EP4448258A1 - Procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes et réceptacle de positionnement pour/avec un produit semi-fini de verre de lunettes - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes et réceptacle de positionnement pour/avec un produit semi-fini de verre de lunettes

Info

Publication number
EP4448258A1
EP4448258A1 EP22838684.3A EP22838684A EP4448258A1 EP 4448258 A1 EP4448258 A1 EP 4448258A1 EP 22838684 A EP22838684 A EP 22838684A EP 4448258 A1 EP4448258 A1 EP 4448258A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semi
spectacle lens
positioning
finished
orientation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22838684.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes CLAAR
Holger Schäfer
Steffen Wallendorf
Michael Kreis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satisloh AG
Original Assignee
Satisloh AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Satisloh AG filed Critical Satisloh AG
Publication of EP4448258A1 publication Critical patent/EP4448258A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00432—Auxiliary operations, e.g. machines for filling the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/18—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for positioning only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
    • B24B13/005—Blocking means, chucks or the like; Alignment devices
    • B24B13/0055—Positioning of lenses; Marking of lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00317—Production of lenses with markings or patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00865—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00932—Combined cutting and grinding thereof
    • B29D11/00942—Combined cutting and grinding thereof where the lens material is mounted in a support for mounting onto a cutting device, e.g. a lathe, and where the support is of machinable material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method of manufacturing eyeglass lenses.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing spectacle lenses made of plastic, for example polycarbonate, CR39 or so-called "high index" materials, as is the case in so-called "RX workshops", ie production facilities for the manufacture of individual spectacle lenses according to prescription in very is practiced on a large scale.
  • the invention relates to a positioning fixture for a semi-finished spectacle lens, which can be used in such a method, and to a combination of such a positioning fixture and a semi-finished spectacle lens.
  • the method described here as well as the positioning fixture described here are very well suited, for example, for use in combination with or in methods for machining spectacle lenses, as described in the older German patent applications DE 102021 004 831.8 and DE 102021 005 399.0 are disclosed by the same applicant, and/or use in conjunction with a workpiece holder, as is the subject of the earlier German patent application DE 102021 005 202.1 by the same applicant, and/or with a workpiece holding head, as is the case in the earlier German patent application DE 10 2021 005 399.0 of the same applicant.
  • the block piece represents a receptacle or machine interface for processing the workpiece in order to be able to drive the workpiece in rotation during processing and to reliably hold it in a constantly defined position and orientation in space.
  • the previously known process chain outlined in this respect includes two sequences which represent necessary auxiliary processes but do not themselves increase the value of the spectacle lens produced. It would therefore be desirable to have a process chain that does not require these auxiliary processes.
  • it has already been proposed in the prior art to work "without blocks" in the production of the optically effective surfaces of spectacle lenses see, for example, the publications WO 2015/059007 A1, US Pat. No.
  • the last-mentioned publication DE 103 10 561 A1 discloses a method for the prescription or individual prescription production of spectacle lenses, in which plastic blanks in the form of flat, round discs are used. The plastic blanks used are clamped at the outer edge and then the desired final surface geometry and surface quality of the convex front side of the lens and the concave back side of the lens are produced by machining with milling and/or turning tools as well as by fine grinding and possibly polishing. During machining, a ring-shaped area on the outer circumference of the workpiece remains in greater thickness.
  • This ring-shaped area is used for all machining and transport processes to clamp or set down the workpiece. It also supports and stabilizes the actual lens for further processing. Shapes—for example in the form of flattened areas or recesses—are applied to the ring-shaped area, which are used to identify the machining axes. Furthermore, fine markings are applied to the surface of the actual spectacle lens, which serve to identify the axial position of the surface geometries produced. connecting The spectacle lens is then separated from the ring-shaped area.
  • the older German patent application DE 102021 005 399.0 also deals with the topic of how it can be ensured without using a block piece in an efficient process chain for machining spectacle lenses that the position and orientation of the workpiece in space is always unambiguous are known.
  • This means that spectacle lens blanks do not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical workpieces; they can also have surface geometries that deviate from spherical or flat geometries, for example toric surface geometries, particularly on the preformed front side.
  • the older German patent application DE 10 2021 005 399.0 proposes a method for machining spectacle lenses, which generally comprises the following main steps: i) providing the blank, which is to be machined at least on the back; ii) defining and determining the location and position of the blank in space; iii) non-blocking picking up of the blank on the rear side, taking into account the location and position information determined in the main step ii), by means of a workpiece holding head arranged such that it can be positioned spatially in a defined manner for the supported holding of the workpiece; iv) measuring the blank held by the workpiece holding head on the front side in order to record the front side geometry; v) Direct transfer of the workpiece from the workpiece holding head to a workpiece holder that can be positioned in a defined position and at an angle for blockless picking up of the workpiece on the front side, taking into account supply of the front side geometry information recorded in the main step iv) and for the supported holding of the workpiece; and vi
  • the workpiece to be machined is "taken in hand” by the workpiece holding head in method step iii), specifically from a position and with a spatial orientation that is known after method step ii), and only “put out of hand” again when the workpiece is handed over to the workpiece holder, for example a generator, in process step v).
  • the workpiece is not “put down” by the workpiece holding head, so that the position and orientation of the workpiece in space are always clearly defined.
  • the “responsibility” and control over the position and orientation of the workpiece only lie there after the workpiece has been handed over to the workpiece holder, for example the generator, in step v).
  • the workpiece holding head "takes over" the functions of the block piece in the previously known prior art in a defined section of the method for machining spectacle lenses, but without the need to use a block piece and consequently without the associated associated disadvantages.
  • a further challenge of "blockless" processing arises - after the generation of the optically active form of the spectacle lens - from the lack of location and position information without a block piece, which in the prior art about the block piece from one processing machine to the next processing machine be handed over.
  • This location and location information is used, for example, in the marking process and in the final edge processing processing of the spectacle lens semi-finished product in the edger.
  • the present invention deals with this topic.
  • One way of acquiring information is to determine the location and position of the partially machined semi-finished spectacle lens at the beginning of the subsequent process, for example in the marking device, eg a laser engraver, or in an edger as an edge processing device. It is conceivable here, for example, to determine the required information using a combination of optical measuring devices, as is already being used in some edgers. However, this is associated with a comparatively high outlay in terms of device technology and is also time-consuming in actual use.
  • the document DE 10 2016 112 999 A1 cited above for the "blockless” state of the art can also be generally inferred that the round peripheral edge of a spectacle lens to be machined on the surface - blank, ie small indentations can be formed before the generation, which serve for alignment during processing, in particular when rotationally asymmetrical surfaces are produced.
  • the document EP 2 631 033 B1 also cited above for the "blockless” prior art, discloses a method and a device for processing spectacle lens blanks, an optional sub-step of this method being that an orientation groove program is carried out with a milling tool , in which an orientation groove is milled into the radial circumference of the spectacle lens blank (cf.
  • the method disclosed herein comprises the following steps: (a) providing a lens blank having a front face, a back face opposite the front face, and a peripheral edge surface connecting the front and back faces; (b) Providing a first holding device with a first processing reference system, which is defined by three translation directions, which correspond to the three axes of an orthonormal base coordinate system, and by three rotation directions running around the three translation directions, with two of the three translation directions in one and the lie in the same first plane and the other of the three translation directions lies in a second plane; (c) picking up the lens blank on the first holding device in a first position in which the back of the lens blank faces the first holding device, which is designed in such a way that it holds the lens blank - e.g.
  • the at least one mechanical reference element on the lens blank is generally formed by machining at least one beveled zone, which is produced at least in the peripheral edge surface and either in the front or rear outside the optically usable zone, while the at least one complementary mechanical Reference element is formed by at least one shoulder on the second holding means, which is designed so that it receives the at least one beveled zone of the referenced lens blank in conditioning.
  • a reference element is worked on the semi-finished lens blank in order to obtain a referenced semi-finished lens blank, which is received in a second holding device for rear side machining, in which the referenced element is located.
  • the semi-finished lens blank is then positioned and oriented with its reference element in a mechanically form-fitting manner on a counter-geometry, ie the complementary mechanical reference element of the second holding device.
  • Editing of the second the referenced semi-finished lens blank received and held in the holding device should then include not only machining the rear side by turning, for example, but also machining the peripheral edge surface, polishing the rear side and engraving the rear side.
