Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
  • G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
  • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
  • G02B27/0944—Diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, holograms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
  • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
  • G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
  • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
  • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
  • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
  • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
  • H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
  • G02F2203/26—Pulse shaping; Apparatus or methods therefor
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
  • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
  • H01S2301/20—Lasers with a special output beam profile or cross-section, e.g. non-Gaussian

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an optical device for processing a light beam comprising a multi-plane converter, the optical device aiming to shape this beam and conform it to a predetermined shape.
• This spatial shaping of the light beam can be implemented by multiple means, for example by using optical elements such as elements.
• optical elements such as elements.
• non-spherical and non-planar optical elements such as aspherical or free-form optical elements (from the translation of the English expression “freeform optics”).
• free-form optics from the translation of the English expression “freeform optics”.
• a unitary spatial transformation can effectively be decomposed into a succession of primary transformations, each primary transformation affecting the transverse phase profile of light radiation.
• a multi-plane converter typically applies between 3 to 25 primary transformations.
• the implementation of a multi-plane converter requires the arrangement between them with great precision of optical parts whose tolerances are very tight.
• this phase plate must have as great a flatness as possible, and the arrangement of this blade screw- with respect to the other optical parts of the converter be of the order of a micrometer and of a microradian.
• the assembly must also be very robust for its use in an industrial environment, and be able to withstand thermal and mechanical stresses (vibrations or turbulence of the surrounding air) of high intensities.
• an aim of the present invention is to remedy this problem at least in part. More specifically, an aim of the invention is to provide a device for shaping a light beam comprising a multi-plane converter, the beam being formed of at least one optical pulse and the converter being able to be produced in a compact manner, so as to facilitate its manufacture and improve its robustness during use, while limiting its cost.
• the object of the invention proposes a device for processing an input light beam comprising at least one optical pulse having an original duration, the processing device aiming to shape the input light beam according to a predetermined shape.
• the treatment device comprises and comprising:
• a stretcher device for temporally lengthening the duration of the optical pulse by spectral spreading of the input light beam and thus propagating a temporally stretched radiation; a compressor device for at least partially restoring the original duration of the optical pulse;
• an optical output arranged downstream of the compressor device, to propagate an output beam
• a shaping device comprising at least one multi-plane converter arranged upstream of the compressor device, configured to process the temporally stretched radiation with a view to conforming the output beam to the predetermined shape.
• the lengthening of the duration of the optical pulse makes it possible to reduce the size of the beam and to provide a compact multi-plane converter, which facilitates its manufacture and improves its robustness. This effect is all the more marked as the propagation distances necessary for carrying out the optical transformation, and therefore the longitudinal dimension of the converter, change quadratically with the size of the beam.
• the shaping device further comprises at least one diffractive optical element, a spatial phase modulator, an optical system comprising at least one lens, an axicon or a non-spherical and non-planar optical element;
• ⁇ The non-spherical and non-planar optical element is a reflective optical element;
• the multi-plane converter is configured to spatially separate, in a separation plane, the temporally stretched radiation into a radiation useful, in a target mode, and in a disturbance radiation
• the shaping device also comprises at least one device for blocking the disturbing radiation, arranged in the separation plane so that it does not contribute to the beam of disturbance. exit ;
• the processing device comprises a plurality of blocking devices arranged respectively in a plurality of separation planes in which part of the disturbing radiation is spatially isolated;
• the blocking device comprises at least one absorbing, diffusing or reflecting optical element
• the processing device comprises at least one optical amplifier arranged between the stretching device and the compressor device;
• the multi-plane converter is placed downstream of an optical amplifier
• the shaping device comprises a first part disposed upstream of the compressor device, and a second part disposed downstream of this device.
• the object of the invention proposes an optical system comprising a source emitting a beam input light comprising at least one optical pulse having an original duration and a processing device as described above.
• the original duration of the optical pulse is between 1 femtosecond and several nanoseconds, and preferably less than 1 picosecond.
• Figure 1 shows an example of application of a processing device according to the invention
• Figure 2 schematically shows a processing device according to the invention
• a light radiation or a light beam is defined as radiation formed from at least one mode of the electromagnetic field, each mode forming a spatio-frequency distribution of the amplitude, of the phase, and the polarization of the field. Consequently, the modification or transformation of the phase of the light radiation means the modification or the spatio-frequency transformation of each of the modes of radiation.
• the radiations and / or beams are polarized in a single direction.
• the principles exposed are entirely applicable to radiation or a beam exhibiting more than one direction of polarization.
