Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
  • B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
  • B23K11/004—Welding of a small piece to a large or broad piece
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
  • B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
  • B23K11/004—Welding of a small piece to a large or broad piece
  • B23K11/0066—Riveting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
  • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
  • B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
  • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials

Definitions

• TITLE Insert intended for the assembly of two parts and assembly method using this insert.
• the present invention relates to an insert intended for the assembly of a part in a first material and another part in a second material by electric resistance welding, and an assembly method using this insert. It is known to produce assemblies of several parts by a spot welding technique.
• Spot welding, or electric resistance welding is an assembly solution which has the advantage of being economical and mechanically efficient, but which nevertheless remains limited to the assembly of two elements made of material of the same nature. , for example two steel sheets.
• multi-material assemblies respond to the issues of lightening vehicles, reducing energy consumption, improving dynamic behavior, structural reinforcement to meet safety requirements, or even reducing the number of components. involved in the manufacture of a vehicle.
• Patent document WO 2018/202999 describes a solder insert having thermal decoupling means.
• the thermal decoupling means make it possible to protect the first part from the heat released during the welding operation. It thus becomes possible to use a first part in a plastic or composite material.
• the invention aims to propose an insert making it possible to tension the part intended to receive this insert in order to carry out the assembly.
• the subject of the invention is an insert intended for the assembly by electric resistance welding of a first part and a second part, the insert comprising: a head part comprising a docking portion, intended to receive a welding electrode, a peripheral rim, intended to bear against the first part, a body part intended to extend through the first part, the part body having a distal end intended to be welded to the second part, characterized in that the docking portion is connected to the peripheral rim by connecting means configured to allow the translation of the docking portion and of the part of body with respect to the peripheral rim under the effect of a distal pressure exerted on the docking portion during the assembly operation of the first and second parts.
• the linking means allow the body part to move to the second part in order to initiate the welding operation.
• the insert according to the invention allows the peripheral rim to press against the first part before the body part presses against the second part. This contact via the peripheral rim effectively puts the first part under tension.
• end or distal part of a component or device is meant the part furthest from a welding electrode applied to the insert.
• distal direction is meant the direction of welding, from the insert towards the second piece to be welded
• proximal direction is meant the opposite direction, that is to say in the direction of the welding electrode. welding applied against a docking face of the insert.
• the connecting means comprise a connecting element forming a thinner zone between the docking portion and the peripheral rim.
• the connecting element is a frangible connecting element.
• the insert is one-piece.
• the connecting means delimit an opening, and the docking portion is force-fitted through this opening.
• the docking portion may be a separate part from the peripheral rim.
• the connecting means delimit an opening
• the insert comprises stops to block or limit the translation of the docking portion through this opening.
• the insert advantageously comprises thermal decoupling means interposed between the peripheral portion and the docking portion.
• the docking portion can advantageously comprise an electrically conductive material while the peripheral rim comprises a dielectric material.
• the docking portion and the body part extend orthogonally to the peripheral rim
• the insert comprises an axial stop member configured to block the peripheral rim against the first part after assembly.
• This characteristic makes it possible to increase the robustness of the assembly by preventing the separation of the docking portion and the peripheral portion in axial tension.
• the insert comprises a proximal cavity intended to receive the axial stop member after assembly.
• the peripheral flange comprises a protuberance, and a distal end of the body part is configured to be arranged recessed or at the level of this protuberance in an initial state prior to assembly.
• the protrusion includes a sharp distal edge.
• the invention also relates to a method for assembling a first part on a second part by means of an insert having all or part of the aforementioned characteristics, the assembly method comprising: a step of pressing the insert against the first part, via the peripheral rim; a step of positioning the body part against the second part, by moving the docking portion relative to the peripheral rim to drive this body part in the direction of the second part; a step of welding the distal end of the body part to the second part.
• the bearing may comprise a step of cutting out the first piece at the time of the bearing of the peripheral rim against this first piece.
• the positioning step may include the prior separation of the docking portion and the peripheral rim, and in particular the prior breaking of the frangible connecting element.
