EP4234853A9 - Cylindre de fermeture programmable - Google Patents

Cylindre de fermeture programmable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4234853A9
EP4234853A9 EP23175689.1A EP23175689A EP4234853A9 EP 4234853 A9 EP4234853 A9 EP 4234853A9 EP 23175689 A EP23175689 A EP 23175689A EP 4234853 A9 EP4234853 A9 EP 4234853A9
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tumbler
counter
key
locking
locking cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP23175689.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4234853A2 (fr
EP4234853B1 (fr
EP4234853A3 (fr
EP4234853C0 (fr
Inventor
Renato SERAFINI
Peter Hertlein
Stefan BOËS
Stephan Cecil Fox
Moritz MUSSGNUG
Daniel Alexander Türk
Mirko Meboldt
Benjamin Gugerli
Urs SPÄNI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dormakaba Schweiz AG
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Dormakaba Schweiz AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4234853A2 publication Critical patent/EP4234853A2/fr
Publication of EP4234853A3 publication Critical patent/EP4234853A3/fr
Publication of EP4234853A9 publication Critical patent/EP4234853A9/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4234853B1 publication Critical patent/EP4234853B1/fr
Publication of EP4234853C0 publication Critical patent/EP4234853C0/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/005—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with changeable combinations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking cylinder, in particular a programmable locking cylinder, and to a method for programming a locking cylinder.
  • Locking cylinders have a stator that can be attached to a lock in a non-rotatable manner (sometimes called a “cylinder housing”) and a rotor that can be rotated about the axis of the locking cylinder when a suitable key is inserted (sometimes called a “cylinder core”). By rotating the rotor, drive means are moved which are used to operate a bolt or other means related to the desired function of the locking cylinder.
  • the rotor is a cylinder inserted into the stator with several bores which extend through the rotor and the stator and into which a tumbler, a counter-tumbler and a coil spring are inserted.
  • the tumbler and counter-lock are movable along the bore axis and are subjected to a restoring force by the coil spring.
  • the separating surface, separating line or separating point is connected to a separating joint (ie the separating surface/shearing surface) between the rotor and stator coincides. So the tumbler is completely in the rotor and the counter-lock is completely in the stator. This allows the rotor to rotate within the stator and can thus enable a locking system to be unlocked.
  • Locking cylinders are typically manufactured individually so that each of the tumblers has a length tailored to an associated key.
  • the lengths correspond to the coding incorporated in the key, which manifests itself in recesses of different depths in defined positions on the key (and scanned by the respective tumbler). This means that a great deal of logistical effort must be made in order to transport the produced locking cylinders to the place of use or to dealers, especially if the locking cylinder is to be replaced by another locking cylinder or is to become part of a larger locking system.
  • the production of individualized locking cylinders usually requires a lot of manual work to assemble the large number of individual parts.
  • a locking cylinder can be subsequently programmed, i.e. individualized, after assembly.
  • a generic, i.e. not yet customizable, still programmable locking cylinder can be produced, which enables more efficient and highly automated production.
  • Generic locking cylinders can also be supplied, which can only be programmed afterwards, for example at the location of use or at a dealer.
  • WO 2010/103032 A1 proposed to provide tumblers whose length is adjustable by rotating a part of the tumbler provided with an internal thread relative to a part of the tumbler provided with a matching external thread. This requires the creation of very small threads, particularly for reversible key locking cylinders. In addition, it must be ensured that the length of each tumbler is set with sufficient precision when programming. and that this setting is still sufficiently accurate even after years of using the locking cylinder.
  • US 2005/0217331 shows a programmable locking cylinder in which the shearing surface between the locking cylinder rotor and the locking cylinder stator can be adjusted per tumbler-counter-tumbler pair by storing so-called shear sleeves in adjustable positions.
  • US 2,232,017 shows a locking cylinder with two-part tumblers, which can be programmed in the presence of a key before the locking cylinder is assembled.
  • the US 3,190,093 shows a locking system for serrated keys, in which the locking cylinder is initially programmed for a temporary key.
  • the locking cylinder has a special tumbler-counter-tumbler pair at one position, in which the tumbler has a sleeve and a further element, for example a ball, which can be inserted into the sleeve against a frictional force.
  • This additional element is rounded off towards the parting line with the counter lock.
  • a secondary key with a less deep notch is used in place of the special tumbler-counter-tumbler pair, the cylinder itself will jam due to the tumbler being too long. By turning it while applying appropriate force, the user can push the additional element further into the sleeve against the frictional force and thus shorten the tumbler overall to such an extent that it is coordinated with the secondary key.
  • the temporary key then no longer fits.
  • this reprogramming system has the disadvantage that only very limited reprogramming and only in one direction (from a key with a deeper notch to a key with a less deep notch) is possible. Therefore, the system is not suitable for the concept of initially producing a generic, unprogrammed cylinder and only programming the cylinder later, for example on site. It is also very tricky not to have the force required to push the additional element into the sleeve (exerted by a shearing movement). to become large without the connection between the sleeve and the other element becoming loose.
  • programming should be able to be done easily and/or quickly and safely.
  • a corresponding method for programming a locking cylinder is to be created.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a programmable locking cylinder that is mechanically robust, in particular in such a way that the programming is still accurate even after years of use and/or after other mechanical stress.
  • Another object of the invention is to enable particularly simple programming of a locking cylinder.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to enable particularly rapid and/or particularly precise programming of a locking cylinder.
