EP4259628A2 - Materialien für organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen - Google Patents
Materialien für organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4259628A2 EP4259628A2 EP21823581.0A EP21823581A EP4259628A2 EP 4259628 A2 EP4259628 A2 EP 4259628A2 EP 21823581 A EP21823581 A EP 21823581A EP 4259628 A2 EP4259628 A2 EP 4259628A2
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- C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D513/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
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- C07D513/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to materials for use in electronic devices, in particular in organic electroluminescent devices, and electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices containing these materials.
- OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
- phosphorescent organometallic complexes are frequently used as emitting materials.
- OLEDs organic electroluminescent devices
- the properties of phosphorescent OLEDs are not only determined by the triplet emitters used.
- the other materials used, such as matrix materials, are also of particular importance here. Improvements in these materials can therefore also lead to improvements in the OLED properties.
- suitable matrix materials for OLEDs are aromatic lactams, such as e.g. in WO 2011/116865, WO 2011/137951, WO 2013/064206 or KR 2015-037703.
- the object of the present invention is to provide compounds which are suitable for use in an OLED, in particular as matrix material for phosphorescent emitters or as electron transport materials, and lead to good properties there.
- the present invention relates to a compound of the formula (1),
- X are identical or different on each occurrence CR or N, where two adjacent groups X stand for a group of the following formulas (2), (3) or (4), and the further symbol X stands for CR or N,
- Y is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a SiR 2 , BAr, C ⁇ O, O or S;
- Y 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, NR, NAr, SiR 2 , BAr, CR 2 , C ⁇ O, O or S;
- Q, W is identical or different on each occurrence, N or CR;
- Z is 0 or S, preferably 0;
- Ar is identical or different on each occurrence and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R radicals;
- An aryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms; a heteroaryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, 0 and/or S.
- An aryl group or heteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, i.e.
- benzene or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc ., or a fused (fused) aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc. understood.
- aromatics linked to one another by a single bond such as biphenyl, are not referred to as aryl or heteroaryl groups, but as aromatic ring systems.
- An aromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the ring system.
- a heteroaromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 2 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5 results.
- the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S.
- An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily only contain aryl or heteroaryl groups, but also in which several aryl or heteroaryl groups a non-aromatic moiety such as B.
- a C, N or O atom may be connected.
- systems are to be understood here in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, such as, for. B. biphenyl, terphenyl, bipyridine or phenylpyridine.
- systems such as fluorene, 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc. should also be understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention, and likewise Systems in which two or more aryl groups are linked, for example, by a short alkyl group.
- Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems are simple aryl or heteroaryl groups and groups in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, for example biphenyl or bipyridine, and also fluorene or spirobifluorene.
- An electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system is characterized in that it is a heteroaromatic ring system that does not contain any electron-deficient heteroaryl groups.
- An electron-deficient heteroaryl group is a six-membered-membered heteroaryl group containing at least one nitrogen atom or a five-membered-membered heteroaryl group containing at least two heteroatoms, one of which is a nitrogen atom and the other is oxygen, sulfur or a substituted nitrogen atom, to which groups further aryl or heteroaryl are attached - Groups can be condensed.
- electron-rich heteroaryl groups are five-membered-membered heteroaryl groups with exactly one heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or substituted nitrogen, to which further aryl groups and/or further electron-rich five-membered-membered heteroaryl groups can be fused.
- electron-rich heteroaryl groups are pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene or indenocarbazole.
- alkyl group is used as a generic term both for linear or branched alkyl groups and for cyclic alkyl groups.
- alkenyl group and alkynyl group are used as generic terms both for linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl groups and for cyclic alkinyl I groups.
- an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group which can contain 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and which also contains individual H atoms or CH 2 groups, are represented by the groups mentioned above can be substituted, preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i- propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, neo-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, neo-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, Cyclo-heptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl,
- An alkoxy group OR 1 having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferably methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, s- Pentoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-hexoxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptoxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-octyloxy, cyclooctyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy understood.
- a thioalkyl group SR 1 having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is, in particular, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n-hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2- trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, cyclopenten
- alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention can be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, it being possible for one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups to be replaced by the groups mentioned above; furthermore, one or more H atoms can also be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO 2 , preferably F, Cl or CN, particularly preferably F or CN.
- the above formulation should also be understood to mean that if one of the two radicals is hydrogen, the second radical is attached to the position, forming a ring, to which the hydrogen atom was bonded. This should be illustrated by the following scheme:
- At least one group R is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms or is NAr2, and/or at least one Ar group is present.
