EP4067781B1 - Registre de froid destiné à la génération d'air froid pourvu de dispositif de dégivrage - Google Patents

Registre de froid destiné à la génération d'air froid pourvu de dispositif de dégivrage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4067781B1
EP4067781B1 EP21165822.4A EP21165822A EP4067781B1 EP 4067781 B1 EP4067781 B1 EP 4067781B1 EP 21165822 A EP21165822 A EP 21165822A EP 4067781 B1 EP4067781 B1 EP 4067781B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scraping
sleeves
register according
refrigeration
refrigeration register
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21165822.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4067781A1 (fr
EP4067781C0 (fr
Inventor
Christian Mayr
Daniel Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3CON Anlagenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
3CON Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3CON Anlagenbau GmbH filed Critical 3CON Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority to EP21165822.4A priority Critical patent/EP4067781B1/fr
Publication of EP4067781A1 publication Critical patent/EP4067781A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4067781C0 publication Critical patent/EP4067781C0/fr
Publication of EP4067781B1 publication Critical patent/EP4067781B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F25D21/065—Removing frost by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
    • F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
    • F25C1/142—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the outer walls of cooled bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/08—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
    • F28G1/10—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted resiliently mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/042—Snow making by using solid ice, e.g. ice crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling register for generating cold air, in particular for snow-making systems, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Snowmaking systems are known for producing artificial snow, which can be used for ski slopes, for example. Snowmaking systems work by spraying water into a cold air stream, which cools the water droplets accordingly and turns them into snow or snow or ice crystals.
  • Cooling registers in the form of finned cooling registers are known for cooling an air flow.
  • Such finned cooling registers have a very large number of fins that are cooled down considerably using a suitable coolant, which enables large cooling surface is created for the passing air flow.
  • Icing is a major problem with cooling registers. As the amount of icing increases, the efficiency of a cooling register is greatly reduced. This can lead to the cooling register not functioning at all.
  • One way to counteract this problem with finned cooling registers is to use two such cooling registers, of which only one is used during operation. If one cooling register is icy, the second cooling register is put into operation while the icy cooling register is defrosted.
  • this principle is associated with high costs and requires a lot of space. For applications where the air to be cooled has a high humidity, this principle is not economical to use, as the cooling register would icing up too quickly. This is particularly true of snowmaking systems, where the humidity is often between 65% and 100%.
  • CN109141071 A heat exchanger with retractable tube bundles for the chemical industry that can defrost itself automatically.
  • CN104197749A relates to a device for recovering latent heat during the freezing of cold water, which is based on continuous mechanical ice removal from the outside of the pipe.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a cooling register for generating cold air, which is particularly suitable for cooling air which has a high humidity and which enables particularly effective de-icing.
  • ice is used in the broadest sense within the scope of the invention and is intended to include all types of frozen substances that can deposit on the refrigerant guide pipes, in particular snow.
  • the cooling register according to the invention is a smooth tube heat exchanger, i.e. a heat exchanger that has a stack or a bundle of parallel coolant guide tubes that have a smooth surface with an external diameter that remains constant over their length.
  • the scraping device enables very effective, continuous scraping of ice that forms on the coolant guide tubes while the cooling register is in operation.
  • the cooling register can therefore be used in a particularly economical and effective manner, in particular for generating cold air at high humidity, for example at an humidity of 60% to 100%, and thus in particular also in snow-making systems and for generating snow at relatively high temperatures.
  • the scraping sleeves have two sleeve-shaped end sections protruding on opposite sides of the coupling section, the scraping sleeves are relatively thin-walled in the area of their outer ends, ie the two end faces of the scraping sleeves are narrow or have a small surface area.
  • the scraping sleeves push thus less ice is pushed out.
  • ice accumulations are eliminated. In particular, it can be avoided that a large amount of scraped ice is pressed and accumulates between the scraping sleeves and a strip or end plate arranged at the end of the stroke, through which the coolant guide pipes are led.
  • the end sections have outer ends that delimit the scraping sleeves, with the end sections tapering conically towards the outer ends so that the end sections are wedge-shaped in longitudinal section.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the end sections preferably runs at an acute angle relative to the inner circumferential surface. This angle can be, for example, 2° to 20°, preferably 3° to 10°, particularly preferably 4° to 6°.