  • the programmable locking cylinder and/or tools used for programming should preferably be relatively easy to manufacture and meet high security requirements.
  • a locking cylinder of the type described here is a mechanical locking cylinder (which does not exclude the additional presence of electronic/electromechanical security features) and has a stator and a rotor rotatable in the stator with a key opening into which a key can be inserted. It also has a plurality of tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs, which in Holes in the rotor or stator are mounted, the corresponding holes in the rotor and the stator being aligned with one another when the rotor is in a starting position relative to the stator, in which it is possible to insert and remove a key.
  • a tumbler which has two parts, the relative position of which is adjustable and fixable, in particular in that the two parts are connected to one another in a press fit.
  • the locking cylinder is designed so that it can be programmed by a tool which exerts a pushing force on the counter-tumbler or directly on the tumbler in order to push the two parts of the tumbler (further) into one another, while a key with the desired coding is inserted into the cylinder is introduced and forms an inside stop for the respective tumbler, which depends on the coding.
  • the programming of the mechanical locking cylinder according to the first aspect is carried out by an interaction between a tool that pushes the tumbler inwards (directly or via the counter-tumbler) up to a certain position and the tool that has the correct coding , prefabricated key on the other hand.
  • the locking cylinder has an access for the tool, through which the tool, for example, in the fully assembled state of the locking cylinder (in which the respective counter-tumbler presses inwards like a spring) can act on the counter-tumbler or tumbler.
  • Such access consists, for example, in an access opening per Tumbler-counter-tumbler pair with programmable (length-adjustable) tumbler.
  • a generic (programmable) locking cylinder can be produced in which tumblers, counter-tumblers and springs are already mounted and the stator is encased in a sleeve or another housing, for example.
  • the two parts of the tumblers are connected to one another (in particular in a press fit) so that the tumblers all have at least the maximum length required for any key for which the locking cylinder should be programmable.
  • the tumblers only have to be shortened to such an extent (by pushing the two parts into one another) that the separating joint between the tumblers and the counter-tumblers is compatible with the separating joint for all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs between rotor and stator coincide.
  • the rotor can then be rotated within the stator; the tumblers have exactly the required length.
  • the tool can have a mechanical stop, which prevents the mandrel from being inserted further into the locking cylinder when the desired position (parting line between tumbler and counter-tumbler coincides with parting line between rotor and stator) is reached.
  • a simple tool e.g. with a plurality of thorns of the same length
  • all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs of the locking cylinder can be programmed simultaneously or sequentially, for example row by row .
  • different tools may be required for different tumbler-counter tumbler pairs.
  • the locking cylinder can have further tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs in addition to the mentioned tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs with (at least) two-part tumblers, for example with usual one-piece tumblers.
  • a locking length of each of the tumblers can be reduced by pushing the respective first and second parts into one another.
  • the effective closing length is the length that the tumbler measures along a hole axis, which defines the hole in the rotor in which the tumbler is mounted (in this text the term "hole” is used regardless of how the corresponding structures (holes/ Cavities/openings) are manufactured, i.e. it is not limited to production by drilling).
  • the mechanical locking cylinder also has a plurality of tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs which are mounted in bores in the rotor or stator, the corresponding bores of the rotor and the stator being aligned with one another when the rotor relative to the stator is in a starting position in which it is possible to insert and remove a key.
  • At least one of the tumblers has a first and a second part, which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and can be fixed in these
  • at least the associated counter-tumbler has a third and a fourth part, which can be brought into different positions relative to one another and can be fixed in these, whereby a total effective locking length of the tumbler along an axis depends on the relative position of the first and second parts and a total effective locking length of the counter-tumbler along an axis depends on the relative position of the third and fourth parts.
  • both the tumbler and the counter tumbler can be adjusted in their closing length.
  • the first, second, third and fourth parts can be shaped and arranged relative to one another in the starting position such that a movement of the fourth part relative to the third part by a path length L causes a movement of the second part relative to the first part by the same path length L. If such a displacement of the second part relative to the first part causes the tumbler to be shortened by L, it can simultaneously cause the length of the counter-tumbler to increase by L - so the sum of the lengths remains constant.
  • the second part can be arranged axially with respect to the bore axis within the fourth part and aligned with it.
  • An outside part of the first part can also be aligned with an inside part of the third part.
  • the third part forms an outer end of the counter-lock, and a distance between the first and the third part is kept constant, when the fourth part is moved relative to the third part (e.g. pressed inwards) and thereby moves the second part relative to the first, or even when, as explained below, the second part is moved independently of the fourth part.
  • a separation arrangement can be present between the first and the third part, which is in physical contact with the first and the third part, and due to which a plurality of possible separation joints are defined between the first part and the third part - namely at least where the Separation arrangement is in contact with the first part and where the separation arrangement is in contact with the third part, and for example also within the separation arrangement.
  • the separation arrangement has, for example, several separation elements that are not or only loosely connected to one another (via a predetermined separation point).
  • the second and fourth parts can be aligned with one another and can be displaced together in the axial direction relative to the first and third parts - at least inwards - and, on the other hand, an outside part of the first part, the separation arrangement and an inside part of the third part aligned with each other.
  • the second and fourth parts can be arranged radially within the inside part of the third part (preferably the entire third part), the separation arrangement and the outside part of the first part, which surround the second and fourth part like a sleeve.
  • the separation arrangement can, for example, have one or preferably several rings, which in the latter case are loosely stacked on top of one another or connected to one another by a detachable connection (in particular predetermined separation point).
