EP4445231A1 - Procédé de pilotage automatique d'un déclenchement d'un affûtage du fil tranchant d'une lame de coupe pour machine de coupe - Google Patents
Procédé de pilotage automatique d'un déclenchement d'un affûtage du fil tranchant d'une lame de coupe pour machine de coupeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4445231A1 EP4445231A1 EP23706405.0A EP23706405A EP4445231A1 EP 4445231 A1 EP4445231 A1 EP 4445231A1 EP 23706405 A EP23706405 A EP 23706405A EP 4445231 A1 EP4445231 A1 EP 4445231A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- sharpening
- cutting blade
- blade
- threshold value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/547—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a wire-like cutting member
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/12—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by sharpening the cutting member
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37256—Wear, tool wear
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37355—Cutting, milling, machining force
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37613—Cutter axis tilt of end mill
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/41—Servomotor, servo controller till figures
- G05B2219/41376—Tool wear, flank and crater, estimation from cutting force
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45044—Cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45159—Dressing, sharpening, trueing tool
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of automatic cutting by a vibrating blade of a flexible material mattress placed on a cutting table and in the form of a single ply or a stack of folds.
- a field of application of the invention is that of the automatic cutting of parts in a flexible textile or non-textile material (such as leather), in particular in the clothing industry, furniture or car upholstery.
- a known process for the automatic cutting of parts in a flexible material consists in bringing the material onto a fixed or mobile cutting support of the cutting table, in the form of a single ply or a stack of ply forming a mattress, and cutting the pieces by means of a cutting head moving above the cutting support of the table according to a previously defined placement program.
- the cutting head of such a machine is formed of a steel blade which is vibrated vertically in the direction of its cutting edge in order to cut the material.
- a rotating blade guide serves as a slide for the blade and ensures its rotation.
- the cutting blade loses its cutting power as the cutting operation takes place so that it is necessary to regularly perform sharpening operations of its cutting edge.
- the cutting head can be equipped with an automatic sharpening system composed of two or three abrasive belts.
- an automatic sharpening system composed of two or three abrasive belts.
- the sharpening frequency is most often determined empirically, taking particular account of the nature of the cut material and the wear of the blade which is generated by a sharpening operation.
- the latter corresponds to a loss of material and is determined experimentally by an abrasion law depending on the number of sharpenings, the size of the blade and the type of abrasive belt used.
- the position of the cutting edge is calculated according to the number of sharpening cycles carried out.
- This empirical method for determining the sharpening frequency of the cutting blade is not optimal. Indeed, this method does not make it possible to take into account the variability of the abrasive power throughout the lifetime of the sharpening bands.
- the initial abrasive power of the strips as well as the hardness and the geometry of the cutting blades not being identical from one blade to another or from one set of strips to another the empirical method does not make it possible to take account for these variations.
- the empirical method requires numerous tests to be implemented in order to determine the best set of parameters for each material/strip/blade triplet or to limit the choices by keeping a single set of parameters for several materials thereby limiting the contribution of an optimal setting. Disclosure of Invention
- the main purpose of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for automatically controlling the triggering of the sharpening of the cutting edge of a cutting blade.
- this object is achieved by means of a method for automatically controlling triggering of sharpening of the cutting edge of a cutting blade for a machine for cutting a mattress of flexible material, comprising :
- the components including: the frontal force, the lateral force, the vertical force, the moment roll, pitch moment, and yaw moment of the cutting edge;
- the method according to the invention is remarkable in that from the components of the mechanical action torque at the guide point of the cutting blade, it is possible to automatically control the operation triggers of sharpening.
- the inventors have in fact demonstrated the existence of a relationship between the overall nature of the mechanical action torque at the guide point of the blade and the state of the latter.
- the mechanical action torsor identifies the forces undergone by the blade in the three directions. It is determined from measurements coming from a dynamometer installed in the presser foot of the cutting head and as described in patent application FR 3,108,542, the content of which is incorporated here by way of reference.
