EP4074863A1 - Dispositif d'électrolyse - Google Patents

Dispositif d'électrolyse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4074863A1
EP4074863A1 EP21168351.1A EP21168351A EP4074863A1 EP 4074863 A1 EP4074863 A1 EP 4074863A1 EP 21168351 A EP21168351 A EP 21168351A EP 4074863 A1 EP4074863 A1 EP 4074863A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
supply unit
cell
electrolysis
electrolysis device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21168351.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Hanebuth
Simon Kießlich
Thomas Purucker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP21168351.1A priority Critical patent/EP4074863A1/fr
Priority to ES22706762T priority patent/ES3020508T3/es
Priority to US18/555,269 priority patent/US20240191371A1/en
Priority to CN202280028367.7A priority patent/CN117242210A/zh
Priority to EP22706762.6A priority patent/EP4274919B1/fr
Priority to CA3216661A priority patent/CA3216661C/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2022/053078 priority patent/WO2022218582A1/fr
Publication of EP4074863A1 publication Critical patent/EP4074863A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/23—Carbon monoxide or syngas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
    • C25B3/20—Processes
    • C25B3/25—Reduction
    • C25B3/26—Reduction of carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/20—Constructional parts or assemblies of the anodic or cathodic protection apparatus
    • C23F2213/21—Constructional parts or assemblies of the anodic or cathodic protection apparatus combining at least two types of anodic or cathodic protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
    • C23F2213/31—Immersed structures, e.g. submarine structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolysis device with a plurality of electrolysis cells which are electrically connected in series and which are at least partially arranged one after the other in a stacking direction, the series connection being able to be electrically coupled to an electrical energy source, with a cell supply unit for supplying the electrolysis cells for proper operation with at least one fuel, and with supply lines connected to the cell supply unit and to opposite ends of the electrolytic cells arranged in succession.
  • Electrolytic cells which serve to convert chemical substances into other chemical substances under the action of electricity, are extensively known in the prior art.
  • a chemical reaction i.e. a material conversion
  • electrolysis A well-known and widely used form of electrolysis is water electrolysis.
  • water electrolysis water is broken down into its components, namely hydrogen and oxygen, using electricity.
  • other substances can also be subjected to electrolysis, for example carbon dioxide or the like.
  • the electrolysis products are usually fluid substances that can be fed via appropriate supply lines to the electrolysis cells in which the actual electrolysis is carried out.
  • the electrolysis products are often also in fluid form and are discharged from the electrolysis cells via additional supply lines.
  • the supply lines are usually connected to a cell supply unit that supplies the electrolytic cells for the intended operation with the respective substances or serve at least one fuel.
  • supplying means not only supplying the operating material or the material to be electrolyzed, but also discharging the respective electrolysis product.
  • Hydrogen can be provided with an electrolysis device, also known as an electrolyzer, using regeneratively generated electrical energy.
  • an electrolysis device also known as an electrolyzer
  • One way of generating hydrogen is to use an electrolysis facility whose electrolysis cells are based on proton exchange membranes (PEM).
  • PEM proton exchange membranes
  • An electrolytic cell for generating hydrogen and oxygen from water is, for example, by the DE 10 2011 007 759 A1 disclosed. But also the DE 10 2019 205 316 A1 discloses a corresponding electrolytic cell for energy-efficient hydrogen production. Furthermore, the DE 21 2018 000 414 U1 a hydrogen generation system.
  • Generic electrolysis devices generally have a plurality of electrolysis cells, which are usually electrically connected in series.
  • the series circuit thus formed is electrically coupled to an electrical energy source which provides a suitable electrical voltage, so that the intended process of electrochemical material conversion can be implemented by means of the electrolytic cells.
  • the electrolytic cells are sequentially arranged in a stacking direction to form a cell stack.
  • the stacked arrangement makes it possible for the electrolytic cells arranged one after the other to be directly electrically contacted, so that separate electrical connections of the electrolytic cells can be largely reduced.
  • a supply line system which serves to supply or discharge the at least one operating substance to the electrolysis cells.
  • the operating substance can include, for example, the supplied fluid, for example water, and/or the reaction product, for example hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the cell stack is usually operated with a specific electrolysis output in such a way that the electric current is as small as possible, but the electric voltage is as high as possible. This is achieved by suitably stacking the electrolytic cells in the cell stack. As a result, electrical voltages at the respective electrolytic cells in the cell stack can add up to the cell stack voltage, while the electrolytic cells connected in series in this way can be operated with essentially the same current.