  • the scraper sleeves have a stepped inner diameter, whereby the inner diameter in the area between the end sections is larger than in the area of the end sections. This reduces the friction between the scraper sleeves and the refrigerant guide pipes. The risk of jamming of the scraper sleeves and the required power of the drive device are reduced.
  • the end sections each have several scraping edges, so that the scraping sleeves each have at least four scraping edges. This allows the ice to be scraped off in a particularly effective manner.
  • the end sections comprise at least one peripheral scraping edge, preferably an inner and an outer peripheral scraping edge, and at least one further scraping edge which is arranged between the outer end and an inner peripheral edge of a contact surface of the end sections. This allows the scraping effect of the scraping sleeves to be further improved.
  • the further scraping edge is formed by a boundary wall of a groove which extends obliquely or in an arc from the outer end to the inner peripheral edge of the respective end section.
  • the ice scraped off by the further scraping edge can be discharged via the groove from the space between the end section and the refrigerant guide pipe.
  • the scraping sleeves have an intermediate section arranged between the end section and the coupling section with at least one wall opening which adjoins the end section.
  • ice which is scraped off by an inner edge-side scraping edge or another scraping edge of an end section can be discharged from the inside of the scraper sleeve to the outside through the wall opening.
  • the scraper sleeves are in driving engagement with driver elements by means of a form-fitting connection and without a rigid connection, which can be moved back and forth by the drive device.
  • This allows the scraper sleeves to align themselves simply and very precisely with the coolant guide pipes without becoming distorted or jammed with the driver elements.
  • the driver elements and outer contours of the scraper sleeves can be manufactured with larger tolerances and thus in a simpler and more economical manner.
  • a gap-shaped space is provided between the scraper sleeves and the driver elements.
  • the space allows the scraper sleeves and driver elements to expand and contract unhindered when the temperature changes. This is particularly important when the scraper sleeves and driver elements are made of different materials with different expansion behavior.
  • the refrigerant guide tubes are made of stainless steel
  • the scraper sleeves are made of a softer material than the refrigerant guide tubes, in particular brass or a brass alloy
  • the driver elements are made of a light aluminum material.
  • the driver elements consist of driver strips arranged between adjacent scraper sleeves.
  • driver strips arranged between adjacent scraper sleeves.
  • driver bars arranged between vertically adjacent rows of scraper sleeves.
  • vertically arranged driver bars arranged between horizontally adjacent rows of scraper sleeves.
  • the scraper sleeves on both sides of the carrier elements protrude beyond them in the longitudinal direction of the refrigerant guide pipes. This creates a gap or space between the ends of the scraper sleeves and the carrier elements, over which the scraped ice can be carried along by the air flow without hindrance.
  • the coupling section preferably has a radially outwardly projecting coupling web which engages in a form-fitting manner in a groove of the driver elements. This makes it easy to create a form-fitting connection between the driver elements, in particular driver strips, and the scraping sleeves without rigidly connecting the scraping sleeves to the driver elements. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the coupling web on the driver elements and the groove on the scraping sleeves.
  • the coupling web is arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction of the scraper sleeve. This allows the driving force to be introduced centrally and thus evenly into the scraper sleeve during both the forward and backward movements.
  • the cooling register preferably has several rows of refrigerant guide pipes arranged parallel to one another, one above the other, with a driver element arranged between two adjacent rows and engaging with the scraper sleeves of both rows. This makes it possible for the scraper sleeves to be coupled to driver elements on two opposite sides, whereby the thrust forces are transferred to the scraper sleeves evenly and without tilting moments and the number of driver elements can be kept as low as possible.
  • a heating device is provided on or in the driver elements to heat the driver elements. This allows ice that has accumulated in the space between the driver elements and the scraper sleeves to be quickly and easily melted away if necessary.
  • the heating device preferably comprises fluid guide lines for conducting a heated fluid, for example hot water. This allows the defrosting process to be carried out in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • Other types of heating devices are also possible, for example an electric heating device.
  • the cooling register has a holding element on two opposite sides which can be moved back and forth by the drive device and on which the carrier elements are held in their end areas.
  • This allows the carrier elements to be attached in a simple and space-saving manner and to be moved by means of the drive device
  • the holding elements are advantageously located at the outermost edge of the flow channel, whereby turbulence in the air flowing through and impairment of the cold transfer can be avoided or at least largely reduced.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes are mounted with radial play, i.e. floating, in end plates that are designed as perforated plates.
