EP4144932A1 - Panneau de revêtement d'une surface - Google Patents
Panneau de revêtement d'une surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4144932A1 EP4144932A1 EP21195332.8A EP21195332A EP4144932A1 EP 4144932 A1 EP4144932 A1 EP 4144932A1 EP 21195332 A EP21195332 A EP 21195332A EP 4144932 A1 EP4144932 A1 EP 4144932A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- plug
- coupling element
- section
- receptacle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
- E04F15/02033—Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a panel for cladding a surface, in particular a floor panel for cladding a floor area of a building space, with a panel core consisting of a flat panel surface, a flat panel undersurface spaced from this and parallel to this flat panel undersurface and four panel side surfaces connecting the panel surface to the panel undersurface is enclosed, with mutually complementary coupling elements in the form of an upper coupling element and a lower coupling element being arranged on two opposite panel side surfaces, which are designed in such a way that they enable a coupling of a first such panel to a second such panel by means of a relative movement of the upper coupling element of the first Panels towards the lower coupling element of the second panel allow the upper coupling element to have a wedge-shaped plug element comprising an upper side and a lower side at its distal end eist and the lower coupling element has at its proximal end a plug-in receptacle with a mating surface, into which the plug-in element is inserted when two panels are coupled, so
- Such a panel thus always has a lower coupling element and an upper coupling element, with the terms “lower” and “upper” referring to the fact that when the panels are being assembled, an upper coupling element of a panel to be assembled is attached to a lower coupling element of an already assembled and on the underlying panel is swung down.
- the wedge-shaped plug-in element is inserted obliquely into the plug-in socket, so that the wedge-shaped plug-in element at least partially touches the mating surface of the plug-in socket with its upper side.
- the wedge-shaped plug-in element slides further into the plug-in receptacle, so that the lower side of the wedge-shaped plug-in element also comes into contact with the plug-in receptacle.
- the first coupling section is formed via the interaction of the beveled upper side of the male element and the mating surface
- the second coupling section is formed via the interaction of the lower side of the male element with the female connector.
- the third coupling section is formed by the locking receptacle, which receives the locking element when the first coupling element is pressed down.
- Fluid strength is understood to mean the ability of a composite of the panels to resist the passage of fluid, such as water, from the top of the panels and between adjacent panels to the bottom of the panels and, in the best case, to prevent this entirely.
- fluid such as water
- a panel for cladding a surface in particular a floor panel for cladding a floor area of a building space, with a panel core, which consists of a flat panel surface, a flat panel undersurface spaced from it and parallel to it, and four each connecting the panel surface to the panel undersurface panel side surfaces is enclosed, with mutually complementary coupling elements in the form of an upper coupling element and a lower coupling element being arranged on two opposite panel side surfaces, which are designed in such a way that they enable a coupling of a first such panel to a second such panel by means of a relative movement of the upper coupling element of the allow the first panel to the lower coupling element of the second panel out, the upper coupling element at its distal end an upper side and a lower side comprehensive wedge-shaped has a plug-in element and the lower coupling element has at its proximal end a plug-in receptacle with a mating surface into which the plug-in element is inserted when two panels are in the coupled state
- the panels can be coupled to one another simply by inserting the plug-in element into the plug-in socket and then pivoting the panels relative to one another and the surface of the Plug-in element and the surface of the plug-in socket each have a corrugated structure that are complementary to each other.
- the fact that the corrugated structures are complementary to one another means that the shape of these corrugated surfaces is such that they lie flat against one another when two panels are coupled, which is achieved by the surface shapes of the plug-in receptacle and the plug-in element corresponding to one another. So where the plug-in receptacle has a trough, the plug-in element is provided with a crest, and vice versa.
- the corrugated structures in the plug-in socket and the lower side of the plug-in element run perpendicularly to the panel side faces that have the mutually complementary coupling elements. Due to the fact that the corrugated structures run perpendicularly to the side surfaces of the panel, they run in particular almost parallel to the floor or to the surface to be clad. Above all, the corrugated structures ensure a secure hold and also prevent longitudinal displacement, i.e. in a direction parallel to the ground. When the upper panel is inserted and pivoted down, the corrugated structures interlock and thus also serve as a kind of guide when pivoted down, so that the end position of the upper panel relative to the lower panel can be reached easily and safely. It has been shown that due to the stable nesting and the interlocking of the vertically arranged corrugated structures, a high level of fluid resistance can be achieved.