  • the electrolysis power is provided by the power source connectable to respective opposite ends of the cell stack for this purpose.
  • a large number of electrolytic cells can be arranged in a cell stack, for example more than 100 electrolytic cells, in particular several hundred electrolytic cells, but preferably no more than about 400 electrolytic cells.
  • the electrical voltage at each of the electrolytic cells is around 1.5 V to 2.5 V. This results in the electrical voltage at the cell stack, so that the electrical voltage at the cell stack often exceeds 100 V. can even be several hundred volts.
  • the electrolysis device includes other components, such as pumps, heat exchangers, separating containers, which are necessary for the intended operation of the electrolysis device or the electrolysis cells required are.
  • these components are combined by the cell supply unit for supplying the electrolytic cells with at least one fuel for the intended operation.
  • the cell supply unit is connected to the electrolytic cells lined up in a stacking direction via supply lines connected to the opposite ends of the electrolytic cells lined up.
  • the umbilicals are typically formed from a material such as metal or the like.
  • a correspondingly high electrical voltage occurs between the ends of the cell stack or the electrolytic cells arranged one after the other.
  • the supply lines which are usually made of metal, it is therefore necessary that they have respective electrical insulating sections, which serve to provide an electrically highly conductive connection between the ends of the successively arranged electrolysis cells and thus between the electrical connections of the electrical avoid energy sources.
  • the application according to the prior art has proven itself, but it has been found that particularly in the area of the supply line adjoining the electrical insulating section, which is subjected to a positive electrical potential of the electrical energy source in normal operation, a corrosion can occur. This is not only harmful to the electrolysis device as such, but can also lead to contamination of the at least one operating substance and thus to disruptions in the intended operation of the electrolysis cells.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the aforementioned corrosion problem.
  • the invention proposes in particular that a negative electrical potential of the electrical energy source be electrically coupled to an electrical reference potential of the cell supply unit.
  • the invention is based, among other things, on the idea that the construction of the electrolysis device according to the invention makes it possible for the cell supply unit and thus also the end of the cell stack formed by the electrolysis cells arranged one after the other, which is connected to the negative electrical potential of the electrical energy source, have the smallest electrical potential of the electrolysis device.
  • This end of the cell stack is also referred to below as the first end.
  • the electrical connection can be realized in that the first end of the cell stack is connected to the electrical reference potential of the cell supply unit by means of an electrical line.
  • the electrical reference potential of the cell supply unit can be, for example, a ground potential of the cell supply unit.
  • the electrical reference potential of the cell supply unit can, for example, be directly or indirectly electrically coupled to a ground potential.
  • the supply lines are formed at least partially from an electrically conductive material.
  • a material of the supply lines can include metal. This makes it possible to provide an electrically conductive connection independently of an electrical line by means of at least one of the supply lines, specifically when the at least one of the supply lines provides electrical conductivity—like the electrical line—over its entire length.
  • all supply lines can have respective insulating sections, in particular if they essentially have metal as the material.
  • the supply lines can also be formed from an electrically insulating material.
  • the sections of the supply lines facing the cell supply unit need not have an electrical potential that is smaller than the electrical potential, in particular the electrical reference potential, of the cell supply unit up to the respective insulating sections that may be present.
  • a corrosion effect can be largely avoided in the area of the supply lines between the respective insulating sections that may be present and the cell supply unit.
  • the problem of corrosion can therefore be shifted to the respective opposite side of the respective electrical insulating section, in the area of which a corresponding supplementary treatment can be provided in order to largely avoid or even completely prevent the corrosion effect here as well.
  • the construction according to the invention can ensure that the cell supply unit always provides the lowest electrical potential in the electrolytic device.
  • the successively arranged electrolytic cells of the cell stack remain electrically connected in series.
  • the construction according to the invention makes it possible to achieve, among other things, that the corrosive effect can be reduced because the conditions that are harmful to the corrosive effect can be reduced. Due to the electrical potential difference at the insulating sections of the supply lines, an electrical current can occur in the fluid conducted through the respective supply line, in particular if it is water, in the prior art. As a result, hydrogen and hydroxide ions can be released.
