EP4409366A1 - Procédé de fourniture de données pour faire fonctionner un bâtiment - Google Patents

Procédé de fourniture de données pour faire fonctionner un bâtiment

Info

Publication number
EP4409366A1
EP4409366A1 EP22786922.9A EP22786922A EP4409366A1 EP 4409366 A1 EP4409366 A1 EP 4409366A1 EP 22786922 A EP22786922 A EP 22786922A EP 4409366 A1 EP4409366 A1 EP 4409366A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
data
domain
domains
digital twin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22786922.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alwar Srinivas MANDYAM BHOOLOKAM
Andreas MAUER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP4409366A1 publication Critical patent/EP4409366A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
    • G05B17/02—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2642—Domotique, domestic, home control, automation, smart house

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for providing data for operating a building, as well as a computing unit and a computer program for executing it.
  • DE 102018205 872 A1 describes a method for generating a digital twin (DT) of a physical object.
  • the invention deals with the use of digital twins in building technology or in connection with buildings, for example when monitoring them or detecting anomalies or errors.
  • the digital twin preferably represents a digital representation of an object in the real world of the building.
  • the digital twin enables data to be exchanged between the object in the real world and digital systems.
  • digital twins can be used to represent a past and present state of physical objects of buildings that predict future state of physical objects of buildings and simulate or test future processes and changes.
  • a building and the existing or built-in devices and/or systems (such as ventilation, lighting, air conditioning, fire alarm system) can be represented or mapped using calculation models (so-called "Building Information Modeling", BIM) or the digital twins mentioned.
  • BIM Building Information Modeling
  • Such models or digital twins of the building can be used, for example, for the construction phase in order to optimize planning or to detect collisions. These models can, for example, be about the geometric modeling of the systems and their location within the building.
  • Digital twins can also be created for the plants themselves and used to model their behavior in operation.
  • the system behavior during operation can be modeled on the basis of current sensor values from the system or in the environment of the system.
  • the interaction of the technical system with the building infrastructure can also be simulated to improve and illustrate the planning.
  • elevator operation in the building can be simulated in order to intelligently direct the flow of people in emergency situations.
  • the aforementioned BIM model and digital twins can be combined to control operations.
  • Real-time data from sensors from different systems, such as building automation or access systems, can be used for control.
  • digital twins in combination with the (specific) building infrastructure, predictions can be made about system behavior, costs and carbon dioxide can be saved, or safety risks or hazards can be identified. All in all, the use of digital twins can enable a better understanding of the interactions between the specific system and the current building structure.
  • Such predictions can be generated, for example, by intelligent algorithms (artificial neural networks, decision trees, etc.) that the behavior of Learn systems (systems, building infrastructure) within a domain (e.g. fire or fire alarm system, building automation, access or building access control, light or light control, etc.) and on the basis of what has been learned (so-called "insights") (from the regular or normal behavior) recognize deviant (abnormal) behavior.
  • intelligent algorithms artificial neural networks, decision trees, etc.
  • the present invention proposes operating a building with systems installed therein that act as a data source and are each assigned to one of several domains of the building, specifically the provision of data for such operation or use during operation.
  • systems acting as a data source are to be understood in particular as sensors and/or control systems, for example card readers that output information (data) about whether or which access card has been read, or movement sensors that detect movement by people and turn on a light based on it.
  • Sensors or other systems can be both wired and wireless.
  • Wireless networks are also conceivable, which detect the presence of mobile communication devices and based on this output information (data) about it.
  • a specific group or infrastructure that belongs together is to be provided under a domain, which includes a number of such systems acting as a data source, possibly also other components or controls or other devices that form a kind of unit or interact.
  • domains are a fire alarm system, an air conditioning and/or ventilation system, a building and/or room access control, a light control, a video surveillance system, a system for analyzing air quality, a room utilization and workplace booking system, a fire prevention system - and/or extinguishing system, as well as a voice alarm and/or audio system.
  • the systems and possibly other components of a domain typically have a certain topology or arrangement that is based on the topology of the building or part of it. For example, motion detectors of a lighting control are arranged according to the rooms or corridors in the building.
  • the card readers mentioned e.g. at building entrances and/or at individual, possibly special rooms, which permit or block access by people to the building or room.
  • This can also include, for example, a time recording system where people check in when they arrive and check out when they leave.
  • a domain also includes barriers that physically enable or block access.
  • motion sensors or motion detectors can be used as sensors, which switch on an associated light or lamp when motion is detected. But with that it can information can also be output as to whether a person is nearby.
  • a digital twin is now provided, e.g. by operating appropriate software with a calculation model of the building on a computing unit or a computing system, with which at least part of the building is mapped as a model.
  • the multiple domains are combined in the digital twin, i.e. the digital twin not only maps one domain and there are not several digital twins that each map a single domain, but the several domains, i.e. at least two domains, are in combined in a digital twin.
  • the data recorded by the systems (acting as data sources) are received, fed to the digital twin or the corresponding model and processed (in it). Data processed by the digital twin is then made available for operating the building.
  • the operation of the building can in particular include at least one of the following actions: monitoring of the building, with a visual and/or acoustic alarm preferably being output when a dangerous situation is identified; controlling and/or regulating functions in the building, also in individual domains, for example setting the air conditioning; a detection of malfunctions, in particular in one of the domains, with a visual and/or acoustic alarm preferably being output when a malfunction is detected; detection of anomalies in relation to regular or normal operation (e.g.