- the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to trigger sharpening of the cutting edge of the blade only and as soon as the state of the cutting edge requires it.
- variable chosen to determine the threshold value corresponds to the vertical force component of the cutting blade.
- the variable chosen to determine the threshold value corresponds to an inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis, the variations in inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis being calculated from all the values of the components of the mechanical action torque.
- the variations in inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis are calculated, for each point P of coordinates Pt X i, Pt yi , Pt Zi of the central axis, by the following equation:
- the method further comprises comparing the amplitudes of the chosen variable to determine the threshold value before and after a sharpening cycle of the cutting edge of the cutting blade in order to determine whether the bands of sharpening of the sharpening tool need to be replaced.
- the ability to regenerate the sharp wire by the sharpening bands decreases as a function of the number of sharpening operations carried out, which results in a value of the variable used after sharpening which is less and less and further away from the threshold value.
- This additional step of the process thus makes it possible to determine the moment when the sharpening bands will have to be changed in order to maintain a cutting power compatible with the quality requirements and not to significantly increase the frequency of sharpenings which penalize the productivity of the machines. cutting.
- the method may further comprise the automatic triggering of an alert to request the change of the sharpening strips of the sharpening tool as soon as the difference between the amplitude of the variable chosen to determine the threshold value after a sharpening cycle and the magnitude of the variable chosen to determine the threshold value before the sharpening operation becomes less than a predetermined threshold.
- a sharpening cycle advantageously comprises an abrasion phase on each side of the cutting blade by sharpening bands in order in particular to reduce the radius of the cutting edge and to increase its roughness.
- FIG. 1 Figure 1 is a flowchart showing the different steps of the method according to the invention.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C represent curves of evolution of the vertical force component of different cutting blades.
- Figure 3 shows curves of evolution of the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis.
- the invention applies to the automated cutting of parts in a flexible material in the form of a mattress.
- Such a cutting operation is generally carried out by means of a cutting machine fitted with a horizontal cutting support on which the flexible material to be cut is fed.
- a cutting head carrying a vibrating blade is mounted on a gantry which is caused to move along the cutting support while the cutting head moves simultaneously along the gantry so as to be able to follow the different trajectories of cutting calculated by cutting software.
- a presser foot is mounted on the lower part of the cutting head in order to apply a controlled force to the flexible material on its cutting support during the cut, the position of this presser foot being adaptable according to the height of the mattress placed on the cutting support.
- the presser foot makes it possible to maintain the guiding of the cutting blade as close as possible to the mattress.
- the invention proposes an automatic control method for triggering a sharpening of the cutting edge of the cutting blade of such a cutting machine.
- the method according to the invention provides for the following steps:
- the determination of components of a mechanical action torsor at the guide point of the cutting blade the components including: the frontal force, the lateral force, the vertical force, the rolling moment, the moment of pitch, and yaw moment of the cutting edge - the determination of an admissible threshold value for a variable established from at least one of the components of the mechanical action torsor and according to geometric parameters of the cutting blade and characteristics of thickness and material cutting mattress
- variable chosen to determine the threshold value may correspond either to the vertical force component of the cutting blade, or to an inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis.
- the method according to the invention is an algorithm implemented by software means equipping, for example, a computer work station and the main steps of which are illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the algorithm is supplied as input by input parameters (SOI step) entered by the operator. These include the characteristics of the cutting blade (namely its geometry and the materials of which it is made), the characteristics of the material to be cut (namely thickness and material), and the maximum admissible value of the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade in its new condition.
- a step S02 provision is also made to determine the five components of a mechanical action torque at the guide point of the cutting blade, namely: the frontal force F x , the lateral force F z , the rolling moment M x , the pitching moment M Y , and the yawing moment M z of the cutting blade.
- the cutting blade is subjected to numerous forces.
- the frontal force F x is the force undergone by the cutting edge of the blade when it is brought into contact with the material during the cutting operation.
- the lateral force F z is the force undergone by one of the sides of the blade when it is brought into contact with the material during the cutting operation.