- each of these groups X stands for a C which corresponds to the positions marked with * in formulas (2), ( 3) or (4).
- formula (2) therefore, there results a five-membered ring fused to formula (1), which is formed from the two groups X and formula (2).
- formula (3) therefore, there is a six-membered ring fused to formula (1), which is formed from the two groups X and formula (3).
- formula (4) therefore, there results a five-membered ring fused to formula (1), which is formed from the two groups X and formula (4).
- the two groups X adjacent to the C ⁇ Z group in formula (1) are a group of the formula (2), (3) or (4).
- a maximum of two Q symbols per cycle stand for N, particularly preferably a maximum of one Q symbol.
- a maximum of two W symbols per cycle stand for N, particularly preferably a maximum of one W symbol.
- W is CR.
- X insofar as it represents CR or N, represents N.
- the two groups adjacent to the C ⁇ Z group are in the formulas (5) to (9).
- X is C, and formula (2), (3) or (4) is attached at these positions.
- the compound is selected from compounds of the formulas (15) to (21):
- a maximum of 3 groups R in the formulas (15) to (21) are not H or D, preferably a maximum of 2 groups R.
- the compound in the case of a compound of the formula (17), is selected from a compound of the formulas (17-1): where the symbols used have the meanings given above.
- Y is C ⁇ O, O or S, particularly preferably C ⁇ O or S.
- Y 1 is identical or different for C ⁇ O, CR 2 , NR, NAr, 0 or S, particularly preferably C ⁇ O, S, 0 or NAr, very particularly preferably for S, NAr or 0.
- Y is C ⁇ O, 0 or S and Y 1 is C ⁇ O, NR, NAr, 0 or S, preferably Y is C ⁇ O or S and Y 1 is C ⁇ O, NAr, 0 or S
- the further group X which is not bound into a group of the formula (2), (3) or (4), is N and Y is C ⁇ O, S or 0, preferably S or 0, very particularly S, especially in the case of a compound of formula (17) or its preferred embodiments.
- two adjacent Xs are a group of the formula (3), and Y is 0 or S, and at least one radical R is an aromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms.
- Ar is an aromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R radicals, or a heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more radicals R may be substituted.
- Ar is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more, preferably non-aromatic, radicals R.
- Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar are selected identically or differently on each occurrence from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quater- phenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- - or 4-position can be linked, naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, Dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, inde
- Ar when they represent a heteroaromatic ring system are selected from the group consisting of pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, quinazoline or benzimidazole or a combination of these groups with one of the groups mentioned above. If Ar is a heteroaryl group, in particular triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline or carbazole, preference may also be given to aromatic or heteroaromatic radicals R on this heteroaryl group.
- Ar stands for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the groups of the following formulas Ar-1 to Ar-76,
- Ar 3 is a divalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can each be substituted by one or more R radicals;
- Ar 2 is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, which may be substituted with one or more R radicals;
- m is not 0 when the group is bonded to a nitrogen atom, more preferably m is only 1 when the bond is to a carbon atom.
- R is selected the same or different on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, D, F, N(R 1 ) 2 , CN, OR 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group with 1 to 10 C- Atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkyl or alkenyl group can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , but is preferably unsubstituted , and where one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups can be replaced by 0, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, each of which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 ; two radicals R can also form an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with one another.
- R is particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H, N(R 1 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where each alkyl group may be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each of which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 .
- R is very particularly preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each of which is replaced by one or more radicals R 2 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 , may be substituted. Furthermore, it can be preferred if R is a triaryl or -heteroarylamine group which can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 . This group is an embodiment of an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, in which case several aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked to one another through a nitrogen atom.
- R is a triaryl or -heteroarylamine group, this group preferably has 18 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and can be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 , preferably non-aromatic radicals R 1 . At least one radical R is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system.
- Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems R are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta-, para- or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, in particular ortho-, meta- , para- or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, spirobifluorene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position , Naphthalene, which can be linked via the 1- or 2-position, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzofuran, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, dibenzothiophene, which can be linked via the 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyr
- the groups R are preferably selected from the groups of the following formulas R-1 to R-76,
- R 1 has the meanings given above, the dashed bond represents the bond to a carbon atom of the basic structure in formula (1) and (2), (3) or (4) or in the preferred embodiments and the following also applies:
- Ar 3 is identical or different on each occurrence and is a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals;
- the substituent R 1 which is bonded to the nitrogen atom is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more R 2 radicals.