  • an optical and/or acoustic alarm preferably being output when an anomaly is detected; determining causes of malfunctions; an indication of (possibly pending or extraordinarily necessary) maintenance and preferably the output of a visual and/or acoustic display.
  • the data or information from different domains is used in one digital twin (i.e a model of the building) can be combined or linked with each other. This allows, for example, the checking and/or plausibility check of data from systems in different domains.
  • the data can also be used between the domains, ie the data generated by a system in one domain can be used in the other domain, so that, for example, individual systems (sensors) can be saved.
  • the behavior of systems in buildings can be mapped much more precisely and therefore a more accurate statement can be made about the behavior of a system, for example.
  • Anomalies and malfunctions of plants or systems can, for example, be detected at an early stage and errors and in particular the causes of errors can be pointed out. This enables precise control of a system or early replacement of components to avoid damage (reduction in maintenance costs).
  • a system can be operated more efficiently because, for example, algorithms for analyzing system behavior can become more precise, which leads to a reduction in operating costs.
  • Controlling a system in such a building is (more) robust against disturbances.
  • Special cases of operation can, for example, be regulated by the system itself and do not require an experienced technician to optimize the system for corresponding special cases (reduction of the manual workload).
  • Hardware in the building can be saved through the use of cross-domain sensors (i.e. the use or exchange of data from sensors between domains). The system operation becomes more transparent for specialist personnel and the familiarization and optimization of the processes is easier (at least if necessary).
  • Ontologies are mostly linguistically structured and formally ordered representations of a set of concepts and the relationships between them in a a specific subject area; they are used to exchange knowledge or information in digitized and formal form between application programs and services.
  • the digital twin it is possible to combine the topologies (structure) of individual domains using the relationships (ontologies) within the domain and within the building.
  • a realistic image of reality the real housing
  • the digital twin can, for example, identify a special feature ("insight") during operation that cannot be recorded within a single domain.
  • the motion sensor of the lighting control in the building provides a movement and thus the presence of a person.
  • the counter on the access control shows, for example, that there are no longer any people in the house.
  • a technician who armed the alarm system based on the data in the access control would most likely trigger a false alarm.
  • the access control were to receive the data from the lighting control at the same time, the number of people in the house could be checked for plausibility in this system, i.e. it could be recognized, for example, that there may have been an error in the counting of the access control, because e.g person checked out but did not leave the building. This is made possible with the proposed procedure.
  • Another example is the combination of temperature sensors from building automation (e.g. in the air conditioning and/or ventilation system) and the fire alarm system or fire alarm system.
  • the digital twin Based on the building topology and the topology of the fire alarm system and air conditioning and/or ventilation system, the digital twin has the information that, for example, there are three sensors in a specific room. The temperature sensor of the fire detector, the temperature sensor in the control panel of the building automation and the air quality sensor (eg with integrated temperature measurement) on the ceiling of the room. If one of the sensors has temperature values that deviate too much (from the other sensors), the system can detect a malfunction in this sensor and inform the technician. If the system only included the building automation sensors, a targeted two-out-of-three evaluation would not be possible.
  • codified expert knowledge and physical models can be used as a basis for learning algorithms.
  • a behavior of at least one of the domains in the digital twin can be trained using data from an earlier behavior of the domain and/or a behavior of a comparable domain, preferably using methods based on artificial intelligence, i.e. training can be carried out, e.g. of an artificial neural network.
  • expert knowledge can include the flow characteristics of a cooling system. Experts recognize, e.g. from experience, when certain values change unfavorably and thus indicate damage in the system (flow and consumption values). The expert knowledge includes the understanding of the interaction of multiple values and goes beyond a pure limit value consideration of individual values.
  • Self-learning algorithms usually require a training phase in which the system (with the digital twin) learns the behavior of the system using historical data.
  • the historical data must be classified so that the algorithm can, for example, distinguish incorrect behavior from normal behavior ("supervised learning" for neural networks).
  • this training phase is time-consuming and requires the know-how (knowledge) of on-site experts to classify the data.
  • the learning algorithms can already be equipped with relationships (e.g. links between different domains or their data) that have been set up by experts. Based on these relationships, the data can be classified and evaluated independently. In addition, a plausibility check using physical effect models (which can be contained in the digital twin) is possible.
  • the time-consuming learning process with the support of experts is no longer necessary (time and effort saving)
  • semantic data model is an abstract, formal description and representation of a section of the "perceived world" in a specific context (e.g. a project), in this case the building with the systems.
  • a leak in a volumetric flow controller can be described by the deviation in the combination of flow and flap position. Physical laws can also be mapped. For example, a leak is detected on the basis of mass conservation if the air mass supplied in a pipe does not correspond to the air mass removed. Due to the topology of the system, the digital twin then recognizes which side is the inlet side and which is the outlet side of the pipe and compares the data points of the volume flows and can thus detect a leak.
  • the models also enable a prediction of the system behavior based on a time series and can indicate when the system behavior deviates from the forecast.
  • the expert knowledge and the physical models can be the basis for "reinforcement learning”.