  • the actual parting line between the tumbler and counter-tumbler is defined by the - movable, i.e. programmable - parting line between the second and fourth part.
  • programming may be possible that allows the second part to be arranged at a distance from one another relative to the fourth part, which enables several different codes to be applied to the tumbler-counter-tumbler pair fit (several code levels), which can be used for more complex locking systems with several keys that open a lock (so-called Master Key Systems MKS).
  • a programming tool used can act directly on the second part.
  • the fourth part can have a through opening through which the programming tool can act on the second part even if the cylinder with counter-locking has already been assembled.
  • a programming tool of the type described above can then, in addition to the thorns, also have at least one programming pin, which, for example, is guided in the tool and, depending on the desired programming, protrudes so far beyond the stop during programming that the second part is to the desired extent during programming is shifted compared to the first part.
  • a programming pin can, for example, be guided coaxially into the bore in the tool and, for example, be guided axially through an inner opening in the respective mandrel.
  • the programming pin can be brought into different positions relative to the stop surface of the tool, this position being selected, for example, depending on the - known - coding of the key at the position of the corresponding tumbler-counter-tumbler pair.
  • an MKS system can also be achieved by not equipping certain bores with tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs or by having some tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs conventionally designed and with a or several coding disks, so-called “split pins”.
  • the first part forms a key-side end of the respective tumbler for scanning a key inserted into the locking cylinder and the second part forms a counter-locking-side end of the respective tumbler for interaction with the respective assigned counter-tumbler.
  • a stop for limiting movement of the respective tumbler into the key opening is formed by the respective first part. This may make it more difficult or even impossible to read out the coding optically. To limit the movement, the stop works together with a stop in the rotor bore for the tumbler.
  • the first parts each have a section (for example a section with an annular cross-section) in which they fill a cross-section of a bore in the rotor in which the respective tumbler is movably mounted.
  • the same may additionally or alternatively apply (if present) to the third part and/or the separation arrangement.
  • the second parts each have a section in which they completely fill a cross section of a bore in the rotor in which the respective tumbler is movably mounted.
  • This can lead to increased mechanical stability and mechanical load capacity of the locking cylinder and correspondingly to increased security of the locking cylinder.
  • the second part can be T-shaped or be mushroom-shaped. This possibility is only eliminated in embodiments with the separation arrangement if, as is preferred, it is present on the radial outside.
  • the second part forms a stamp (also referred to as a shaft), which is inserted into an opening in the associated first part that is adapted to it in a press fit.
  • a stamp also referred to as a shaft
  • the opening in the associated first part can be hollow cylindrical.
  • the first part can, for example, be sleeve-shaped at least on the outside.
  • the first and/or the second part can, for example, be rotationally symmetrical, in particular a rotating part.
  • the same optionally applies to the third and/or the fourth part and/or the separation arrangement.
  • the bores in the rotor or stator are, for example, radial in relation to the axis of rotation of the rotor, which particularly favors the use of rotationally symmetrical parts.
  • bore axes that are skewed in relation to the axis of rotation are also conceivable - depending on the arrangement of the coding on the key.
  • an external guide is formed by the first part and an internal guide is formed by the second part.
  • an internal guide is formed by the first part and an external guide is formed by the second part.
  • the third part and the separation arrangement form an external guide and the second and fourth parts form an internal guide - or possibly vice versa.
  • the corresponding inner guide-outer guide pair can, on the one hand, ensure movement of the two parts during programming along the same axis and, on the other hand, if necessary (if the design is correspondingly long), it can provide a strong press fit and thus a high level of mechanical stability in the connection of the two parts.
  • first and second parts are connected to one another in a press fit so that they can be displaced relative to one another.
  • third and fourth parts as a supplement or alternative.
  • An interference fit is sometimes referred to as an interference fit.
  • the press fit secures the two parts together so tightly that they maintain their relative position even after years of use and other typically occurring mechanical stress. And on the other hand, the length of the tumbler can be adjusted during programming using the mechanical forces applied. These forces are so great that the two parts in a press fit can be moved relative to one another, which leads to the length adjustment of the tumbler and thus to the programming.
  • first, second and optionally third, fourth parts and/or parts of the separation arrangement can consist of the same or completely or partially different materials. Any combinations and permutations are possible.
  • the first, second, third and/or fourth part can, for example, alternatively be made of plastic, for example made of a polymer or a polymer composite material.
  • the lock cylinder has one coil spring for each tumbler-counter-tumbler pair.
  • a counter-tumbler can have a recess at its respective end facing away from the key opening for receiving the respective coil spring.
  • the lock cylinder has a housing, for example a sleeve, which encases the stator, and each of the coil springs rests on an inner surface of the housing at its end facing away from the key opening.
  • the invention also relates to a device which has one of the locking cylinders described and a tool.
  • the tool can be used to program the lock cylinder and can be designed as described in the present patent application. In particular, it can have a stop surface and at least one mandrel protruding from the stop surface. It can also have several mandrels that protrude the same distance from the stop surface.
  • the tool can be characterized in that it has at least one stop surface and at least one mandrel protruding from the stop surface has, the diameter and length of the at least one mandrel being adapted for programming the locking cylinder.
  • the method for programming a locking cylinder relates to a locking cylinder which has a stator and a rotor rotatable in the stator with a key opening into which a key can be inserted, and which further has at least one tumbler which has a first and a second part, which in are connected to each other with a press fit.
  • a locking length of the tumbler is changed by telescoping or moving apart the first and second parts, in particular reduced by telescoping.
