EP4452909A1 - Procédé de préparation de composés organiques deutériés - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de composés organiques deutériés

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Publication number
EP4452909A1
EP4452909A1 EP22840088.3A EP22840088A EP4452909A1 EP 4452909 A1 EP4452909 A1 EP 4452909A1 EP 22840088 A EP22840088 A EP 22840088A EP 4452909 A1 EP4452909 A1 EP 4452909A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compounds
organic
compound
solvent
organic compound
Prior art date
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EP22840088.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philipp Stoessel
Christoph WETZEL
Stefan Lehmann
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP4452909A1 publication Critical patent/EP4452909A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
    • C07B59/001—Acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/42—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/44—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
    • C07B59/002—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
    • C07B59/004—Acyclic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/57—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C211/61—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton with at least one of the condensed ring systems formed by three or more rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C25/02—Monocyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C25/06—Monochloro-benzene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C25/18—Polycyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C25/22—Polycyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons with condensed rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
    • C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
    • C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
    • C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D403/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
    • C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • C07C2523/42—Platinum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals
    • C07C2523/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • C07C2523/44—Palladium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
    • C07C2603/93—Spiro compounds
    • C07C2603/94—Spiro compounds containing "free" spiro atoms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing deuterated organic compounds and deuterated compounds produced by this method.
  • Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen and has a natural occurrence of 0.015%.
  • Deuterated compounds with a high proportion of deuterium are known, and deuterated aromatic compounds have often been used in studies of the course of chemical reactions or conversions in metabolism.
  • Deuterated aromatic compounds are used as a starting material for pharmaceutical compounds or markers.
  • Organic-based charge transport materials e.g. triarylamine-based hole transporters
  • organic or polymer light-emitting diodes OLEDs or PLEDs
  • O-SC organic solar cells
  • O-FET organic field effect transistors
  • O-TFT organic thin-film transistors
  • O-IC organic switching elements
  • O-lasers organic laser diodes
  • Electronic devices within the meaning of this invention are understood to mean organic electronic devices which contain organic semiconductor materials as functional materials.
  • the electronic devices stand for electroluminescent devices such as OLEDs.
  • OLEDs electroluminescent devices
  • the construction of OLEDs in which organic compounds are used as functional materials is known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art.
  • OLEDs are electronic devices that have one or more layers that include organic compounds and emit light when a voltage is applied.
  • Electronic devices usually comprise a cathode, an anode and at least one functional, preferably emissive, layer. In addition to these layers, they can also contain other layers, for example one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, exciton blocking layers, electron blocking layers and/or charge generation layers ).
  • deuteration is performed late in the manufacturing process, especially for compounds for electronic devices, since deuteration is usually a very expensive step.
  • precursors to electronic device compounds, intermediates of such compounds, or the electronic device compounds themselves can be deuterated.
  • Still other processes use D2 gas, D2O, or a deuterated solvent such as CeDe and a metallic catalyst.
  • JP2020070291 describes a process for producing deuterated compounds in an aliphatic hydrocarbon having more than 6 carbon atoms as a solvent, a deuterium source and a metal catalyst.
  • an alcohol is also used as an additive.
  • the decalin used is also difficult to remove.
  • the compounds obtained are difficult to purify.
  • WO2016073425A2 describes a process of deuterated compounds at high pressure and temperature in D2O optionally with solvent.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of deuterated compounds with high conversion rate and high yield and economical use of the deuterum source.
  • the object is achieved by a method for preparing a deuterated organic compound, comprising the following steps: a) providing at least one heterogeneous metal catalyst, the provision comprising drying the metal catalyst; b) Preparation of a liquid composition comprising at least one organic compound, at least one heterogeneous metal catalyst, at least one deuterium source and at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon as solvent. c) heating the composition to deuterate the organic compound.
  • At least one heterogeneous metal catalyst is provided, this comprising drying the metal catalyst.
  • the heterogeneous metal catalyst is preferably selected from the group comprising platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, nickel, cobalt, oxides thereof and combinations thereof, preferably platinum or palladium and/or oxides thereof.