  • This allows the refrigerant guide pipes to expand or contract unhindered when the temperature changes, which can prevent material stresses and deformations of the refrigerant guide pipes and/or end plates.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes can also advantageously be fixed in a floating manner in the longitudinal direction.
  • the end plates are heated. This allows scraped ice that has been pushed from the scraping sleeves to the end plates to be easily melted and removed if necessary.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a cooling register 1 for generating cold air in snow production systems.
  • the cooling register 1 essentially has a cube-shaped or cuboid-shaped outer contour, which is delimited by a housing frame 2.
  • the air inlet side is at the bottom and the air outlet side is at the top. The air to be cooled thus flows through the cooling register 1 from bottom to top in the direction of the arrows 3.
  • cooling register 1 Another orientation of the cooling register 1, in which the air flow flows, for example, from top to bottom or in a horizontal direction through the cooling register 1, is also conceivable within the scope of the invention.
  • the cooling register 1 comprises a plurality of straight refrigerant guide pipes 4 through which a refrigerant, for example a glycol-water mixture, can be passed.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are connected at one end to an external refrigeration machine (not shown), which cools the refrigerant to a low temperature of, for example, -30°C.
  • the refrigerant cools the refrigerant guide pipes 4 accordingly, which then have a correspondingly cold surface.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are arranged horizontally and parallel to one another at a predetermined distance from one another in such a way that they form a stack/bundle.
  • the cooling register includes 1 a plurality, for example 20 to 100, of such superimposed rows 5 of refrigerant guide tubes 4.
  • the cooling register 1 can thus comprise a very large number, for example 100 to several thousand, of refrigerant guide tubes 4. The number is variable to a large extent and is determined by the size of the cooling register 1 and the desired cold transfer capacity.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are preferably made of stainless steel, which have a very precise, constant outer diameter with only very small tolerance deviations over their entire length.
  • the mutual distance of the refrigerant guide pipes 4 in the vertical direction i.e. the vertical distance between the individual horizontal rows, is preferably the same and is advantageously 0.5 - 4 times, particularly preferably 0.8 - 2 times, in particular 0.9 - 1.2 times the outer diameter of the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • the mutual distance of the refrigerant guide pipes 4 in the horizontal direction can be the same or different to their vertical distance.
  • the cooling register 1 also has a mechanical de-icing device designed as a scraper for scraping off ice formed on the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • This de-icing device is designed in such a way that it can be activated during operation of the cooling register 1 can operate permanently and very effectively, with the cooling and flow of air through the cooling register 1 being impeded as little as possible.
  • Figure 7 shows two refrigerant guide pipes 4 and interacting elements of the defrosting device, wherein a longitudinal section through the refrigerant guide pipes 4 is shown.
  • the defrosting device For each refrigerant guide pipe 4, the defrosting device comprises a scraping sleeve 6 with opposite end sections 7 which closely enclose the associated refrigerant guide pipe 4, a coupling section 26 which is arranged substantially in the middle of the scraping sleeve 6, and intermediate sections 9 arranged on both sides of the coupling section 26 which connect the end sections 7 to the coupling section 26.
  • the individual scraping sleeves 6 have no rigid connection relative to each other and can therefore align themselves solely on the refrigerant guide pipe 4.
  • the scraping sleeves 6 each have an elongated, tubular shape.
  • the length of the scraping sleeves 6 can vary widely and can preferably be 2 - 8 times, particularly preferably 4 - 7 times, the outer diameter that the scraping sleeves 6 have in their intermediate section 9. In the embodiment shown, the length of the scraping sleeves 6 is approximately 5 times the intermediate section outer diameter and approximately 6 times the outer diameter of the coolant guide pipes 4.
  • the wall thickness of the scraping sleeves 6 is small compared to their length, but can also vary widely.
  • the wall thickness in the intermediate sections 28 and end sections 7 is less than 10%, particularly preferably less than 5% of the total length of the scraping sleeve 6.
  • the wall thickness in the sleeve sections 28, 7 can be approximately the same as the wall thickness of the coolant guide pipes 4.
  • each scraping sleeve 6 are sleeve-shaped and have frontal, outer ends 8 and a guide or contact surface 30 which rests on the coolant guide pipe 4 and encloses it closely, ie without play or with only very little play.
  • the contact surface 30 is delimited on the one hand by an outer scraping edge 25a and on the other hand by an inner peripheral edge 31 which is formed by a diameter step.