- the shape of the corrugated structures can follow various shapes. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the wave structures in the plug-in socket and the lower side of the plug-in element run sinusoidally.
- the wave structures have at least three wave crests, preferably at least four wave crests, very preferably at least five wave crests.
- the number of wave troughs of the wave structure of the lower coupling element is at least one greater than the number of complementary wave crests of the wave structure of the upper coupling element.
- the lower coupling element comprises at least one wave trough more than the upper coupling element comprises wave crests. In the inserted state, this creates a gap between the corrugated structures at the proximal end of the corrugated structures, because there is virtually no crest on the upper coupling element, so that the corrugated structures would end flush.
- the omission of a crest at the distal end of the corrugation structure provides not only a gap when deployed but also ease of handling.
- the slope facilitates the insertion and sliding down of the upper panel on the locking element of the lower panel when pressed down.
- the gap also ensures good air circulation between the two panels.
- the height difference between the wave crests and the wave troughs is between a maximum of 7% and a minimum of 1% of the total thickness of the panel given by the distance between the panel surface and the panel undersurface.
- the material thickness of the lower coupling element between the lower surface of the panel and the plug-in socket is less than the material thickness of the upper coupling element between the panel surface and the locking socket.
- the assembly loads on the lower coupling element can generally be better balanced than the assembly loads on the upper coupling element.
- the lower coupling element rests on the surface to be clad during the assembly of the upper coupling element.
- the forces acting on the lower coupling element can thus be counteracted directly and evenly by the ground and are therefore less damaging to individual components of the lower coupling element.
- forces acting on the upper coupling element during the joining of two panels have no such possibility of force distribution, so that the upper coupling element tends to materially fail.
- Such a material failure or a fracture usually occurs in areas with high loads and the smallest possible material thickness.
- the lower coupling element has the smallest material thickness between the panel undersurface and the plug-in receptacle.
- the upper coupling element has the smallest material thickness between the panel surface and the locking receptacle.
- material thickness means a minimum or maximum material thickness in this respective area. If the formulation material thickness is used, this applies to this definition or arrangement.
- the material thickness of the lower coupling element between the panel underside and the plug-in socket is at least 62%, preferably at least 67% and particularly preferably at least 72% of the material thickness of the upper coupling element between the panel surface and the locking socket. Furthermore, it is preferred that the material thickness of the lower coupling element between the panel undersurface and the plug-in socket is at most 82%, at most 77% and particularly preferably at most 72% of the material thickness of the upper coupling element between the panel surface and the locking socket.
- the material thickness of the upper coupling element between the panel surface and the locking receptacle is at least 34%, preferably at least 39%, particularly preferably at least 44% of the total thickness of the panel given by the distance between the panel surface and the panel undersurface.
- the material thickness of the upper coupling element between the panel surface and the locking receptacle is at most 54%, preferably at most 49%, particularly preferably at most 44% of the total thickness of the panel given by the distance between the panel surface and the panel undersurface.
- the material thickness of the lower coupling element between the panel undersurface and the plug-in socket is at least 24%, preferably at least 29%, particularly preferably at least 34% of the total thickness of the panel given by the distance between the panel surface and the panel undersurface.
- the material thickness of the lower coupling element between the panel undersurface and the plug-in socket is at most 44%, preferably at most 39%, particularly preferably at most 34% of the total thickness of the panel given by the distance between the panel surface and the panel undersurface.
- the panel preferably consists of at least one carrier or core on or to which different functional layers are applied or attached, such as decorative layers, wear protection layers and/or counteracting layers.
- the described coupling elements according to the invention are essentially formed in the carrier or core.
- the carrier or core of a panel according to the invention can be provided, for example, a carrier based on a natural material, a plastic, a wood-plastic composite material (WPC), a mineral-plastic composite material (MPC, SPC). Layered structures made from several of the materials mentioned can also be used, for example plasterboard or wood-plastic layered panels.
- the carrier plate can be made of a thermoplastic, elastomeric or duroplastic material.
- panels made of minerals such as natural and artificial stone panels, concrete panels, gypsum fiber panels, so-called WPC panels (made of a mixture of plastic and wood), so-called MPC or SPC panels (made of a mixture of plastic and mineral or stone flour), as well as Boards made from natural raw materials such as cork and wood can be used as carriers according to the invention.
- Panels made from biomass as a natural material such as straw, corn stalks, bamboo, leaves, algae extracts, hemp, oil palm fibers can also be used according to the invention.