  • the metal of at least one metal catalyst is preferably present in the oxidation state 0 to 2, preferably 0. At least one metal catalyst is preferably present as an elemental metal and/or metal oxide, preferably as an elemental metal.
  • the metal catalyst preferably comprises at least one heterogeneous metal catalyst.
  • the metal of the metal catalyst is preferably present as a metal, preferably supported on a solid phase which is not soluble in the composition.
  • the solid phase can be any suitable material, for example carbon such as activated charcoal or soot, silicates, molecular sieves, polymers.
  • the solid phase is stable under the reaction conditions, preference being given to carbon as the solid phase.
  • Such catalysts are referred to as Pd/C or Pt/C, for example.
  • Preferred metal catalysts are platinum, palladium or mixtures of platinum and palladium, particularly preferably as metal, particularly preferably as heterogeneous catalyst.
  • the at least one metal catalyst is preferably selected from platinum on carbon (Pt/C), palladium on carbon (Pd/C) or a mixture of Pt/C and Pd/C.
  • Pt/C platinum on carbon
  • Pd/C palladium on carbon
  • a mixture of Pt/C and Pd/C a mixture of 10:1 to 1:2 of Pt/C to Pd/C, preferably 7:1 to 1:1, in particular 5:1 to 1:1, measured by weight, is preferred.
  • the content of metal on the carbon of the metal catalyst is preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, in particular from 3 to 7% by weight, particularly preferably 5% by weight.
  • the molar ratio of catalyst to organic compound is preferably from 2:1 to 100:1, in particular from 2:1 to 70:1, preferably from 2:1 to 30:1. With a higher amount of catalyst, fewer by-products are generally formed.
  • the heterogeneous metal catalyst is water-moist before drying, the water content being at least 10% (according to Karl Fischer).
  • the heterogeneous metal catalyst is dried. This is preferably carried out at elevated temperature, in particular at 20° C. to 200° C., preferably at 20 to 100° C., particularly preferably under reduced pressure, in particular below 100 mbar. Drying is preferably carried out until the water content is below 5% by weight, preferably 2% by weight (according to Karl Fischer), preferably below 1%.
  • the drying will preferably carried out for at least 24 hours, in particular at least 48 hours. Drying between 24 and 96 hours, in particular 48 to 96 hours, is preferred.
  • the metal catalysts in particular are often stored moist with water. Surprisingly, it has now been found that the previous drying significantly improves the activity of the catalyst, in particular when using D2O as a deuterium source.
  • the pretreated metal catalyst can be used in the next step without further treatment.
  • deuteration means that some or all of the hydrogen atoms are exchanged for deuterium (D) in the course of the reaction.
  • deuterium In a deuterated compound, deuterium is more than 100 times more abundant than its natural abundance. Percentages refer to the ratio of deuterium to the sum of protons and deuterium for a specific compound.
  • a liquid composition comprising the organic compound, the heterogeneous catalyst, at least one deuterium source and at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon as solvent is prepared.
  • the individual components are mixed.
  • the organic compound can be dissolved and/or partially dispersed in the composition.
  • the organic compound is preferably dissolved in the composition, in particular dissolved under the conditions in step c). This means, that the organic compound is dissolved in the composition after heating.
  • the organic compound is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound, in particular a hydrocarbon compound, or an organometallic compound. This is preferably a compound with at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system.
  • the connection is particularly preferably suitable for use in an electronic device, in particular an OLED, or a precursor of such a connection.
  • An aromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the ring system.
  • a heteroaromatic ring system within the meaning of this invention contains 1 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S.
  • An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention is to be understood as meaning a system which does not necessarily only contain aryl or heteroaryl groups, but also in which several aryl or heteroaryl groups a non-aromatic moiety (preferably less than 10% of the non-H atoms), such as e.g. B. a C, N or O atom or carbonyl group can be connected.
  • systems are to be understood here in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, such as, for. B. biphenyl, terphenyl, bipyridine or phenylpyridine.