  • the length of each contact surface 30 can be small compared to the total length of the scraping sleeve 6 and can be, for example, 1 to 20%, preferably 3 to 10%, particularly preferably 4 to 8% of the total length.
  • the outer diameter of the scraping sleeves 6 decreases continuously towards the ends 8, so that the end sections 7 have a conical shape.
  • the end faces of the scraping sleeves 6 therefore have a smaller area than the cross-sectional area of the coupling section 26.
  • the wall thickness of the scraping sleeves 6 at the ends 8 can be smaller or only the same as the wall thickness of the refrigerant guide pipes. 4.
  • the end sections 7 are wedge-shaped in longitudinal section.
  • the circumferential scraping edge 25a of the scraping sleeves 6 provided on the front ends 8 is designed as a sharp-edged scraping edge that surrounds the associated refrigerant guide pipe 4 with no play or only very little play.
  • the scraping edge 25a scrapes off the ice that has formed or deposited on the associated refrigerant guide pipe 4.
  • the intermediate sections 9 preferably have a constant outer diameter at least over the majority of their length.
  • the coupling section 26 is formed by a coupling web 10 which projects radially beyond the outer contour of the intermediate sections 9 and end sections 7.
  • the coupling web 10 can be a web which runs continuously around the circumference of the scraping sleeves 6. It is also possible for the coupling web 10 to consist of two partial webs or projections which project diametrically opposite one another upwards and downwards beyond the outer contour of the intermediate sections 9.
  • the coupling webs 10 serve for the positive connection of the scraping sleeves 6 with driver elements 11, which in the illustrated embodiment are designed as elongated driver strips 12 and run transversely to the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • the driver strips 12 serve to move the scraping sleeves 6 back and forth along the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • each row of scraper sleeves 6 arranged next to one another in a horizontal plane is positively coupled to two driver strips 12, with one driver strip 12 being arranged below a specific row of scraper sleeves 6 and another driver strip 12 being arranged above this row of scraper sleeves 6.
  • one driver strip 12 is provided in the space between two vertically spaced rows of scraper sleeves 6, which interacts with both a lower row and an upper row of scraper sleeves 6.
  • the carrier strips 12 form a vertical stack, wherein a horizontal row 5 of refrigerant guide tubes 4 or scraper sleeves 6 is arranged in the space between each two vertically adjacent carrier strips 12.
  • FIGS 3 and 4 show the stack of carrier strips 12, whereby a few scraper sleeves 6 are shown between the three lowest carrier strips 12.
  • the driver bars 12 are in an end position of the displacement path.
  • the carrier strips 12 are flat strip elements with a relatively low height.
  • the height of the carrier strips 12 is less than the vertical distance between vertically adjacent scraper sleeves 6. This creates a gap or space 13 between the carrier strips 12 and the adjacent scraper sleeves 6, which free expansion of the driver bars 12 and scraper sleeves 6 in the event of temperature fluctuations, also in the vertical direction.
  • the driver strips 12 are in engagement with the scraper sleeves 6 in an exclusively form-fitting manner such that, when moving in the longitudinal direction of the refrigerant guide pipes 4, they move the scraper sleeves 6 accordingly, i.e. they slide on the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • the driver strips 12 have grooves 14 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the driver strips 12, i.e. transversely to the longitudinal direction of the refrigerant guide pipes 4, and are designed such that the coupling webs 10 of the scraper sleeves 6 can engage in the grooves 14.
  • carrier strips 12 which are arranged between vertically spaced rows of coolant guide pipes 4 or scraper sleeves 6 have a groove 14 on both their underside and their upper side, the lower and upper grooves 14 preferably being of the same design but being open on opposite sides. This allows a carrier strip 12 to be positively coupled to both the scraper sleeves 6 located below and above.
  • the width of the carrier strips 12 is less than the length of the scraper sleeves 6.
  • the width of the carrier strips 12 is such that the end sections 7 of the scraper sleeves 6 protrude beyond the carrier strips 12. This creates a distance between the ends 8 of the scraper sleeves 6 and the carrier strips 12. or free space is created for receiving scraped ice, through which the scraped ice can be carried along by the air flow without being hindered by the carrier strips 12.
  • a heating device is provided within the carrier strips 12 for heating the carrier strips 12 in the event that defrosting is required.