- the vertical force it is the force undergone by the blade in its vibration movement along the vertical axis.
- the method described in this document provides for the use of a five-component dynamometer positioned on the presser foot and allowing, from an algorithm based on the establishment of a calibration matrix of the dynamometer, to determine in real time the three-dimensional forces undergone by the cutting blade during the cutting operation.
- the dynamometer may comprise three triaxial piezoelectric sensors which are mounted in the presser foot while being distributed around a longitudinal axis of the blade or three bridges of coupled deformation gauges which are mounted on branches of the presser foot distributed around a longitudinal axis of the blade in order to form at least three complete bridges, or even five decoupled strain gauge bridges which are mounted on the presser foot.
- the method provides for determining a threshold value admissible by the cutting blade (step S03).
- This threshold value corresponds to a maximum admissible value either by the vertical force component of the cutting blade, or by the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis (according to the variable chosen to control the triggering of a sharpening).
- This setting will for example be determined from a predetermined chart and/or by setting a maximum value for the tangent of the curve between the initial value of the slope and the upper plateau, this value will be adapted according to the safety factor which one wishes to integrate (close to zero: without safety margin, close to the initial tangent: with a large safety margin).
- the cutting parameters namely the cutting conditions and strategies of the parts, as well as the wear of the cutting edge of the cutting blade per operation sharpening
- the method according to the invention provides two approaches: the first by monitoring continuously and in real time the amplitude of the vertical force component F z of the cutting blade, and the second by following continuously and in real time the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis.
- the method according to the invention provides during a step S05 to determine continuously and in real time the variation in amplitude of the vertical force component F z of the cutting blade at from the mechanical torsor determined in step S02.
- the amplitudes over time of the vertical force component F z of the cutting blade can thus be easily calculated and compared with the threshold value admissible by the cutting blade determined in step S03 (see step S06).
- the algorithm according to the invention automatically triggers an alert to request a sharpening cycle of the cutting edge of the cutting blade. .
- step S07 Upon receipt of this alert, the operator will therefore program a sharpening operation of the cutting edge of the cutting blade at the end of the cutting cycle (step S07). For this purpose, when a sharpening operation is triggered, the blade rises and the abrasive belts of the sharpening system come to sharpen the two faces of the cutting edge of the blade in order to reform the edge.
- Figures 2A to 2C show different examples of evolution curves of the vertical force component of different cutting blades.
- denim i.e. a cotton twill used to make "jeans"
- the abscissa corresponds to the cutting length Le (in m) and the ordinate to the amplitude F z of the vertical force of the cutting blade (in N).
- the different curves C1 to C5 in FIG. 2A correspond to different configurations in terms of cutting speed, frequency of vibration of the cutting blade and cutting angle which are listed in the table below.
- the algorithm automatically triggers an alert to program a sharpening operation of the sharp edge of the cutting blade.
- Figures 2B and 2C are evolution curves obtained from other input characteristics, namely:
- the method according to the invention provides during a step S05 'to determine continuously and in real time the variation in amplitude of the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade relative to the vertical axis.
- the introduction of the central axis of the cutting blade makes it possible to synthesize all the components of the torsor of the mechanical actions into an entity characteristic of the state of the blade during the cutting.
- the inclination of the central axis during a complete revolution of the blade, reflects the ability of the blade to make cuts respecting the specifications.
- the use of the central axis associated with criteria for characterizing its evolution makes it possible to qualify the ability of the blade to cut a flexible material.
- the amplitude of the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade with respect to the vertical axis is obtained by calculation from all the values of the components of the mechanical action torque, namely the frontal force F x , the lateral force F z , the rolling moment M x , the pitching moment M Y , and the yawing moment M z of the cutting blade obtained in step S02, and the vertical force F z obtained in step S05.
- the mechanical action components evolve according to the wear of the cutting edge and the degradation of the cutting power of the blade.
- the evolution of forces and cutting moments causes an evolution of the slider (the direction of the central axis) of the torsor of the mechanical actions.