  • systems such as fluorene, 9,9'-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ether, stilbene, etc. should also be understood as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention, and also systems in which two or more aryl groups, for example are connected through a linear or cyclic alkyl group or through a silyl group.
  • Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems are simple aryl or heteroaryl groups and groups in which two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups are linked directly to one another, for example Biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl or bipyridine, as well as fluorene or spirobifluorene.
  • the connected heteroaromatic ring systems particular preference is given to ring systems having N atoms connected to aryl or heteroaryl groups.
  • An aryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms; a heteroaryl group within the meaning of this invention contains 5 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5.
  • the heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, 0 and/or S.
  • An aryl group or heteroaryl group is either a simple aromatic cycle, ie benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or one fused (fused) aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc. understood.
  • aromatics linked to one another by a single bond, such as biphenyl are not referred to as aryl or heteroaryl groups, but as aromatic ring systems.
  • An electron-rich heteroaromatic ring system is characterized in that it is a heteroaromatic ring system that does not contain any electron-deficient heteroaryl groups.
  • An electron-deficient heteroaryl group is a six-membered-membered heteroaryl group containing at least one nitrogen atom or a five-membered-membered heteroaryl group containing at least two heteroatoms, one of which is a nitrogen atom and the other is oxygen, sulfur or a substituted nitrogen atom, further aryl or heteroaryl groups being attached to each of these groups can be condensed.
  • electron-rich heteroaryl groups are five-membered-membered heteroaryl groups with exactly one heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur or substituted nitrogen, to which further aryl groups and/or further electron-rich five-membered-membered heteroaryl groups can be fused.
  • examples of electron-rich heteroaryl groups are pyrrole, furan, thiophene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene or indenocarbazole.
  • An electron-rich heteroaryl group is also referred to as an electron-rich heteroaromatic radical.
  • An electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring system is characterized as containing at least one electron-deficient heteroaryl group, and more preferably no electron-rich heteroaryl groups.
  • the organic compound can comprise one or more aliphatic hydrocarbon residues or alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups. You can also be substituted with other groups such as F, CN, CI, Br, I alkoxy or thioalkyl groups. It is important that these groups do not react under the reaction conditions.
  • alkyl group is used as a generic term both for linear or branched alkyl groups and for cyclic alkyl groups.
  • alkenyl group and alkynyl group are used as generic terms both for linear or branched alkenyl or alkynyl groups and for cyclic alkenyl or alkynyl groups.
  • an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group which can contain 1 to 40 carbon atoms and in which individual non-adjacent CH2 groups are also represented by 0, C ⁇ O, ( C ⁇ O)O, can be substituted, preferably the radicals methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s -pentyl, t-pentyl, 2-pentyl, neo-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, s-hexyl, t-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, neo-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 1-methylcyclopentyl, 2-methylp
  • An alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferably methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, s-pentoxy, 2-Methylbutoxy, n-hexoxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptoxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-octyloxy, cyclooctyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy understood.
  • a thioalkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is, in particular, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n- Hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, cyclopentenylthi
  • alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention can be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, in which case one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups can be replaced by the groups mentioned above; furthermore, one or more H atoms can also be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO2, preferably F, Cl or CN, particularly preferably F or CN.
  • aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with 5-60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5-40 aromatic ring atoms, which can be substituted in each case with the abovementioned radicals or a hydrocarbon radical and which can be linked via any positions on the aromatic or heteroaromatic are in particular understood groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, Dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis or trans indenofluorene, cis or trans indenocarbazole, cis or trans indolocarbazole, cis or trans
  • the above formulation should also be understood to mean that if one of the two radicals is hydrogen, the second radical binds to the position to which the hydrogen atom was bonded, forming a ring. This should be illustrated by the following scheme:
  • an organometallic compound it is preferably a compound comprising copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, in particular compounds such as iridium or platinum, particularly preferably platinum , which have at least one heteroaromatic ring system.