  • the tool has a stop surface and a mandrel protruding from the stop surface.
  • the mandrel can also be referred to as a rod and causes the first and second parts to slide into one another.
  • the thorn can be a solid thorn. If necessary, the mandrel can be a hollow mandrel (or a hollow rod).
  • Such a tool can allow for very precise programming and can be relatively easy to manufacture.
  • the stop surface is flat. Alternatively, it can also have a curvature.
  • the mandrel is guided into the stator until the stop surface abuts a counter-stop and the mandrel exerts a force on the second part, which causes the telescoping to occur.
  • the counter-stop mentioned is usually formed by part of the lock cylinder.
  • it can be formed by a housing surrounding the stator, for example a sleeve, or more precisely: by an outer surface of the housing.
  • the counter-stop is formed by the stator itself (more precisely: by an outer surface of the stator).
  • the force mentioned can be directed in the direction of the key.
  • the force can be directed along a bore axis of the bore in which (or which) the tumbler is located in the rotor.
  • the stop surface has a curvature that is adapted to a curvature of the counter-stop.
  • stator is encased in a housing (e.g. sleeve)
  • access openings can be provided in the housing through which the mandrel can be passed, so that the mandrel can be introduced into the stator through the housing.
  • a parting line between the stator and the rotor, and a length of the mandrel measured from the stop surface is dimensioned such that after the mandrel has been inserted into the stator until the stop surface abuts the counter-stop, the first and second parts are like this are pushed far into each other so that one end of the tumbler facing away from the key coincides with the parting line.
  • the first and second parts are pushed into one another to such an extent that a separating joint formed between the tumbler and the counter-tumbler comes to lie on the separating joint between the stator and the rotor.
  • the tool acts indirectly (by the mandrel pressing the counter-tumbler or a part of it against the tumbler) or directly (by pressing on the second part) on the second part, while an inner end of the first part rests on the correspondingly coded key. If the parting line between the tumbler and the counter-tumbler is moved up to the level of the parting line between the rotor and stator, the locking cylinder is programmed. In particular, the tool does not carry any information about the coding: in the process described, this is rather transferred from the key to the lock cylinder.
  • the method enables simple and precise programming (individualization) of a locking cylinder, which was previously typically a generic locking cylinder.
  • a locking cylinder which was previously typically a generic locking cylinder.
  • no specific, adapted tools are required for programming, nor does the cylinder have to be adapted; Under certain circumstances it does not even have to be taken apart but can be used as a generic cylinder when fully assembled and adapted using the programming described here.
  • the tool acts on the second part via the fourth part, that is, the tool moves the fourth part inwards relative to the first part - while, for example, the third part is prevented from being moved inwards by the separation arrangement - and the fourth part moves the second part relative to the first Part inwards, which can be equivalent to pushing the second and first part into each other.
  • a tool can be used in which a programming pin acts directly on the second part to bring it into a distance from the fourth part - this in order to define several parting lines so that an MKS can be created.
  • mandrels can be present on the same tool or on a separate tool, which act on the fourth part in the manner described above.
  • the two parts are connected to one another, for example in a press fit.
  • a counter-locking device assigned to the tumbler is present during programming. Programming can also be carried out without counter locking. However, it can simplify the completion of the locking cylinder if, during programming, a counter-tumbler assigned to the tumbler is already provided in the locking cylinder and, if necessary, a spring.
  • the first and second parts can be pushed into one another in particular by exerting a force acting in the direction of the key, so that the first and second parts are pushed into one another.
  • the first part can be on the key.
  • the said telescoping of the first and second parts during programming generally corresponds to a further telescoping of the first and second parts.
  • the locking cylinder with tumbler and associated counter-tumbler has a helical spring assigned to the tumbler and the counter-tumbler, wherein when the first and second parts are pushed into one another, the mandrel extends through at least part of the helical spring, in particular extends completely through the helical spring.
  • a locking cylinder typically has several tumbler-counter-holding pairs.
  • the method described can easily be transferred to the case of locking cylinders with two or more tumblers, each with at least two parts.
  • tools of the type described above need not have any programming-related coding.
  • the tools for a locking cylinder to be programmed are the same, regardless of which key the locking cylinder is to be programmed for (and by means of).
  • any of these locking cylinders can be programmed for use with any key (of course basically suitable for the type of locking cylinder).
  • an at least partially coded tool is also possible.
  • a device can, for example, have a base body which forms a stop and at least one programmed mandrel which protrudes to a programmable extent relative to the base body.
  • the adjustment of such a mandrel can be done manually, for example via an adjusting screw, or electronically/automatically.
  • programming can be done without a key.
  • the information used for programming the tool can also be used separately in a manner known per se for the production of the key by attaching the corresponding coding.
  • the locking cylinder only during or after programming, for example in that the counter-tumblers - for example the two-part counter-tumblers - and possibly the separation arrangements are not pre-assembled but are only introduced together with the corresponding mandrel of the tool, or introduced after the - then programmable - tool has acted directly on the second parts.
  • the fourth parts or the second and fourth parts are introduced subsequently, for example during or immediately before programming.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a lock cylinder 1 with an inserted key 10.
  • Fig. 2 shows the lock cylinder in a perspective exploded view Fig. 1 .
  • the lock cylinder 1 has a rotor 5 and a stator 6 as well as a sleeve 7.
  • the sleeve 7 or the locking cylinder 1 can have a different housing, or the housing can, in addition to the sleeve, also include other parts, for example at least partially surrounding the sleeve, which in Fig. 1 is not shown.