- this substituent R 1 is identical or different on each occurrence for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably having 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, which has no fused aryl groups or heteroaryl groups, in which two or more aromatic or heteroaromatic 6-ring groups are fused directly to one another, and which can each also be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 .
- phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and quaterphenyl with linkage patterns as listed above for Ar-1 to Ar-11 or R-1 to R-11, it being possible for these structures to be substituted by one or more R 2 radicals, but this is preferred are unsubstituted.
- the substituents R 1 bonded to this carbon atom are preferably identical or different on each occurrence and are a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms or for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 .
- R 1 very particularly preferably represents a methyl group or a phenyl group.
- the radicals R 1 can also form a ring system with one another, which leads to a spiro system.
- the substituents R which are bonded to this carbon atom are preferably identical or different on each occurrence for a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or for a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or for an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5 to 24 aromatic matic ring atoms, preferably having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more radicals R 1 .
- these substituents R are a methyl group or a phenyl group.
- the radicals R can also form a ring system with one another, which leads to a spiro system.
- At least one radical R is an electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system.
- the electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups R-13 to R-42 shown above, with the groups R-13 to R-16, R-18 to R-20, R-22 to R-24, R -27 to R-29, R-31 to R-33 and R-35 to R-37 at least one group A 1 is NR 1 , where R 1 is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system, in particular an aromatic ring system.
- At least one radical R is an electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system.
- the electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups R-47 to R-50, R-57, R-58 and R-76 shown above.
- At least one radical Ar represents an electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system.
- the electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups Ar-13 to Ar-42 shown above, with the groups Ar-13 to Ar-16, Ar-18 to Ar-20, Ar-22 to Ar-24, Ar -27 to Ar-29, Ar-31 to Ar-33 and Ar-35 to Ar-37 preferably at least one group A 1 is NAr 2 , where Ar 2 is preferably an aromatic ring system.
- At least one radical Ar stands for an electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system.
- the electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system is preferably selected from the groups Ar-47 to Ar-50, Ar-57, Ar-58 and Ar-76 shown above.
- R 1 is the same or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, OR 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkyl or alkenyl group can be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 and where one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups are replaced by 0 can be replaced, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can each be substituted by one or more radicals R 2 ; two or more radicals R 1 can form an aliphatic ring system with one another.
- R 1 is identical or different on each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or one branched or cyclic alkyl group with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group can be substituted with one or more radicals R 2 , but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, particularly preferably with 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R 2 radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted.
- R 2 is the same or different on each occurrence of H, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which is linked to an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Atoms may be substituted, but is preferably unsubstituted.
- the alkyl groups in compounds according to the invention which are processed by vacuum evaporation preferably have no more than five carbon atoms, particularly preferably no more than 4 carbon atoms, very particularly preferably no more than 1 carbon atom.
- the compounds of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter or in a layer which is directly adjacent to a phosphorescent layer, it is also preferred if the compound does not contain any Contains fused aryl or heteroaryl groups in which more than two six-membered rings are fused directly to one another.
- the radicals Ar, R, R 1 and R 2 do not contain any fused aryl or heteroaryl groups in which two or more six-membered rings are fused directly to one another. Exceptions to this are phenanthrene, triphenylene, quinazoline and quinoxaline, which can be preferred due to their high triplet energy despite the presence of fused aromatic six-membered rings.
- Scheme 6 shows the synthesis of compounds from formula (1) and formula (2).
- the basic structure of the formula (1) is first built up by cyclizations.
- the synthesis of the backbone is known in the literature.
- the mode of reaction may depend on which group of formula (2), (3) or (4) is to be present.
- the group of formula (2) also only a basic structure according to formula (1) are built up, to which the group of formula (2) is introduced via cyclization. If the basic structure is substituted by a reactive leaving group, such as chlorine or bromine, this can be replaced by other substituents in a subsequent reaction, for example by aromatic or heteroaromatic substituents R in a Suzuki coupling reaction.
- a reactive leaving group such as chlorine or bromine
- a further subject matter of the present invention is therefore a process for preparing the compounds according to the invention, comprising cyclization reactions and/or coupling reactions.
- Formulations of the compounds according to the invention are required for the processing of the compounds according to the invention from the liquid phase, for example by spin coating or by printing processes. These formulations can be, for example, solutions, dispersions or emulsions. It may be preferable to use mixtures of two or more solvents for this.
