EP4085169B1 - Procédé et appareil de production de papier mince - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de production de papier mince Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4085169B1
EP4085169B1 EP20851298.8A EP20851298A EP4085169B1 EP 4085169 B1 EP4085169 B1 EP 4085169B1 EP 20851298 A EP20851298 A EP 20851298A EP 4085169 B1 EP4085169 B1 EP 4085169B1
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
product
chemical
paper
width
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4085169C0 (fr
EP4085169A1 (fr
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Gabriele NERI
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F5/18—Drying webs by hot air
    • D21F5/181—Drying webs by hot air on Yankee cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/12—Crêping
    • B31F1/126—Crêping including making of the paper to be crêped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/36—Moistening and heating webs to facilitate mechanical deformation and drying deformed webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G9/00—Other accessories for paper-making machines
    • D21G9/0009—Paper-making control systems
    • D21G9/0036—Paper-making control systems controlling the press or drying section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/146—Crêping adhesives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/002—Tissue paper; Absorbent paper

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the production of tissue paper.
  • tissue paper indicates crepe paper of the type of toilet paper and similar products having a grammage of less than 100 g/m 2 , the production process of which has peculiar technical problems.
  • the conventional method of producing tissue paper is carried out using a single-cylinder machine that comprises a dryer cylinder (also known as a “Yankee cylinder” or “Yankee dryer”), and involves drying the paper in contact with the dryer cylinder, usually aided by a hot-air thermal hood with the interposition of a liquid product constituted by a liquid mixture of chemical products, also known as a "coater".
  • a dryer cylinder also known as a "Yankee cylinder” or "Yankee dryer”
  • a hot-air thermal hood with the interposition of a liquid product constituted by a liquid mixture of chemical products
  • the paper After drying, the paper is released from the surface of the dryer cylinder by way of a creping blade or rasp, also known as a "creping doctor", and then it is conveyed to an apparatus for winding to be wound into a spool.
  • a creping blade or rasp also known as a "creping doctor”
  • the liquid mixture is sprayed on the surface of the cylinder using hydraulic nozzles.
  • the liquid mixture that is distributed on the surface of the cylinder comprises the following products, mixed together before being dispensed:
  • the paper after drying, has a certain humidity (which generally needs to be comprised between 4% and 6%) and a grammage as uniform as possible along all the width.
  • the humidity and the grammage of the paper obtained depend partially on the composition and on the quantity of the liquid product dispensed on the cylinder; this product is in fact diluted in water, part of which is evaporated by the Yankee cylinder by contact, and a minimal part is absorbed by the paper.
  • the quality of the paper obtained also depends on the efficacy with which the creping blade removes the paper from the surface of the cylinder, and this efficacy depends in turn on the composition and on the quality of the liquid product dispensed on the cylinder.
  • the dosage of the chemical products for adhesion and release is entrusted to the experience of the operator, by manual actuation: the operator controlling the characteristics of the paper downstream of the cylinder decides, on the basis of their experience and training, whether and how to vary the quantity and composition of the mixture dispensed.
  • the operator is aided by detection devices that detect one or more process parameters (such as the vibration of the creping blade or the overall humidity of the paper downstream of the cylinder), but the choice of the dosage is still entrusted to the operator.
  • transverse dimension of the sheets of tissue paper usually varies from 3 to 6 meters and therefore such sheets have, downstream of the cylinder, a certain variability of grammage over the width, which entails a corresponding variability of humidity over the width: the thicker zones are more humid, while the thinner zones are less humid.
  • the patent document CN102978991 describes a solution that tries to overcome this latter problem by having, for dispensing the products on the cylinder, a series of hydraulic nozzles each of which dispenses all the products already mixed, and the flow of which can be varied individually for each nozzle. In this manner it is possible to vary the quantity of mixture dispensed in a non-uniform manner along the width of the cylinder.