  • the conditions relevant to the corrosive effect namely in particular the hydroxide ions, can be reduced by the invention.
  • the hydroxide ions can at least partially in the cell stack through the electrolytic cells arranged there are processed or consumed. They are therefore no longer available for the undesired corrosive effect. It is therefore particularly advantageous if the insulating sections are arranged as close as possible in the area of the respective ends. Overall, the invention thus makes it possible to reduce or even completely avoid the undesired corrosive effect.
  • the electrolytic cells can, for example, be arranged sequentially in a single cell stack.
  • the electrolytic cells are electrically connected in series within the cell stack.
  • the opposite ends of the cell stack namely the first and the second end, are connectable to the respective electrical potentials of the electrical energy source.
  • they can be connected directly to the electrical energy source.
  • they are preferably connected to the electrical energy source via a control unit, so that the function of the electrolytic cells can be adjusted as required.
  • the electrical energy source can be, for example, any desired voltage source or current source that is able to provide sufficient power for the electrolysis to be carried out by the electrolysis cells.
  • An electrolysis output can be determined at a specific surface current density as a function of the dimensions of the respective electrolysis cell, in particular of its electrolysis-technically effective areas.
  • the supply lines have a through-opening with a suitable inside diameter or cross-section in order to be able to lead the respective fuel to the electrolytic cells with as little loss as possible and/or to be able to remove it from the respective electrolytic cells or the sub-stacks with as little loss as possible.
  • a material for the supply lines should include metal, with the electrolysis cells being arranged in at least two sub-stacks, with each of the at least two sub-stacks being connected by means of at least one first supply line connected to the cell supply unit and at a first end of the respective sub-stack and at least one connected to the cell supply unit and at a second end of the respective sub-stack opposite the first end in the stacking direction, the second supply line is connected to the cell supply unit, wherein that first supply line which is connected to the first end of that sub-stack is connected to a negative electrical potential of the electrical energy source can be coupled, is electrically conductively connected to the cell supply unit and all other supply lines have respective electrical insulating sections.
  • the electrolytic cells of the sub-stacks are preferably also connected in series, with the respective sub-stacks also being connected in series overall.
  • the partial stacks are essentially connected in parallel in terms of fluid technology.
  • the electrical insulating sections of the supply lines are also designed accordingly, which can be formed from a suitable material, for example, which can be mechanically firmly connected to the respective supply line.
  • a suitable material for example, which can be mechanically firmly connected to the respective supply line.
  • it may be an annular portion at a respective end of a respective Supply line is arranged.
  • the insulating section can of course also be integrated into the supply line, so that the supply line has two supply line sections which are electrically insulated from one another and are separated from one another by the insulating section. These units formed in this way are preferably connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner, with an essentially constant internal cross-section being preferably provided for the respective fuel.
  • a plastic, a ceramic, but also a metal oxide such as, for example, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide and/or the like can be provided as the material for the electrically insulating section.
  • a composite material can also be provided, which can be formed from a plastic, for example, which can be fiber-reinforced, for example.
  • a plastic for example, which can be fiber-reinforced, for example.
  • almost any combination of these can also be provided, which are preferably selected in such a way that a chemical reaction with the operating fluid to be carried in each case is essentially avoided.
  • the material of the supply line has at least metal.
  • the metal can, for example, be steel, in particular stainless steel.
  • another metal for example titanium or the like, can of course also be used.
  • Appropriate metal alloys can of course also be provided.
  • an electrical insulation layer be arranged on the inside of the supply line at an end of the insulating section of the respective insulating section that faces the respective end of the respective partial stack.
  • the insulation layer formed here makes it possible to further reduce the corrosion effect.
  • the electrical insulation layer can be formed, for example, by a plastic, a ceramic or the like, which is arranged on the inside of the respective supply line in the respective predetermined area. As a result, the surface available for corrosion effects can be further reduced on the inside of the supply line.
  • the electrical insulation layer has a coating of an insulation material.
  • the coating can be formed, for example, from a plastic, a paint, a combination thereof and/or the like. Before mounting on the respective supply line, the coating can be arranged on the inside in the region of the passage opening of the supply line. The coating need only extend to the electrically insulating section. As a result, a good effect in terms of corrosion protection can be achieved with limited effort.