  • Compounds which are suitable as phosphorescent compounds are preferred. Examples of such compounds can be found in the cited applications for phosphorescent compounds.
  • These compounds are preferably metal chelate complexes, in particular with at least one heteroaromatic ring system as a chelate ligand for the metal.
  • At least one heteroaromatic ring system which bonds to the metal via at least one nitrogen atom and via at least one carbon atom is preferred.
  • These atoms are preferably each part of an aryl group or heteroaryl group which are connected via at least one single bond. Examples of such a compound are 2-phenylpyridine or analogous compounds in which the above aryl groups or heteroaryl groups are linked via a single bond.
  • the deuterium source is preferably selected from heavy water, D2O, d6-benzene or d8-toluene, preferably heavy water or D2O, particularly preferably D2O.
  • heavy water or D2O is a cheaper source of deuterium than the other compounds.
  • Heavy water is water in which 50 mol% of all hydrogen atoms have been exchanged for deuterium, preferably at least 70 mol%, particularly preferably at least 80 mol%, in particular at least 90% or 99%.
  • the solvent serves in particular to increase the solubility of the organic compound in the composition.
  • the aliphatic solvent is preferably an aliphatic solvent with a boiling point above 75° C., in particular above 80° C. (measured at atmospheric pressure).
  • the solvent is preferably a cycloalkane, and a solvent having at least one ring with 6 aliphatic carbon atoms is preferred.
  • Particularly preferably cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane or fused cycloalkanes such as decalin. Cyclohexane and decalin, in particular cyclohexane, are preferred.
  • the decalin can be present as a cis or trans isomer or as a mixture of isomers.
  • the solvent is preferably non-deuterated.
  • the deuterium source especially D2O, is the only deuterated compound in the composition.
  • the composition preferably does not include any aliphatic alcohols, in particular those having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; the composition preferably does not include any aliphatic alcohols.
  • the composition preferably does not comprise any organic compounds with hydroxyl groups.
  • the ratio of hydrogen atoms of the organic compound to the deuterium of the deuterium source is at least 1:1.5, preferably 1:1.5 to 1:1000, preferably 1:2 to 1:500, particularly preferably 1:5 to 1:200. A ratio of 1:5 to 1:100 is particularly preferred.
  • the aliphatic solvent is used in such an amount that the organic compound dissolves at least partially; measured in volume, preferably in a deuterium source:solvent ratio of 2:1 to 1:50, preferably 1:1 to 1:30, in particular 1:1.5 to 1:30, very particularly at 1:1.5 to 1:10.
  • the ideal amount depends on the solubility of the compound.
  • step c) the composition is heated, which results in deuteration.
  • the reaction can be carried out with pressure equalization with the environment, i.e. in an open or in a closed vessel.
  • the autogenous pressure can lead to an increase in pressure due to heating.
  • a pressure equalization procedure can also mean heating under reflux conditions.
  • Step c) is therefore preferably carried out at a pressure of 1 bar or more. Preferably below 6 bar.
  • the reaction is preferably not carried out in the presence of additional reactive gases such as H2 or D2.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon. Inert here means that the gas or the gas mixture does not react under the process conditions.
  • step c) the reaction is carried out with heating.
  • the heating can take place at a temperature of at least 40.degree. C., in particular at least 70.degree. C., in particular at least 100.degree.
  • the temperature is preferably up to 250.degree. C., in particular up to 160.degree. Particularly preferably at 70°C to 200°C, in particular at 70°C to 160°C.
  • the reaction is preferably not carried out under supercritical conditions.
  • reaction can also be carried out under reflux.
  • the solvent can then be chosen accordingly so that the desired reaction temperature is achieved.
  • the inventive method is preferably carried out until a deuteration of at least 20%, in particular 30%, is achieved.
  • This information relates to the degree of deuteration of the highest mass peak of the product mixture.
  • the process is preferably carried out until a conversion of at least 90% (measured by HPLC) is achieved. This means that a maximum of 10% educt is still present. A conversion of at least 95% is preferred.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out for 1 to 200 hours, particularly for 10 to 100 hours.