  • the tumbler 2 can, in an otherwise known manner, together with a counter-tumbler 3 (and a coil spring 4, part of which is accommodated in a recess 3a of the counter-tumbler 3) as well as with the rotor 5 and stator 6, the conventional closing and opening function of the locking cylinder make possible. If for all tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs the joint T2 formed by them coincides with the joint between rotor 5 and stator 6, the rotor 5 can be rotated in the stator 6 and the rotor 5 is unlocked. As long as the parting line T2 of at least one of the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs is located somewhere else, the rotor 5 is locked and cannot be rotated in the stator 6.
  • Tumbler 2 has a first part 2a and a second part 2b, which have a press fit 2p.
  • the second (counterholding-side) part 2b can form a shaft 2i and the first (key-side) part 2a can form a guide 2j for the shaft 2i, so that the two parts 2a, 2b can be moved relative to one another (while maintaining the press fit).
  • the second part 2b bordering the counter-tumbler can be T-shaped or mushroom-shaped and the first part 2a can be sleeve-shaped.
  • the first part 2a has an end 2e, by means of which a key inserted into the lock cylinder is scanned.
  • Fig. 5 to 15 show a perspective view of a locking cylinder 1 in partial section, to illustrate the locking cylinder 1 and its programming. For a clearer illustration, not all reference symbols are used in all of the figures.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an insight into the interior of a generic locking cylinder 1 that has not yet been programmed.
  • the individual parts have already been described previously.
  • the key opening is labeled 1a.
  • All five tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs shown still have the same length and are in the same radial position.
  • the initial situation can look equivalent.
  • the length and orientation may be different for different tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the insertion of a key 10 for which (and by means of which) the lock cylinder 1 is to be programmed.
  • the length of the tumblers 2 is still unchanged, but their radial position changes when the key 10 is inserted, as can be seen from the parting lines T2, T2 '.
  • the stop 1b of the hole is also in Fig. 6 visible, which causes the tumblers 2 to lock when the key 10 is not inserted (cf. Fig. 5 ) do not protrude too far into the key opening.
  • Fig. 7 the key 10 is completely inserted.
  • the length of the tumblers 2 is still unchanged, but their radial (with respect to the axis of the rotor) position is now determined by the coding provided on the key 10, as can be seen from the parting lines T2, T2 '.
  • a tool 9 for programming (programming tool) is shown. It has several mandrels 9a which are attached to a base plate through which a stop surface 9b is formed.
  • a counter-stop 8 for the tool 9 is formed in the example shown by the outer surface of the sleeve 7.
  • Fig. 7 you can also see that the mandrels 9a of the tool are inserted through openings in the housing (here the sleeve 7) and that the coil springs then surround the mandrels; the openings in the housing have a smaller diameter than the coil springs so that the latter can be supported on the inner surface of the housing.
  • the mandrels 9a of the tool 9 are inserted through the sleeve 7 into the stator 6, each extending through the interior of one of the coil springs 4.
  • Fig. 9 symbolizes a force K, by means of which the parts 2a and 2b, which are in a mutual press fit, are pushed into one another. This leads to the in Fig. 9 noticeable shortening of the length of tumblers 2.
  • Fig. 13 The situation is illustrated if the key 10 was turned a little after the actual programming. The tumbler-counter tumbler pairs are separated from each other. In Fig. 14 the key is turned a little further and the rotor 5 is no longer shown in section. In Fig. 15 the key 10 is turned a little further.
  • the programming of the lock cylinder 1 can be done in a very simple yet precise manner, and the tool used can also be one that is easy to produce.
  • the tool or tools therefore carry no information about the coding of the locking cylinder.
  • the coding of the lock cylinder is taken over by the key.
  • Fig. 16 shows schematically a two-part tumbler 2, in section.
  • This tumbler 2 corresponds to the one in the Figures 3 and 4 shown.
  • the first part 2a is sleeve-shaped and forms (through an internal bore) an internal guide 2j for the shaft 2i of the second part 2b, which is T-shaped or mushroom-shaped.
  • the first part 2a also has a stop 2c, through which (by interacting with the stop 1b, see Fig. 6 ) the tumbler 2 is held in its hole and the tumbler 2 is prevented from protruding too far into the key opening 1a.
  • Fig. 16 to 19 For the sake of clarity, the first part 2a is shown using wider lines than the second part 2b.
  • the effective closing length of the tumblers 2 is marked L.
  • a second position of the second part 2b and the corresponding (shortened) effective locking length L are symbolized by dotted lines, as may be the case after programming the locking cylinder.
  • the tumbler 2 from Fig. 17 is similar to that of Fig. 16 . But in this case, the guidance of the second part 2b in the bore is better, but this entails a more complex production of the second part 2b.
  • an internal guide is formed by the second part 2b, while a shaft guided therein is formed by the first part 2a.
  • the wall thickness of the sleeve-shaped second part 2b can be greater, so that the second part 2b can be quite robust. However, this can simplify the optical readability of the coding.
  • bronze can be chosen for the first part 2a and brass for the second part 2b.
  • Typical dimensions are the maximum diameter of the tumblers: between 2 mm and 3 mm and the shaft or guide diameter between 1 mm and 1.6 mm, with a (diameter-related) oversize for the press fit of between 0.015 mm and 0.04 mm.
  • Other materials and dimensions are conceivable.