  • the heating device comprises a fluid guide line 15, which is arranged inside or on the edge of each carrier strip 12.
  • the fluid guide lines 15 preferably extend over the entire length of the carrier strips 12. If required, a heated fluid, in particular hot water, can be guided within the fluid guide lines 15, which transfers the heat to the carrier strips 12. This makes it easy to defrost ice that has accumulated on or in the vicinity of the carrier strips 12, in particular in the gap 13.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the drive device for moving the scraper sleeves 6 and the holding structure for holding the driver bars 12, wherein the majority of the refrigerant guide pipes 4, scraper sleeves 6 and driver bars 12 are omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the cooling register 1 has on two opposite sides a holding element 16 which can be moved back and forth by the drive device, ie displaced in the longitudinal direction of the refrigerant guide pipes 4, on which the carrier strips 12 are fixed with their opposite end areas.
  • the two holding elements 16 extend in the vertical direction and over the entire height of the stack of carrier strips 12 and are located at the outermost edge of the air duct.
  • the holding elements 16 can be moved at their lower and upper ends on a sliding guide (not shown in detail) of the housing frame 2 in the longitudinal direction of the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • the holding elements 16 comprise rake-like slotted strips 17 with horizontal slots arranged one above the other, whereby the end region of each carrier strip 12 engages in an associated horizontal slot and is thereby positioned.
  • the slotted strip 17 associated with the rear holding element 16 is shown, while the slotted strip 17 associated with the front holding element 16 is omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the holding elements 16 and thus the carrier strips 12 are moved by means of a drive device 18, which comprises two motors 19 arranged on both sides of the cooling register 1.
  • the motors 19 are fixed in a stationary manner outside the housing frame 2 to a fixed holding structure (not shown).
  • the motors 19 rotate vertical shafts 20, which have a stationary drive pinion 21 at the end.
  • the drive pinions 21 mesh with horizontally guided racks 22, which are displaced in their longitudinal direction by the rotary movement of the drive pinions 21 relative to the housing frame 2.
  • the racks 22 are provided with the holding elements 16 for the carrier strips 12, so that the holding elements 16 are moved accordingly.
  • the end areas of the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are guided through holes 24 arranged in end plates 23, whereby the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are positioned radially.
  • the end plates 23 are thus designed as perforated plates and also form the end of the displacement path for the scraping sleeves 6.
  • the refrigerant guide pipes 4 are mounted in the end plates 23 in a floating manner, preferably by means of an elastic O-ring 39, wherein the diameter of the bores 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • refrigerant guide pipes 4 are loosely fixed to the outside of the end plates 23 by means of a disk 28 and two mutually countered nuts 32, 33 which are thereby fixed to the refrigerant guide pipes 4 and which are screwed onto an end thread 34 of the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • Figure 7 also shows fittings 35 and intermediate pieces 36, 37 for connecting the refrigerant guide pipes 4 to lines with which the refrigerant is supplied to or discharged from the refrigerant guide pipes 4.
  • Figure 8 shows a second embodiment of a scraper sleeve 6' according to the invention.
  • the arrangement of this second embodiment within the cooling register 1 and the elements surrounding the scraper sleeve 6' are the same as described in connection with the first embodiment, which is particularly shown in Figure 7 is shown.
  • the basic structure and the way in which the scraper sleeve 6' works is very similar to that of the scraper sleeve 6, so that, unless otherwise described below, reference is made to the description of the first embodiment.
  • Identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • Corresponding but modified elements are designated with the same reference numerals, but with an additional prime.
  • the intermediate sections 9' of the scraping sleeve 6' each have two diametrically opposed wall openings 29 which adjoin the sleeve-shaped end sections 7'.
  • the wall openings 29 serve to allow scraped ice located inside the scraping sleeve 6' to reach the outside in order to be carried away by the air flow.
  • the wall openings 29 extend in the longitudinal direction of the scraper sleeve 6' preferably at least over the majority of the length of the intermediate sections 9'. In the circumferential direction of the scraper sleeve 6', each wall opening 29 extends over a circular arc of, for example, 90° to 120°. This means that the end sections 7' can only be held in place by relatively narrow retaining strips 40 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the scraper sleeve 6'. and which form the intermediate sections 9' or a part thereof, are connected to the coupling section 26 or to a section 41 of the intermediate sections 9' adjacent to the coupling section 26.
