EP4047149B1 - Élément de construction en bois, kit d'assemblage pour un élément en bois et élément de mur - Google Patents

Élément de construction en bois, kit d'assemblage pour un élément en bois et élément de mur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4047149B1
EP4047149B1 EP22155974.3A EP22155974A EP4047149B1 EP 4047149 B1 EP4047149 B1 EP 4047149B1 EP 22155974 A EP22155974 A EP 22155974A EP 4047149 B1 EP4047149 B1 EP 4047149B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
interior
building block
wall elements
wall element
Prior art date
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Application number
EP22155974.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4047149A1 (fr
EP4047149C0 (fr
Inventor
Nico HERRMANN
Torsten Staritz
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Nito Holzstein GmbH
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Nito Holzstein GmbH
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Publication of EP4047149A1 publication Critical patent/EP4047149A1/fr
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Publication of EP4047149C0 publication Critical patent/EP4047149C0/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of triangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wooden building block, a kit for producing the wooden building block according to the invention and a wall element made of wooden building blocks and is applicable in construction both for the individual and industrial construction of environmentally friendly buildings.
  • Wooden blocks are also well known, which, when put together, create walls and partitions.
  • a cuboid-shaped building block made of wood with form-locking elements for creating a plug-in connection between several building blocks is known, which is characterized in that the form-locking elements, which are formed by recesses and/or teeth, are arranged at least on one side of the building block.
  • a wooden building block according to the preamble of claim 1 is AT A1339 2000 A , US 2004/163352 A1 and FR 915 097 A shown. Furthermore, EP 0 606 633 A2 various wooden building blocks that are cut out of a piece of so-called weak wood, some of these wooden building blocks having tongues and grooves.
  • CA 2 410 045 A1 shows a wooden building block consisting of an inner wall element and two outer wall elements, whereby the inner wall element is smaller than the outer wall elements.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a wooden building block which is easy and inexpensive to produce, can be processed effectively and meets high ecological requirements.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a kit for producing the wooden building block according to the invention.
  • Such wooden building blocks according to the invention are used to create walls.
  • Such wooden building blocks include wooden construction elements, which can be external wall elements and internal wall elements as well as other wooden construction elements.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is the simple structural design of the wooden building block according to the invention, in that two outer wall elements enclose at least one inner wall element, whereby the inner wall element adjacent to the outer wall elements and possibly further inner wall elements are arranged offset in the vertical and horizontal direction relative to the outer wall elements in such a way that opposing grooves and tongues are formed.
  • several inner wall elements can therefore also be present and arranged between the outer wall elements. It should be understood that if only one inner wall element is mentioned below, this is to be understood as at least one inner wall element and thus several inner wall elements can also be present.
  • each wooden block is coupled together in an upright position. It should be understood that, in relation to this upright position, the respective inner wall element is offset from the outer wall elements in such a way that the offset runs in a horizontal and vertical direction. According to the invention, this offset in a wall, realized by upright wooden blocks, enables each wooden block to have at least one tongue and groove in a vertical and horizontal direction. It should be understood that that in the case of a wooden building block which is, for example, in a transport position, the offset can of course also be in other directions or planes.
  • the enclosing of the inner wall element by the two outer wall elements is to be understood as a surface contact between the side surface of the respective outer wall element facing the inner element and a corresponding side surface of the inner element facing the respective outer wall element.
  • At least one first groove and one corresponding first tongue are formed in pairs in the vertical direction and at least one second groove and one corresponding second tongue are formed in the horizontal direction.
  • the wooden blocks are thus uniformly formed and each have a groove and a corresponding tongue in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the wooden blocks can thus be easily coupled with identical wooden blocks in the vertical and horizontal directions to create walls.
  • the at least one inner wall element is a first inner wall element
  • the wooden building block has two first inner wall elements and furthermore at least one second inner wall element
  • the first inner wall elements are arranged offset relative to the outer wall elements and the second inner wall element, such that in a wall the first inner wall elements are arranged offset relative to the outer wall elements and the second inner wall element in the vertical and horizontal direction, so that two grooves and two tongues are formed opposite one another.