  • FIG. 20 An example of a lock cylinder 1 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 20 shown, in which, as in the following figures, the rotor 5, the stator 6 with tumblers 2 and counter-tumblers 30 in the starting position (in which the bores of the rotor and the stator are aligned with one another and in which the key can be inserted or removed) in section shown, for the sake of simplicity the housing on which, for example, springs (not shown in these figures) which act on the outside of the counter-tumbler are supported, is not shown. As explained using the examples above, such a housing can have openings for the mandrels of the tool.
  • FIG. 20 The generic, programmable lock cylinder is drawn in the initial, unprogrammed configuration and without a key shaft inserted into the key channel 1a.
  • Figures 28 and 29 each show a tumbler-counter tumbler pair with a separation arrangement for a locking cylinder as in Fig. 20 and the following figures, Fig. 29 in an exploded view (wherein the elements 41, 42, 43 of the separation arrangement 40 are drawn one next to the other, although they can be designed as separate elements, for example).
  • the lock cylinder 1 In contrast to the locking cylinders according to Fig. 1-19 In addition to the two-part tumblers 2, the lock cylinder 1 also has two-part counter-tumblers 30, which one in Figures 28 and 29 looks particularly good.
  • the programmable tumbler/counter tumbler pairs (in Fig. 20 all ten pairs shown are shown as programmable pairs; However, combinations with conventional tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs are also conceivable) are constructed as follows: the first part 2a of the tumbler has the inner end 2e, which projects into the key channel 1a. On the outside it has a sleeve-like section which forms an opening that is open to the outside and which forms a guide 2j for the second part 2b.
  • the second part is designed as an inner part, which can be guided inside the sleeve-like section and which, in the initial configuration, is only inserted into the guide 2j with its inner end. Because the dimensions of the first part and the second part are matched to one another in such a way that a press fit results, the second part 2b is fixed relative to the first part 2a.
  • the counter tumblers 30 also have a third, outer part 30a and a fourth, inner part 30b.
  • the fourth part 30b is guided in the first part 30a, which for this purpose is constructed in the shape of a sleeve with a continuous opening.
  • the dimensioning of this through opening is coordinated with the external dimensioning of the fourth part so that there is also a press fit between these parts.
  • the continuous opening of the third part 30a can be expanded outwards, so that, regardless of the position of the fourth part 30b, there is an opening 30d which is limited towards the bottom (in the arrangement according to Fig. 28 a circumferential groove) results in which a helical spring of the type described above can engage, which rests on the outside on an inner surface of a housing surrounding the stator of the type also already described above.
  • the fourth part itself is also sleeve-shaped, with an inner opening 30c running through in the direction of the bore axis.
  • This configuration is optional and in embodiments serves the purpose of Programming a “Master Key System” (MKS), which is explained in more detail below.
  • MKS Master Key System
  • a separation arrangement 40 is present between the first part 2a and the third part 30a.
  • This has a plurality of separation elements 41, 42, 43, between which a separating joint is formed.
  • the thickness of the separation elements corresponds to the difference provided in the entire locking system between two adjacent possible coding depths of coding bores of the key (which is designed here as a flat key/reversible key; if the invention is carried out with a serrated key, the thickness corresponds to the distance between two neighboring possible coding levels of the spike profile).
  • the separation elements can be fixed both relative to the second part 2b and relative to the fourth part 30b, here also by means of a press fit, in that they have a continuous opening whose inside diameter corresponds to the outside diameter of the first and fourth parts. Accordingly, after programming, the separation elements can be used for guard locking or counter-locking purposes.
  • the separation elements 41, 42, 43 are designed as perforated disks. Alternatively, they can also initially form a one-piece element with predetermined separation points corresponding to the separation joints. Other geometries, such as slotted rings, are also possible; Also not excluded is an inside-outside swap (ie the second and fourth parts are each sleeve-shaped, and the first and third parts as well as the separation arrangement are guided in these sleeves), whereby in the latter case there are openings for the mandrels of the tool in the (in Figures 20 ff. (not shown) housing must be adapted if necessary and can, for example, be designed in a crescent shape.
  • Fig. 21 shows the lock cylinder Fig. 20 after inserting a key 10.
  • the tumbler-counter tumbler pairs are shifted outwards to varying degrees according to the coding of the key, against the spring force of the springs not shown.
  • the lock cylinder is ready to be programmed according to the coding of the inserted key 10.
  • Fig. 22 shows the programming.
  • a tool 9 with thorns 9a designed analogously to the tool described above, is positioned relative to the locking cylinder in such a way that the thorns 9a protrude into the bore, and then pressed against the cylinder until a stop surface 9b rests on a corresponding stop surface of the cylinder (in Fig. 22 formed by the outer surface of the stator; alternatively also through a surface of the housing (not shown).
  • the mandrels 9a act on the fourth part, which is pushed in further relative to the hole, unless this is due to a particularly deep coding hole in the key (as in Fig. 21 At position P1) it sits so deep in the hole that the corresponding mandrel 9a cannot even reach it.
  • the fourth part 30b is displaced inwards relative to the third part by the pressing force and thereby presses the second part inwards relative to the first part. Due to the contact with the key 10 or the separation arrangement 40, the first and third parts are prevented from shifting inwards.