  • An algorithm calculates the optimal system behavior within the states spanned by expert knowledge and physical models.
  • the utility function can be the system consumption. By delimiting the states using expert models, the utility function converges more quickly.
  • a computing unit according to the invention for example a central control system in a building, is set up, in particular in terms of programming, to carry out a method according to the invention.
  • the implementation of a method according to the invention in the form of a computer program or computer program product with program code for carrying out all method steps is advantageous because this causes particularly low costs, especially if an executing control unit is also used for other tasks and is therefore available anyway.
  • a machine-readable storage medium is provided with a computer program stored thereon as described above. Suitable storage media or data carriers for providing the computer program are, in particular, magnetic, optical and electrical memories such as hard drives, flash memories, EEPROMs, DVDs, etc. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.). Such a download can be wired or wired or wireless (eg via a WLAN network, a 3G, 4G, 5G or 6G connection, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a building with domains to explain a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a behavior of a domain of a building to explain a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 A building 100 with domains is shown schematically in FIG. 1 to explain a method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
  • the building 100 has three rooms 102.1, 102.2 and 102.3, with a door 104.1, 104.2 or 104.3 being provided for each room.
  • the door 104.1 serves as a building entrance door.
  • card readers 112.1 and 112.3 are provided, for example, which are assigned to an 'access control' 110 domain. In this way, it can be registered, for example, whether a person enters the building or a room, and possibly also whether a person is (still) in a room.
  • a motion detector 122.1, 122.2 or 122.3 and a lamp 124.1, 124.2 or 124.3 are provided in each room, which are assigned to a 'light control' 120 domain. In this way, a person can be detected in a room by means of a motion detector and the associated lamp can then be switched on.
  • a ventilation pipe 134.1.1, 134.2 or 134.3 and a temperature sensor 136.1, 136.2 or 136.3 are provided in each room, the ventilation pipes being connected to an air conditioning compressor 132; these pipes, the temperature sensors and the air conditioning compressor are assigned to a domain 'air conditioning system' 130 .
  • a computing unit 150 is provided, on which a digital twin 160 is provided.
  • a digital twin 160 is provided.
  • Semantic models 162.1, 164.1 and 166.1 are shown as examples, which include an ontological description of the three domains of access control 110, light control 120 and air conditioning 140.
  • topological models 162.2, 164.2 and 166.2 are shown, which include a topological description of the three domains of access control 110, light control 120 and air conditioning 140, ie for example the arrangement (positions etc.) of the individual systems of the relevant domains within the building.
  • the (complex) behavior of the systems can be transferred to different building structures without explicitly adapting the behavior to the special features of the building structure.
  • a (very) simple rule, for example is that lights and air conditioning are switched off as soon as nobody is in the restricted area. This rule can then be applied to all types of building structures.
  • data 154 from the systems of the individual domains acting as a data source are now received and fed to the digital twin 160 .
  • these systems include, for example, the card readers 112.1 and 112.3, as well as the motion detectors 122.1, 122.2 and 122.3.
  • This data 154 is processed in the digital twin and processed data 156, 158 that can be used to operate the building 100 is then provided.
  • the air conditioning system 130 can be operated based on which room people are in, but also based on the current temperature in the relevant room. This can be determined using the card readers and the motion detectors and, if applicable, the temperature sensors or the information provided by them. In particular, the information received from the card readers and the motion detectors can also be checked against one another for plausibility.
  • the building can be monitored on a monitor or display 152; For example, it can be displayed whether there are people in the building or in which rooms and whether the air conditioning is working.
  • the information received from the card readers and the motion detectors can be checked against each other for plausibility.
  • a behavior of a domain of a building is shown schematically in FIG. 2 to explain a method according to the invention in a further preferred embodiment.
  • the behavior is shown here in the form of a progression of measured values from a domain, for example the temperatures in a room of the building.
  • a predicted course is shown, as he results, for example, from earlier measured values and/or comparable domains (e.g. a comparable room in a different building).
  • An actual course of the is shown with V2, ie how it corresponds to the current measured values.
  • the predicted course can be used to control or pre-control the air conditioning system, while the actual course can be used for regulation or fine-tuning.
  • a deviation between the two curves can be used to detect, for example, an anomaly in the operation of the building or a malfunction in the air conditioning system.
  • information from the access control or the light control can be taken into account, for example, in order to check, for example, whether the anomaly occurs due to unexpected people being present or whether there is actually a malfunction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fourniture de données (156, 158) permettant de faire fonctionner un bâtiment (100) comprenant des systèmes (112.1, 112.3, 122.1, 122.2, 122.3, 136.1, 136.2, 136.3) qui sont installés dans le bâtiment et agissent en tant que sources de données et dont chacun se voit attribuer l'un d'une pluralité de domaines (110, 120, 130) du bâtiment, un jumeau numérique (160) au moyen duquel au moins une partie du bâtiment (100) est représentée sous la forme d'un modèle, la pluralité de domaines (110, 120, 130) étant combinés dans le jumeau numérique (160), et des données (154) détectées par les systèmes étant obtenues, fournies au jumeau (60) numérique, et traitées. Des données (156, 158) traitées par le jumeau (160) numérique sont fournies afin de faire fonctionner le bâtiment (100).
EP22786922.9A 2021-10-01 2022-09-19 Procédé de fourniture de données pour faire fonctionner un bâtiment Pending EP4409366A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021211110.6A DE102021211110A1 (de) 2021-10-01 2021-10-01 Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Daten zum Betreiben eines Gebäudes
PCT/EP2022/075955 WO2023052172A1 (fr) 2021-10-01 2022-09-19 Procédé de fourniture de données pour faire fonctionner un bâtiment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4409366A1 true EP4409366A1 (fr) 2024-08-07

