 12', 21, 22, 22', 21' results from FIG figure 2 .
  • the cover 11, 12, 13, 12', 11' and core layers 21, 22, 22', 21' are analogous to the embodiment according to FIG figure 1 built up.
  • the radome wall 1 according to figure 2 is surface-symmetrical to the central plane 2, the two core layers 21, 21' closest to the outside of the radome wall 1 being thicker than the core layers 22, 22' lying adjacent to the central plane 2 of the radome wall 1.
  • a tolerance of ⁇ 20% is provided for the mentioned thicknesses of the cover layers 11, 12, 12', 11'.
  • the tolerance for the thicknesses of the core layers 21, 22, 22', 21' and for the thickness of the cover layer 13 is ⁇ 0.2 mm.
  • the radome wall 1 shown has very good transmission properties for a frequency range from 17 to 31 GHz at any angle of incidence ⁇ between 0° and 65°.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP22153819.2A 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications de communication Active EP4009440B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016221143.9A DE102016221143B4 (de) 2016-10-27 2016-10-27 Radomwandung für Kommunikationsanwendungen
PCT/EP2017/077050 WO2018077823A1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour des applications de communication
EP17793900.6A EP3533108B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications des communications

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17793900.6A Division EP3533108B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications des communications
EP17793900.6A Division-Into EP3533108B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications des communications

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4009440A1 true EP4009440A1 (fr) 2022-06-08
EP4009440B1 EP4009440B1 (fr) 2023-09-13

Family

ID=60245071

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17793900.6A Active EP3533108B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications des communications
EP22153819.2A Active EP4009440B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications de communication

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17793900.6A Active EP3533108B1 (fr) 2016-10-27 2017-10-24 Paroi de radôme pour les applications des communications

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US11095025B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3533108B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109891669B (fr)
BR (1) BR112019008319A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3040797A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016221143B4 (fr)
ES (2) ES2909836T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018077823A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019068004A1 (fr) * 2017-09-30 2019-04-04 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Structure de radôme, système à rayonnement actif protégé et procédés d'utilisation associés
GB201914723D0 (en) 2019-10-11 2019-11-27 Rolls Royce Plc Cleaning system and a method of cleaning
US11621484B1 (en) * 2019-11-21 2023-04-04 General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. Broadband radome structure
US11969335B2 (en) 2020-04-28 2024-04-30 Cook Medical Technologies Llc Woven graft having a taper with a re-engaged warp end
US20240243464A1 (en) * 2021-02-19 2024-07-18 Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha Cover
DE102021106321A1 (de) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-22 Lufthansa Technik Aktiengesellschaft Antennenverkleidung für Flugzeuge
DE102021107538A1 (de) 2021-03-25 2022-09-29 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH Asymmetrisch aufgebautes Radom
IL292212B2 (en) * 2022-04-11 2024-01-01 Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd Radome and method of design thereof
CN115241641B (zh) * 2022-08-22 2025-10-10 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 一种雷达隐身天线罩
DE102022127708A1 (de) 2022-10-20 2024-04-25 Lufthansa Technik Aktiengesellschaft Radomwandung für Kommunikationsanwendungen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002190A (en) 1955-04-15 1961-09-26 Zenith Plastics Company Multiple sandwich broad band radome
US5849234A (en) 1996-02-16 1998-12-15 Mcdonnell Douglas Technologies, Inc. Multilayer radome structure and its fabrication
JP2009194829A (ja) * 2008-02-18 2009-08-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp レドーム
US20110050370A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Cheng-Ching Lee High electromagnetic transmission composite structure
EP2747202A1 (fr) 2012-12-18 2014-06-25 EADS Deutschland GmbH Paroi d'un radôme
US9123998B1 (en) 2014-03-04 2015-09-01 The Boeing Company Lightning protected radome system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5182155A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-01-26 Itt Corporation Radome structure providing high ballistic protection with low signal loss
US6028565A (en) * 1996-11-19 2000-02-22 Norton Performance Plastics Corporation W-band and X-band radome wall
US7463212B1 (en) * 2005-09-14 2008-12-09 Radant Technologies, Inc. Lightweight C-sandwich radome fabrication
US7420523B1 (en) * 2005-09-14 2008-09-02 Radant Technologies, Inc. B-sandwich radome fabrication
US9537207B2 (en) * 2014-12-11 2017-01-03 Thales, Inc. Antenna assembly with a multi-band radome and associated methods

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002190A (en) 1955-04-15 1961-09-26 Zenith Plastics Company Multiple sandwich broad band radome
US5849234A (en) 1996-02-16 1998-12-15 Mcdonnell Douglas Technologies, Inc. Multilayer radome structure and its fabrication
JP2009194829A (ja) * 2008-02-18 2009-08-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp レドーム
US20110050370A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Cheng-Ching Lee High electromagnetic transmission composite structure
EP2747202A1 (fr) 2012-12-18 2014-06-25 EADS Deutschland GmbH Paroi d'un radôme
US9123998B1 (en) 2014-03-04 2015-09-01 The Boeing Company Lightning protected radome system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109891669B (zh) 2021-08-27
ES2961726T3 (es) 2024-03-13
DE102016221143A1 (de) 2018-05-03
CN109891669A (zh) 2019-06-14
WO2018077823A1 (fr) 2018-05-03
US20200058991A1 (en) 2020-02-20
EP4009440B1 (fr) 2023-09-13
EP3533108B1 (fr) 2022-03-09
US11095025B2 (en) 2021-08-17
BR112019008319A2 (pt) 2019-07-16
DE102016221143B4 (de) 2018-05-09
CA3040797A1 (fr) 2018-05-03
EP3533108A1 (fr) 2019-09-04
ES2909836T3 (es) 2022-05-10

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