  • US Pat. No. 10,215,888 B2 discloses a similar method for producing an optical lens with a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, which includes positioning the second surface relative to the first surface for machining the second surface .
  • positioning guides here in the form of cylindrical, beveled and flat sections, are machined on the edge of the semi-finished spectacle lens product that is produced in a subsequent This step - which can also take place in another production facility - is used to position and orientate the semi-finished spectacle lens in an assigned positioning ring with corresponding counter-geometries before the back surface of the semi-finished spectacle lens is machined.
  • both the spectacle lens blank for processing the front surface and the spectacle lens semi-finished product for processing the rear surface each after attachment of a protective layer, on a block and retaining pin or the positioning ring using a block material such as blocked with a liquid metal alloy before the respective machining takes place, whereupon the machined workpiece has to be blocked again.
  • the present invention wants to avoid such protection, blocking and blocking steps.
  • the object of the invention is firstly to create a method for the production of spectacle lenses that is as simple as possible, which addresses the above-described problems without using a block piece and in particular a consistently precise and high-quality machining of workpieces in an efficient manner.
  • the object of the invention includes the provision - secondly - of a positioning receptacle for a spectacle lens semi-finished product that is simply designed and can be used as flexibly as possible for different workpiece dimensions, in particular for use in the above method Location and position of the semi-finished spectacle lens in space, and - thirdly - a combination of such a positioning recording with a semi-finished spectacle lens particularly suitably prepared in the course of the above method.
  • a process for the production of spectacle lenses, in which material is removed and/or added, starting with a blank using a semi-finished product to form a finished part with predetermined surface geometries on two sides, namely a front side and a rear side facing away therefrom, and with a contoured edge between the two sides, according to the invention comprises the following main steps: i) providing or creating the blank to be machined on at least one side and on the edge; ii) generating an optically active form of the spectacle lens by removing and/or applying material to at least one side of the blank to form a semi-finished product which has an edge region; followed by at least one further main step from a group of main steps iii) to vi), comprising the main steps: iii) polishing the semi-finished product on at least one of the sides to reduce the surface roughness; iv) marking the semi-finished product on at least one of the sides with a permanent mark; v) Coating of the semi-finished product on at least one of the sides for finishing the
  • optically active shape generally means the translucent or refractive surface shape or curvature of the spectacle lens, which has a corrective effect against ametropia - such as in the case of prescription spectacle lenses - or no corrective effect - such as in the case of simple sunglass lenses - can have.
  • the orientation structure in the edge region of the spectacle lens Worked semi-finished product which clearly defines the position and orientation of the spectacle lens semi-finished product in space.
  • This orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used to determine the location and position of the semi-finished spectacle lens for the main generation step that is temporary and no longer required after adaptation to/into the frame shape of the spectacle frame.
  • the main steps in the production of spectacle lenses can easily be found by means of the positioning receptacle, which has a corresponding or complementary positioning structure, via a mechanical form-fitting engagement.
  • the semi-finished spectacle lens is placed in the positioning receptacle provided at a defined point in space, in which the semi-finished spectacle lens is mechanically aligned in a form-fitting manner, so that the location and position of the semi-finished spectacle lens in the are known and for which / in the subsequent process(es) do not have to be determined again.
  • the position According to the invention, the semi-finished spectacle lens component recorded in a clearly defined kidney receptacle is now moved or transported together with the positioning receptacle to the corresponding production cell or site responsible for the respective main step.
  • the positioning mount itself can, for example, be accommodated in a work or recipe box in a form-fitting manner or mounted in a force-fitting manner, or it can be an integral part of the box.
  • a positioned and oriented transport of the semi-finished spectacle lens allows at any point in the subsequent process a quasi "blind" removal of the semi-finished spectacle lens from the positioning receptacle in order to transport the semi-finished spectacle lens for the respective further main step of the main steps iii) to vi). known position and orientation to the corresponding further processing device.
  • a renewed determination of the position and orientation of the spectacle lens semi-finished product and the expenditure on equipment and time associated therewith can thus be saved in the respective main step.
  • the procedure between the further main steps iii) to vi) can be correspondingly efficient, ie the spectacle lens semi-finished product can be put back into the positioning receptacle after the respective processing and then together with the positioning receptacle with a clearly defined position and orientation to the production cell or site be transported for the next main step.
  • the mechanically form-fitting detection and definition with regard to the position and orientation of the semi-finished eyeglass lens also in the fact that this type of "aligning" information acquisition is very robust and far-reaching. independently of environmental influences, such as light or darkness, dryness or wetness, etc.
  • the combination of positioning structure on the positioning receptacle "takes over" and complementarily or appropriately formed orientation structure on the spectacle lens semi-finished product for various main steps of the process for the production of spectacle lenses quasi a main function of the block piece in the prior art, but without the need to use a block piece and consequently without the associated disadvantages.
  • a preformed blank can be provided which still has to be processed in the subsequent steps, but alternatively also a Blank only through an additive process, such as 3D printing or the like. can be created before processing takes place in the subsequent steps.
  • the optically active shape of the spectacle lens can be formed by material-removing, ie subtractive processes or material-adding, ie additive processes, with the semi-finished spectacle lens product produced in any case treating or edging an edge area. received, is the attachment location of the aforementioned orientation structure.
  • the location and position information for the spectacle lens semi-finished product being coherent interaction of the orientation structure on the workpiece and the positioning structure on the positioning aid that is transported are known and can be passed on.
  • the location and position information on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used to proceed with a specific polishing strategy in which the polishing tool engages with the workpiece at a predetermined point and the workpiece is repositioned at a predetermined point. who leaves.
  • the location and position information transferred to the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used, for example in the case of power variation lenses, to enter the standardized information (marking for alignment, information on the additional near power or change in power, manufacturer information) at a predetermined point on the Spectacle lens semi-finished product permanently - for example mechanically or by means of a laser.
  • the location and position information on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used, for example, to apply a gradient tint in a predetermined alignment to the spectacle lens using a suitable coating process (vacuum or dip coating, printing, or the like). sen semi-finished product or to laminate a prepared patch at a defined point and/or with a specific orientation on the semi-finished spectacle lens product for lens finishing, etc.
  • a suitable coating process vacuum or dip coating, printing, or the like.
  • the Place and position information handed over to the semi-finished product naturally serve in a manner known per se to select the finished spectacle lens from the "correct" area of the semi-finished spectacle lens finished product and with regard to the desired optical effect, if necessary with an edge and/or center thickness optimization effect of correct alignment, for example by "edges" in the case of a subtractive form of geometry formation.
  • edges in the case of a subtractive form of geometry formation.
  • any fastening structures for the respective spectacle frame on the spectacle lens semi-finished product such as facets, steps or shoulders, bores, etc., which (also) can be the subject of this main step vi).
  • the spectacle lens semi-finished product can be moved or transported manually or automatically together with the positioning mount.
  • the initial placement of the eyeglass lens semi-finished product provided with the orientation structure in or on the positioning receptacle for Mechanically form-fitting alignment of the semi-finished spectacle lens before further transport to the respective main step iii) to vi) can take place, for example, with the aid of the workpiece holding head disclosed in the earlier German patent application DE 102021 005 399.0 by the same applicant.
  • a positioning receptacle for a semi-finished spectacle lens product is proposed, in particular for use in the above method for the production of spectacle lenses, with a base body having a central axis, which carries the positioning structure, the at least three positioning sections for the Spectacle lens semi-finished product which is placed in an irregular arrangement around the central axis and is formed by projections which run obliquely with respect to the central axis of the base body and/or are arranged radially displaceable with respect to the central axis, the positioning structure having an overall geometry , to which the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be designed to match, so that a mechanical form fit between the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle and the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used to determine the location and position of a semi-finished spectacle lens held on the positioning receptacle of the base body are clearly and unambiguously definable.
  • the effect of projections of the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle that are inclined with respect to the central axis consists in particular in the fact that for spectacle lens semi-finished products with different outer diameters, different positioning receptacles do not have to be provided specifically, but rather one and the same positioning receptacle in principle is suitable for accommodating semi-finished spectacle lenses with different outer diameters.