Family

ID=83689185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22786922.9A Pending EP4409366A1 (fr) 2021-10-01 2022-09-19 Procédé de fourniture de données pour faire fonctionner un bâtiment

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240393755A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4409366A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021211110A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023052172A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118149424B (zh) * 2024-05-09 2024-08-27 广东鉴面智能科技有限公司 空调风管实时监控系统及方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018111368A1 (fr) * 2016-12-15 2018-06-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Configuration et paramétrage d'un système de commande d'énergie
EP3428756B1 (fr) * 2017-07-10 2019-06-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Surveillance d'intégrité pour des systèmes d'automatisation
DE102018205872A1 (de) 2018-04-18 2019-10-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines digitalen Zwillings eines physikalischen Objekts
US20200304375A1 (en) * 2019-03-19 2020-09-24 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Generation of digital twins of physical environments
US10798175B1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-10-06 CohesionIB IoT contextually-aware digital twin with enhanced discovery
KR102861526B1 (ko) * 2019-09-11 2025-09-19 사반트 시스템즈, 인크. 홈 자동화 시스템을 위한 3차원 가상적 룸-기반 사용자 인터페이스
WO2021160260A1 (fr) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-19 Swiss Reinsurance Company Ltd. Plateforme numérique utilisant des structures jumelles cyber-physiques fournissant une représentation numérique évolutive d'un actif réel lié aux risques pour quantifier des mesures de risque, et procédé associé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023052172A1 (fr) 2023-04-06
DE102021211110A1 (de) 2023-04-06
US20240393755A1 (en) 2024-11-28

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