• spatial parameters of a light beam denotes the scalar parameters defining the amplitude and phase distributions associated with the electromagnetic field.
• the following parameters can be cited as examples of such spatial parameters:
• the position of the light beam defined as the position of the center of gravity of the intensity distribution of the beam in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the beam;
• the horizontal or vertical size of the light beam defined as the standard deviation of the horizontal or vertical marginal intensity distribution (as well defined by the international ISO standard); • the ellipticity of the beam;
• an incident light beam undergoes a succession of reflections and / or transmissions, each reflection and / or shaping being followed by propagation of the beam in free space.
• At least 4 reflections and / or transmissions such as for example 8, 10, 12, 14, or even at least 20 reflections and / or transmissions.
• the shape of the incident light radiation and of the modified light radiation are different from each other.
• microstructured surface means that the surface of the optical part may have a relief, for example in the form of “pixels” whose dimensions are between a few microns to a few hundred microns.
• the relief or each pixel of this relief has a variable elevation with respect to a mean plane defining the surface in question, ranging from a few hundred nanometers at most to a few hundred microns at most, in absolute value.
• An optical part having such a microstructured surface forms a phase mask introducing local phase shifts within the cross section of the light beam which is reflected thereon or which is transmitted therein.
• FIG. 1 shows an example of application of a treatment device 1 according to the invention in the field of machining and surface treatment.
• Such a device 1 has an optical input 2 for receiving an input light beam from an optical source 3, for example a pulsed laser source.
• the input beam comprises at least one optical pulse having a determined duration.
• the input beam is formed of a train of pulses of substantially identical durations, the pulses of the train having a determined repetition frequency, but the invention is in no way limited to this conventional configuration.
• a processing device 1 in accordance with the invention is of very particular interest when the source is configured to generate an input beam having pulses the determined duration of which is very short, for example of the order of magnitude of femtoseconds (from Ifs to lps).
• the repetition frequency of these pulses is typically between a few kHz and 1 MHz, for example of the order of 100 kHz.
• the energy of an optical pulse generated by the source in particular when the beam input has been amplified beforehand, can reach values of the order of micro Joule to several millijoules.
• the size of the beam at the optical input 2 of the device has a value preferably less than 180 microns, preferably less than 130 microns, or even 100 microns.
• the beam can be treated in this way using compact devices.
• the optical spectrum of such an ultrashort pulse is not single-frequency, as may be the case for a continuous beam, and this spectrum therefore has a certain spectral width.
• the processing device 1 also has an optical output 4 for emitting an output light beam.
• the optical input and output 2, 4 consist of a simple passage allowing the beams to propagate in free space, but provision could be made for this input and this output to be one and / or the other formed of a connector or an optical stage, for example making it possible to couple the processing device 1 to at least one input and / or output optical fiber.
• the main function of the processing device 1 is to conform the output light beam to a predetermined shape.
• the input beam has a Gaussian shape, symbolized by a circle in this figure, and the output beam has a so-called “top hat” shape, symbolized by a square.
• the shape of the output light beam is generally different from that of the input light beam, but this is not necessarily always the case.
• the processing device 1 can seek to make stable and invariant the shape of an input beam, when this is capable of varying over time, without necessarily seeking to modify the nominal shape of this beam.
• These variations can correspond to an instability of the source or to a relative displacement of the source with respect to the other elements of the system, this displacement being able for example to be caused by vibrations or another type of mechanical interaction with the system environment.
• These variations lead to varying a parameter of the beam emitted by the source, and the processing device 1 can seek to compensate for this variation.
• the treatment device is connected to a scanning device S making it possible to orient the output beam in a controlled manner, to direct it towards a part which must be treated and to scan the part thereof. area.
• the scanning device S symbolized here by two mirrors, can comprise a plurality of movable mirrors whose orientation is controlled by a control device, not shown, so that the output beam follows a predetermined path.
• the scanning device S can include other optical parts, such as lenses, in order to image the output light beam on the part to be treated.
• the present invention therefore provides for providing a processing device for implementing this controlled shaping of the beam.
• Such a device comprises, downstream of the optical input 2, a stretcher device 9 for temporally lengthening the duration of the optical pulses of the input beam.
• a stretching device tends to introduce a controlled delay (phase shift) between the different optical frequencies of the input beam in order to provide and propagate radiation, referred to in the remainder of this description as “temporally stretched radiation”.
• This temporally stretched radiation therefore exhibits pulses the duration of which can be up to 100 or 1000 times greater than the original duration of the pulses of the input beam.