  • the projections can also be used with respect to the central axis to adapt to different workpiece diameters be arranged to be radially displaceable, which advantageously enables the storage and orientation of spectacle lens semi-finished products with different lens diameters even in an embodiment of the positioning receptacle with projections aligned parallel to the central axis.
  • this aspect of the present invention is to be seen independently of the above-discussed joint transport of the oriented semi-finished spectacle lens product with the positioning receptacle.
  • this positioning receptacle can therefore be fixedly arranged at a predetermined point and with a known orientation on the respective machine or device on or in which the respective main step iii) to vi) is carried out.
  • this positioning receptacle can also be designed to be mobile.
  • the positioning receptacle can be mounted, for example, in a work box or recipe box that is moved back and forth between the individual machines or devices for the main steps ii) to vi).
  • the positioning recording itself in a particularly simple configuration, for example, on its base with a mounting hole and an orientation groove, a blind hole or the like. be provided to ensure clear positioning and orientation at their respective installation location (machine, device, work box, etc.).
  • An example of a use of the proposed positioning mount that is independent of the transport aspect discussed above is the following application: First, the orientation structures are processed on the semi-finished spectacle lens as described above. Then the machined or additively machined semi-finished spectacle lens is transported from the generator to the downstream machines in a known, unoriented manner. In a downstream machine, the unoriented semi-finished spectacle lens is transported to a simple video station where the rotational position is recorded around the central axis of the semi-finished spectacle lens is determined using the orientation structures that have been processed.
  • the semi-finished spectacle lens is placed in the correct rotational position on the positioning mount according to the invention, whereby it aligns itself automatically in the remaining degrees of freedom as a result of the corresponding form fit, so that the position and orientation of the semi-finished spectacle lens are clearly defined for the further process.
  • the invention also provides a combination of a positioning recording designed as described above and a spectacle lens semi-finished product that has a in particular has an orientation structure which has been worked on according to the above method and which mechanically engages with the positioning structure of the positioning receptacle in a form-fitting manner.
  • the orientation structure by an additive process on the semi-finished spectacle lens by, for example, suitably shaped projections or webs or limiting material for suitably shaped recesses being applied to the semi-finished spectacle lens by printing, for example.
  • the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens is formed by removing material, namely by machining it.
  • orientation structure which can advantageously be formed before, during or after the production of the circumferential groove or step or the circumferential indentation in the course of the older method with the first tool or another tool .
  • the orientation structure has three orientation sections which are formed in an irregular arrangement around a central axis of the spectacle lens semi-finished product.
  • orientation sections are sufficient to fix the spectacle lens semi-finished product in all six degrees of freedom of movement in space—namely three independent, ie orthogonal, translatory degrees of freedom and three rotational degrees of freedom about three mutually independent axes .
  • the six degrees of freedom of movement in space can also be "divided" into more than three orientation sections of the orientation structure, for example three orientation sections which are evenly spaced angularly from one another with respect to the central axis of the semi-finished spectacle lens product plus a further orientation section. section for determining the angular position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product about the central axis, etc., which is less preferred because it would involve additional effort.
  • the processing of the orientation structure in the edge area of the semi-finished spectacle lens also includes the individual orientation sections of the orientation structure at points in the edge area of the front side, in the edge area of the back side, at the edge, at the transition from the front side to the edge or at the transition from the back to the edge of the spectacle lens semi-finished product or distributed over these locations. From these points, for example in process optimization for the individual orientation sections, those points on the semi-finished spectacle lens product are expediently selected which can best be reached in the respective sub-step of generation, or vice versa, when specifying the locations of the individual orientation sections at already existing positioning recording, that sub-step of generation selected in which the respective location is most accessible.
  • the orientation structure is to be attached when the spectacle lens blank is held on its rear side by means of a workpiece holding head, as is the case in the earlier German patent application DE 102021 004 831.8 or the earlier German patent application DE 102021 005 399.0 of the same If the applicant is described in detail, locations in the edge area of the front side, at the transition from the front side to the edge or at the edge of the semi-finished spectacle lens product are suitable for the formation of the individual orientation sections.
  • the orientation structure is to be attached when the front side of the semi-finished spectacle lens product is fully supported by means of a workpiece holder, as is the case, for example, in the earlier German patent application DE 10 2021 005 202.1 or also in the earlier German patent application DE 10 2021 005 399.0 of the same applicant, places in the edge area of the back or at the transition from the back to the edge of the semi-finished spectacle lens are suitable for the formation of the individual orientation sections.
  • the individual orientation sections of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens are to be designed in such a way that, with the aid of the positioning recording, they enable unambiguous recognition and determination of the location and position of the semi-finished spectacle lens in space.
  • the individual orientation sections of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens can be used for this purpose in conjunction with a respectively suitably designed positioning receptacle.
  • the individual orientation sections can lie on different radii with respect to the central axis of the semi-finished spectacle lens in its edge region, possibly even at a uniform angular distance from one another.
  • this would result in certain restrictions as far as the area of the semi-finished spectacle lens that can ultimately be used to form the rimmed spectacle lens is concerned, so that such an arrangement of the orientation sections on the semi-finished spectacle lens is only possible for certain peripheral shapes of spectacle lenses.
  • a method configuration is preferred in which the orientation sections of the orientation structure with different geometries and/or with different dimensions and/or at different angular distances from one another on the semi-finished spectacle lens with respect to the central axis of the semi-finished spectacle lens be formed. It is also conducive to the simplest possible formation of the orientation structure if the orientation sections of the orientation structure are preferably designed as grooves—ie recesses or depressions in the material—or as webs—in the sense of Projections or overhangs - are formed on the spectacle lens semi-finished product. This is possible both in a removing, eg machining process - as is currently preferred - and in an application, ie additive process.
  • Grooves just like ridges, can be produced by applying the groove-limiting or ridge-forming material. Using conventional, in particular machining, manufacturing technologies, it is also possible in a simple manner to remove excess material for forming the grooves or webs. In a special case, ridges have a possible advantage over grooves as an orientation structure, namely when the final edge geometry of the spectacle lens is not yet known or is very close to a pre-processed edge shape. In such a case, there is a risk that the incorporation of grooves will damage the final edge shape.
  • the positioning sections of the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle can be formed in an advantageously simple manner by projections that are integrally formed with the base body or are attached to the base body as pins.
  • the projections formed in one piece with the base body can also be pin-shaped in a simple manner, although alternatively a web-shaped design of the projections is also conceivable.
  • the projections forming the positioning sections can also be designed or arranged in such a way that the projections are arranged at an uneven angular distance from one another in relation to the central axis of the base body when viewed from above and/or that the projections are the same protrude far from the base body and/or that the projections have a circular cross-section and/or that one of the projections has a slightly larger diameter than the other projections.
  • a uniform angular spacing of the projections with respect to the central axis of the base body is also possible in principle if the form-fitting, unambiguous location and positional relationship between the spectacle lens semi-finished product and the positioning recording is determined by other parameters or features of the projections of the positioning structure or the respectively assigned Recesses of the orientation structure would be defined (for example, a further groove or the like.
  • the orientation of the spectacle lens semi-finished product with a further, associated projection on the positioning receptacle would regularly involve additional effort and is therefore less preferred.
  • three projections could be distributed around the central axis of the base body at 0°, 90° and 225°.
  • the projections of the positioning structure with respect to the base body are preferred, also because this simplifies the production of the positioning receptacle, it is basically also possible to have the projections protrude to different extents from the base body, for example in order to achieve a certain tilting of the form-fitting to realize recorded eyeglass lens semi-finished product with respect to the positioning recording.
  • Such a—prismatic—tilting of the semi-finished spectacle lens can of course also be brought about by designing the associated recesses of the orientation structure in the semi-finished spectacle lens to have different depths with the same free length of the projections on the positioning receptacle.
  • the circular shape - compared to other cross-sectional shapes that are also possible (triangular, quadrangular or polygonal, oval, etc.) - among other things preferred because the circular shape can be realized particularly easily, for example, by using commercially available cylinder pins made of steel, which are readily available on the market as standard parts and which are also advantageously abrasion-resistant and wear-free.
  • the respectively associated, complementary recess can then be formed as an orientation section of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens product particularly quickly and easily using a rotating tool.
  • the projections of the positioning receptacle can also have the same diameter, in order to enable the use of identical parts, for example.