  • the reaction is particularly preferably carried out until the degree of deuteration is at least 20% with less than 15% by-products is achieved, preferably of at least 30% with less than 10% by-products, in particular at least 40% with less than 10%.
  • the deuterated compound is preferably isolated using known techniques. This may involve extraction, precipitation, filtration, distillation, chromatography or similar methods.
  • the composition comprises at least one additive to improve deuteration and/or reduce by-products.
  • the at least one additive is preferably selected from alkylamines, preferably alkylamines with alkyl groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, where individual non-adjacent CH2 groups can be substituted by O and at least two alkyl groups can form a ring with one another, metal salts and/or metal oxides of salts or oxides of palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, silver, gold, copper, nickel or cobalt, preference being given to salts or oxides of silver or palladium, in particular of Pd(II).
  • the salts it can be, for example, the chlorides, bromides, iodides, nitrates, sulfates, carboxylic acid salts such as acetates, propionates, pivalates, such as Pd(OAc)2, Ag(OAc) or Pd(OPiv)2.
  • carboxylic acid salts such as acetates, propionates, pivalates, such as Pd(OAc)2, Ag(OAc) or Pd(OPiv)2.
  • Carboxylic acid salts such as Pd(OAc)2, Ag(OAc) or Pd(OPiv)2 are particularly preferred.
  • Preferred alkylamines are alkylamines with at least two, preferably three, alkyl groups, in particular with 1 to 40 carbon atoms, where individual non-adjacent CFb groups can be substituted by O and at least two alkyl groups can form a ring.
  • Preferred alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, 2-pentyl , neo-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, s-hexyl, t-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, neo-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 1-methylcyclopentyl, 2-methylpentyl, n-heptyl, 2-heptyl, 3 - heptyl, 4-heptyl, cycloheptyl, 1-methylcyclohexyl.
  • alkylamines with three alkyl groups (tertiary amines) with 1 to 5 carbon atoms
  • examples of such amines are triethylamine, dimethylethylamine, diethylmethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, with triethylamine being preferred.
  • cyclic amines are morpholine derivatives, in particular N-alkyl morpholines such as N-methyl morpholine, N-ethyl morpholine, N-propyl morpholine.
  • the amine used is preferably soluble in the composition.
  • the aforementioned metal salts are particularly preferred.
  • alkylamines, silver salts and/or palladium salts promote deuteration and reduce the formation of by-products. This may make it possible to carry out the reaction for longer or at a higher temperature.
  • the use of the additives can depend on the compound to be deuterated.
  • the additives can be used in different amounts depending on the reaction procedure and the organic compound.
  • the at least one additive is preferably used in a molar ratio of additive to organic compound of 1:2 to 1:100, preferably 1:2 to 1:50, in particular 1:2 to 1:30.
  • the composition comprises at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic compound, platinum on carbon and/or palladium on carbon, D2O, and cyclohexane and/or decalin, preferably cyclohexane, and optionally at least one additive, the additive being selected from alkylamines, Metal salts and/or metal oxides selected from salts or oxides of palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, silver, gold, copper, nickel or cobalt.
  • the composition consists of at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic compound, platinum on carbon and/or palladium on carbon, D2O, and Cyclohexane and / or decalin, preferably cyclohexane, and optionally at least one additive, wherein the additive is selected from alkylamines, metal salts and / or metal oxides selected from salts or oxides of palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, silver, gold, copper, nickel or Cobalt.
  • the additive is selected from alkylamines, metal salts and / or metal oxides selected from salts or oxides of palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, silver, gold, copper, nickel or Cobalt.
  • the compounds deuterated according to the invention are suitable for use in an electronic device, in particular in an organic electroluminescent device (OLED). Depending on the substitution, the compounds can be used in different functions and layers.
  • OLED organic electroluminescent device
  • An electronic device within the meaning of the present invention is a device which contains at least one layer which contains at least one organic compound.