  • this solution does not make it possible to vary the ratio between the chemical products in the mixture in the individual zones, and therefore the dosage ratio of the products will always be the same along all of the width.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of tissue paper that solves the above technical problem, compensates for the drawbacks and overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art, by allowing a more effective adjustment of the dispensing of the chemical products on the surface of the cylinder.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for the production of tissue paper that makes it possible to correct the variability of humidity of the paper produced across the width.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the production of tissue paper that makes it possible to minimize the technical problems deriving from the friction of the creping blade on the surface of the cylinder.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the production of tissue paper that decreases the impact of human error and of the abilities of the operator on the quality of the product obtained.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for the production of tissue paper that is economically advantageous in terms of energy costs and chemical products and water used, and possibly also of reduction of production discards.
  • the method for the production of tissue paper 90 having a grammage of less than 100 g/m 2 using a single-cylinder machine 10 is provided preferably by the apparatus described below and generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
  • the apparatus 1 for the production of tissue paper comprises a single-cylinder machine 10 which comprises a dryer cylinder 2 (i.e. a dryer cylinder of the type also known as a "Yankee cylinder” or “Yankee dryer”) which has a work surface 21 that has a useful width L that is adapted to be covered by the paper 90.
  • a dryer cylinder 2 i.e. a dryer cylinder of the type also known as a "Yankee cylinder” or "Yankee dryer”
  • a work surface 21 that has a useful width L that is adapted to be covered by the paper 90.
  • the cylinder 2 is, in a known manner, surmounted by a hot-air hood 211 which is per se known in the technical sector (they are known as "Yankee hoods").
  • the apparatus 1 also comprises, in a known manner, a creping blade 3, or rasp or creping cutter, which is configured to release the paper 90 from the work surface 21 of the cylinder 2.
  • the creping blade 3 is positioned, in a known manner, tangentially to the surface of the cylinder 2, and thus is in contact with the entire surface of the cylinder including the edge zones 22a, 22b.
  • the apparatus can also comprise, upstream and downstream of the cylinder 2, any conventional apparatus necessary to the production of the paper, such as for example spooling devices for winding the paper in a spool 190 and devices to convey the paper, presses 300, etc.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises one or more vibration sensors 31, 32, 33 which are configured to detect the vibrations of the creping blade 3, i.e. at least one parameter representing the vibrations of the blade (preferably frequency and/or intensity of the vibrations).
  • the vibration sensors 31, 32, 33 comprise:
  • the presence of the second vibration sensors 32, 33 makes it possible to detect the vibrations of the creping blade 3 in the zones where this is in direct contact with the surface of the cylinder and not with the paper 90.
  • the vibration sensors 31, 32, 33 are operatively connected to an electronic control system 200 which will be better described hereinbelow.
  • the apparatus 1 also comprises a scanner 8 configured to detect a humidity profile and/or a grammage profile of the paper 90 along the width of the paper 90, downstream of the cylinder 2, i.e., to scan the humidity and/or of the grammage of the paper 90 transversely, detecting how the humidity and/or the grammage of the paper varies transversely.
  • a scanner 8 configured to detect a humidity profile and/or a grammage profile of the paper 90 along the width of the paper 90, downstream of the cylinder 2, i.e., to scan the humidity and/or of the grammage of the paper 90 transversely, detecting how the humidity and/or the grammage of the paper varies transversely.
  • the grammage and the humidity are correlated (they are directly proportional to each other) and therefore the scanner 8 can be configured to detect either the grammage or the humidity (preferably the humidity). However the possibility is not ruled out, for a more exact detection, of detecting both grammage and humidity.
  • the scanner 8 can, for example, be provided with a radioactive source inside a head that scans the paper 90 along its width, or with an infrared sensor, or in another known way.
  • the aforementioned scanner 8 when present, is also operatively connected to the electronic control system 200.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises, as an alternative or in addition to the scanner 8 (or integrated in it), a thermographic camera or thermoscanner 66 (for example infrared) configured to detect a thermal profile of the paper 90 along the width of the paper 90, downstream of the cylinder 2 (Yankee dryer) and preferably at the spool 190.
  • a thermographic camera or thermoscanner 66 for example infrared
  • the thermographic camera 66 is configured to execute a thermographic scan, transversely, of the paper 90, detecting the difference in temperature in the various zones.
  • the Applicant has in fact observed that the cooler zones correspond to more humid zones and the warmest zones to less humid zones.