  • the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens can then be produced in a simple manner, in particular in the above method, in such a way that the orientation sections of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens, which are shaped as grooves, all have an identical clear opening width "dimensionally between”. have the diameters of the projections.
  • the situation is that one (numeral!) of the groove-shaped orientation sections of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens has a clear opening width that is smaller than the diameter of the associated projection on the positioning mount, while the other orientation Sections of the orientation structure on the spectacle lens semi-finished product have a clear opening width that is larger than a diameter of the associated projections on the positioning receptacle.
  • the projections with the smaller diameter lie against a (numeral!) contact point in the groove base of the assigned groove of the orientation structure, while the projection with the larger diameter has two contact points with the orientation structure at the open end of the groove or at the Groove edge has what a very stable rotational position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product with respect to the central axis of the positioning mount.
  • a reversal of the geometric relationships on the grooves of the orientation structure and the projections of the positioning receptacle—ie, for example, three grooves with different clear opening widths (one smaller, two larger) meet three projections of the same dimensions with a diameter between these opening widths to achieve a comparable "position stabilization effect" is of course also conceivable.
  • the projections running obliquely with respect to the central axis of the base body intersect the central axis of the base body with their central axes and/or that the central axes of the projections form an angle ⁇ with the central axis of the base body include, which is greater than or equal to 30 ° and less than or equal to 60 °, and / or that the projections with their peripheral surfaces, the positioning of the positioning structure Form the support of the orientation sections of the orientation structure on the respective semi-finished spectacle lens.
  • the projections of the positioning structure are only preferably inclined in space in such a way that the central axes of the projections intersect the central axis of the base body of the positioning receptacle, more preferably even at a common point. Neither the intersection of the above-mentioned central axes per se nor the meeting of the central axes in a common point has to be the case at the positioning mount, but it simplifies the machine kinematics and mathematics of the tool path control required for the formation of the orientation sections on the semi-finished spectacle lens.
  • the angle ⁇ that best suits the geometry and the dimensions of the usually to be machined is to be selected expediently Spectacle lens semi-finished products fits.
  • the angle ⁇ must not be too small ("steep" positioning recording), because this would restrict the recording possibilities of the positioning recording to rather few, rather smaller diameter spectacle lens semi-finished products.
  • the angle ⁇ must not be too large ("flat" positioning recording), because this could cause problems with strongly curved semi-finished spectacle lenses with large opening angles, since these are not then in the edge area where the orientation structure could be accommodated on the projections of the positioning receptacle, rather there would be the risk of a radially inner surface contact of the spectacle lens semi-finished product with the projections of the positioning receptacle.
  • the claimed A range of 30° to 60° for the angle ⁇ was found by the inventors to be a good compromise.
  • the individual projections of the positioning receptacle with their central axes can also enclose different angles ⁇ with the central axis of the base body.
  • the inclined or sloping projections of the positioning receptacle seen in a plan view along the central axis of the base body, can either extend radially outwards from a central base body or radially inwards from a base body that is used for the oblique running projections starting or fastening points, which are arranged substantially on an imaginary circle around a central axis of the positioning receptacle.
  • the base body can have webs which, like the prongs of a crown, are distributed at equal or unequal angular distances from one another around the central axis of the positioning receptacle and on which said starting or attachment points for the projections are provided.
  • one (or more) of such base bodies can also be an integral part of a work or prescription box for the oriented transport of the semi-finished spectacle lenses or a fixed part of a processing device, depending on the use of the positioning mount.
  • the (inclination) angle ⁇ of the central axes of the projections to the central axis of the base body of the positioning mount has a further meaning: do the orientation sections of the orientation structure, preferably shaped as grooves, ture on the spectacle lens semi-finished product has an essentially straight groove base--which is also preferred--which encloses an angle .beta. with the central axis of the base body of the positioning receptacle, the latter should preferably be different from the angle Include projections of the positioning mount with the central axis of the base body.
  • the deviation of the angle ⁇ from the angle ⁇ should preferably be between 2° and 40°, and more preferably between 5° and 15°, as found by the inventors.
  • An advantageous effect of this optional angular deviation is that there is no line contact between the respective groove of the orientation structure on the semi-finished spectacle lens and the associated projection of the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle, but rather a point contact. Such a point contact then only exists at one longitudinal end of the straight groove or at the other longitudinal end of the same, depending on whether the angle ⁇ is larger or smaller than the angle ⁇ .
  • this point contact between the semi-finished spectacle lens and the positioning receptacle exists radially on the inside of the orientation structure, which can be advantageous for semi-finished spectacle lenses that have a rather thin edge, e.g. so-called “plus lenses”. " (Lens thickness decreases towards the edge). If, on the other hand, the angle ⁇ is smaller than the angle ß, said point contact is radially on the outside of the orientation structure, which is suitable for semi-finished spectacle lenses with a rather thick edge, for example so-called “minus glasses” (lens thickness increases towards the edge).
  • this point contact is in turn conducive to a particularly precise and clear bearing of the orientation structure of the semi-finished spectacle lens on the positioning structure of the positioning receptacle.
  • the positioning receptacle with projections as positioning sections of the positioning structure it can also be provided that the projections extend with their central axes essentially parallel to the central axis of the base body from one end face of the base body - extend away pers and form the positioning sections of the positioning structure with their free ends and/or that the projections are designed in the shape of spherical caps at their free ends.
  • Such a "parallel" alternative to the positioning mount with projections is particularly suitable for cases in which the individual orientation sections of the orientation structure (have to) be located in the edge area of the front side or in the edge area of the back side of the semi-finished spectacle lens, for example because the edge of the spectacle lens - semi-finished product is relatively thin and/or fragile.
  • the individual projections can then optionally also be designed to be adjustable in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the base body, as already mentioned above.
  • the free ends of the parallel projections of the positioning receptacle for the form-fitting engagement with the, for example, prismatically shaped orientation sections of the orientation structure on the spectacle lens semi-finished product can be conical or pointed, for example, in order to ensure point contact at the respective intervention point between - To bring about a positioning section and an orientation section.
  • the free ends of the projections are designed in the shape of a spherical cap.
  • An advantage of such an embodiment of the positioning is in particular that on the central passage with a stamp or the like. can be attacked on one of the sides of the positioned and aligned semi-finished eyeglass lens, while on the opposite side of the semi-finished eyeglass lens, for example, a counter punch acts to move the semi-finished eyeglass lens in/for one of the further main steps iii) to vi) to keep.
  • a counter punch acts to move the semi-finished eyeglass lens in/for one of the further main steps iii) to vi) to keep.
  • the positioning receptacle can then be moved away in the direction of its central axis from the semi-finished spectacle lens product via the punch or the counter punch - or vice versa the one held between the punches Spectacle lens semi-finished product from the positioning fixture or both - to allow a tool attack on the semi-finished spectacle lens now held in space in a defined manner.
  • the main step of generating ii) comprises a further sub-step in which in the edge area of the semi-finished spectacle lens, a holding structure is worked on, whereby after the mechanical form-fitting alignment of the semi-finished spectacle lens on the positioning receptacle, the semi-finished spectacle lens is held on the positioning receptacle with the aid of the retaining structure, while further processing or transport of the Spectacle lens semi-finished product takes place.
  • the positioning receptacle can optionally be provided with a holding arrangement which is adapted to engage with the spectacle lens semi-finished product, in particular the holding structure on the spectacle lens semi-finished product, in order to position the spectacle lens semi-finished product with its orientation structure in positive engagement with the positioning structure to hold on the positioning receptacle.
  • a holding arrangement based on a union nut principle is conceivable.
  • the holding arrangement has a lever which is articulated at one end to the base body of the positioning receptacle and is provided with a weight at its other, free end.
  • This lever can also be designed and dimensioned in such a way that it can be in a lowered or pivoted-down position with its free lever end at the central point of a semi-finished spectacle lens received in the positioning receptacle in order to hold the correspondingly "weighted" semi-finished spectacle lens in its form-fitting engagement with the positioning receptacle.
  • the free end of the lever can be padded on its side facing the semi-finished spectacle lens with suitable padding made of foam or the like. be provided.
  • the lever can also be designed as an angle lever, for example, with a leg for "weighting down" the semi-finished spectacle lens product from above during transport, as described above. and a further leg for controlling the movement of the angle lever.