- recycling materials made from the materials mentioned are within the scope of the method according to the invention can be used.
- the panels can be made from the natural material cellulose, such as paper or cardboard.
- wood-based materials within the meaning of the invention are also materials such as cross laminated timber, glued laminated timber, block laminated timber, veneer plywood, laminated veneer lumber, strip veneer lumber and flexible plywood.
- wood-based materials within the meaning of the invention also include chipboard materials such as chipboard, extruded boards, coarse chipboard (Oriented Structural Board, OSB) and chipboard as well as wood fiber materials such as wood fiber insulation boards (HFD), medium-hard and hard fiberboard (MB, HFH), and in particular medium-density Understand fiberboard (MDF) and high-density fiberboard (HDF).
- chipboard materials such as chipboard, extruded boards, coarse chipboard (Oriented Structural Board, OSB) and chipboard
- wood fiber materials such as wood fiber insulation boards (HFD), medium-hard and hard fiberboard (MB, HFH), and in particular medium-density Understand fiberboard (MDF) and high-density fiberboard (HDF).
- Modern wood-based materials such as wood-polymer materials (Wood Plastic Composite, WPC), sandwich panels made of a light core material such as foam, rigid foam or paper honeycomb and a layer of wood applied thereto, as well as chipboard bonded with minerals, for example with cement, form wood-based materials within the meaning of the invention.
- WPC Wood Plastic Composite
- sandwich panels made of a light core material such as foam, rigid foam or paper honeycomb and a layer of wood applied thereto, as well as chipboard bonded with minerals, for example with cement, form wood-based materials within the meaning of the invention.
- Cork is also a wood-based material within the meaning of the invention.
- fiber materials is to be understood as meaning materials such as paper and nonwovens based on vegetable, animal, mineral or artificial fibers, as well as cardboard.
- fiber materials made from plant fibers in addition to paper and fleece made from cellulose fibers, panels made from biomass such as straw, corn stalks, bamboo, leaves, algae extracts, hemp, cotton or oil palm fibers.
- animal fiber materials are keratin-based materials such as wool or horsehair.
- Mineral fiber materials are examples of mineral wool or glass wool.
- the carrier can be a plastic-based carrier, that is to say it can have or consist of a plastic.
- thermoplastics are polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins (e.g. polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA), polyurethanes (PU), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate).
- PC polyethylene terephthalate
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- the plastics can contain customary fillers, for example talc, calcium carbonate (chalk), Aluminum oxide, silica gel, quartz flour, wood flour, gypsum. They can also be colored in a known manner. In particular, it can be provided that the carrier material has a flame retardant.
- Thermoplastics in particular also offer the advantage that the products made from them can be recycled very easily. Recycled materials from other sources can also be used. This results in a further possibility of reducing the production costs.
- the carrier material or the material from which the carrier is formed can, for example, be a matrix material and a solid material, the matrix material in an amount, based on the carrier material, of ⁇ 25 wt .-% to ⁇ 55 wt .-%, in particular from ⁇ 35% by weight to ⁇ 45% by weight, and the solid material is present in an amount, based on the carrier material, of ⁇ 45% by weight to ⁇ 75% by weight, in particular ⁇ 55% by weight to ⁇ 65% by weight, and wherein the matrix material and the solid material together, based on the carrier material, are present in an amount of ⁇ 95% by weight, in particular ⁇ 99% by weight, and the solid material at least 50 wt. %, in particular at least 80 wt.
- % in particular at least 95 wt 50% by weight, in particular re is at least 80% by weight, in particular at least 95% by weight, based on the matrix material, formed by a plastic composition consisting of a homopolymer and at least one first copolymer and one second copolymer.
- Layered silicate powder is understood to mean, in a manner known per se, a powder made from a layered silicate.
- Layered silicate is known to refer to minerals from the silicate group, the silicate anions of which are usually arranged in layers.
- phyllosilicates are understood to mean minerals from the mica group, the chlorite group, the kaolinite group and the serpentine group.
- the solid material can advantageously be formed at least by a large part of the mineral substance layered silicate, this substance being about as Powder form can be used or can be present in the carrier material in the form of particles.
- the solid material can consist of a powdered solid.
- Layered silicates offer the advantage that they can allow the production of a carrier with good mechanical properties and, at the same time, can be easily processed into corresponding powders due to their layered structure.