  • thermographic camera 66 when present, is also operatively connected to the electronic control system 200.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises at least two separate series 5, 6, 7 of atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b for dispensing the chemical products on the surface of the cylinder 2, and more precisely at least one first series 5 of first atomizer nozzles 5a-5o and a second series 6 of second atomizer nozzles 6a-6o.
  • the first series 5 of first atomizer nozzles 5a-5o is configured to dispense a chemical release product a on the surface of the cylinder 2 along at least all the useful width L.
  • the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o of the first series 5 are aligned beside each other, preferably supported by a first bar 50 which optionally can move with respect to the cylinder 2, so that the jets Z of the first atomizer nozzles 5a-5o cover the entire useful width L of the cylinder 2 without overlapping.
  • the second series 6 of second atomizer nozzles 6a-6o is configured to dispense a chemical adhesion product b mixed with a chemical modifier product adapted to protect the surface of the cylinder and to modify the hardness of the chemical adhesion product b, on the surface of the cylinder 2 along at least all the useful width L (for convenience this mixture is generally indicated with the letter b).
  • the atomizer nozzles 6a-6o of the second series 6 are also aligned beside each other, preferably supported by a second bar 60 which optionally can move with respect to the cylinder 2, so that the jets of the second atomizer nozzles 5a-5o cover the entire useful width L of the cylinder 2 without overlapping.
  • the apparatus 1 also comprises a third series 7 of atomizer nozzles 7a, 7b which comprises at least one atomizer nozzle 7a, 7b for each one of the two edge zones 22a, 22b of the cylinder 2 which is configured to dispense on such edge region 21a, 21b a special liquid product C adapted to protect the surface of the cylinder 2 in order to prevent excessive overheating, damage, and sparks.
  • the nozzles 7a, 7b of the third series are two in number, one for each one of the two edge zones 22a, 22b.
  • the group of the series 5, 6, 7 of atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b forms an apparatus for the distribution of the chemical products, which is generally indicated with the numeral 9 and which is illustrated in detail in Figure 2 .
  • the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b, of the first series 5, of the second series 6 and of the third series 7 (if any), are configured to convey the respective chemical product a, b, c to be dispensed using a vector gas V (preferably air).
  • V preferably air
  • each one of the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b comprises a central dispensing orifice 81 for dispensing a jet of the chemical product a, b, c to be dispensed and two lateral orifices 82, 83 which are configured to dispense two flows of vector gas V which intersect so as to form, together with the jet of the chemical product a, b, c, a conical jet Z that has a preset divergence (i.e. width at a preset distance).
  • a preset divergence i.e. width at a preset distance
  • the resulting conical jet Z is composed of gas (preferably air) atomized with the chemical product which has previously been emulsified in water (since it arrives at the nozzle 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b already emulsified in water).
  • the flow rate of the central orifice 81 is adjustable by way of an internal adjustment needle so that when varying the flow rate of chemical product a, b, c dispensed, the divergence of the conical jet Z remains unchanged. In this manner, and also by varying the flow rate of the individual nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b in a series 5, 6, 7, the creation is avoided of zones of the surface of the cylinder where the jets overlap, also avoiding the creation of dry zones.
  • each series 5, 6, 7 of atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b is fed by a respective conduit 55, 65, 75 for feeding the vector gas V under pressure and by a respective supply conduit of liquid products 51, 61, 71.
  • the conduits 55, 65, 75 for feeding the vector gas V under pressure are fed by a source of pressurized gas 99, for example a compressed air dispensing device.
  • Each one of the supply ducts liquid products 51, 61, 71 is fed by a respective chemical product feeder conduit 53, 63, 73 (originating from a respective tank of product 54, 64, 74) and by a respective water feeder conduit 52, 62, 72 (originating from a source of water 88).
  • each chemical product feeder conduit 53, 63, 73 is provided with a respective variable flow-rate pump 94, 95, 96 for controlling the flow thereof, and each water feeder conduit 52, 62, 72 is provided with a respective flow-rate pump 91, 92, 93 for controlling the flow thereof.