  • the other leg can be about a control pin or the like.
  • the "weighting down" of a semi-finished spectacle lens that has just been inserted into the positioning receptacle can be automated, for example by means of a gate-controlled angle lever, as described.
  • the optional holding arrangement on the positioning receptacle can have a plurality of - e.g.
  • three - hold-down devices which are expediently angularly spaced from one another with respect to the central axis of the base body of the positioning receptacle basic body distributed are arranged and/or are articulated in a pivotable manner on the base body of the positioning receptacle and/or are embodied in an angular manner.
  • the movable arrangement of the hold-down devices on the base body are also conceivable, e.g. with the aid of a linear guide arrangement aligned radially with respect to the central axis of the main body, and/or a different geometry of the hold-down device, for example U-shaped or C-shaped, albeit currently less preferred.
  • the holding arrangement can finally engage in a form-fitting manner with the holding structure, so that the Spectacle lens semi-finished product is held securely on the positioning mount.
  • the spectacle lens semi-finished product held in this way can now be further processed as desired or required and/or transported between the individual processing steps in a captive manner.
  • the configuration with a holding structure/holding arrangement also advantageously avoids the risk of “slipping” during transport, during which at least the defined position and orientation of the semi-finished spectacle lens product would be lost.
  • the holding structure that may be worked on the semi-finished spectacle lens is only a temporary geometry that is completely removed in the last main step vi) of manufacturing the spectacle lens, ie when the frame shape of the spectacle lens is formed, unless it can - at least partially - for example as a shoulder or step - can also be used to fasten the finished spectacle lens in the spectacle frame.
  • Sub-step includes in which an orientation structure is attached to the workpiece, which is used for the / in the subsequent process(es) to determine or lay down the location and position of the workpiece in space;
  • 2 shows a perspective view of a workpiece holding head of a machining device, on which a semi-finished spectacle lens as a workpiece is held without blocking and supported with its rear side, while according to a concrete first exemplary embodiment of the invention at the transition from the front side towards the edge of the workpiece, the orientation structure is worked on the workpiece by means of a rotationally driven end mill, with those body edges which can only be seen through the transparent workpiece being represented by dashed lines;
  • 3 shows an enlargement of detail III in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a positioning receptacle for a spectacle lens semi-finished product, in particular for use in a method according to the invention for the production of spectacle lenses, with a positioning structure that corresponds to the orientation structure worked on the spectacle lens semi-finished product according to FIG embodiment fits;
  • 5 shows a plan view of the positioning mount according to FIG. 4 from above in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 which illustrates that three positioning sections of the positioning structure are formed by obliquely running pins protruding from a base body and which are unevenly angularly spaced from one another with respect to a central axis of the base body are arranged;
  • 6 shows a perspective view of a combination of the positioning mount from FIG. 4 and a spectacle lens semi-finished product with a relatively large diameter, which has an orientation structure processed according to FIG. those body edges which can only be seen through the transparent workpiece are again shown with dashed lines;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 6 of a combination of the positioning receptacle of FIG 4 and a spectacle lens semi-finished product with a relatively small diameter, which in turn has an orientation structure which has been processed in accordance with FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a combination of the positioning receptacle according to FIG. 4, in which one of the pins of the positioning structure forming the positioning sections has a larger diameter than the other pins—which is better in FIG. 8 at the top right with a view of the thicker pin illustration is shown greatly exaggerated - and a relatively large-diameter spectacle lens semi-finished product, which has an orientation structure, processed according to Fig. 2, dimensionally identical orientation sections, which mechanically positively engages with the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle, viewed along the central axis of one of the smaller-diameter pins and again with the body edges covered by the workpiece in dashed lines; 9 shows an enlargement of detail IX in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 which shows how one of the smaller-diameter pins of the positioning structure of the positioning receptacle bears against a point on the groove base of the orientation section of the orientation structure designed as a groove on the semifinished spectacle lens product; 10 is a perspective view of the combination according to FIG. 8, which, compared to the representation in FIG. is rotated so that the line of sight is along the central axis of the larger-diameter pin; 11 shows an enlargement of detail XI in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 which illustrates how the larger-diameter pin of the positioning structure of the positioning receptacle rests at two points on the groove edge of the orientation section of the orientation structure, which is designed as a groove, on the semi-finished spectacle lens product in order to to stabilize the rotational position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product around the central axis of the base body of the positioning mount; 12 and FIG. 13 in the image section similar to FIGS - again in a dimensionally greatly exaggerated representation - using a combination variant to illustrate how, with the same pin diameters of the positioning mount, a pin rests at one point on the groove base of the orientation section (Fig. 12) or at two points on the groove edge of the orientation section (Fig.
  • FIG. 14 shows a perspective sectional view of the combination of positioning receptacle and spectacle lens semi-finished product according to FIG. 8 according to section line XIV-XIV in FIG. 8;
  • Fig. 15 shows an enlargement of detail XV in Fig.
  • FIG. 14 shows an angular deviation between the angles ⁇ and ß, which connect a central axis of a pin of the positioning mount or a straight groove base of an orientation section of the semi-finished spectacle lens with the central axis of the Include the base body of the positioning receptacle, this angular deviation leading to a local point system between the orientation structure on the spectacle lens semi-finished product and the positioning structure on the positioning receptacle;
  • 16 shows a perspective view of a workpiece holding head of a processing device, on which a semi-finished spectacle lens is held as a workpiece with its rear side without blocking and supported, while according to a concrete second exemplary embodiment of the invention in the edge area of the front side of the Another orientation structure is worked on the workpiece by means of a rotationally driven end milling cutter, the body edges which can only be seen through the transparent workpiece being shown in dashed lines; 17 shows an enlargement of detail XVII in FIG.
  • FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of a positioning receptacle for a semi-finished spectacle lens product for use in a method according to the invention for the production of Spectacle lenses with a positioned and oriented transport of the semi-finished spectacle lens, the positioning receptacle used for this purpose being provided with a different positioning structure, which corresponds to the orientation structure worked on the semi-finished spectacle lens according to FIG.
  • 16 fits and comprises projections as positioning sections, the central axes of which extend substantially parallel to the central axis of a basic body, which is ring-shaped here; 19 shows a perspective view of a combination of the positioning receptacle from FIG. 18 and a semi-finished spectacle lens product which has an orientation structure processed according to FIG dashed lines again show those body edges which can only be seen through the transparent workpiece; 20 shows a side view of a combination of a positioning mount according to FIG. 18 and a (thinner) semi-finished spectacle lens product similar to FIG.
  • FIG. 21 shows a sectional view of the combination of positioning receptacle and semi-finished spectacle lens product according to FIG. 20 according to the section line XXI-XXI in FIG. 20; 22 shows an enlargement of the detail XXII in FIG. semi-finished product; 23 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a semi-finished spectacle lens with an orientation structure according to FIGS.
  • FIG. 16 and 17 which, after positioning and aligning with the aid of the positioning fixture according to FIG - is held between the stamp of Fig. 20 and a counter-stamp, whereby - as in Fig. 21 - the material of the semi-finished spectacle lens is marked with cross-hatching, which in the course of working on the frame shape together with the orientation structure from the central rest of the workpiece is removed;
  • 24 is a perspective view of a workpiece holding head of a machining apparatus on which an eyeglass lens semi-finished product as a workpiece is picked up and supported with its rear side without blocking while according to a specific third embodiment of the invention in addition to the orientation structure similar to FIGS.
  • FIG. 16 and 17 a holding structure ture is worked on at the edge of the workpiece by means of a rotationally driven end milling cutter, with those body edges which can only be seen through the transparent workpiece being shown again in dashed lines; 25 shows a perspective view of a combination of the spectacle lens semi-finished product according to FIG.
  • FIG. 24 shows a perspective view of a variant of a spectacle lens semi-finished product which, in the course of the blockless generation in the method according to the invention, has undergone edge pre-processing, in which cutouts on the edge were also formed as orientation sections of an orientation structure for subsequent steps;
  • FIG. 27 shows a perspective view of a further variant of a semi-finished spectacle lens product which has undergone edge pre-processing during blockless generation in the method according to the invention, in which edge projections were also formed as orientation sections of an orientation structure for subsequent steps.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a process chain for the production of spectacle lenses, in particular made of plastic, without the use of block pieces during production, whereby the auxiliary processes "blocking” and “blocking off” are omitted in comparison to the conventional procedure.