  • the length of the mandrels 9a is matched to the dimension of the fourth part so that when the tool is pushed in as far as it will go, the parting line between the second and the fourth part - which forms the parting line between the tumbler and the counter-tumbler - is on the The joint between the rotor and stator is aligned, which is what you see in Fig. 22 looks good. Since at every coding depth of the coding hole there is a parting line between the separation arrangement 40 and the first 2a or the third part 30b or between elements 41, 42, 43 of the separation arrangement, this is both a sufficient and necessary condition for that if the key 10 is introduced, the rotor 5 can be rotated relative to the stator 6.
  • Fig. 22 Two tools 9 are drawn, one for each of the coding series shown. However, it is also natural to work with just one tool even when there are several rows, as is usually the case with flat wrenches; the tool is then used sequentially to program the different rows.
  • the housing surrounding the stator (e.g. sleeve; in Figs. 20-27 not shown) per hole in the stator has an opening aligned with it, which has a smaller diameter than the hole but a larger diameter than the respective mandrel of the tool, so that a stop surface for the coil spring is formed and the mandrel still passes through this opening can act on the fourth part 30b.
  • the diameter of the mandrel may be larger than the diameter of the inner opening 30c of the fourth part 30b, but it is smaller than the diameter of the coil spring and the fourth part 30b.
  • Fig. 23 shows the programmed locking cylinder after removing the key 10. So that the locking cylinder can be activated by rotating the rotor 5, the key 10 or a key of identical design must be inserted so that all joints between the second and fourth elements are positioned accordingly.
  • MKS systems Systems with locking cylinders that can be opened with several different keys are called MKS systems. Below are based on the Figures 24-27 Two options are presented, which - in addition to the trivial solution of simply omitting tumbler-counter-locking pairs - make locking cylinders according to the invention also suitable for MKS systems.
  • Fig. 24 shows a lock cylinder that in the initial configuration is similar to that of Fig. 20 corresponds to during programming, in a set-up analogous to Fig. 22 .
  • the tool 9 has a more complex structure.
  • the thorns 9a it has a plurality of programming pins 90, which are guided through the tool coaxially with the tumbler and counter-tumbler bores and can be guided through the inner opening 30c of the fourth part 30b as well as through the inner opening of the separation arrangement 40 and so directly can act on the second part 2b.
  • the tool 9 is equipped with a programming pin 90 per mandrel, but this is optional: if it is known from the outset at which position the tumbler-counter-tumbler pair should have several separating joints, it can only be equipped at those positions .
  • the functions of the mandrels 9a and the programming pins 90 can also be implemented by two different tools that are applied one after the other, or the same tool can be used twice in a row, once without programming pins and once with programming pins.
  • the programming pins 90 are adjustable (in the illustrated embodiment relative to the body and the thorns 9a of the tool) so that they protrude into the holes at different distances and, when guiding the tool up to the stop 9b, push the second parts 2b inwards at different distances. In particular, it can push a second part 2b further inwards than it was pushed by the fourth part 30b through the action of the mandrel 9a, so that in this case the second part lies at a defined distance from the fourth part. You can also see that in Fig. 25 good, which shows the situation after removing the tool 9 and removing the key.
  • the distance at position P1 is, for example, two units (one unit is the difference between two adjacent possible defined coding depths of coding holes of the key, corresponding to the distance between two adjacent parting lines of the separation arrangement 40, here corresponding to the thickness of one of the separation elements 41, 42, 43), at position P5 three units, at position P3 one unit, and at positions P2 and P4 there is no distance at all.
  • the separation elements in the gap can either remain in the bore of the tumbler or the counter-tumbler when the rotor is rotated relative to the stator - similar to a so-called "split pin" as is known in conventional mechanical locking systems with MKS function.
  • the number of joints per locking-counter-locking pair is a+1, where a is the distance, measured in the units mentioned.
  • a locking cylinder which has at least one tumbler-counter-tumbler pair which has a plurality of separating joints, as is required for locking systems with an MKS function.
  • Fig. 26 shows an alternative approach, in which individual of the tumbler-counter-tumbler pairs - in the example shown, the two pairs are on the very inside in relation to the key opening, ie on the very left in the representation of Fig. 26 - not programmable, but as pairs of conventional tumblers 22 and Counter-tumblers 23, with a split pin 24 in between, are formed.
  • the split pin 24 - or at most several split pins per pair of holes - can, as is known per se, be formed in different thicknesses and thus have different parting lines corresponding to defined coding depths of the corresponding hole on the key.
  • the structure and programming of the remaining tumbler/counter tumbler pairs is as follows Figs. 20-23 described.
  • Fig. 27 shows lock cylinder 1 after programming.
  • the choice of coding of the key for a lock cylinder is according to Fig. 26 and 27 not freely selectable; Rather, the codings are specified at the positions of the conventional tumbler-counter-locking pairs, which are generally already equipped by the cylinder manufacturer, whereby, as is known from MKS systems, several different codings fit - depending on the tumbler, counter-tumbler and split pin(s) selected.
  • the conventional MKS tumbler-counter-locking pairs can optionally be identical for all locking cylinders in a series of locking cylinders and can therefore also be delivered as generic cylinders, but offer an MKS function due to their design.
  • a first alternative to a press fit is, for example, a locking system according to which the second part can lock relative to the first part and/or optionally the fourth part relative to the third part at a plurality of defined positions.
  • the second part can have a small circumferential rib or at least one locking projection, which can lock into one of several corresponding grooves or locking openings in the first part; The same applies optionally to the fourth part and the third part.
  • a second alternative to press fitting is gluing, in which case a small amount of adhesive is then introduced between the first and second parts and/or between the third and fourth parts before programming, and in which the tool is only removed after the adhesive has hardened.