  • each one of the chemical products a, b, c to be dispensed are mixed (preferably emulsified) with water in the respective supply conduit for liquid products 51, 61, 71, preferably by way of a static mixer positioned at the intake of the supply conduit for liquid products 51, 61, 71 where the respective intake ducts of the chemical product 53, 63, 73 and the water supply 52, 62, 72 converge.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises an electronic control system 200 which is operatively connected to the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b (of all the series 5, 6, 7 present) and is configured to selectively vary the flow rate of the individual atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o of the first series 5 and of the second series 6, as a function of at least one process parameter, so as to vary the ratio between the chemical adhesion product b and the chemical release product a and/or the overall quantity of chemical products dispensed along the useful width L as a function of such at least one process parameter.
  • an electronic control system 200 which is operatively connected to the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b (of all the series 5, 6, 7 present) and is configured to selectively vary the flow rate of the individual atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o of the first series 5 and of the second series 6, as a function of at least one process parameter, so as to vary the ratio between the
  • the electronic control system 200 is any conventional programmable information processing device, such as a computer, an electronic controller or the like.
  • such process parameter is at least one among:
  • such at least one parameter comprises a parameter indicative of the vibrations of the creping blade 3, both the rotation speed of the cylinder 2 and at least one chemical or physical parameter indicative of the humidity detected along the width of the paper 90, after the release, such chemical or physical parameter comprising one of the following: humidity profile of the paper 90, grammage profile of the paper 90, thermal profile of the paper 90.
  • the flow rate of the individual nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o is varied according to an algorithm that combines the parameter indicative of the vibrations of the creping blade 3, the rotation speed of the cylinder 2, and the chemical or physical parameter indicative of humidity detected along the width of the paper 90.
  • varying the flow rate of the atomizer nozzles 5a-5o of the first series 5 with respect to the flow rate of the atomizer nozzles 6a-6o of the second series 6, or vice versa varies the ratio between the chemical adhesion product b and the chemical release product a.
  • varying the flow rates of one or more atomizers 5a-5o, 6a-6o within a series 5, 6 varies the distribution of adhesion product b or of release product a along the useful width L.
  • the electronic control system 200 can be configured to vary the flow rate of the individual nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o within a same series, based on the chemical or physical parameter indicative of the humidity detected along the width of the paper 90 (transverse profile of humidity and/or of grammage and/or of temperature) so as to, for example, increase the chemical adhesion product b in zones where the paper 90 is more humid and reduce it in zones where the paper 90 is drier.
  • M.F Moisture Profile
  • P.a the chemical product a (release) dispensed by the various first nozzles 5
  • P.b the chemical product b (adhesion + modifier) dispensed by the various second nozzles 6,
  • Total Coating indicating the combination of the chemical products dispensed.
  • M.F. indicates the humidity profile detected on the paper (P.R., dot-dash line) and the ideal or target humidity profile (P.T., dashed line)
  • N.F. indicates the flow of chemical products dispensed by the nozzles (F.N.5: flow of product A dispensed by the nozzles of the first series 5; F.N.6: flow of product B dispensed by the nozzles of the second series), and
  • P.S. indicates the various sectors of the paper 90, transversely.
  • the electronic control system 200 can vary the ratio between water and chemical product a, b, c in each supply conduit for liquid products 51, 61, 71 (for example by acting on the pumps 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96) and also the pressure of the vector gas in each conduit 55, 65, 75 for feeding the vector gas V.
  • the electronic control system 200 is operatively connected to these as well and is configured to vary the flow rate of these nozzles 7a, 7b preferably as a function of the parameters indicative of the vibration of the creping blade 3 detected by the second vibration sensors 32, 33 at the respective edge zones 22a, 22b outside the useful width L, for example so as to increase the delivery of the special product c for the edge zones as the vibrations at the lateral portions of the creping blade 3 increase.
  • the method for the production of tissue paper 90 using a single-cylinder machine 10 that comprises a dryer cylinder or dryer cylinder 2 comprises:
  • the at least one liquid product a, b, c comprises at least: a chemical adhesion product b adapted to facilitate the adhesion of the paper on the work surface 21 of the cylinder 2 and a chemical release product a adapted to facilitate the release of the paper 90 from the work surface 21 of the cylinder 2.
  • the quantity and/or the composition of the liquid product is adjusted as a function of the at least one process parameter.