  • a finished spectacle lens part is produced by removing and/or adding material, starting with a spectacle lens blank via a spectacle lens semi-finished product, subsequently and in the drawings independently of the respective degree of processing of the workpiece generally denoted by the reference numeral 10 for eyeglass lenses.
  • the spectacle lens 10 is formed with predetermined surface geometries on two sides 12, 14, namely a front side 12 and a rear side 14 facing away therefrom, and with a contoured edge 16 between the two sides 12, 14.
  • the suffixes "front” and “rear” here refer to the subsequent installation position of the spectacle lens 10 in a spectacle frame, with the front side 12 facing away from the eye and the back side 14 facing the eye for the production of spectacle lenses 10 according to FIG.
  • FIG. 1 generally an i) providing or creating the spectacle lens blank, which is to be machined on at least one of its (front) sides 12, 14 and on the edge 16 in between, as well as a ii) Generating an optically active form of the spectacle lens 10 by removing and/or applying material to at least one of the sides 12, 14 of the spectacle lens blank to form the spectacle lens semi-finished product, which has an edge region 18 (see, for example, Fig. 2) from (spectacle lenses -) has material near the edge 16, as introductory, obligatory main steps of manufacture.
  • these main steps i) and ii) must be followed by at least one further main step - in the present ing general exemplary embodiment all the main steps—from a group of main steps iii) to vi), comprising the main steps: iii) non-blocking polishing of the spectacle lens semi-finished product on at least one of the sides 12, 14 to reduce the surface roughness; iv) non-blocking marking of the spectacle lens semi-finished product on at least one of the sides 12, 14 with a permanent marking; v) Coating of the spectacle lens semi-finished product on at least one of the sides 12, 14 for the finishing of the workpiece; and vi) Working on a frame shape of the spectacle lens 10 by removing and/or applying (preferably spectacle lens) material in the edge region 18.
  • the main step ii) of generating according to Fig 1 comprises a sub-step ii.c), in which an orientation structure 20 (cf. again, for example, FIG. 2) is worked on in the edge region 18 of the semi-finished spectacle lens.
  • the method comprises a subsequent step, which is not explicitly shown in FIG. 1, in which a positioning receptacle 22 (see, for example, FIGS. 6 and 7) that can be positioned in space in a defined manner and is described in more detail below in different variants is provided. with the help of which the location and position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product in space can be clearly identified and defined.
  • the positioning receptacle 22 has a positioning structure 24 on which the semi-finished spectacle lens with its orientation structure 20 in the edge region 18 is aligned mechanically in a form-fitting manner.
  • the semi-finished spectacle lens product positioned and oriented in this way on the positioning receptacle 22 is transported together with the positioning receptacle 22 for further processing in at least one of the other main steps iii) to vi), in which a new determination of the location and position of the spectacle lens Semi-finished product is dispensable. This is because the location and position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product are known via the orientation structure 20 attached thereto positively engages with the positioning structure 24 of the positioning receptacle 22 that is also transported.
  • sub-steps ii.a) to ii.e) of the main step ii) of generation are exemplary, although expressly refer to the aforementioned earlier German patent applications by the same applicant referred to, which reveal possible - but not mandatory - procedural designs.
  • details on sub-step ii.a) of determining the position of the spectacle lens blank in FIG. 1 can be found in particular in the older German patent application DE 10 2021 005 399.0.
  • the older German patent application DE 102021 004 831.8 deals in detail with special configurations of sub-step ii.b) of the edge pre-processing according to FIG. 1, if provided.
  • Positioning and fixing the semi-finished spectacle lens according to sub-step ii.d) in FIG. 1 are (inter alia) the subject of the earlier German patent application DE 102021 005 202.1. All three older German patent applications also contain information on surface processing according to sub-step ii.e) in FIG. 1. A possible way of handling the workpiece between the individual sub-steps ii.a) to ii.e) can finally also be found in particular in the older German patent application DE 102021 005 399.0.
  • FIGS. 2 shows the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10, which is held supported on a workpiece holding head 26 that can be moved suitably in space.
  • a milling spindle 28 is indicated in a broken manner in FIG.
  • the milling spindle 28 can be arranged stationary on or in a generator (not shown) or can be moved on a suitable movement mechanism of the generator in order to generate relative movements between the workpiece holding head 26 and the milling spindle 28 during machining .
  • FIG. 1 In FIG. 1
  • the end mill 30 is in a machining operation with the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 in order to form the orientation structure 20 on the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 by removing, namely by machining, spectacle lens material.
  • piece-retaining head 26 and thus the eyeglass lens semi-finished product 10 held thereon are exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIG. 1 and thus the eyeglass lens semi-finished product 10 held thereon.
  • this does not have to be the case.
  • the central axes 34 and 42 of the end mill 30 or the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 can also run parallel to one another, with a corresponding geometry of the respective orientation section 36, 38, 40 being produced on the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 by workpiece 10 and /or tool 30 can be moved relative to one another at the same time with two linear axes running perpendicular to one another. While one linear axis generates a movement along the central axes 34, 42, the other linear axis ensures a movement perpendicular to the central axes 34, 42.
  • the milling cutter edge moves between the peripheral and face cutting edges of the end mill 30 is then at 45° with respect to the central axes 34, 42, which can be used to generate the geometry.
  • the orientation structure 20 is produced on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 with three orientation sections 36 , 38 , 40 which are formed in an irregular arrangement around a central axis 42 of the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 .
  • the orientation sections 36, 38, 40 are located on the circumference of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 distributed at angular positions of 0°, 90° and 225° around the central axis 42, ie with respect to the central axis 42 of the spectacle lens -Semi-finished product 10 at different angular distances from one another on the spectacle-lens semi-finished product 10, namely at points at the transition from the front side 12 to the edge 16 of the spectacle-lens semi-finished product 10 36, 38, 40 of the orientation structure 20 only by the arranged on the outer circumference 44 of the end mill 30 ten cutter edges (not shown) generated.
  • the orientation sections 36, 38, 40 are each formed as a groove, the groove wall of which is curved or hollow-cylindrical in terms of surface shape corresponding to the cylindrical envelope on the outer circumference 44 of the end milling cutter 30, as the enlargement according to FIG. 3 shows. 4 and 5 now show the positioning receptacle 22 for the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 for use in the above method for producing spectacle lenses according to the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the positioning receptacle 22 generally has a base body 48 which has a central axis 46 and which supports the positioning structure 24 .
  • the positioning structure 24 in this exemplary embodiment has three positioning sections 37, 39, 41 for the semi-finished spectacle lens 10, which are placed in an irregular arrangement around the central axis 46.
  • the positioning structure 24 of the positioning receptacle 22 has an overall geometry to which the orientation structure 20 on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 is designed to match, so that a mechanical form fit between the positioning structure 24 on the positioning receptacle 22 and the orientation structure 20 on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 6 and 7, the location and position of a spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 held on the positioning receptacle 22 with respect to the base body 48 are clearly and unequivocally defined. According to FIGS.
  • the base body 48 of the positioning receptacle 22 has a plate-shaped base 50, from which a step 52 extends along the central axis 46 at a central point.
  • a fastening bore 54 designed as a through bore in the exemplary embodiment shown, also extends along the central axis 46 through the base 50 and the step 52 through.
  • the positioning receptacle 22 can be mounted at a fixed point on a processing machine, a work box (“job tray”), etc. (not shown), for example by means of a fastening screw (also not shown) passing through the fastening hole 54.
  • An orientation recess 56 designed, for example, as a blind hole according to FIG. 14 can be used in conjunction with a dowel pin or the like. (not shown) on the processing machine, the work box, etc. ensure a defined angular orientation of the positioning receptacle 22 about the central axis 46 .
  • Pins with a circular cross-section are attached to the base body 48. More precisely, as shown in FIG. 14, the step 52 of the base body 48 is provided with sloping mounting bores 60 which extend radially outwards to the central mounting bore 54 of the base body 48 and serve to receive the pins.
  • the base body 48 and the pins forming the projections 58 are made of metal, the latter can be pressed into the fastening bores 60 with a press fit, for example.