- Suitable and preferred solvents are toluene, anisole, o-, m- or p-xylene, methyl benzoate, mesitylene, tetralin, veratrol, THF, methyl THF, THP, chlorobenzene, dioxane, phenoxytoluene, especially 3-phenoxytoluene , (-)-fenchone, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylbenzothiazole, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-pyrrolidinone, 3-methylanisole, 4 -Methylanisole, 3,4-dimethylanisole, 3,5-dimethylanisole, acetophenone, a-terpineol, benzothiazole, butyl benzoate, cumene, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene, decalin, do
- a further subject of the present invention is therefore a formulation containing at least one compound according to the invention and at least one further compound.
- the further compound can be a solvent, for example, in particular one of the abovementioned solvents or a mixture of these solvents.
- the further compound can also be at least one further organic or inorganic compound which is also used in the electronic device, for example an emitting compound and/or a further matrix material. Suitable emitting compounds and other matrix materials are described below in connection with of the organic electroluminescent device. This further connection can also be polymeric.
- the compounds according to the invention are suitable for use in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
- a further subject matter of the present invention is therefore the use of a compound according to the invention in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device.
- Yet another subject matter of the present invention is an electronic device containing at least one connection according to the invention.
- An electronic device within the meaning of the present invention is a device which contains at least one layer which contains at least one organic compound.
- the component can also contain inorganic materials or also layers that are made up entirely of inorganic materials.
- the electronic device is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting transistors ( O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), dye-sensitized organic solar cells (DSSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). ), organic laser diodes (O-lasers) and organic plasmon emitting devices, but preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), particularly preferably phosphorescent OLEDs.
- O-ICs organic integrated circuits
- O-FETs organic field effect transistors
- OF-TFTs organic thin-film transistors
- O-LETs organic light-emitting transistors
- O-SCs organic solar cells
- DSSCs dye-sensitized
- the organic electroluminescent device contains cathode, anode and at least one emitting layer. In addition to these layers, it can also contain further layers, for example one or more hole-injection layers, hole-transport layers, hole-blocking layers, electron-transport layers, electron-injection layers, exciton-blocking layers, electron-blocking layers and/or charge-generation layers. Likewise, interlayers can be introduced between two emitting layers, which have an exciton-blocking function, for example. However, it should be pointed out that each of these layers does not necessarily have to be present. In this case, the organic electroluminescent device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers.
- a plurality of emission layers are present, these preferably have a total of a plurality of emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, resulting in white emission overall, ie different emitting compounds which can fluoresce or phosphorescence are used in the emitting layers.
- Systems with three emitting layers are particularly preferred, with the three layers showing blue, green and orange or red emission.
- the organic electroluminescence device according to the invention can also be a tandem OLED, in particular for white-emitting OLEDs.
- the compound according to the invention according to the embodiments listed above can be used in different layers, depending on the precise structure. Preference is given to an organic electroluminescent device containing a compound of the formula (1) or the preferred embodiments detailed above in an emitting layer as matrix material for phosphorescent emitters or for emitters which exhibit TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence), in particular for phosphorescent emitters .
- the organic electroluminescence device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers, with at least one emitting layer containing at least one compound according to the invention as matrix material.
- the compound according to the invention can also be in an electron transport layer and/or in a hole blocking layer and/or in a hole transport layer and/or in an exciton blocking layer.
- the compound according to the invention is used as matrix material for a phosphorescent compound in an emitting layer, it is preferably used in combination with one or more phosphorescent materials (triplet emitters).
- Phosphorescence within the meaning of this invention is understood as meaning luminescence from an excited state with a higher spin multiplicity, ie a spin state>1, in particular from an excited triplet state.
- all luminescent complexes with transition metals or lanthanides, in particular all iridium, platinum and copper complexes are to be regarded as phosphorescent compounds.
- the mixture of the compound according to the invention and the emitting compound contains between 99 and 1% by volume, preferably between 98 and 10% by volume, particularly preferably between 97 and 60% by volume, in particular between 95 and 80% by volume. -% of the compound according to the invention based on the total mixture of emitter and matrix material.
- the mixture contains between 1 and 99% by volume, preferably between 2 and 90% by volume, particularly preferably between 3 and 40% by volume, in particular between 5 and 20% by volume, of the emitter, based on the total mixture emitter and matrix material.
- a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is the use of the compound according to the invention as a matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter in combination with a further matrix material.