  • the at least one liquid product is distributed by way of:
  • the distribution step of the flow rate of the individual atomizer nozzles 5a-5o, 6a-6o of the first series 5 and of the second series 6 is selectively varied as a function of the at least one process parameter, so as to vary the ratio between the chemical adhesion product b and the chemical release product a and/or the overall quantity of chemical products dispensed along the useful width L as a function of the at least one process parameter.
  • the chemical release product a is based on vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils.
  • the chemical adhesion product b is based on polymeric chains.
  • the chemical modifier product is based on mono-ammonium phosphate salts or diammonium phosphate salts.
  • FIG 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for the production of tissue paper, according to the invention, that comprises a single-cylinder machine 10 which comprises a dryer cylinder 2.
  • a single-cylinder machine 10 which comprises a dryer cylinder 2.
  • Figure 5 as in Figure 1 and Figure 8 , for the sake of simplicity only one of the two series of nozzles is shown.
  • Another advantage of the method and of the apparatus, according to the invention consists in that they make it possible to correct the variability of humidity of the paper produced across the width, by acting on the adjustment of the thickness and of the hardness of the coater on the Yankee cylinder, which entails an improvement of the humidity profile of the sheet and as a consequence of the creping.
  • Another advantage of the method and of the apparatus, according to the invention consists in that they make it possible to minimize the technical problems deriving from the friction of the creping blade on the surface of the cylinder.
  • Another advantage of the method and of the apparatus, according to the invention consists in decreasing the impact of human error and of the abilities of the operator on the quality of the product obtained.
  • Another advantage of the method and of the apparatus, according to the invention consists in being economically advantageous in terms of energy costs and chemical products and water used, and also of reduction of production discards.

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Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de mouchoirs en papier (90) avec un grammage inférieur à 100 g/m2 à l'aide d'une machine à un seul cylindre (10) qui comprend un cylindre Yankee ou un cylindre de séchage (2), qui comprend :
    - une étape de distribution d'au moins un produit liquide sur au moins une surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2) qui présente une largeur utile (L) qui est adaptée pour être recouverte par le papier (90) ;
    - une étape de séchage du papier (90) sur ladite surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2) avec au moins un produit chimique interposé ;
    - une étape de libération du papier (90) de la surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2) à l'aide d'une lame de crêpage (3) ;
    - une étape de détection d'au moins un paramètre de traitement ;
    dans lequel ledit au moins un produit liquide comprend au moins : un produit d'adhérence chimique (b) adapté pour faciliter l'adhérence du papier sur la surface de travail du cylindre et un produit de libération chimique (a) adapté pour faciliter la libération du papier (90) de la surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2),
    et dans lequel, à ladite étape de distribution, la quantité et/ou la composition dudit produit liquide est ajustée en fonction dudit au moins un paramètre de traitement ;
    caractérisé en ce que, à ladite étape de distribution du produit liquide, le au moins un produit liquide est distribué à l'aide de :
    une première série (5) de premières buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o) qui distribuent ledit produit de libération chimique (a) le long d'au moins toute la largeur utile (L), en l'acheminant à l'aide d'un gaz vecteur (V),
    et une deuxième série (6) de deuxièmes buses de pulvérisation (6a-6o) qui distribuent ledit produit d'adhérence chimique (b), avec un produit modifiant chimique adapté pour protéger la surface du cylindre et pour modifier la dureté du produit d'adhérence chimique (b), le long d'au moins toute la largeur utile (L), en l'acheminant à l'aide d'un gaz vecteur (V) ;
    à ladite étape de distribution, le débit des buses de pulvérisation individuelles (5a-5o, 6a-6o) de ladite première série (5) et de ladite deuxième série (6) étant sélectivement varié selon ledit au moins un paramètre de traitement, de façon à faire varier le rapport entre le produit d'adhérence chimique (b) et le produit de libération chimique (a) et/ou la quantité totale de produits chimiques (a, b, c) distribuée le long de ladite largeur utile (L) en fonction dudit au moins un paramètre de traitement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit paramètre de traitement est au moins l'un :
    - d'un paramètre qui représente les vibrations de la lame de crêpage (3), de préférence la fréquence et/ou l'intensité des vibrations ;
    - de la vitesse de rotation du cylindre (2) ;
    - du profil d'humidité du papier (90), détecté le long de la largeur du papier (90), après la libération ;
    - du profil de grammage du papier (90), détecté le long de la largeur du papier (90), après la libération ;
    - du profil thermique du papier le long de la largeur du papier (90), détecté à l'aide d'une caméra thermographique (66) après la libération.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit paramètre de traitement comprend un paramètre qui indique les vibrations de la lame de crêpage (3), la vitesse de rotation du cylindre (2), et un paramètre chimique ou physique qui indique l'humidité détectée le long de la largeur du papier (90), après la libération,
    ledit paramètre chimique ou physique comprenant au moins l'un : du profil d'humidité du papier (90), du profil de grammage du papier (90), et du profil thermique du papier (90) ;
    et dans lequel le débit des buses individuelles (5a-5o, 6a-6o) est varié selon un algorithme qui combine le paramètre qui indique les vibrations de la lame de crêpage (3), la vitesse de rotation du cylindre (2), et le paramètre chimique ou physique détecté le long de la largeur du papier (90).