  • the peripheral surfaces of the projections 58 fastened to the base body 48 form the positioning sections 37, 39, 41 of the positioning structure 24, as also shown in particular in FIGS.
  • the projections 58 are also arranged at an irregular angular distance from one another with respect to the central axis 46 of the base body 48 .
  • the projections 58 of the positioning receptacle 22 forming the positioning structure 24 starting with the projection 58 on the right in FIG. 5 also shows that the projections 58 protrude the same distance from the base body 48, which applies both in the radial direction with respect to the central axis 46 according to the plan view according to FIG. Furthermore, it is already indicated in FIGS. 4 and 5 that one of the projections 58 (bottom left in these figures) has a slightly larger diameter D than the other projections 58, which have a diameter d smaller by 0.4 mm, for example. The effect of this difference in size will be explained below with reference to FIGS.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 also show that the projections 58 of the positioning receptacle 22 run obliquely with respect to the central axis 46 of the base body 48 - corresponding to the fastening bores 60 - and intersect the central axis 46 of the base body 48 with their central axes 62, here even at a common point 63 (see Figures 4 and 14).
  • the central axes 62 of the projections 58 enclose an angle ⁇ with the central axis 46 of the base body 48 according to FIGS.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 each show a combination of the positioning receptacle 22 according to FIGS. 4 and 5 with a spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 that in the edge area 18 corresponding to the 2 and 3 has orientation structure 20 which mechanically interlocks with the positioning structure 24 of the positioning receptacle 22 in order to bring the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 on the positioning receptacle 22 into a clearly defined position and orientation.
  • spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 with different outer diameters are accommodated on one and the same positioning receptacle 22, so that the desired diameter range—typically 50 mm to 80 mm - of the processed eyeglass lenses can be covered.
  • spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 with a larger diameter as shown in FIG. 6 with their orientation structure 20 sit further up and radially further outwards with respect to the central axis 46 on the projections 58
  • spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 with a smaller diameter stand closer to the base body 48 with their orientation structure 20 as shown in FIG and in contact with the projections 58 radially further inwards with respect to the central axis 46 .
  • positioning receptacle 22 As far as the dimensions of the semi-finished spectacle lens products 10 that can be accommodated is concerned is an aspect of the positioning receptacle 22 which is also independent of the possibility of using the semi-finished spectacle lens product 10 together with the positioning receptacle. 22 being clearly and unambiguously positioned and oriented is a great advantage.
  • Such a positioning receptacle 22 can of course also be used - and especially - stationary, for example attached to a processing device, in order to position and orient spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 with different dimensions for subsequent processes.
  • FIGS. 8 to 11 illustrate—as already mentioned in a greatly exaggerated representation—the effect of designing the projections 58 with slightly different diameters d or D (see also FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • the rest are shaped as grooves Orientation sections 36, 38 of the orientation structure 20 on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10, on the other hand, have an (identical) clear opening width W (see Fig. 9), which is larger than the diameter d of the associated projections 58 on the positioning receptacle 22.
  • W (identical) clear opening width
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show yet another possibility of influencing the definedness or the accuracy of the receptacle of the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 on the positioning receptacle 22.
  • FIG. Here again a combination of positioning receptacle 22 and semi-finished spectacle lens 10 is shown, with the orientation sections 36, 38, 40 of the orientation structure 20 on the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 each have a substantially straight groove base 66 (see FIG. 15).
  • Each groove base 66 encloses an angle ⁇ with the central axis 46 of the base body 48 of the positioning receptacle 22 , which is different from the angle ⁇ which the inclined projections 58 of the positioning receptacle 22 enclose with the central axis 46 of the base body 48 .
  • the deviation of the angle ⁇ from the angle ⁇ can be, for example, between 2° and 40°, preferably between 5° and 15°. It can be seen in particular from Fig. 15 that, due to this angular deviation, there is contact between the respective orientation section 36, 38, 40 of the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 and the respectively assigned positioning section 37, 39, 41 of the positioning receptacle 22 at only one point 67 comes.
  • the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 equipped in this way can be picked up unoriented by a handling system with, for example, a workpiece holding head 26 according to FIG. The handling system then positions the unoriented semi-finished spectacle lens 10 essentially in the middle, but in any rotational position above the positioning mount 22.
  • the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 is then rotated by the handling system until the orientation sections 36, which are shaped here as grooves , 38, 40 of the orientation structure 20 over the positioning sections 37, 39, 41 of the positioning structure 24 forming projections 58 of the positioning receptacle 22 lie stored in a clearly defined place and position, as is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, for example.
  • an additional optical recognition of the orientation structure 20 on the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 when it is deposited in/on the positioning receptacle 22 can be provided and used for a first approximation of location and position, so that the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 is pre-oriented the positioning receptacle 22 is stored.
  • the mechanical laying down can be simplified and accelerated and the risk of damaging the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 during laying down can be minimized.
  • the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 which is clearly positioned and oriented in or on the positioning receptacle 22 by form-fitting intervention in space, can again be used, for example, by means of a workpiece holding head 26, as shown in FIG further processing from the positioning receptacle 22 can be resumed.
  • the further processing of the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10, which is thus arranged in a clearly defined manner in terms of location and position, can then take place on the workpiece holding head 26 itself—such as, for example, blockless marking in the main step iv) of the process chain according to FIG in/on another receptacle (not shown), in/on which the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 was then deposited by the workpiece holding head 26 before the respective further processing.
  • the orientation structure 20 on the workpiece and the positioning receptacle 22 in the process chain can be used not only for recognizing or determining the location and position of the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10, but also for an oriented one Forwarding of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10.
  • the positioning receptacle 22 can be placed in a work box so that the handling system of the generator positions the semi-finished spectacle lens product 10 with orientation structure 20 correctly on the positioning receptacle 22, whereupon—after the transport of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 in the work box—the respective handling system of downstream machines in the process chain can pick up or remove the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 from there in an oriented manner.
  • the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 could be placed on the lens holder without having to determine the location and position again.
  • the second exemplary embodiment is to be described below with reference to FIGS.
  • 16 to 23 in view of the above statements on the first exemplary embodiment only insofar as it differs significantly from the first exemplary embodiment and appears necessary for further understanding of the invention.
  • a somewhat differently shaped end mill 30' is used, which also has main cutting edges (not shown in detail) on its end face in the manner of a base and flank-cutting groove milling cutter for producing a planar surface.
  • the groove has an essentially triangular groove cross-section (see also FIG. 22).
  • the positioning receptacle 22' shown individually in Fig. 18 according to the second exemplary embodiment it is initially obvious that its base body 48' is annular or hollow-cylindrical, with a central passage 70' around the central axis 46' of the base body 48 ' hereabouts.
  • FIG. 23 shows the final machining of the edge shape (substep vi.b) in FIG. 1) by means of an end mill 74′.
  • Cross-hatching on the workpiece 10 also indicates which lens material is removed during the final edge processing, it also being evident that the edge region 18 of the workpiece 10 with the temporary orientation structure 20' is also machined during this edge processing.
  • the three positioning sections 37', 39', 41'--again at 0.degree., 90.degree. and 225.degree Positioning receptacle 22' is formed by pin-shaped projections 58' which are formed in one piece with the base body 48' in accordance with the longitudinal section according to FIG. 21 (see the left-hand side there).
  • the projections 58' extend with their central axes 62' essentially parallel to the central axis 46' of the base body 48' away from an end face 75' of the base body 48' and form with their free ends 76' the positioning sections 37', 39', 41' of the positioning structure 24' of the positioning receptacle 22'.
  • the projections 58' are in the form of spherical caps. This results in how in the Enlargement according to Fig. 22, one of the projections 58' again shows contact at two points 77' with the associated orientation section 38' - provided, of course, that the diameter of the corresponding projection 58' is smaller than the clear groove width of the orientation section 38'. Due to the manufacturing tolerances alone, this contact configuration between orientation structure 20' and positioning structure 24' will only occur on one of the projections 58', while the other projections 58' will come into one-sided contact with the respective orientation section 36' or 40'. This can also be promoted or forced by the fact that one of the projections 58' has a slightly larger diameter - e.g.
  • the projections 58' can also be arranged so as to be radially displaceable with respect to the central axis 46', which in turn also in the embodiment with parallel-aligned projections 58' facilitates the placement and orientation of spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 with different lens diameters.