- the central axes then follow the direction of the resultant of the forces.
- F z is greater than the other components of the torque (F x and F Y )
- the amplitudes over time of the inclination of the central axis of the cutting blade can thus be easily calculated and compared with the threshold value admissible by the cutting blade determined in step S03 (see step S06).
- the algorithm according to the invention automatically triggers an alert to request a sharpening cycle of the sharp edge of the cutting blade.
- FIG. 3 represents different examples of curves of evolution of the inclination of the central axis of the same cutting blade operating with different cutting parameters.
- the different curves C11 to C16 correspond to different configurations in terms of cutting speed, frequency of vibration of the cutting blade and cutting angle which are listed in the table below.
- the algorithm automatically triggers an alert to program a cutting edge sharpening operation of the cutting blade.
- This advantageous arrangement therefore provides for automatically triggering an alert to request the change of the sharpening bands of the sharpening tool as soon as the difference between the amplitude of the variable chosen to determine the threshold value after a cycle sharpening and the magnitude of the variable chosen to determine the threshold value before the sharpening operation becomes less than a predetermined threshold.
- This advantageous arrangement thus makes it possible to determine the moment when the sharpening bands will have to be changed in order to maintain a cutting power compatible with the quality requirements and not to significantly increase the frequency of sharpenings which penalize the productivity of the cutting machines.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2200700A FR3132040B1 (fr) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Procédé de pilotage automatique d’un déclenchement d’un affûtage du fil tranchant d’une lame de coupe pour machine de coupe |
| PCT/FR2023/050101 WO2023144490A1 (fr) | 2022-01-27 | 2023-01-25 | Procédé de pilotage automatique d'un déclenchement d'un affûtage du fil tranchant d'une lame de coupe pour machine de coupe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4445231A1 true EP4445231A1 (fr) | 2024-10-16 |
Family
ID=81327480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23706405.0A Pending EP4445231A1 (fr) | 2022-01-27 | 2023-01-25 | Procédé de pilotage automatique d'un déclenchement d'un affûtage du fil tranchant d'une lame de coupe pour machine de coupe |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4445231A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025503234A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20240141804A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118696279A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3132040B1 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX2024009013A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023144490A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4294047A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-10-13 | Gerber Garment Technology, Inc. | Method of sharpening lateral edges and end edges of a blade during reciprocation thereof |
| FR2652029B1 (fr) * | 1989-09-15 | 1995-01-27 | Lectra Systemes Sa | Methode et dispositif d'affutage automatique pour des lames coupe telles que celles utilisees dans les machines de coupe automatiques. |
| FR3108542B1 (fr) | 2020-03-31 | 2022-04-01 | Lectra | Procédé de détermination de composantes d’un torseur d’actions mécaniques au point de guidage d’une lame de coupe pour machine de coupe |
| EP3922403A1 (fr) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-12-15 | Franz Kessler GmbH | Unité de machine-outil doté d'un capteur d'outil et procédé permettant de détecter une charge de coupe d'un outil |
-
2022
- 2022-01-27 FR FR2200700A patent/FR3132040B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-01-25 KR KR1020247028587A patent/KR20240141804A/ko active Pending
- 2023-01-25 EP EP23706405.0A patent/EP4445231A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-01-25 CN CN202380017836.XA patent/CN118696279A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-25 MX MX2024009013A patent/MX2024009013A/es unknown
- 2023-01-25 JP JP2024544807A patent/JP2025503234A/ja active Pending
- 2023-01-25 WO PCT/FR2023/050101 patent/WO2023144490A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2025503234A (ja) | 2025-01-30 |
| FR3132040A1 (fr) | 2023-07-28 |
| FR3132040B1 (fr) | 2025-07-04 |
| CN118696279A (zh) | 2024-09-24 |
| KR20240141804A (ko) | 2024-09-27 |
| WO2023144490A1 (fr) | 2023-08-03 |
| MX2024009013A (es) | 2024-08-06 |
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