  4. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit au moins un paramètre de traitement comprend au moins :
    - un premier paramètre qui indique la vibration de la lame de crêpage (3) détectée sur une partie centrale de la lame de crêpage (3) positionnée en contact avec la surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2) sur ladite largeur utile (L),
    et
    - deux deuxièmes paramètres qui indiquent la vibration de la lame de crêpage (3) détectée sur deux parties latérales respectives de la lame de crêpage (3) qui sont placées en contact avec le cylindre (2) au niveau de zones de bord respectives (22a, 22b) hors de la largeur utile (L) ;
    et dans lequel, à ladite étape de distribution, un produit liquide (C) est également distribué et est adapté pour protéger la surface du cylindre (2) sur lesdites zones de bord (21a, 21b) du cylindre, en fonction desdits deuxièmes paramètres qui indiquent la vibration, à l'aide d'une troisième série (7) de buses de pulvérisation (7a, 7b) qui comprend au moins une buse de pulvérisation (7a, 7b) pour chacune des deux zones de bord (22a, 22b).
  5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, dans chacune desdites zones de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b), le débit est varié en faisant varier le débit d'un jet central de produit chimique (a, b, c) émulsifié dans de l'eau qui est mélangé avec deux jets transversaux latéraux de gaz vecteur (V) en formant un jet conique (Z) composé de gaz atomisé avec le produit chimique, de sorte que, lors de la variation du débit de la buse (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b), la divergence dudit jet conique reste inchangée.
  6. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    ledit produit de libération chimique (a) est à base d'huiles végétales, minérales ou synthétiques,
    ledit produit d'adhérence chimique (b) est à base de chaînes polymériques, et
    ledit produit modifiant chimique est à base de sels de phosphate de mono-ammonium ou de sels de phosphate de diammonium.
  7. Appareil (1) de fabrication de mouchoirs en papier ayant un grammage inférieur à 100 g/m2, qui comprend :
    - une machine à un seul cylindre (10) qui comprend un cylindre Yankee ou un cylindre de séchage (2) qui possède une surface de travail (21) qui présente une largeur utile (L) qui est adaptée pour être recouverte par le papier (90),
    - une lame de crêpage (3) configurée pour libérer le papier de la surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2),
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    - une première série (5) de premières buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o) destinées à distribuer un produit de libération chimique (a) sur la surface du cylindre (2) le long d'au moins toute la largeur utile (L), qui sont configurées pour acheminer ledit produit de libération chimique (a) à l'aide d'un gaz vecteur (V),
    - une deuxième série (6) de deuxièmes buses de pulvérisation (6a-6o) destinées à distribuer un produit d'adhérence chimique (b) mélangé avec un produit modifiant chimique adapté pour protéger la surface du cylindre et pour modifier la dureté du produit d'adhérence chimique (b), sur la surface du cylindre (2) le long d'au moins toute la largeur utile (L), lesdites deuxièmes buses de pulvérisation (6a-6o) étant configurées pour acheminer ledit produit d'adhérence chimique (b) et le produit modifiant chimique à l'aide d'un gaz vecteur (V),
    - un système de commande électronique (200) qui est relié auxdites buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b) et est configuré pour faire varier sélectivement le débit des buses de pulvérisation individuelles (5a-5o, 6a-6o) de ladite première série (5) et de ladite deuxième série (6) en fonction d'au moins un paramètre de traitement, afin de faire varier le rapport entre le produit d'adhérence chimique (b) et le produit de libération chimique (a) et/ou la quantité totale de produits chimiques distribuée le long de la largeur utile (L) en fonction du au moins un paramètre de traitement.