• FIG. 2 shows an implementation based on a pair of diffraction gratings, a pair of lenses and a plane mirror.
• the processing device 1 also comprises a compressor device 10, arranged downstream of the stretching device 9 and upstream of the optical output 4. This device aims to restore (at least in part) the original duration.
• optical pulse by performing an inverse treatment to that of the stretcher device, that is to say by eliminating at least part of the controlled delay introduced between the different optical frequencies of the original pulse. It provides an output beam, comprising a train of pulses whose duration is similar to the duration of the pulses of the input beam, or even reduced compared to the original duration of the pulses of the input beam. This output beam is directed towards the optical output 4 of the processing device 1.
• an exemplary implementation of the compressor device can comprise two diffraction gratings placed parallel to one another and facing each other and a mirror arranged so that the beam makes a path. round trip optic between these two networks.
• the radiation propagating in the treatment device 1, between the stretching device 9 and the compressor device 10 is therefore formed of pulses whose duration is much greater than that of the original pulses of the input beam and whose peak power is much less.
• This radiation can therefore be treated, in order to be shaped, by conventional optical parts, of relatively small and inexpensive dimensions. It is therefore possible, to a certain extent, to reduce the size of the input beam or to preserve a beam of reasonable size, which makes it possible to give a compact shape to the shaping device 6, in particular when the latter comprises a multi converter. plan, as will be detailed in a later section of this application.
• a treatment device in accordance with the present description comprises a shaping device 6 for treating the radiation temporally stretched from the stretcher device 9 and produce radiation, designated in the remainder of this description by “output radiation” having a predetermined shape.
• This output radiation is then propagated to and processed by the compressor device 10, as described above, without affecting the shape of this radiation, so that the shaping device 6 has the effect of shaping the output beam. of the treatment device in the predetermined shape.
• the shaping device 6 comprises a multi-plane converter 5, arranged upstream of the compressor device 10.
• This multi-plane converter 5 may have been configured to put in place. forms the beam so that the output beam has the determined shape and / or to stabilize the input beam, by modal filtering. It is possible to rely on the references provided in an earlier passage of this description to configure the multi-plane converter so that it shapes the temporally spread radiation into radiation of a different shape, contributing to the determined shape of the output beam.
• the shaping device can also include an arrangement 11 of optical elements chosen from the following list to assist the transformations carried out by this converter 5:
• DOE diffractive optical element
• SLM spatial phase modulator
• At least one optical, transmissive or reflective, non-spherical and non-planar element such as an aspherical or free-form optical element (from the translation of the English expression “freeform optics”).
• these optical elements will be of the reflective type, since they have a lower chromatic dispersion and a higher power handling than an optical element of the transmissive type.
• the multi-plane converter 5, possibly assisted by the optical elements of the arrangement 11 of the shaping device 6, are configured and arranged so that the output beam has the predetermined shape.
• This shape is chosen according to the needs of the application and may correspond, at the output of the processing device 1 or after propagation of the output beam in free space or guided to, for example:
• non-spherical and non-planar optical element denotes an optical, transmissive or reflective element, the surfaces of which are neither spherical nor plane. It can for example be an aspherical optical element (which generally has a symmetry of revolution about an axis perpendicular to its mean plane) or a free-form optical element (which does not present a symmetry of revolution. or translation around an axis perpendicular to its mean plane).
• a small number of such non-spherical and non-planar optical elements allows output radiation to be shaped into a wide variety of beam shapes, particularly those exemplified above, which find a particular interest in machining, drilling, precision cutting and surface treatment of materials by laser applications. This is most particularly the case when the input beam of the device 1 is single-mode.
• the shaping device 6 comprises a multi-plane converter 5 (MPLC) which makes it possible to ensure modal filtering of the temporally stretched radiation, that is to say to separate and / or extract from this radiation unwanted spatial modal components.
• MPLC multi-plane converter 5
• These components can come from a variation over time in the shape of the beam coming from the source 3, or more generally coming from the optical elements arranged upstream of the multi-plane converter, which it is therefore desired to stabilize.
• this MPLC is placed upstream of a possible arrangement of optical elements 11 aimed at shaping the output beam, or at completing its shaping, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
• an MPLC makes it possible to transform a base of transverse spatial input modes into a base of output modes. To design an MPLC, it is therefore necessary to define these two bases.
• the input base is determined from the assumed (or nominal) incident light radiation at the MPLC and knowledge of its possible variations.