  • the load distribution is improved by two grooves and two tongues, which can each be brought into engagement with corresponding grooves and tongues of adjacent wooden blocks.
  • the wall thickness which is determined by the depth of the two outer wall elements, the two first inner wall elements and the second inner wall element, can be increased. A greater wall thickness advantageously enables better insulation and a higher load-bearing capacity of walls.
  • the two outer elements and the at least one inner wall element are designed as rectangular panels with a transverse side and a longitudinal side, wherein the length of the transverse side and the longitudinal side of the two outer wall elements preferably correspond to the length of the transverse side and the longitudinal side of the inner wall element, in particular the first inner wall elements and the at least one second inner wall element.
  • the inner wall elements and the outer wall elements are designed as rectangular panels, grooves and tongues can be provided in a simple manner by offsetting the inner wall elements relative to the outer wall elements, by uniformly forming the longitudinal and transverse sides of said inner wall elements and outer wall elements.
  • a wooden building block can be provided with tongues and grooves formed in pairs on its front sides and longitudinal sides opposite one another.
  • This wooden building block can then be coupled with another wooden building block on its long sides and front sides. It is not necessary to align the wooden blocks exactly vertically or horizontally within the wall.
  • the wooden blocks can therefore be arranged in rows in a similar way to other stones, such as bricks, for building a house, with the stones in each row being offset laterally from the stones in neighboring rows.
  • the tongues and grooves preferably extend completely along the respective transverse side or longitudinal side of the wooden block.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extension, of the tongues is determined by the length of the first transverse sides or long sides of the inner wall element or the first inner wall element.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extent, of the grooves is defined accordingly by the length of the opposite second transverse sides or long sides of the inner wall element or the first inner wall element.
  • the at least one interior wall element and/or the two exterior wall elements preferably comprise solid wood and/or a wood-based material. If wood is used as a building material or material, a distinction is made between so-called solid wood and wood-based materials. Solid woods are, for example, boards or beams that are cut from tree trunks using the cutting manufacturing process. Wood-based materials, on the other hand, are composite materials in which processed wood products such as wood wool or chips are connected with or without adhesive or with mineral binding agents. Wood-based materials are increasingly used as building materials or insulation materials.
  • the at least one inner wall element and/or the two outer wall elements are made of solid wood.
  • the grain direction of the wood of at least one inner wall element and/or outer wall element is oriented in the longitudinal direction.
  • the grain direction of the wood of at least one inner wall element and/or outer wall element is oriented at an offset angle of maximum 90° to the longitudinal direction and in particular is arranged diagonally to the longitudinal direction.
  • the wooden building block has at least one inner wall element with a first grain direction of the wood and also at least one inner wall element and/or outer wall element with a second grain direction of the wood that is different from the first grain direction of the wood. Since wood is a material with high anisotropy, i.e.
  • the wood material preferably comprises glued wood and/or glued laminated timber and/or laminated wood and/or chipboard and/or OSB and/or recycled wood and/or a wood fiber board.
  • cost-effective wood materials can be used and their thermal and mechanical properties can be combined in a suitable manner.
  • the two outer wall elements and the inner wall element or a plurality of inner wall elements are designed as substantially rectangular plates, wherein in particular recesses are provided on the respective tongues and projections corresponding to the recesses are provided on the grooves, wherein the projections can be brought into engagement with the recesses.
  • the longitudinal sides or transverse sides of the corresponding inner wall elements and outer wall elements are thus shaped in the manner of battlements of a fortification or wall.
  • the depth of the second outer wall elements and the inner wall element, in particular of the one or the plurality of first inner wall elements and/or second inner wall elements is different.
  • a repeatable orientation or alignment of the respective wooden building blocks in a wall can be ensured.