  • the electrical insulation layer has a corrosion-resistant metal-containing material. As a result, a very robust surface can be achieved that can be easily connected to the supply line.
  • the corrosion-resistant metal-containing material is a metal oxide.
  • the metal oxide can be, for example, a ceramic material, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide and/or the like.
  • the cell supply unit is at least indirectly electrically grounded. Due to the grounding, the cell supply unit with the supply lines electrically coupled to it can be connected to a predetermined reference potential. As a result, the negative potential of the electrical energy source, which is electrically coupled to the cell supply unit via the supply lines, can also be at least grounded indirectly.
  • the cell stack formed from the sub-stacks is therefore at a defined electrical potential with respect to ground potential and is therefore no longer subject to floating potential. A defined electrical potential difference or electrical voltage can thus be achieved at the respective electrical insulating sections. This allows the reliability of the function of the invention to be further improved.
  • the grounding has a sacrificial anode and/or a voltage source, by means of which the cell supply unit can be subjected to an electrical potential that is negative compared to the ground potential.
  • a voltage source is used, the negative electrical potential of the voltage source can be electrically connected to the cell supply unit and to the supply lines connected to it.
  • the negative electrical potential of the voltage source is preferably grounded accordingly at the same time.
  • the voltage source can provide an electrical voltage in a range from approximately ⁇ 2 V to approximately zero volts in relation to ground potential.
  • this electrical voltage is selected in a range from about -1 V to about -0.8 V.
  • corrosion of stainless steel for example, can also be avoided under maritime conditions, especially in off-shore applications.
  • an external corrosion phenomenon can be reduced or prevented in this way.
  • a further electrode to be arranged in the manner of a counter-electrode for cathodic protection against corrosion in the area of the cell supply unit.
  • the internal corrosion phenomenon relates in particular to corrosion effects within the electrolyzer, particularly within the cell supply unit.
  • this can be a titanium electrode or titanium anode, which can be coated with a mixed oxide.
  • the anode formed in this way is arranged in a liquid phase of an oxygen separation tank of the cell supply unit.
  • the partial stacks are particularly advantageously connected in parallel to the cell supply unit in terms of supply. In this way, a good supply of the at least one fuel can be achieved for the sub-stacks.
  • the supply can include supplying or also discharging the fuel or substances produced during the electrolysis.
  • the electrodes of the active cell surfaces of the electrolytic cells can act as anodic counter-electrodes.
  • minimally more oxygen can be formed at the respective anodes of the electrolytic cells and minimally less hydrogen can be generated at the respective cathodes of the respective electrolytic cells.
  • these changes during electrolysis do not have a significant effect on the efficiency and safety of the electrolysis device. Rather, the advantage of the invention that no foreign ions can be released from metallic components due to stray currents predominates.
  • FIG 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an electrolysis device 10 which has a cell stack 54 which has a plurality of electrolysis cells 12 which are arranged in succession in a stacking direction 14 .
  • the electrolytic cells 12 are used to electrochemically decompose water into its components, oxygen and hydrogen.
  • the electrolysis device 10 is therefore used in the present case to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water.
  • the electrolysis cells 12 are arranged directly adjacent to one another, so that respective electrodes of the electrolysis cells 12 arranged adjacent can make electrical contact with one another. It is provided that in each case an anode of a first of the electrolytic cells 12 makes electrical contact with a cathode of the second electrolytic cell 12 which is arranged immediately adjacent in each case. As a result, the electrolytic cells 12 are electrically connected in series.
  • the electrolytic cells 12 are supplied with water to be electrolyzed on the one hand and discharges for the produced substances hydrogen and oxygen are provided on the other hand via an internal supply structure of the cell stack 54 that is not shown in any more detail.
  • This supply can be connected to opposite ends 20, 22 of the cell stack 54 in each case.
  • An electrical energy source 16 is also connected to the ends 20, 22 via an electrical line 52, which in the present case provides a suitable electrical voltage with a suitable electrical output, so that the electrolytic cells 12 can be supplied with sufficient electrical energy for normal operation.
  • the electrolysis device 10 also includes a cell supply unit 18, which is used to supply the electrolysis cells 12 or the cell stack 54 with the respective operating materials, which in the present case relate to the supply of water and the removal of hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the cell supply unit 18 includes several components that are required for the intended operation of the electrolysis device 10, such as pumps, heat exchangers, separator tanks and/or the like, which are not shown here in detail.