  • knives allowed. 24 and 25 illustrate a third exemplary embodiment, in which the orientation structure 20' on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 and the positioning structure 24' on the positioning receptacle 22'' are as in the second exemplary embodiment are formed according to FIGS. 16 to 23.
  • the main step of generating ii) comprises a further sub-step in which a holding structure 78'' is additionally worked on in the edge region 18 of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10, whereby after the mechanical positive alignment of the semi-finished spectacle lens on the positioning receptacle 22'', the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 is held with the aid of the holding structure 78'' on the positioning receptacle 22'' while the further processing or transport of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 takes place.
  • the holding structure 78'' on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 has three holding grooves 80'', which are produced by means of an end mill 30'', which is also used to form the orientation sections 36', 38', 40' can be taken.
  • the three retaining grooves 80'' are located in the edge 16 of the semi-finished spectacle lens 10, specifically in angular positions with respect to the central axis 42 in accordance with the orientation sections 36', 38', 40', but do not open towards the front side 12 of the spectacle lens
  • the retaining grooves 80" of the retaining structure 78" are opposite the orientation sections 36', 38', 40' of the orientation structure 20', but formed on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 opposite thereto.
  • the positioning receptacle 22'' is provided with a holding arrangement 82'', which is adapted to engage with the holding structure 78'' on the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 in order to position the semi-finished spectacle lens 10 with its orientation structure 20' in the form-fitting engagement with the position kidney structure 24' to be held on the positioning receptacle 22''.
  • 25 shows this state, ie the combination of positioning receptacle 22'' with holding arrangement 82'' and spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 with holding structure 78'', with which the holding arrangement 82'' of the positioning receptacle 22'' engages, so that the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 is held on the positioning receptacle 22''.
  • the holding arrangement 82'' in the exemplary embodiment shown has a plurality of—here three—hold-down devices 84'' which, with respect to the central axis 46'' of the base body 48'', hold the positioning receptacle 22''. angularly spaced apart from one another on the base body 48'', specifically in the distribution corresponding to the positioning sections 37', 39', 41' of the positioning receptacle 22''.
  • the hold-down devices 84'' are pivoted (pivot axes 85'' in FIG. 25) on the annular base body 48'' of the positioning receptacle 22'', for which purpose fork-shaped bearing blocks 86'' are attached to the base body 48'' are.
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 show variants of spectacle lens semi-finished products 10 in which the orientation sections 36'', 38'', 40'' of the orientation structure 20'' are designed as grooves 90'' (FIG. 26) or as Webs 92'' (FIG. 27) are formed on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10.
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 also illustrate that the orientation structures 20'' on the spectacle lens semi-finished product 10 can be formed in a particularly simple manner with the older method.
  • a finished part with predetermined surface geometries on a front side and a rear side facing away from it and with a contoured edge in between is formed by removing and/or applying material, starting with a blank via a semi-finished product.
  • the semi-finished product in a main step of generating an optically active form of the spectacle lens, is formed, which has an edge region in which an orientation structure is also worked on.
  • the location and position of the semi-finished product in space are clearly identified and specified with the aid of a positioning mount arranged in a defined space aligns its orientation structure mechanically in a form-fitting manner before the semi-finished product is held and further processed or transported.
  • Positioning mounts suitable for this are also disclosed, as well as combinations of positioning mount and semi-finished product placed on it. The concept described here enables the location and position information to be passed on in a "blockless" process chain, which occurs in the prior art through the block piece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes (10), dans lequel en partant d'une ébauche, par l'intermédiaire d'un produit semi-fini, on réalise par dépôt et/ou élimination de matière un produit fini présentant des géométries de surface prédéfinies sur une face avant (12) et une face arrière (14) opposée à celle-ci et possédant un bord profilé (16) entre celles-ci. Dans une étape principale de génération d'une forme optiquement active du verre de lunettes, on forme le produit semi-fini qui présente une zone de bord (18) dans laquelle on travaille également une structure d'orientation (20). Pour au moins une étape principale suivante d'usinage ultérieur, l'emplacement et la position du produit semi-fini dans l'espace sont clairement reconnus et définis dans l'espace à l'aide d'un réceptacle de positionnement (22) disposé de manière définie dans l'espace, le réceptacle de positionnement présentant à cet effet une structure de positionnement (24) sur laquelle le produit semi-fini s'oriente mécaniquement par complémentarité de forme avec sa structure d'orientation avant que le produit semi-fini soit maintenu et usiné ou transporté. L'invention concerne également des réceptacles de positionnement appropriés ainsi que des combinaisons de réceptacles de positionnement et de produits semi-finis placés sur ceux-ci.
EP22838684.3A 2021-12-13 2022-12-13 Procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes et réceptacle de positionnement pour/avec un produit semi-fini de verre de lunettes Pending EP4448258A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021006153 2021-12-13
PCT/EP2022/085717 WO2023110939A1 (fr) 2021-12-13 2022-12-13 Procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes et réceptacle de positionnement pour/avec un produit semi-fini de verre de lunettes

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EP4448258A1 true EP4448258A1 (fr) 2024-10-23

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EP22838684.3A Pending EP4448258A1 (fr) 2021-12-13 2022-12-13 Procédé de fabrication de verres de lunettes et réceptacle de positionnement pour/avec un produit semi-fini de verre de lunettes

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US (1) US20250042110A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4448258A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN118369201A (fr)
WO (1) WO2023110939A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4112769A1 (fr) * 2021-06-30 2023-01-04 Satisloh AG Support pour maintenir un substrat, en particulier un verre de lunettes, pendant son revêtement sous vide dans un appareil de revêtement de boîtes et dispositif pour charger/décharger le substrat dans/depuis un tel support
EP4667155A1 (fr) * 2024-06-21 2025-12-24 Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH Procédé et système de polissage d'une surface progressive d'une lentille

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DE2705852A1 (de) * 1976-02-12 1977-08-18 Bela J Bicskei Vorrichtung fuer die praezisionsbearbeitung von brillenglasrohlingen
US4441795A (en) * 1980-03-24 1984-04-10 Camelot Industries Corporation Molded multifocal lens and mold assembly
US5249082A (en) * 1991-05-08 1993-09-28 Eastman Kodak Company Exact constraint arrangement for and methods of mounting an element such as a lens
FR2819897B1 (fr) * 2001-01-23 2004-01-02 Essilor Int Preforme de lentille ophtalmique
DE10310561B4 (de) 2003-03-11 2007-04-26 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fertigung von Brillengläsern und anderen Formkörpern mit optisch aktiven Oberflächen
ATE505298T1 (de) * 2003-03-11 2011-04-15 Optotech Optikmasch Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fertigung von brillengläsern und anderen formkörpern mit optisch aktiven oberflächen
DE102004016445B4 (de) 2004-04-03 2008-04-10 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Halten von Brillengläsern und anderen Formkörpern mit optisch wirksamen Oberflächen beim Bearbeiten
FR2959831B1 (fr) * 2010-05-10 2013-02-15 Essilor Int Procede de preparation d'une lentille ophtalmique equipee d'une marque memoire.
DE102012101581A1 (de) 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Brillenglasrohlingen
FR2997329B1 (fr) 2012-10-30 2014-12-26 Essilor Int Procede de fabrication de lentilles optiques et ensemble pour la fabrication de telles lentilles
FR2997330B1 (fr) 2012-10-30 2015-04-03 Essilor Int Procede de fabrication par usinage de lentilles ophtalmiques
ITMI20131758A1 (it) 2013-10-22 2015-04-23 Mei S R L Processo di lavorazione di una lente
EP3074176B1 (fr) 2013-11-27 2017-08-02 Essilor International (Compagnie Générale D'Optique) Support de blocage pneumatique d'une lentille optique
DE102016112999A1 (de) 2016-07-14 2018-01-18 Optotech Optikmaschinen Gmbh Werkstückaufnahme für Linsenbearbeitungsmaschine, Linsenbearbeitungsmaschine und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer optischen Linse
EP3797927A1 (fr) * 2019-09-27 2021-03-31 Essilor International Dispositif de blocage et de positionnement d'élément optique et procédé associé au dispositif

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CN118369201A (zh) 2024-07-19
US20250042110A1 (en) 2025-02-06
WO2023110939A1 (fr) 2023-06-22

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