  • This can, for example, ensure that one of the outer wall elements is positioned on the outside of the wall and the other outer wall element is positioned on the inside of the wall, for all of the wooden building blocks installed in the wall.
  • specially treated outer wall elements can be reliably positioned on the outer wall of the respective wall.
  • the individual segments are preferably arranged vertically in a wall, but can also be arranged inclined or positioned diagonally.
  • the segments are further preferably designed uniformly as rectangular plates or as diamond-shaped plates.
  • the segments are either arranged vertically in a wall, when designed as rectangular plates, or they are arranged inclined to the vertical, when designed as diamond-shaped plates.
  • the outer wall elements are connected to the one or more inner wall elements, preferably the first inner wall elements and the one or more second inner wall elements, by screws and/or nails and/or wooden dowels and/or adhesives and/or wooden pins and/or wood welding processes.
  • the screws and/or nails preferably comprise a wood material, in particular synthetic resin pressed wood. By pressing wood veneers under high pressure and temperature and adding polymer resin, the strength properties of the nails can thus be improved.
  • the one or the plurality of interior wall elements are arranged offset horizontally and vertically relative to the exterior wall elements in a wall, whereby the horizontal offset and the vertical offset are different.
  • the length of the tongues and grooves can be adjusted as required by the corresponding horizontal and vertical offset - in relation to the vertical arrangement of the respective wooden building block in a wall.
  • the wooden building blocks according to the invention are of high quality because they are made from solid kiln-dried wood.
  • a high level of weather resistance is achieved by the fact that the outer wall elements have a slope that slopes down towards the outside.
  • the outer wall elements and the one inner wall element preferably the one or the majority of first inner wall elements and second inner wall elements, are made from solid kiln-dried wood.
  • assembly interfaces in the form of tongues and grooves are provided on at least three sides of the wooden building block.
  • the tongues are designed to engage in the grooves of adjacent wooden building blocks according to the invention.
  • the wooden building blocks can thus be coupled or engaged with one another in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction by means of the grooves and tongues in order to create a wall.
  • the shorter side of the respective plate-shaped inner wall or outer wall elements is understood as the transverse side
  • the longer side of the plate-shaped inner wall or outer wall elements is understood as the longitudinal side.
  • the third side is provided by a depth, whereby the depth of the respective inner wall elements and outer wall elements can be identical or different.
  • the tongues and grooves preferably extend completely along the respective transverse side or longitudinal side of the wooden building block.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extent, of the tongues is defined by the length of the first transverse sides or longitudinal sides of the inner wall element or the first inner wall element.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extent, of the grooves is defined accordingly by the length of the opposite second transverse sides or longitudinal sides of the inner wall element or the first inner wall element.
  • the transverse side of the external wall elements is designed as a slope that slopes outwards compared to the transverse side of the internal wall element.
  • the weather resistance of the wooden blocks is thus increased.
  • the inner wall element is a first inner wall element and the wooden building block further comprises at least a second inner wall element, wherein the second inner wall element comprises an insulating material and in particular is made entirely from an insulating material.
  • an insulating material can be, for example, a wood fiber board.
  • a plasterboard or an insulation board or a wood paneling and/or a wall cladding is also attached to at least one external wall element.
  • the wooden building block has a plurality of first inner wall elements, each of which forms one or more tongues and one or more grooves.
  • at least one of the tongues is a longitudinal tongue, with one of the grooves being opposite the longitudinal tongue.
  • at least one of the tongues is a transverse tongue, with one of the grooves being opposite the transverse tongue.
  • the longitudinal tongues have a first depth, defined by a first, in particular horizontal offset
  • the transverse tongues have a second depth, defined by a second, in particular horizontal offset.
  • the second depth is preferably greater than the first depth.
  • a long side or a transverse side of the interior wall element has a functional element, in particular a window frame section, a door frame section or a seal.
  • a functional element makes it possible to easily integrate doors or windows into a wall, for example, which is realized using the wooden building blocks according to the invention.