  • the number, size and arrangement of the wall openings 29 can be varied to a wide extent.
  • the inner peripheral edge 31 of the contact surface 30' of the sleeve-like end sections 7' i.e. the one closer to the coupling section 26, is designed as a circumferential scraping edge 25b in the same way as the edge-side scraping edge 25a.
  • the contact surfaces 30' are therefore each delimited by two edge-side scraping edges 25a, 25b extending in the circumferential direction of the end sections 7', which are referred to here as outer scraping edges 25a and inner scraping edges 25b.
  • each end section 7' to scrape ice in both directions of movement of the scraping sleeves 6'. If the scraping sleeve 6' is Figure 8 to the right, the outer scraping edge 25a of the right end section 7' and simultaneously the inner scraping edge 25b of the left end section 7' scrape off the ice. If the scraping sleeve 6' is moved from Figure 8 shifted to the left, the outer scraping edge 25a of the left end section 7' and simultaneously the inner scraping edge 25b of the right end section 7' scrape off the ice.
  • a further improvement of the scraping effect can be achieved by additional scraping edges 38a, 38b, which are arranged in the area of the contact surface 30' and extend from the outer end 8 of the scraping sleeve 6' to the inner peripheral edge 31 of the contact surface 30'.
  • These further scraping edges 38a, 38b are formed by the boundary edges of a groove 27 which runs obliquely or in an arc along the contact surface 30' and opens into both the outer end 8 and the inner peripheral edge 31. Ice scraped off by the scraping edges 38a, 38b can be discharged into the environment through the groove 27 either via the front side of the scraping sleeve 6' or via the wall openings 29.
  • Each end section 7' preferably has a plurality of grooves 27 which are arranged over the circumference of the contact surface 30' in such a way that the outer end of a groove 27 or scraping edge 38a, 38b overlaps with the inner end of an adjacent groove 27 or scraping edge 38a, 38b in the circumferential direction of the contact surface 30'.
  • the drive device 18 is controlled by means of a precise control such that the scraping sleeves 6, 6' are moved in one direction until one end 8 of them strikes one of the end plates 23. Once this end position is reached, the drive device 18 is switched over to move the scraping sleeves 6, 6' in the opposite direction until the opposite end position is reached.
  • the end plates 23 can also be heated by means of a heater (not shown in detail) in such a way that scraped ice on or in the vicinity of the end plates 23 can be melted away.
  • cooling register 1 it is sufficient to provide only one scraper sleeve 6, 6' for the entire effective length of each coolant guide pipe 4. All scraper sleeves 6, 6' and carrier strips 12 form a single stack. Turbulence in the air flow through the cooling register 1 and the resulting cold transfer losses can thus be minimized.
  • the cooling register 1 according to the invention works with a high degree of efficiency and can be operated for a long time without icing, especially at high humidity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Registre de froid, destiné à générer de l'air froid et présentant les particularités suivantes :
    - le registre de froid (1) présente une pluralité de tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) disposés à distance et parallèlement les uns aux autres, qui sont conçus pour être refroidis au moyen d'un réfrigérant circulant à l'intérieur des tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) et pour être au contact d'un flux d'air pour produire un échange thermique entre les tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) et le flux d'air afin de refroidir ledit flux d'air,
    - le registre de froid présente un dispositif de dégivrage mécanique sous la forme d'un dispositif de raclage destiné à racler la glace formée sur les tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4),
    - le dispositif de raclage comprend des manchons de raclage (6, 6') qui entourent les tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) et peuvent être déplacés d'avant en arrière le long des tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) par un dispositif d'entraînement (18),
    - les manchons de raclage (6, 6') ont une forme allongée et présentent deux portions terminales (7, 7') en forme de manchon et dotées d'au moins un bord de raclage (25a, 25b, 38a, 38b) et une portion de couplage (26) située entre les portions terminales (7, 7') et par le biais de laquelle les manchons de raclage (6, 6') sont couplés en entraînement avec le dispositif d'entraînement,
    - lesdites deux portions terminales (7, 7') étant situées sur des côtés opposés de la portion de couplage (26) et faisant saillie de la portion de couplage (26) dans la direction longitudinale des tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4),
    caractérisé en ce que
    les portions terminales (7, 7') présentent des extrémités extérieures (8) délimitant les manchons de raclage (6, 6') et vont en s'effilant de manière conique vers les extrémités extérieures (8), donnant ainsi lieu à des portions terminales (7, 7') en forme de coin, vues en coupe longitudinale.