- the plug-in receptacle has a part running in the shape of a segment of a circle and the part in the shape of a segment of a circle is adjacent to the mating surface.
- Such a configuration allows the wedge-shaped end of the plug-in element to slide along the circular section-shaped part when it is inserted into the plug-in socket and the upper panel is then pressed down and is guided to the end position.
- there is a gap between the upper and lower coupling element because the elements are not flush with one another due to their different shape. There is therefore sufficient space for the plug-in element to be guided out of the plug-in receptacle again in order to uninstall the panels again without much effort.
- the wedge shape of the plug-in element can have different sections. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the wedge-shaped plug-in element at the distal end comprises a first section and a second section adjoining the first section, each section comprising an upper side and a lower side, and the upper side and the lower side of the first section are designed to taper obliquely towards the distal end. In addition, according to a further preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the upper side and the lower side of the second section are each arranged parallel to the panel surface or to the panel lower surface and the lower side of the second section has the corrugated structure.
- a first angle between the upper side of the first section and one parallel to the panel surface or to the panel lower surface is larger than a second angle between the lower side of the first section and the parallels.
- the angle is according to A preferred development of the invention provides that the sum of the first angle and the second angle is less than 90°.
- the male element is consequently composed of a first wedge-shaped section and a second straight section.
- the bottom of the wedge-shaped tip is flatter than the top. This facilitates insertion into the socket.
- the angle of the upper side is selected in such a way that the upper side can slide along the counter surface particularly easily during insertion and is guided by it.
- the wedge-shaped design of the tip consequently serves to simplify handling and simple installation and removal of the panels.
- the second section includes the corrugated structure and thus serves to provide stability and fluid resistance of the panels when installed.
- two panels 1A, 1B can be seen in a schematic sectional view, intended to cover a surface.
- the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention shown here involves two floor panels for cladding a floor area of a building room.
- 1 shows the panels 1A, 1B in an uncoupled state, i.e. separated from each other.
- the panels 1A, 1B shown here have thermoplastic polymers as the base material. Alternatively, they can have HDF or MDF carriers.
- the two panels 1A, 1B each have a panel core which is enclosed by a flat panel surface 2, a flat panel bottom surface 3 spaced from this and parallel to this flat panel bottom surface and four panel side surfaces connecting the panel surface 2 to the panel bottom surface 3.
- mutually complementary coupling elements 4, 5 in the form of an upper coupling element 4 and a lower coupling element 5 are arranged on two opposite panel side surfaces, which are designed in such a way that they enable a coupling of a first such panel 1A to a second such panel 1B by means of a Allow relative movement of the upper coupling element 4 of the first panel 1A to the lower coupling element 5 of the second panel 1B.
- the panels 1A, 1B each have three coupling sections on their coupling elements 4, 5, as follows:
- the upper coupling element 4 has a wedge-shaped plug-in element 8 with an upper side 6 and a lower side 7 at its distal end.
- the lower coupling element 5 has a mating surface 10 which rests against the upper side 6 when two panels 1A, 1B are coupled, so that the wedge-shaped plug-in element 8 or the upper side 6 together with the mating surface 10 form the first coupling section of the coupling elements 4, 5 form.
- the wedge-shaped plug-in element 8 has a corrugated surface 13A, namely the corrugated structure according to the invention, and the lower coupling element 5 has a plug-in receptacle 9 adjoining the mating surface 10 and also having a corrugated surface 13B, into which two Panels 1A, 1B, the plug-in element 8 is inserted, so that the plug-in element 8, in particular with its lower side 7 together with the plug-in receptacle 9, form the second coupling section of the coupling elements 4, 5.
- the upper coupling element 4 has a locking receptacle 1 adjoining the plug-in element 8
- the lower coupling element 5 has at its distal end a locking element 12 adjoining the plug-in receptacle 9, which in the coupled state of two panels 1A, 1B in the locking receptacle 11 engages, so that the locking receptacle 11 together with the locking element 12 form the third coupling section of the coupling elements 4, 5.
- the wedge-shaped plug-in element 8 is divided into two sections I, II.
- the first section I has an upper side 6I and a lower side 7I. Both sides 6I, 7I converge at an angle, with the lower side 7I being flatter than the upper side 6I. This is directly related to the fact that the angle ⁇ between the upper side 6I and a surface parallel to the panel surface 2 P is greater than the angle ⁇ between the lower side 7I and the parallel P.