  • the functional element is preferably designed to accommodate such doors, windows or roof structures.
  • the wooden building block further comprises a front-side corner connection, which is formed by a number of second transverse sides of the inner wall element, in particular the one or the plurality of first inner wall elements and second inner wall elements, as well as the two outer wall elements.
  • the second transverse sides of the first outer wall element are offset in a step-like manner relative to the second outer wall element.
  • the step-like offset of the transverse sides provides a corner connection which can be brought into engagement with a corresponding corner connection of a second wooden building block. Due to the step-like offset, the outer wall element on the outside of a wall has a greater length or long side than the outer wall element arranged on the inside. In this way, structures made up of several walls, which in particular also extend over corners, can be realized.
  • the wooden building block according to the invention can be manufactured industrially as a prefabricated building element and delivered in the same way as conventional building blocks. However, it is also possible to provide a kit for producing a wooden building block.
  • the invention solves the problem mentioned above in one aspect by a construction kit according to claim 11 for a wooden building block according to the invention.
  • the production of the wooden building block is therefore carried out individually by assembling two external wall elements with at least one internal wall element or with several internal wall elements, whereby the external wall elements and the internal wall elements have prefabricated holes for connecting elements and the holes are arranged in such a way that predetermined internal wall elements are aligned with the external wall elements in vertical and horizontally by inserting the connecting elements so that opposing grooves and tongues are formed.
  • the connecting elements are preferably screws, nails or wooden dowels.
  • the invention solves the problem mentioned above in a further aspect by a wall element according to claim 13
  • Another advantage is that when building walls or structures, strips of, for example, hemp, wood fiber or an elastic material such as cork can be placed between the individual wooden blocks. This counteracts the negative effects of the natural properties of the material wood, which means that it expands or shrinks under certain conditions. contraction. In addition, this prevents the penetration of moisture.
  • adjacent wooden blocks are additionally connected to one another by screws and/or bolts, in particular metal screws.
  • the method further comprises arranging strips of, for example, hemp, wood fiber or an elastic material such as cork between the interconnected wooden building blocks, wherein the arrangement preferably takes place before step b).
  • This counteracts the negative effects of the natural properties of the material wood to expand or contract under certain conditions. In addition, this prevents the penetration of moisture.
  • the wooden building block 100 has two outer wall elements 1a and 1b, which enclose an inner wall element 2 or accommodate it between them.
  • the two outer wall elements 1a and 1b each have two transverse sides 7a, 7b running parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides 7c, 7d running parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides extend in a longitudinal direction L.
  • the transverse sides 7a, 7b and the longitudinal sides 7c, 7d preferably run perpendicular to one another, so that the outer wall elements 1a and 1b are each designed as rectangular panels, each with an inner side surface 10a and an outer side surface 10b with a rectangular cross section Q 10 .
  • the inner wall element 2 has two transverse sides 8a, 8b running parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides 8c, 8d running parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides extend in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the transverse sides 8a, 8b and the longitudinal sides 8c, 8d preferably run perpendicular to one another, so that the inner wall element 2 is designed as a rectangular plate with two side surfaces 11a, 11b facing the outer wall elements 1a, 1b with a rectangular cross section Q 11 .
  • the length of the transverse sides 7a, 7b of the outer wall elements corresponds to the length of the transverse sides 8a, 8b of the inner wall element 2 and the length of the longitudinal sides 7c, 7d of the outer wall elements corresponds to the length of the longitudinal sides 8c, 8d of the inner wall element 2, so that the cross sections Q 10 and Q 11 correspond.
  • the inner wall element 2 is arranged offset in the vertical and horizontal direction relative to the outer wall elements 1a and 1b in such a way that, due to the matching cross sections Q 10 and Q 11, a groove 5 and a tongue 4 are formed opposite one another.
  • the grooves 5, 5' are formed opposite the tongues 4, 4'.