  2. Registre de froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les manchons de raclage (6, 6') présentent un diamètre intérieur étagé, le diamètre intérieur étant plus grand dans la zone située entre les portions terminales (7, 7') que dans la zone des portions terminales (7, 7').
  3. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les portions terminales (7, 7') présentent plusieurs bords de raclage (25a, 25b, 38a, 38b), de telle façon que les manchons de raclage (6, 6') présentent chacun au moins quatre bords de raclage (25a, 25b, 38a, 38b).
  4. Registre de froid selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les portions terminales (7') comprennent au moins un bord de raclage (25a, 25b) et au moins un autre bord de raclage (38a, 38b) situés entre l'extrémité extérieure (8) et un bord périphérique intérieur (31) d'une surface de contact (30) des portions terminales (7').
  5. Registre de froid selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'autre bord de raclage (38a, 38b) est formé par la paroi d'une rainure (27) qui s'étend de manière oblique ou arquée depuis l'extrémité extérieure (8) jusqu'au bord périphérique intérieur (31) de la portion terminale (7') respective.
  6. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les manchons de raclage (6, 6') présentent une portion intermédiaire (9, 9') située entre la portion terminale (7, 7') et la portion de couplage (26) et dotée d'au moins une ouverture (29) dans leur paroi, qui jouxte la portion terminale (7, 7').
  7. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les manchons de raclage (6, 6') sont en prise d'entraînement, par complémentarité de forme et sans liaison rigide, avec des éléments d'entraînement (11) déplaçables d'avant en arrière par le dispositif d'entraînement (18).
  8. Registre de froid selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un espace formant un interstice (13) est prévu entre les manchons de raclage (6, 6') et les éléments d'entraînement (11).
  9. Registre de froid selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'entraînement (11) sont constitués de bandes d'entraînement (12) situées entre des manchons de raclage (6, 6') adjacents.
  10. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les manchons de raclage (6, 6') font saillie de part et d'autre des éléments d'entraînement (11) dans le sens longitudinal des tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4).
  11. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la portion de couplage (26) présente une nervure de couplage (10) faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur et qui s'emboîte par complémentarité de forme dans une rainure (14) des éléments d'entraînement (11).
  12. Registre de froid selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la nervure de couplage (10) est située de manière centrée, vue dans le sens longitudinal du manchon de raclage (6, 6').
  13. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le registre de froid (1) présente plusieurs rangées (5) superposées de tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) parallèles les uns à côté des autres, un élément d'entraînement (11) respectif étant agencé entre deux rangées (5) adjacentes et étant en prise d'entraînement avec les manchons de raclage (6, 6') de ces deux rangées (5).
  14. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'entraînement (11) sont disposés chacun dans des plans horizontaux et entre des manchons de raclage (6, 6') verticalement adjacents.
  15. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications 7 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de chauffage est prévu sur ou dans les éléments d'entraînement (11) pour chauffer lesdits éléments d'entraînement (11).
  16. Registre de froid selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage comprend des conduites de guidage de fluide (15) destinées à guider un fluide chauffé.
  17. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications 7 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le registre de froid (1) présente, sur deux côtés opposés, un élément de maintien (16) déplaçable d'avant en arrière par le dispositif d'entraînement (18) et sur lequel sont maintenus les éléments d'entraînement (11) au niveau de leurs zones terminales.
  18. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de guidage de réfrigérant (4) sont montés avec un jeu radial dans des plaques terminales (23) réalisées sous la forme de plaques perforées.
  19. Registre de froid selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les plaques terminales (23) sont chauffées.
EP21165822.4A 2021-03-30 2021-03-30 Registre de froid destiné à la génération d'air froid pourvu de dispositif de dégivrage Active EP4067781B1 (fr)

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EP21165822.4A EP4067781B1 (fr) 2021-03-30 2021-03-30 Registre de froid destiné à la génération d'air froid pourvu de dispositif de dégivrage

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EP21165822.4A EP4067781B1 (fr) 2021-03-30 2021-03-30 Registre de froid destiné à la génération d'air froid pourvu de dispositif de dégivrage

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CN108131886B (zh) * 2017-12-22 2020-07-14 台州龙江化工机械科技有限公司 一种冷库排管的除霜装置及除霜方法
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