• the displacement of the docking portion relative to the peripheral rim, and if necessary their prior separation, can be carried out by applying a force distal to the docking portion, preferably by means of a welding electrode .
• the method comprises a final step of immobilizing the peripheral rim against the first part by means of an axial stop member.
• This step may include the formation of said axial stop member at the end of the welding operation.
• FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an insert according to one embodiment of the invention, in an initial state preceding a welding operation
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an insert according to one embodiment of the invention, in an initial state preceding a welding operation
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an insert according to one embodiment of the invention, in an initial state preceding a welding operation
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an insert according to one embodiment of the invention, in an initial state prior to a welding operation
• FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an insert according to one embodiment of the invention, in a final state after a welding operation.
• the invention relates to an insert 1 intended for the assembly of a first part 2 and a second part 3, by electric resistance welding.
• the upper and lower parts can be in the form of two sheets arranged one against the other as shown in the figures.
• the first part 2 comprises a first material and the second part 3 comprises a second material that is electrically conductive and can be distinct from the first material.
• the first material can be a plastic or composite material.
• the second material can be metal, for example steel.
• the insert 1 comprises a head part 4 having a docking portion 7 intended to receive a welding electrode and a peripheral rim 6 intended to hold the first part 2 flat against the second part 3, connecting means connecting the portion docking 7 and the peripheral rim 6, a central body part 5 intended to be welded to the second part 3, and if necessary thermal decoupling means configured to prevent heat transmission between the body part 5 and the first part 2 at the time of welding.
• the body part 5 extends along a longitudinal axis A, on the underside of the head part 4. This body part 5 is intended to extend through a housing 20 of the first part 2 in order to that its distal end 50 can be welded to the second part 3.
• the head part 4 comprises a peripheral rim 6 intended to bear against the first part 2.
• the peripheral rim 6 can be in the form of a disk or a ring. It comprises a distal support surface 60 configured to come to bear against a proximal face of the first part 2.
• the distal support surface 60 can extend around the thermal decoupling means and can provide 360° support.
• the axial distance between this distal bearing surface 60 and the welding end of the body part 5 is less than the distance separating the distal faces 21, 31 of the first and second parts 2, 3 before assembly.
• the head part 4 also comprises a docking portion 7 advantageously forming a proximal projection with respect to the connecting means.
• the docking portion 7 can extend to the center of the insert 1 and more particularly to the center of the peripheral rim 6, for example orthogonally thereto. It has a proximal end 70 delimiting a docking face 71 intended to receive a welding electrode.
• the docking face 71 can be the most proximal surface of the insert 1.
• the docking portion 7 extends along the central longitudinal axis A, orthogonal to the peripheral rim 6, and advantageously also projects relative to the proximal face 61 of the peripheral rim 6.
• the docking portion 7 is advantageously integral with the body part 5 and can be produced with the latter in a single piece. Furthermore, the docking portion 7 and the body part
• 5 are preferably coaxial. They may have a similar diameter.
• the head part 4 comprises connecting means connecting the peripheral rim
• connecting means are configured to allow a translation along the longitudinal axis A of the docking portion 7 relative to the peripheral rim 6 when the insert 1 is used for the assembly of parts upper and lower.
• the connecting means can also be configured to maintain the docking portion
• these connecting means are configured to maintain the docking portion 7 fixed relative to the peripheral rim 6 before assembly of the upper and lower parts, and to release the portion of docking 7 to allow its translation relative to the peripheral rim 6 at the time of assembly, when a pressure exceeding a predetermined threshold value is exerted on the docking face 71.
• the connecting means are arranged between the central docking portion 7 and the peripheral rim 6, so that the docking portion 7 is cantilevered when the insert 1 is placed against the first part 2, which facilitates the separation of the portion 7 docking and the peripheral rim 6 when the insert 1 is used for the assembly of the first and second parts 2, 3 ..
• the connecting means are configured to allow free movement of the docking portion 7 relative to the peripheral rim 6 along the axis A before the use of the insert 1 for assembly of parts upper and lower.
• the insert 1 can have abutments to limit this movement and thus keep the docking portion 7 and the peripheral rim 6 together.