  • the tongues 4, 4' and the grooves 5, 5' preferably extend completely along the respective transverse side or longitudinal side of the wooden building block 100.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extent, of the tongues 4, 4' is defined by the length of the first transverse sides 8a or longitudinal sides 8c of the inner wall element 2.
  • the length, i.e. the longitudinal extent, of the grooves 5, 5' is correspondingly defined by the length of the respective opposite second transverse sides 8b or longitudinal sides 8d of the inner wall element 2.
  • the inner wall element 2 is segmented and comprises the segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d.
  • the individual segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d are preferably arranged vertically, but can also be arranged at an angle or positioned diagonally. It should be understood that in a vertical arrangement of the segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d, the transverse sides of the segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d run perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. In the case of an inclined arrangement of the segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d, it should be understood that the transverse sides of the segments 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d are inclined compared to the vertical arrangement described above.
  • the inner wall element 2 can also be formed in one piece, whereby in this embodiment all three wall elements 1a, 1b and 2 have the same dimensions.
  • the outer wall elements 1a and 1b are connected to the inner wall element 2 by screws not shown in the figure.
  • the screw connection can also be supplemented with adhesive.
  • strips of hemp or cork or another elastic material can be arranged between the wooden blocks 100 in order to compensate for possible changes in the dimensions of the outer wall elements 1a and 1b and/or the inner wall element 2. and to prevent the penetration of moisture. Such changes can occur even though the external wall elements 1a and 1b and the internal wall element 2a already meet high quality requirements by being made of solid kiln-dried wood.
  • FIG. 2a, 2b and 2c show overviews of a wooden building block 100 with two outer wall elements 1a and 1b and two first inner wall elements 2a, 2b and a second inner wall element 3.
  • This design variant therefore has a total of five wall elements, of which the first inner wall elements 2a and 2b are offset upwards and to the right in a wall.
  • This arrangement of the first inner wall elements 2a and 2b means that the first inner wall elements 2a and 2b protrude above the outer wall elements 1a and 1b and the second inner wall element 3 and form the two longitudinal tongues 4a', 4b' and protrude on the right side and form the two transverse tongues 4a, 4b.
  • the grooves 5a, 5b, 5a', 5b' are also formed opposite the tongues 4a, 4b, 4a', 4b' in this design variant.
  • the two outer wall elements 1a and 1b each have two transverse sides 7a, 7b running parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides 7c, 7d running parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides extend in a longitudinal direction L.
  • the transverse sides 7a, 7b and the longitudinal sides 7c, 7d preferably run perpendicular to one another, so that the outer wall elements 1a and 1b are each designed as rectangular panels, each with an inner side surface 10a and an outer side surface 10b with a rectangular cross section Q 10 .
  • the first inner wall elements 2a and 2b each have two transverse sides 8a, 8b running parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides 8c, 8d running parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides 8c, 8d extend in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the transverse sides 8a, 8b and the longitudinal sides 8c, 8d preferably run perpendicular to one another, so that the first inner wall elements 2a and 2b are designed as a rectangular plate with two side surfaces 11a, 11b facing the outer wall elements 1a, 1b with a rectangular cross section Q 11 .
  • the length of the transverse sides 7a, 7b of the outer wall elements corresponds to the length of the transverse sides 8a, 8b of the inner wall element 2 and the length of the long sides 7c, 7d of the outer wall elements correspond to the length of the long sides 8c, 8d of the inner wall element 2, so that the cross-sections Q 10 and Q 11 correspond.
  • the second inner wall element 3 has two transverse sides 9a, 9b running parallel to one another and two longitudinal sides 9c, 9d running parallel to one another.
  • the longitudinal sides extend in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the transverse sides 8a, 8b and the longitudinal sides 8c, 8d preferably run perpendicular to one another, so that the inner wall element 2 is designed as a rectangular plate.