  • the cell supply unit 18 is supply-connected to the cell stack 54 via supply lines 24 which are connected to the cell supply unit 18 and the opposite ends 20, 22 of the cell stack 54.
  • the supply lines 24 thus fluidly couple the supply structure of the cell stack 54.
  • the supply lines 24 are formed from a metal such as stainless steel.
  • each of the supply lines 24 has an electrically insulating section 38. This ensures that the ends 20, 22 are designed to be electrically insulated from the cell supply unit 18 and thus also electrically insulated from one another.
  • the supply lines 24 are located outside of the cell stack 54.
  • the insulating sections 38 are essentially formed from an electrical insulating material, which can be, for example, a suitable ceramic material or also a suitable plastic or composite material.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional view of one of the supply lines 24.
  • FIG FIG 1 in the area of the insulating section 38.
  • the supply line 24 is shown with a first region 58 which faces the end 22 of the cell stack 54 , whereas an opposite second region 56 faces the cell supply unit 18 is.
  • the areas 56 and 58 are electrically isolated from one another by the insulating section 38 .
  • This arrangement is designed to be fluid-tight overall and has an essentially constant inner diameter 62 through which the corresponding fluid can be guided, which in this case is water.
  • Corrosion occurs in a region 64 due to the electrical voltage applied to the electrical insulating section 38 .
  • This can be considered to be due to the fact that negative hydroxide ions are formed in the area of a transition from area 56 to the electrical insulation section 38 due to electron absorption from the metal of the wall of the supply line 24 into the water flowing in the inner diameter 62, which is caused by the electric field are conducted to region 58 and there react electrochemically with the metal of the wall of supply line 24, as in FIG FIG 2 shown.
  • the wall of the supply line 24 corrodes in this area 64. This is undesirable.
  • Rouging means the finest iron-containing particles that can be distributed in the supply lines 24 and the components of the electrolysis device 10 . They can be observed above all in the supply lines 24, in which hydrogen is also carried. If this rouging gets into the oxygen-carrying part of the electrolysis device 10, the rouging can dissolve again with the formation of ions.
  • cations can then get into the electrolytic cells 12 from the oxygen side and accumulate there. This process can lead to higher cell voltages and thus a reduced efficiency of the electrolysis device 10 . Furthermore, mechanisms damaging to the electrolytic cells 12 can be associated with these cations. For example, hydrogen peroxide formed on the electrodes can be converted into radicals when they come into contact with metal ions, which can chemically attack a membrane structure of the electrolytic cells 12 and thus impair the service life of the electrolytic cells 12 .
  • FIG 3 now shows an electrolysis device 60 with which the aforementioned corrosion effect, which is based on FIG 2 was explained, can be largely avoided.
  • the following explanations are based on the explanations for the FIG 1 and 2 , which is why reference is also made to the relevant statements.
  • the electrolytic cells 12 are arranged in four partial stacks 26, 28, 30, 32.
  • Each of the four sub-stacks 26, 28, 30, 32 is connected to the cell supply unit 18 and to a first end of the respective sub-stack 26, 28, 30, 32 by means of two first supply lines 24 and two to the cell supply unit 18 and at a first end 20 second supply lines 24 connected at the opposite second end 22 of the respective partial stack 26, 28, 30, 32 in the stacking direction 14 are connected to the cell supply unit 18.
  • For the cell supply unit 18 essentially apply to the statements FIG 1 and 2 .
  • the number of electrolytic cells 12 in the sub-stacks 26, 28, 30, 32 is the same for all sub-stacks 26, 28, 30, 32. Depending on requirements, however, this can also be selected differently in other configurations without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the sub-stacks 26, 28, 30, 32 are in turn electrically connected in series, so - from an electrical point of view - again a series connection of all electrolytic cells 12 of the sub-stacks 26, 28, 30, 32 - as in the cell stack 54 according to FIG 1 - exists.
  • This construction of the electrolysis device 60 makes it possible for the cell supply unit 18 to have the lowest electrical potential of the entire electrolysis device 60 when viewed electrically.
  • This electrical potential is also connected to the negative electrical potential 34 of the electrical energy source 16 .