  8. Appareil (1) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ou plusieurs capteur(s) de vibration (31, 32, 33) qui est/sont configuré(s) pour détecter les vibrations de la lame de crêpage (3) et sont reliés audit système de commande électronique (200) ;
    ledit système de commande électronique (200) étant configuré pour faire varier le débit des buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b) en fonction au moins des détections desdits capteurs de vibration (31, 32, 33).
  9. Appareil (1) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ledit ou lesdits capteur(s) de vibration (31, 32, 33) comprend/comprennent :
    - un premier capteur de vibration (31) positionné pour détecter les vibrations sur une partie centrale de la lame de crêpage (3) positionnée en contact avec la surface de travail (21) du cylindre (2) sur ladite largeur utile (L), et
    - deux deuxièmes capteurs de vibration (32, 33) positionnés pour détecter les vibrations sur deux parties latérales respectives de la lame de crêpage (3) qui sont placées en contact avec le cylindre (2) au niveau de zones de bord respectives (22a, 22b) hors de la largeur utile (L).
  10. Appareil (1) selon la revendication 9, comprenant également une troisième série (7) de buses de pulvérisation (7a, 7b) qui comprend au moins une buse de pulvérisation (7a, 7b) pour chacune des deux zones de bord (22a, 22b) du cylindre (2) qui est configurée pour distribuer sur ladite zone de bord (21a, 21b) un produit liquide (C) adapté pour protéger la surface du cylindre (2) ; ledit système de commande électronique (200) étant configuré pour faire varier le débit des buses de pulvérisation (7a, 7b) de ladite troisième série (7) en fonction au moins des détections desdits deuxièmes capteurs de vibration (32, 33).
  11. Appareil (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un scanner (8) configuré pour détecter un profil d'humidité et/ou un profil de grammage du papier (90) le long de la largeur du papier (90) en aval du rouleau (2) ; ledit système de commande électronique (200) étant configuré pour faire varier le débit des buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b) en fonction au moins des détections dudit scanner (8).
  12. Appareil (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une caméra thermographique (66) configurée pour détecter un profil thermique du papier (90) le long de la largeur du papier (90) en aval du cylindre (2) ; ledit système de commande électronique (200) étant configuré pour faire varier le débit des buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b) en fonction au moins des détections de ladite caméra thermographique (66).
  13. Appareil (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 7 à 12, dans lequel chacune desdites buses de pulvérisation (5a-5o, 6a-6o, 7a, 7b) comprend un orifice de distribution central (81) destiné à distribuer un jet de produit chimique (a, b, c) à distribuer et deux orifices latéraux (82, 83) qui sont configurés pour distribuer deux flux de gaz vecteur (V) qui se croisent de façon à former, avec le jet de produit chimique (a, b, c), un jet conique (Z) qui présente une divergence prédéfinie ;
    le débit de l'orifice central (81) étant ajustable à l'aide d'une aiguille de réglage interne de sorte que, lors de la variation du débit de produit chimique distribué, la divergence du jet conique (Z) reste inchangée.
  14. Appareil (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 7 à 13, dans lequel chacune de ladite série (5, 6, 7) de buses de pulvérisation est alimentée par un conduit respectif (55, 65, 75) destiné à fournir le gaz vecteur (V) sous pression et par un conduit d'alimentation respectif en produits liquides (51, 61, 71),
    chacun desdits conduits d'alimentation en produits liquides (51, 61, 71) étant alimenté par un conduit d'alimentation en produit chimique respectif (53, 63, 73) et par un conduit d'alimentation en eau respectif (52, 62, 72).
EP20851298.8A 2019-12-31 2020-12-28 Procédé et appareil de production de papier mince Active EP4085169B1 (fr)

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