  • the second inner wall element 3 is formed parallel to the outer wall elements 1a and 1b, i.e. the transverse sides 9a, 9b and longitudinal sides 9c, 9d of the second inner wall element 3 are arranged parallel to the transverse sides 7a, 7b and longitudinal sides 7c, 7d.
  • FIG. 3a, 3b and 3c now show further overviews of a wooden building block 100.
  • the same reference numerals were used, as in the previously shown embodiments according to the Figures 1a to 1c and 2a to 2c. Reference is also made to their description.
  • the wooden building block 100 has two outer wall elements 1a and 1b and five inner wall elements 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a and 3b.
  • This design variant therefore has a total of seven wall elements, of which the first inner wall elements 2a, 2b and 2c are offset upwards and to the right in a wall.
  • This arrangement of the first inner wall elements 2a, 2b and 2c means that the first inner wall elements 2a, 2b and 2c protrude above the outer wall elements 1a and 1b and the second inner wall elements 3a and 3b and form the three longitudinal tongues 4a', 4b', 4c' and protrude on the right side and form the three transverse tongues 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • the grooves 5a, 4b, 5c, 5a', 5b', 5c' are also formed opposite the springs 4a, 4b, 4c, 4a', 4b', 4c'.
  • the second inner wall elements 3a and 3b i.e. their transverse sides 9a, 9b and longitudinal sides 9c, 9d, are arranged parallel to the outer wall elements 1a and 1b, i.e. their transverse sides 7a, 7b and longitudinal sides 7c, 7d.
  • FIG. 4a, 4b and 4c now show further overviews of a wooden building block 100.
  • the same reference numerals were used, as in the previously shown embodiments according to the Figures 1a to 1c and 2a to 2c and 3a to 3c. Reference is also made to their description.
  • FIG. 4a, 4b and 4c The three views according to Fig. 4a, 4b and 4c The overviews shown correspond essentially to the representations of the Fig. 2a, 2b and 2c , wherein in this overview representation of the wooden building block 100 with two outer wall elements 1a and 1b and three inner wall elements 2a, 2b and 3, the outer wall elements 1a, 1b each additionally have a longitudinal side 7c designed as an outwardly sloping slope 12.
  • the slope 12 allows moisture to drain away and not penetrate into the interior of the wooden building block 100. This ensures a high level of weather resistance.
  • the kit for producing a wooden building block 100 is not shown explicitly in the figures, but is readily apparent to the expert based on the Fig. 1a to 4c and the description is obvious and understandable.
  • the individual production of a wooden building block from such a kit is carried out by assembling two outer wall elements 1a, 1b with at least one inner wall element 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, whereby the outer wall elements 1a, 1b and the inner wall elements 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b preferably have prefabricated holes for connecting elements.
  • the holes are arranged in such a way that selected first inner wall elements 2a, 2b, 2c are positioned offset in a vertical and horizontal direction relative to the outer wall elements 1a, 1b in the installed state in a wall by introducing the connecting elements in such a way that opposite each other there are pairs of transverse grooves 5a, 5b, 5c and tongues 4a, 4b, 4c and longitudinal grooves 5a', 5b', 5c' and tongues 4a', 4b', 4c'.
  • the connecting elements are screws and/or wooden dowels.
  • FIG. 5a, 5b , 5c and 5d now show further overviews of a wooden building block 100.
  • the same reference numerals were used, as in the previously shown embodiments according to the Figures 1a to 1c , 2a to 2c as well as 3a to 3c and 4a to 4c used. Reference is also made to their description.
  • FIG. 5a, 5b , 5c and 5d now show two wooden blocks 100, 100', each with a front corner connection 13.
  • Each of the two corner connections 13 is formed in the present case by a number of second transverse sides 7b, 8b, 9b of the two first inner wall elements 2a, 2b, the second inner wall element 3 and the two outer wall elements 1a, 1b. At least a portion of the second transverse sides 7b, 8b, 9b is arranged offset from one another in a step-like manner, starting from the first outer wall element 1a and moving towards the second outer wall element 1b.