- Suitable matrix materials which can be used in combination with the compounds according to the invention are aromatic ketones, aromatic phosphine oxides or aromatic sulfoxides or sulfones, e.g. B. according to WO 2004/013080, WO 2004/093207, WO 2006/005627 or WO 2010/006680, triarylamines, carbazole derivatives, z.
- CBP N,N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl
- WO 2005/039246 US 2005/0069729, JP 2004/288381
- EP 1205527 WO 2008/086851 or WO 2013/041176
- indolocarbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to WO 2007/063754 or WO 2008/056746
- indenocarbazole derivatives z. B. according to WO 2010/136109, WO 2011 Z000455, WO 2013/041176 or WO 2013/056776
- azacarbazole derivatives e.g. B. according to EP 1617710, EP 1617711, EP 1731584, JP 2005/347160, bipolar matrix materials, z.
- WO 2010/054730 bridged carbazole derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2011/042107, WO 2011/060867, WO 2011/088877 and WO 2012/143080, triphenylene derivatives, z. B. according to WO 2012/048781, or dibenzofuran derivatives, z. according to WO 2015/169412, WO 2016/015810, WO 2016/023608, WO 2017/148564 or WO 2017/148565.
- another phosphorescent emitter which emits at a shorter wavelength than the actual emitter, can be present as a co-host in the mixture, or a compound that does not participate, or does not participate to a significant extent, in charge transport, as described, for example, in WO 2010/108579.
- the materials are used in combination with another matrix material.
- Preferred co-matrix materials especially when the compound according to the invention is substituted with an electron-poor heteroaromatic ring system, are selected from the group consisting of biscarbazoles, bridged carbazoles, triarylamines, dibenzofuran-carbazole derivatives and dibenzofuran-amine -Derivatives and the carbazolamines.
- Preferred biscarbazoles are the structures of the following formulas (22) and (23),
- Ar and A 1 have the meanings given above in the case of Ar and R has the meanings given above.
- a 1 is CR 2 .
- Preferred bridged carbazoles are the structures of the following formula (24), where A 1 and R have the meanings given above and A 1 is preferably selected identically or differently on each occurrence from the group consisting of NAr 2 and CR 2 .
- Preferred dibenzofuran derivatives are the compounds of the following formula (25), where the oxygen can also be replaced by sulfur, so that a dibenzothiophene is formed, L is a single bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can also be substituted by one or more R radicals, and R and Ar have the meanings given above.
- the two groups Ar that bind to the same nitrogen atom, or a group Ar and a group L that bind to the same Bond nitrogen atom can also be connected to each other, for example to form a carbazole.
- Preferred carbazole amines have the structures of the following formulas
- L is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted by one or more R radicals, and R and Ar have the meanings given above.
- Preferred co-matrix materials especially when the compound according to the invention is substituted with an electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system, for example a carbazole group, are also selected from the group consisting of triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and quinazoline derivatives.
- Preferred triazine-quinazoline or pyrimidine derivatives which can be used as a mixture together with the compounds according to the invention are the compounds of the following formulas (29), (30), (31) and (32),
- the triazine derivatives of the formula (29) and the quinoxaline derivatives of the formula (32), in particular the triazine derivatives of the formula (29), are particularly preferred.
- Ar in the formulas (29), (30), (31) and (32) is identical or different on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, in particular having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R radicals.
- Suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar are the same as those listed above as embodiments for Ar, in particular the structures Ar-1 to Ar-76.
- Particularly suitable phosphorescent compounds are compounds which, when suitably excited, emit light, preferably in the visible range, and also at least one atom with an atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80 included, in particular a metal with this atomic number.
- the phosphorescence emitters used are preferably compounds which contain copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, in particular compounds which contain iridium or platinum.
- WO 00/70655 WO 2001/41512, WO 2002/02714, WO 2002/15645, EP 1191613, EP 1191612, EP 1191614, WO 05/033244, WO 05/019373, US 2005/0258742, WO 2009/146770, WO 2010/015307, WO 2010/031485, WO 2010/054731, WO 2010/031485, WO 2010/054731 WO 2010/099852, WO 2010/102709, WO 2011/032626, WO 2011/066898, WO 2011/157339, WO 2012/007086, WO 2014/008982, WO 2014/023377, WO 2014/023377, WO 2014/4, /094960, WO
- an organic electroluminescence device characterized in that one or more layers are coated using a sublimation process.
- the materials are vapour-deposited in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of less than 10 -5 mbar, preferably less than 10 -6 mbar. However, it is also possible for the initial pressure to be even lower, for example less than 10 -7 mbar.