Landscapes

  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
EP23175689.1A 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable Active EP4234853B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00321/15A CH710832A1 (de) 2015-03-09 2015-03-09 Programmierbarer Schliesszylinder.
PCT/CH2016/000044 WO2016141496A1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable
EP16709960.5A EP3268559B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16709960.5A Division EP3268559B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable
EP16709960.5A Division-Into EP3268559B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable

Publications (5)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4234853A2 EP4234853A2 (fr) 2023-08-30
EP4234853A3 EP4234853A3 (fr) 2023-10-25
EP4234853A9 true EP4234853A9 (fr) 2023-11-01
EP4234853B1 EP4234853B1 (fr) 2025-01-22
EP4234853C0 EP4234853C0 (fr) 2025-01-22

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EP23175689.1A Active EP4234853B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable
EP16709960.5A Active EP3268559B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2016-03-09 Cylindre de fermeture programmable

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Country Status (12)

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US (1) US10487540B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP4234853B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6814152B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN107438691B (fr)
AU (1) AU2016228881B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112017019231B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2977694C (fr)
CH (1) CH710832A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1243753A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2017011474A (fr)
RU (1) RU2017132525A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016141496A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH715834A1 (de) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-14 Dormakaba Schweiz Ag Programmierbarer Schliesszylinder.
CH719611A1 (de) * 2022-04-14 2023-10-31 Dormakaba Schweiz Ag Schlüsselelement, Schliesszylinder, Schliesssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schlüsselelements.

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US2194469A (en) 1935-04-04 1940-03-26 Jules A Fremon Pin tumbler lock
US2232017A (en) 1935-12-28 1941-02-18 Yale & Towne Mfg Co Lock
US2232137A (en) * 1937-07-01 1941-02-18 Yale & Towne Mfg Co Cylinder lock
US3175379A (en) * 1962-06-01 1965-03-30 Russell Construction master key system
US3190093A (en) * 1963-02-07 1965-06-22 Schlage Lock Co Pin tumbler cylinder and key system
US3320781A (en) * 1964-08-28 1967-05-23 Lewis J Hill Key operated locks
US3589153A (en) * 1970-02-16 1971-06-29 Lewis J Hill Key operated lock
US3667262A (en) * 1971-01-11 1972-06-06 Lewis J Hill Key operated lock
JPS5033099A (fr) * 1973-08-02 1975-03-31
EP0113361A1 (fr) * 1982-07-01 1984-07-18 Whitco Pty. Ltd. Serrures a mentonnet
US5233850A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-08-10 Marc Schroeder Rekeyable lock system
US5187957A (en) * 1992-05-07 1993-02-23 Yang Cherng Lin Pin tumbler locking mechanism
US6776017B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2004-08-17 Ez Change Lock Company, Llc Adaptable radial tumbler lock
CN1774553B (zh) * 2003-03-04 2014-07-02 威克赛特公司 具有可调销长的可重配钥匙的锁柱组件
US7162901B2 (en) * 2004-04-01 2007-01-16 Newfrey Llc Variable shear line lock cylinder
FR2887548B1 (fr) 2005-06-27 2007-09-21 Sanofi Aventis Sa Derives de 4,5-diarylpyrrole, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique
US20070100557A1 (en) 2005-10-24 2007-05-03 Yi Zhang Selection of genotyped transfusion donors by cross-matching to genotyped recipients
JP2007247336A (ja) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-27 Nec Corp 可変式ピンシリンダ錠及びシリンダ番号の変更方法
MX2009013492A (es) * 2007-06-13 2010-01-18 Schlage Lock Co Ensamble de cilindro de cerradura programable.
US7624606B1 (en) * 2008-05-07 2009-12-01 Taiwan Fu Hsing Industrial Co., Ltd. Rekeyable lock cylinder, plug assembly of the same and method for rekeying the same
EP2228507A1 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-15 Poul Sloth ApS Système de verrouillage à goupille et goupille de barillet pour un tel système
SE537246C2 (sv) 2013-03-20 2015-03-17 Winloc Ag Cylinderlås- och nyckelkombination med dubbelt tillhållaraggregat i låset
US10287799B2 (en) * 2015-06-10 2019-05-14 Rav Bariach (08) Industries Ltd. Lock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2016228881B2 (en) 2021-05-06
EP3268559A1 (fr) 2018-01-17
MX2017011474A (es) 2018-04-24
JP6814152B2 (ja) 2021-01-13
CH710832A1 (de) 2016-09-15
EP4234853A2 (fr) 2023-08-30
WO2016141496A1 (fr) 2016-09-15
US20180058100A1 (en) 2018-03-01
JP2018507970A (ja) 2018-03-22
RU2017132525A3 (fr) 2019-05-31
CN107438691B (zh) 2019-11-01
AU2016228881A1 (en) 2017-08-10
US10487540B2 (en) 2019-11-26
CN107438691A (zh) 2017-12-05
EP4234853B1 (fr) 2025-01-22
BR112017019231A2 (pt) 2018-04-24
CA2977694C (fr) 2023-06-20
EP4234853A3 (fr) 2023-10-25
BR112017019231B1 (pt) 2022-10-11
CA2977694A1 (fr) 2016-09-15
EP3268559B1 (fr) 2024-12-11
RU2017132525A (ru) 2019-04-10
EP4234853C0 (fr) 2025-01-22
HK1243753A1 (zh) 2018-07-20
EP3268559C0 (fr) 2024-12-11

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