  • the corner connections 13 of the two wooden building blocks 100, 100' are designed to correspond to one another, so that the step-like offset second transverse sides 7b, 8b, 9b of the first wooden building block 100 can be brought into contact with the step-like offset second transverse sides 7b, 8b, 9b of the second wooden building block 100'.
  • the first wooden building block 100 has two grooves 5a, 5b opposite the corner connection 13, which are formed by the first transverse sides 7a, 8a, 9a.
  • the first transverse sides of the two first inner wall elements 2a, 2b are set back from the first transverse sides 7a, 9a of the second inner wall element 3 and the two outer wall elements 1a, 1b.
  • the first interior wall elements 2a, 2b are arranged in a known manner in a horizontal offset V h and a vertical offset V v - with respect to the arrangement of the wooden building block in a wall - offset from the exterior wall elements 1a, 1b and the second interior wall element 3.
  • the longitudinal sides 8c of the two first inner wall elements 2a, 2b protrude from the longitudinal sides 7c of the two outer wall elements and the second inner wall element 3, are thus arranged offset from them, and thus form two longitudinal springs 4a', 4b'.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') destiné à réaliser des murs, comprenant :
    - deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) en forme de panneau avec une section transversale (Q10) sensiblement rectangulaire, et
    - au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) en forme de panneau disposé entre les deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b), avec une section transversale (Q11) sensiblement rectangulaire,
    dans lequel l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est réalisé et est disposé par rapport aux deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) de telle manière que
    a) respectivement un premier côté longitudinal (8c) et un premier côté transversal (8a) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) font saillie par rapport aux deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et réalisent respectivement un ou plusieurs ressorts (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c'), dans lequel au moins un deuxième côté longitudinal (8d) ou un deuxième côté transversal (8b) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est en retrait par rapport aux deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et forme respectivement une ou plusieurs rainures (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c'), ou
    b) respectivement un premier côté longitudinal (8c) et un premier côté transversal (8a) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) sont en retrait par rapport aux deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et forment respectivement une ou plusieurs rainures (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c'), dans lequel au moins un deuxième côté longitudinal (8d) ou un deuxième côté transversal (8b) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) fait saillie par rapport aux deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et forme respectivement un ou plusieurs ressorts (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c'),
    caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) et/ou les éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) sont réalisés de manière segmentée en segments (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d), dans lequel le bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') s'étend dans une direction longitudinale (L) et les segments (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d) sont disposés de manière adjacente les uns aux autres dans la direction longitudinale (L).
  2. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est un premier élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c), et
    que le bloc de construction en bois présente deux premiers éléments de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) et en outre un deuxième élément de mur intérieur (3, 3a, 3b), dans lequel les premiers éléments de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) sont disposés de manière décalée par rapport aux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et au deuxième élément de mur intérieur (3, 3a, 3b), de telle manière que, dans un mur, les premiers éléments de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) sont disposés de manière décalée dans la direction verticale et horizontale par rapport aux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et au deuxième élément de mur intérieur (3, 3a, 3b) si bien qu'il en résulte en vis-à-vis deux rainures (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c') et deux ressorts (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c').
  3. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la profondeur de l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) et des deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) est différente, et/ou
    que l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est disposé selon un décalage horizontal (Vh) dans une direction horizontale et selon un décalage vertical (Vv) dans une direction verticale par rapport aux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) dans un mur, dans lequel le décalage horizontal (Vh) et le décalage vertical (Vv) sont de manière préférée différents.
  4. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les premiers éléments de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) et/ou l'au moins un deuxième élément de mur intérieur (3, 3a, 3b) sont réalisés de manière segmentée en segments (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d).
  5. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les segments (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d) sont réalisés avec une forme identique en tant que panneaux sensiblement rectangulaires ou en tant que panneaux en forme de losange.
  6. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) sont reliés à l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2e) par des vis et/ou des clous et/ou des chevilles en bois et/ou des adhésifs.