• the abutments can be arranged on either side of the connecting means; they include for example a proximal stop 13 which can correspond to the stop member 9 described below, and a distal stop 14 which can take the form of a distal widening, in particular at the level of the distal end 50 of body part 5.
• the connecting means comprise a connecting element 8 connecting the docking portion 7 to the peripheral rim 6.
• This connecting element 8 can be a zone of less thickness relative to the peripheral rim 6.
• connecting element 8 may advantageously be in the form of a ring forming the junction between the peripheral rim 6 and the docking portion 7. This ring may be orthogonal to the axis A. The ring may have a thickness decreasing from the peripheral edge 6 in the direction of the docking portion 7.
• the insert 1 is in one piece and the connecting means comprise a frangible connecting element 8.
• This frangible connecting element 8 is intended to break under the effect of a distal pressure exerted on the docking face 71, thus releasing the docking portion 7 and the body part 5.
• This embodiment makes it possible to provide an insert 1 made from one and the same material, for example steel.
• the docking portion 7 and the peripheral rim 6 are two separate parts and the connecting means, in particular the connecting element 8, delimit a central opening 80 of a diameter smaller than that of the docking portion 7.
• the docking portion 7 is force-fitted in the connecting element 8.
• the body part 5, the peripheral flange 6 and the docking portion 7 can be steel.
• PEEK polyetheretherketone
• the docking portion 7 and the peripheral rim 6 are two separate parts and the connecting means, in particular the connecting element 8, delimit a central opening 80 configured to allow free translation of the docking portion 7 relative to the peripheral rim. This translation is however limited by the stops 13, 14.
• the opening 80 has for example here a diameter equal to or greater than that of the docking portion 7.
• the body part 5, the peripheral rim 6 and the portion of docking 7 can be made of steel.
• a portion docking 7 and a body part 5 in a first electrically conductive material, typically metallic such as steel, while the peripheral rim 6 is in a second dielectric material, for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK), which makes it possible to limit heating of the peripheral edge 6 during welding and consequently the heat transmitted to the first part 2.
• a first electrically conductive material typically metallic such as steel
• PEEK polyetheretherketone
• the connecting means can be configured to delimit a tube 81 serving to guide the docking portion 7 in translation along the axis A.
• the insert 1 may include an abutment member 9, for example in the form of a radial rib.
• the abutment member 9 can be provided on the docking portion 7, for example at its proximal end 70. This abutment member 9 is intended to bear against the peripheral rim 6, and if necessary against the means of connection, to block the translation of the docking portion 7 after welding.
• the peripheral rim 6 of the head part 4 is clamped between the abutment member 9 and the first part 2. If the insert 1 is initially devoid of abutment member 9, it can be formed during assembly, as described in more detail below.
• connection means can extend set back from the proximal face 61 of the peripheral rim 6.
• the insert 1 thus has a recess or proximal cavity 10.
• the proximal cavity 10 of the insert 1 can be shaped to receive the organ abutment 9.
• the abutment member 9 and the docking portion 7 are contained in this disbursement and no longer protrude with respect to the peripheral rim 6, as can be seen in Figure 6.
• the insert 1 preferably comprises thermal decoupling means configured to limit the heating of the first part 2 at the time of the welding operation.
• the thermal decoupling means can be arranged around the body part 5. They have, for example, an annular zone 11 extending all around the body part 5.
• This annular zone 11 comprises an insulating material, for example air.
• the annular zone 11 can be a cavity formed around the body part 5.
• the cavity is delimited by the protuberance 62, the body part 5 and the peripheral rim 6 or, where appropriate, the temporary connection means .
• these decoupling means thermal may include all or part of the characteristics described in patent document WO 2018/202999.
• the thermal decoupling means can be arranged between the docking portion 7 and the peripheral rim 6.
• the thermal decoupling means comprise a surface treatment or a thermally insulating coating on a side surface of the docking portion 7 and possibly of the body part 5 to limit the transmission of heat to the peripheral rim 6, and in doing so to the first part 2.