  • the electrical energy source 16 provides the positive electrical potential 36 . Between the negative and the positive electrical potential 34, 36, the electrical energy source 16 provides the operating voltage for the intended operation of the electrolysis device 60.
  • an electrical insulation layer is formed, which is presently formed by a coating of an insulating material .
  • the insulation material is a suitable plastic, for example.
  • a corrosion-resistant metal-containing material can also be provided, for example a metal oxide or the like, in particular a ceramic material, for example.
  • the respective ends 20, 22 of the partial stacks 26, 28, 30, 32, which face the respective insulating sections 38 are designed to be electrically insulated from the electrolysis cells 12. This can further reduce the corrosion effect. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the cell supply unit 18, as shown in 3 is shown is electrically grounded by means of a ground 42 .
  • FIG 4 shows in a schematic representation how 3 a variant of the electrolysis device 60 according to FIG 3 , where in the following only the differences refer to the embodiment according to 3 be explained.
  • the grounding 42 is not provided directly on the cell supply unit 18, but using a voltage source 44, by means of which the cell supply unit 18 can be subjected to an electrical potential which is negative with respect to the ground potential.
  • the voltage source 44 provides an electrical voltage of approximately -1 V to approximately -0.8 V. In principle, however, this voltage can also be selected, for example, in a range from approximately ⁇ 2 V to approximately zero volts.
  • the counter-electrode for the cathodic protection against corrosion is also arranged in the area of the cell supply unit 18 .
  • the electrode provided here for grounding 42 is formed here by a titanium anode which is coated with a mixed oxide.
  • the titanium anode with the mixed oxide coating is electrically insulated from the cell supply unit 18 arranged in a liquid phase of an oxygen separation tank not shown.
  • the exemplary embodiments show that the invention can be used to reduce corrosion by forming a plurality of partial stacks 26, 28, 30, 32 of the electrolysis cells 12, which are all still electrically connected in series, but via their own Supply lines 24 are separately connected to the cell supply unit 18.
  • the release of metal ions can be largely prevented by the earthing or grounding concept of the invention.
  • the electrodes of the active cell surfaces of the electrolytic cells 12 can therefore act as anodic counter-electrodes for stray currents. Thus, the undesired corrosion can be largely avoided.
  • the invention is not limited to use in the electrolysis of water and can also be used in other electrolyses to be carried out, for example carbon dioxide electrolysis or the like.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
EP21168351.1A 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Dispositif d'électrolyse Withdrawn EP4074863A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21168351.1A EP4074863A1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Dispositif d'électrolyse
ES22706762T ES3020508T3 (en) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Electrolysis device
US18/555,269 US20240191371A1 (en) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Electrolysis device
CN202280028367.7A CN117242210A (zh) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 电解装置
EP22706762.6A EP4274919B1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Dispositif d'électrolyse
CA3216661A CA3216661C (fr) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Dispositif d'electrolyse
PCT/EP2022/053078 WO2022218582A1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21168351.1A EP4074863A1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4074863A1 true EP4074863A1 (fr) 2022-10-19

Family

ID=75529865

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21168351.1A Withdrawn EP4074863A1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Dispositif d'électrolyse
EP22706762.6A Active EP4274919B1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22706762.6A Active EP4274919B1 (fr) 2021-04-14 2022-02-09 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240191371A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP4074863A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117242210A (fr)
ES (1) ES3020508T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022218582A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025129214A1 (fr) * 2023-12-20 2025-06-26 Andritz Ag Électrolyseur pour électrolyse alcaline d'hydrogène

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022207495A1 (de) 2022-07-21 2024-02-01 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Elektrolysesystem
DE102024102394A1 (de) * 2024-01-29 2025-07-31 Quest One Gmbh Elektrolysevorrichtung, System aus mehreren Elektrolysevorrichtungen und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Elektrolysevorrichtung oder des Systems