  7. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2e) sont produits à partir de bois massif séché au four.
  8. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un deuxième élément de mur intérieur (3, 3a, 3b) présente un matériau isolant.
  9. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) sont réalisés en tant que panneaux rectangulaires avec un côté transversal (8a, 8b) et un côté longitudinal (8c, 8d), dans lequel la longueur du côté transversal (8a, 8b) et du côté longitudinal (8c, 8d) des deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) correspondent à la longueur du côté transversal (8a, 8b) et du côté longitudinal (8c, 8d) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c),
    dans lequel un côté longitudinal (7c, 7d) des éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) est réalisé en tant qu'un chanfrein (12) tombant vers l'extérieur par rapport au côté longitudinal (8c, 8d) de l'élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c).
  10. Bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un côté longitudinal (8c, 8d) ou un côté transversal (8a, 8b) de l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) et/ou un côté longitudinal (7c, 7d) ou un côté transversal (7a, 7b) des éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) présente(nt) un élément fonctionnel.
  11. Ensemble de construction destiné à fabriquer un bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, par assemblage de deux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) à au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c), dans lequel les éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) et l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) présentent des alésages préfabriqués pour des éléments de liaison et les alésages sont disposés de telle manière que l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est disposé de manière décalée par rapport aux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) de telle manière que, dans un mur, l'au moins un élément de mur intérieur (2, 2a, 2b, 2c) est disposé de manière décalée, par l'introduction des éléments de liaison, dans une direction verticale et une direction horizontale par rapport aux éléments de mur extérieur (1a, 1b) de telle manière qu'il en résulte en vis-à-vis au moins une rainure (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c') et un ressort (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c').
  12. Utilisation d'un bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 pour réaliser des murs,
    dans laquelle au moins un ressort (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c') d'un bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') est amené en prise avec une rainure (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c') d'un bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') voisin.
  13. Elément de mur destiné à réaliser des murs, avec
    au moins un premier bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') et un deuxième bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1à 10,
    dans lequel au moins
    un ressort (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4', 4a', 4b', 4c') du premier bloc de construction en bois (100, 100') est mis au point pour être en prise avec une rainure (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5', 5a', 5b', 5c') du deuxième bloc de construction en bois (100, 100').
  14. Elément de mur selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que, lors de la réalisation de murs et d'ouvrages de construction, des bandes en chanvre ou en fibres de bois ou en un matériau élastique sont disposées entre les divers blocs de construction en bois (100, 100').
EP22155974.3A 2021-02-19 2022-02-09 Élément de construction en bois, kit d'assemblage pour un élément en bois et élément de mur Active EP4047149B1 (fr)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT409646B (de) * 2000-08-01 2002-09-25 Wagner Erwin Ing Holzblock zum errichten von wänden

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR915097A (fr) * 1945-09-26 1946-10-25 Parpaing pour constructions économiques
IT8018116A0 (it) * 1980-07-25 1980-07-25 Affinita Tommaso Blocco ad incastro per la costruzione di murature
DE59307071D1 (de) * 1993-04-23 1997-09-11 Waldenburger Holzkabinett Frie Bausatz aus Holzbausteinen
DE20117888U1 (de) 2001-11-02 2002-02-21 Dunz, Lothar, 88605 Sauldorf Quaderförmiger Baustein, eine Mauerstückanordnung aus Bausteinen
CA2410045A1 (fr) * 2002-11-21 2004-05-21 Mario Chabot Bille en bois massif isolee
CA2458071A1 (fr) * 2003-02-21 2004-08-21 Mcryan Engineered Wood Products Ltd. Brique de bois
DE102018204154B3 (de) 2018-03-19 2019-08-08 Werner Grosse Holzbaustein

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT409646B (de) * 2000-08-01 2002-09-25 Wagner Erwin Ing Holzblock zum errichten von wänden

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EP4047149A1 (fr) 2022-08-24
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