• the basis of the MPLC output modes is determined by the desired light radiation at the output of this device and by the nature of the means for extracting the optical power of the components. unwanted modals.
• the desired (or “useful”) radiation mode at the output of the MPLC device 5 will be designated as the target mode.
• the following procedure can be followed to determine the base of input modes of the MPLC 5, when the nominal temporally stretched radiation is single-mode:
• the input beam is produced by a multimode optical source 3, for example through a multimode fiber, the input basis of the MPLC 5 can be constructed from the modes of the source rather than by the described method. upper.
• the nominal input mode is then the modal component of the beam comprising the most optical power.
• the input mode base is made up of modes which are not entirely spatially disjoint.
• a physical parameter of interest for example, but not exclusively, the direction and / or the position of a light beam
• s higher order mode
• a base is chosen for which there is a plane, called a separation plane in the present description, in which the output modes other than the target mode are sufficiently disjointed.
• spatially of the target mode so that these output modes can be blocked, for example by an absorbing or diffusing optical element, or deflected by a reflecting optical element, it being understood that the target mode undergoes an arbitrarily low energy loss.
• Gaussian output modes sufficiently spatially separated so that their overlap is zero two by two and distributed linearly in the separation plane, in a triangle or a rectangle.
• the MPLC modal filtering device 5 of a shaping device 6 conforming to the present description is configured to transform the base of input modes into the base of output mode by ensuring in particular that the assumed input mode is transformed into target mode.
• the optical blocking, diffusing or reflecting element can be integrated into the shaping device 6. It can in particular be integrated into the MPLC 5, or physically separated from the latter, as is the case in the schematic representation of FIG. 3.
• the MPLC 5 can in particular be accompanied by a detection element making it possible to collect the output modes of the MPLC 5 associated with the disturbance modes of the incident light beam with a view to their total or partial detection.
• the modal filtering device MPLC 5 performs a projection, in the mathematical sense of the term, of this particular radiation based on its input modes. Optical power in each input mode of the MPLC 5 is transferred to the associated output mode. In the absence of a change in at least one of the spatial parameters, all of the optical power of the particular input light radiation is transferred by the MPLC 5 to the target mode.
• the part of optical power of the particular temporally stretched radiation in the nominal input mode is transferred by the MPLC 5 from nominal input mode to target mode as wanted radiation.
• the optical power share of the temporally stretched radiation particular in Other input modes of the base is transferred by the MPLC 5 to the output modes, orthogonal to the target mode, as disturbance radiation.
• the MPLC is configured to spatially separate, in a separation plane 7, the temporally stretched radiation into useful radiation, in a target mode which propagates to the shaping elements of the arrangement 11, and in a disturbance radiation.
• the part of optical power in the output modes of the MPLC 5 orthogonal to the target mode can then be blocked by the blocking device 8, formed for example of an absorbing optical element , diffusing, or by any optical collection element with a view to total or partial detection.
• the MPLC 5 thus constitutes a passive modal filter where, within the limit of small variations of the spatial parameters of the temporally stretched radiation, the optical power of the light radiation which is outside the nominal input mode is completely extracted.
• the target mode (constituting the useful radiation) and the other modes (constituting the disturbance radiation) may not all be separable in a single separation plane.
• a plurality of blocking devices 8 will be provided, which will be placed respectively in the separation planes, in order to block the part of the disturbance radiation which is spatially isolated in each plane.
• the MPLC 5 modal filtering device makes it possible to separate the useful power from the non-useful power, that is to say the useful radiation from the disturbing radiation.
• active control device motorized mirrors, or an acousto-optical device for example
• non-active mirrors with optomechanical mount
• the multi-plane converter 5 can both seek to shape, at least in part, the temporally stretched radiation and modally filter this radiation. This is the case in particular when the multiplane converter has been configured so that the target mode of the output base has a form different from the nominal input mode of the input base. In this case, it is possible to design a single multiplane converter implementing successively or simultaneously the function of modal filtering of the temporally stretched radiation and the function of shaping this same radiation, or part of this shaping.
• Optical amplifier According to a particular embodiment, provision can be made to place an optical amplifier between the stretching device 9 and the compressor device 10. It is then taken advantage of the fact that the radiation propagating between these two devices has a relatively low peak power in order to be injected into an optical gain medium.
• the optical amplifier can be implemented by means of any known technique, for example a doped fiber amplifier, or an amplifier in free space where the gain medium is a transparent optical element.
• It may for example be a regenerative cavity and a multipass amplifier.