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3623967A (en) * 1968-11-08 1971-11-30 Electric Reduction Co Electrolytic apparatus for the production of alkali metal chlorate with grounding means
JPS62170491A (ja) * 1986-01-23 1987-07-27 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 食塩電解槽の水素分離器導入管部の電蝕防止方法
DE4136917C1 (fr) * 1991-11-09 1993-02-04 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De
WO1994004719A1 (fr) * 1992-08-24 1994-03-03 The Dow Chemical Company Electrode cible destinee a empecher la corrosion dans des cellules electrochimiques
DE102011007759A1 (de) 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrolysezelle mit einem Blechpaket übereinander gestapelter Bleche mit Ausnehmungen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Betrieb
CN203559129U (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-04-23 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 一种电解槽盐水进料管防腐保护装置
DE102019205316A1 (de) 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Energieeffiziente Wasserstoffherstellung
DE212018000414U1 (de) 2018-05-03 2020-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wasserstofferzeugungssystem

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3623967A (en) * 1968-11-08 1971-11-30 Electric Reduction Co Electrolytic apparatus for the production of alkali metal chlorate with grounding means
JPS62170491A (ja) * 1986-01-23 1987-07-27 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc 食塩電解槽の水素分離器導入管部の電蝕防止方法
DE4136917C1 (fr) * 1991-11-09 1993-02-04 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De
WO1994004719A1 (fr) * 1992-08-24 1994-03-03 The Dow Chemical Company Electrode cible destinee a empecher la corrosion dans des cellules electrochimiques
DE102011007759A1 (de) 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrolysezelle mit einem Blechpaket übereinander gestapelter Bleche mit Ausnehmungen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Betrieb
CN203559129U (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-04-23 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 一种电解槽盐水进料管防腐保护装置
DE212018000414U1 (de) 2018-05-03 2020-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wasserstofferzeugungssystem
DE102019205316A1 (de) 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Energieeffiziente Wasserstoffherstellung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025129214A1 (fr) * 2023-12-20 2025-06-26 Andritz Ag Électrolyseur pour électrolyse alcaline d'hydrogène
AT527859A1 (de) * 2023-12-20 2025-07-15 Andritz Ag Maschf Elektrolyseur zur alkalischen Wasserstoffelektrolyse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117242210A (zh) 2023-12-15
WO2022218582A1 (fr) 2022-10-20
EP4274919B1 (fr) 2025-01-01
EP4274919A1 (fr) 2023-11-15
ES3020508T3 (en) 2025-05-22
EP4274919C0 (fr) 2025-01-01
US20240191371A1 (en) 2024-06-13
CA3216661A1 (fr) 2022-10-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP4274919B1 (fr) Dispositif d'électrolyse
DE102007042985A1 (de) Bipolarplatte für einen PEM-Elektrolyseur
EP3489394A1 (fr) Électrolyseur pour électrolyse pem à basse pression
DE102015118488A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel
WO2019228616A1 (fr) Empilement de cellules pem
DE102011007759A1 (de) Elektrolysezelle mit einem Blechpaket übereinander gestapelter Bleche mit Ausnehmungen und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Betrieb
EP4105358B1 (fr) Cellule d'électrolyse et unité d'électrolyse pour la décomposition électrochimique de l'eau
EP3526372A1 (fr) Cellule électrolytique ou plaque d'électrode ayant une électrode à diffusion gazeuse et leur procédé de fonctionnement
EP4124676A1 (fr) Installation d'électrolyse dotée d'une pluralité de cellules d'électrolyse
EP4136276B1 (fr) Cellule électrolytique, procédé de fonctionnement d'une cellule dudit type et électrolyseur
EP4278030B1 (fr) Dispositif d'électrolyse
EP2920120B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de désalinisation de solutions aqueuses par électrodialyse
DE2023751A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Elektrolysleren von Salzwasser
WO2022128856A2 (fr) Agencement de cellules électrochimiques
WO2019206568A1 (fr) Système d'électrolyse pour l'électrolyse de co2
EP2141264B1 (fr) Dispositif destiné à produire un mélange d'oxygène/hydrogène
WO2015158485A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour la désalinisation de solutions aqueuses par électrodialyse
EP4264717A1 (fr) Couche, système de couche, plaque électroconductrice et cellule électrochimique
DE102019111137A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Brennstoffzellenseparators
DE102019116469B4 (de) Elektrolysezelle, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Elektrolysezelle und Verwendung einer Elektrolysezelle
DE20002118U1 (de) Elektrochemische Zelle
DE102018216266A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenaufbau, Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102022128552A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Elektrolysezelle
EP1352440A2 (fr) Empilement de piles combustible comprenant un circuit
DE102024207640A1 (de) Elektrolysezelle und deren gasabscheideverfahren

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20230420