- An organic electroluminescent device is also preferred, characterized in that one or more layers are coated using the OVPD (organic vapor phase deposition) method or with the aid of carrier gas sublimation.
- a special case of this process is the OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and thus structured.
- an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such as. B. by spin coating, or with any printing method, such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
- any printing method such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
- Hybrid processes are also possible, in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are vapor-deposited.
- the compounds according to the invention and the organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention are distinguished by one or more of the following properties:
- the compounds according to the invention used as matrix material for phosphorescent emitters, lead to long lifetimes.
- the compounds according to the invention lead to high efficiencies, in particular to a high EQE. This applies in particular when the compounds are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter. 3.
- the connections according to the invention lead to low operating voltages. This applies in particular when the compounds are used as matrix material for a phosphorescent emitter.
- the reaction mixture is stirred at reflux for 24 hours. After cooling, the organic phase is separated, washed three times with 200 ml of water, dried over MgSC, filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel (mobile phase: DCM/heptane (1:3)). The residue is extracted hot with toluene and recrystallized from toluene/n-heptane and finally sublimed under high vacuum. The yield is 26.2 g (39 mmol), corresponding to 88% of theory.
- the OLEDs have the following layer structure: substrate / optional interlayer (IL) / hole injection layer (HIL) / hole transport layer (HTL) / electron blocking layer (EBL) / emission layer (EML) / optional hole blocking layer (HBL) / electron transport layer (ETL) / optional electron injection layer (EIL ) and finally a cathode.
- the cathode is formed by a 100 nm thick aluminum layer.
- Table 1 The precise structure of the OLEDs can be found in Table 1.
- the materials required to produce the OLEDs are shown in Table 2.
- the data of the OLEDs are listed in Table 3.
- the emission layer always consists of at least one matrix material (host material, host material) and an emitting dopant (dopant, emitter), which is added to the matrix material or matrix materials by co-evaporation in a certain proportion by volume.
- a specification such as EG1 :IC2:TER5 (55%:35%:10%) means that the material EG1 accounts for 55% by volume, IC2 for 35% by volume and TER5 for 10% by volume in the layer present.
- the electron transport layer can also consist of a mixture of two materials.
- the OLEDs are characterized by default.
- the electroluminescence spectra, the current efficiency (SE, measured in cd/A) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE, measured in %) as a function of the luminance, calculated from current-voltage-luminance curves assuming a Lambertian radiation characteristic, as well as the service life definitely.
- the electroluminescence spectra are determined at a luminance of 1000 cd/m 2 and the CIE 1931 x and y color coordinates are calculated therefrom.
- the specification U1000 in Table 3 designates the voltage that is required for a luminance of 1000 cd/m 2 is needed.
- SE1000 and EQE1000 designate the current efficiency and the external quantum efficiency, respectively, which are achieved at 1000cd/m 2 .
- the service life LD is defined as the time after which the luminance drops from the initial luminance to a certain proportion L1 when operated with a constant current density jo.
- An indication of L1 95% in Table 3 means that the service life specified in column LD corresponds to the time after which the luminance falls to 95% of its initial value.
- a mixture of two host materials is usually used in the emission layer of OLEDs in order to achieve an optimal charge balance and thus very good performance data for the OLED.
- a reduction in the materials to be used is desirable.
- the use of only one host material in the emission layer is therefore advantageous.
- a good service life can be achieved with the use of the compound EG4 according to the invention with a lower triplet energy in Examples E20 to E21 as matrix material in the emission layer of red-phosphorescent OLEDs.
- the compounds according to the invention surprisingly have a longer service life and better voltage and efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
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| PCT/EP2021/084466 WO2022122682A2 (de) | 2020-12-10 | 2021-12-07 | Materialien für organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
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| CN112745321B (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-12-02 | 北京燕化集联光电技术有限公司 | 一种含吲哚并喹唑啉二酮结构的化合物及其应用 |
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-
2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202180081287.3A patent/CN116568690A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-07 US US18/039,988 patent/US20240057479A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-07 EP EP21823581.0A patent/EP4259628A2/de active Pending
- 2021-12-07 KR KR1020237022896A patent/KR20230118615A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-12-07 WO PCT/EP2021/084466 patent/WO2022122682A2/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022122682A2 (de) | 2022-06-16 |
| KR20230118615A (ko) | 2023-08-11 |
| CN116568690A (zh) | 2023-08-08 |
| WO2022122682A3 (de) | 2022-07-28 |
| US20240057479A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
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