• this single device can be formed from a gain medium of a multipass cavity, through which the radiation passes multiple times. At least one of the reflecting surfaces of the cavity can be provided with a plurality of microstructured zones implementing a multi-plane converter aiming to shape the radiation in the cavity.
• a limited number of microstructured zones (2 to 5) can be arranged on at least one of the reflecting surfaces to intercept the radiation during its last reflections, before it s' extracted from the cavity.
• a single device based on a multi-pass cavity architecture as in the previous example, but in which at least one of the reflecting surfaces would be formed of an optical element. aspherical, non-planar or free-form. This shape would be designed and configured to shape the radiation and help give the output beam its predetermined shape.
• the processing device 1 becomes particularly relevant by:
• a pulsed laser source emits an input light beam having a Gaussian shape and whose carrier frequency is in the visible or near infrared. This source delivers pulses with a duration of the order of a hundred femtoseconds with a repetition rate of the order of a few tens to a few hundred megahertz and energies per pulse of the order of ten nanojoules. In some cases, it may be advantageous to lower the repetition rate to ten or a hundred kilohertz using an electro-optical or acousto-optical device that selects one pulse out of a hundred or a thousand, for example. .
• This input beam is introduced into the optical input 2 of a processing device 1 by free propagation.
• the pulses contained in the beam are stretched temporally using a stretcher device 9 similar to the stretcher device shown in FIG. 3 and composed of standard components, such as holographic diffraction gratings at 600 lines per millimeter and lenses of common focal lengths, for example one hundred or two hundred millimeters.
• a temporally stretched radiation is then commonly obtained having pulses the duration of which is of the order of ten to one hundred picoseconds, that is to say 100 to 1000 times longer than their original durations.
• the pulses are then amplified using an optical amplifier in free space such as a regenerative cavity or a multipass amplifier, or the successive combination of these two solutions.
• the pulses thus obtained then contain an energy of a few tens of microjoules to a few tens of millijoules depending on the gain of each amplifier stage.
• a spatial shaping of the amplified radiation is carried out using a shaping device 6 in accordance with the device 6 described. in connection with the description of FIGS. 2 and 3.
• the shaping device 6 comprises in particular here a multi-plane conversion device 5 configured to stabilize the parameters of the radiation coming from the optical amplification stage, the propagation of the radiation of disturbance then being blocked by an absorbent element.
• the useful radiation supplied by the multiplane conversion device exhibits, at the end of this treatment, a stable and Gaussian form. This radiation is then shaped into a flat square plate by an arrangement formed of 2 free-form reflective optics, the respective shapes of which have been designed to precisely effect this transformation.
• the radiation incident to the shaper 6 is composed of 100 picosecond pulses each containing 1 millijoule with a repetition rate of 100 kilohertz, this radiation then has an average optical power of 100 watts.
• a size of the radiation incident to the shaping device 160 micron shape 6 prevents damage.
• the multi-plane conversion device 5 can then be contained in a volume of the order of 250cm 3 .
• the useful part of the radiation emitted by the shaping device 6 propagates and the pulses it contains are temporally compressed using a compressor device 10 similar to that described in relation to the description of FIG. 2. It is here composed of diffraction gratings similar to those of the stretcher device 9 described above.
• the pulses of radiation emitted by the compressor device 10 then reach a duration of the order of a hundred femtoseconds, 500 femtoseconds for example. This radiation propagates towards the optical output to form the output beam, the shape of which is a square flat plate and the parameters of which are very stable.
• the use of a setting device in shape 6 of the state of the art would have required that the radiation incident to the shaping device 6 has a minimum size of 1100 micrometers in order to avoid any damage to the optical parts.
• the multi-plane converter 5 of this counterexample would then have occupied a volume of the order of 5000cm 3 , twenty times greater than the multi-plane converter 5 of a shaping device 6 in accordance with the invention.
• the processing device 1 can provide optical elements other than those which have just been described. They may in particular be elements, such as the mirrors shown in FIG. 2, making it possible to guide the propagation of the optical radiation passing through the device 1 so that it is processed successively by the different devices that compose it (stretching device, compressor, transmission, amplifier (s)).
• the processing device 1 can include other optical elements aimed at putting into forms the bundle, for example disposed downstream of the compressor device 10.
• the shaping device 6 then comprises a first part disposed upstream of the compressor device 10, and a second part disposed downstream of this compressor device 10. Care will be taken in this case to choose the optical elements of the second part of the shaping device 6 so that they are compatible with the energy delivered by the output beam.

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