- the first section I therefore forms a tip which is intended to facilitate handling and installation by facilitating the insertion of the plug-in element 8 into the plug-in receptacle 9 .
- the second section II is directly adjacent to the first section I and has an upper side 6II and a lower side 7II, which are straight and merge smoothly into the panel surface 2 or panel undersurface 3 .
- the surfaces 13A, 13B of the plug-in element 8 or of the plug-in receptacle 9 which face one another in the coupled state of two panels 1A, 1B have corrugated structures which are complementary to one another.
- the corrugated structures in the plug-in receptacle 9 and the plug-in element 8 run perpendicular to the panel side surfaces having the mutually complementary coupling elements 4, 5 and that the corrugated structures in the plug-in receptacle 9 and the plug-in element 8 run sinusoidally.
- the corrugation structure of the upper panel 1A has one less crest 14A than the corrugation structure of the lower panel 1B has complementary troughs 15B.
- the sloping edge arranged instead of a wave crest 14A towards the end of the lower side 7II of the second section II facilitates the insertion of the plug-in element 8 into the plug-in socket 9.
- the plug-in socket 9 has a part 16 in the shape of a segment of a circle, on which when the plug-in element 8 is inserted into the Plug-in receptacle 9 can slide along the wedge-shaped tip of the first section I, so that the tip of the male element 8 is guided into the lower panel 1B when the upper panel 1A is inserted.
- the material thickness UM of the lower coupling element 5 between the panel undersurface 3 and the plug-in socket 9 is less than the material thickness OM of the upper coupling element 4 between the panel surface 2 and the locking socket 11, which leads to the advantages in terms of breakage resistance mentioned in detail above .
- FIG. 12 shows the two panels 1A, 1B 1 in a schematic sectional view in the coupling process
- the upper panel 1A is partially inserted into the lower panel 1B.
- the wedge-shaped tip of the first section I is inserted into the socket 9 at an angle.
- a particularly simple handling is ensured by several factors: Firstly, the edge of the counter-surface 10 slides along the upper side 6I of the tip; on the other hand, the tip itself is guided by the part 16 in the shape of a segment of a circle, so that when the upper panel 1A moves forward in the x-direction due to the arc shape of the part 16 in the shape of a segment of a circle, the tip is necessarily guided upwards and the upper panel 1A is thus pivoted down as a whole becomes. Consequently, the relative movement in the form of a pivoting movement R of the top panel 1A is forced downward in the coupling operation. A faulty installation can thus be almost completely ruled out. The downward movement takes place in the negative y-direction.
- FIG. 12 shows the two panels 1A, 1B 1 and 2 in paired state. All three coupling sections are in the coupled state.
- the plug-in element 8 is fully inserted into the plug-in receptacle 9 so that the upper side 6I rests against the mating surface 10.
- the wave crests 14A, 14B engage in the complementary wave troughs 15A, 15B.
- the locking element 12 is received by the locking receptacle 11 .
- the two panels 1A, 1B are plugged into one another and can no longer be shifted along the x-direction.
- the two panels 1A, 1B can only be decoupled and thus uninstalled by a relative movement, in particular an upward pivoting movement of the upper panel essentially in the y-direction.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21195332.8A EP4144932B1 (fr) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Panneau de revêtement d'une surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21195332.8A EP4144932B1 (fr) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Panneau de revêtement d'une surface |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4144932A1 true EP4144932A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 |
| EP4144932B1 EP4144932B1 (fr) | 2025-05-07 |
Family
ID=77666258
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21195332.8A Active EP4144932B1 (fr) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Panneau de revêtement d'une surface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4144932B1 (fr) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19851200C1 (de) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-03-30 | Kronotex Gmbh Holz Und Kunstha | Fußbodenpaneele |
| FR2922568A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-04-24 | Mprin Parquets Sa Sa | Panneau de recouvrement de sol a profil encliquetable |
| US20140352248A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2014-12-04 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Floor covering with interlocking design |
-
2021
- 2021-09-07 EP EP21195332.8A patent/EP4144932B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19851200C1 (de) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-03-30 | Kronotex Gmbh Holz Und Kunstha | Fußbodenpaneele |
| FR2922568A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-04-24 | Mprin Parquets Sa Sa | Panneau de recouvrement de sol a profil encliquetable |
| US20140352248A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2014-12-04 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Floor covering with interlocking design |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4144932B1 (fr) | 2025-05-07 |
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