• the peripheral rim 6 may comprise, projecting from its proximal face 61, a protuberance 62.
• This protuberance 62 extends, if necessary, around the thermal decoupling means. It is intended to be inserted through the first part 2 and come to rest against its edge 22 in order to maintain the body part 5 at a distance from the first part 2.
• the protuberance 62 can be in the form of a circumferential rib extending for example through 360°. According to one possibility, the distal edge 63 of this protuberance 62 can be sharp in order to cut out the first part 2, thus producing the housing 20 in which the insert 1 is positioned.
• the distal end 50 of the body part 5 is advantageously arranged at the level or proximally recessed with respect to a distal edge 63 of the protuberance 62 before the use of the insert 1.
• the body part 5 can protrude with respect to this distal edge 63, the axial distance separating the distal end 50 of the body part 5 from the distal edge 63 of the protuberance 62 being equal to or less than the distance separating the distal faces 21, 31 of the upper and lower parts before assembly.
• the insert 1 may also comprise all or part of the characteristics of the insert 1 described in patent document WO 2018/202999, in particular by way of non-limiting examples: when the first part 2 is in one electrically conductive material, the insert 1 may be at least partially covered with an electrically insulating coating to prevent a short circuit.
• the body part 5 can have a decreasing section in the direction of its distal end 50.
• a peripheral pocket 64 can be provided on the underside of the head part 4, holding means configured to immobilize the insert 1 in position to through the first part 2 one or more vent channels intended for the circulation of a cooling fluid on the docking face 71.
• the invention also relates to an assembly method for assembling the first part 2 and the second part 3 by means of the insert 1 previously described.
• the assembly method comprises a step (i) of pressing the insert 1 against the first part 2. This allows the first part 2 to be pressed or tensioned. During this step, only the rim peripheral 6 of the insert 1 exerts pressure on the first and second parts 2, 3, via the distal bearing face or the protuberance 62 of the peripheral rim 6.
• the body part 5 is at a distance of the second part 3, as is the case for the insert 1 according to Figures 1 to 4, or is possibly in contact with the second part 3 for example under the effect of gravity, as is the case for the insert 1 of Figure 5, but without exerting pressure (since the docking portion 7 and the body part 5 are free relative to the peripheral rim 6).
• the connecting means can be cantilevered.
• the method may include a step of cutting out the first part 2 in order to create this housing. This cutting step can be performed using the sharp distal edge of the proteburance.
• the method comprises a step (ii) of moving the body part 5 to approach it or bring it into contact with the second part 3.
• This step comprises the exertion of a distal pressure, preferably exerted by the electrode welding, on the docking portion 7 so that the distal end 50 of the body part 5 is pressed against the second part 3.
• This pressure may involve the separation of the peripheral rim 6 and the docking portion 7.
• the docking portion 7 then translates with respect to the peripheral rim 6, carrying with it the body part 5 which it pushes as far as the second part 3.
• the method comprises a step (iii) of welding proper where the welding energy, transmitted to the docking portion 7 and to the body part 5 via the electrodes, triggers the fusion at the distal end of the body part 5.
• the body part 5 is consumed and the docking portion 7, under the pressure of the electrodes, continues to move in the direction of the second part 3 to maintain contact.
• the method may include a blocking step (iv) comprising bringing the axial abutment member 9 into abutment against the peripheral rim 6 as shown in FIG. 6.
• the method may include a step of forming a bead of material at the distal end of the docking portion 7.
• the contact zone representing the highest resistivity materializes between the top of the docking portion 7 and the welding electrode.
• the temperature then rises in the top of the docking portion 7. Faced with the rise in temperature, the material creeps under the closing pressure exerted by the welding electrodes.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=74860191

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2021
  • 2021-01-05 FR FR2100068A patent/FR3118591B1/fr active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-01-04 WO PCT/FR2022/050018 patent/WO2022148927A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2022-01-04 EP EP22701413.1A patent/EP4274705A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-01-04 CN CN202280009083.3A patent/CN116783017A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-01-04 US US18/270,919 patent/US20240051059A1/en active Pending

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