  • the component can also contain inorganic materials or also layers which are made up entirely of inorganic materials.
  • the electronic device is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs), organic integrated circuits (O-ICs), organic field effect transistors (O-FETs), organic thin-film transistors (O-TFTs), organic light-emitting transistors ( O-LETs), organic solar cells (O-SCs), dye-sensitized organic solar cells (DSSCs), organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field quench devices (O-FQDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), organic laser diodes (O -laser) and organic plasmon emitting devices, but preferably organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs).
  • O-ICs organic integrated circuits
  • O-FETs organic field effect transistors
  • OF-TFTs organic thin-film transistors
  • O-LETs organic light-emitting transistors
  • O-SCs organic solar cells
  • DSSCs dye-sensitized organic solar cells
  • organic optical detectors organic photore
  • the device is particularly preferably an organic electroluminescent device comprising cathode, anode and at least one emitting layer, wherein at least one organic layer, which can be an emitting layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, hole blocking layer, electron blocking layer or another functional layer, at least one according to the invention includes deuterated compound.
  • the layer depends on the substitution of the compound.
  • the organic electroluminescent device can contain other layers, for example one or more hole injection layers, hole transport layers, hole blocking layers, electron transport layers, electron injection layers, exciton blocking layers, electron blocking layers, charge generation layers (charge generation layers) and/or organic or inorganic p/n transitions.
  • interlayers can be introduced between two emitting layers, which have an exciton-blocking function, for example. However, it should be pointed out that each of these layers does not necessarily have to be present.
  • the organic electroluminescence device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers. If several emission layers are present, these preferably have a total of several emission maxima between 380 nm and 750 nm, resulting in white emission overall, i. H. in the emitting layers different emitting compounds are used which can fluoresce or phosphoresce. Systems with three emitting layers are particularly preferred, with the three layers exhibiting blue, green and orange or red emission (the basic structure is described, for example, in WO 2005/011013).
  • the organic electroluminescence device according to the invention can also be a tandem OLED, in particular for white-emitting OLEDs.
  • the organic electroluminescent device may include one or more phosphorescent emitters.
  • the organic electroluminescent device can contain an emitting layer, or it can contain a plurality of emitting layers, with at least one layer containing at least one deuterated layer connection contains.
  • the compound deuterated according to the invention can also be used in an electron transport layer and/or in a hole blocking layer and/or in a hole transport layer and/or in an exciton blocking layer.
  • phosphorescent compound typically refers to compounds where the emission of light occurs through a spin-forbidden transition, e.g. B. a transition from a triplet excited state or a state with a higher spin quantum number, e.g. B. a quintet state.
  • Suitable phosphorescent compounds are in particular compounds which, when excited appropriately, emit light, preferably in the visible range, and also at least one atom with an atomic number greater than 20, preferably greater than 38 and less than 84, particularly preferably greater than 56 and less than 80 included. All luminescent complexes with transition metals or lanthanides are considered to be preferred as phosphorescent compounds, particularly if they contain copper, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold or europium, particularly compounds containing iridium, contain platinum or copper. In the context of the present invention, all luminescent iridium, platinum or copper complexes are considered to be phosphorescent emitting compounds.
  • Examples of the emitter described above can be registered where 00/70655, where 2002/02714, WO 2002/15645, EP 1191612, EP 1191614, WO 05/019373, US 2005/ 0258742, WO 2009/146770, WO 2010/015307, WO 2010/031485, WO 2010/054731, WO 2010/054728, WO 2010/086089, WO 2010/099852, WO 2010/102709, WO 2011/032626, WO 2011/ 066898, WO 2011/157339, WO 2012/007086, WO 2014/008982, WO 2014/023377, WO 2014/094961, WO 2014/094960, WO 2015/036074, WO 2015/104045, WO 2015/117718, WO 2016/ 015815, WO 2016/124304, WO 2017/032439, WO 2018/011186, WO 2018/041769, WO 2019/020538, WO 2018/178
  • the deuterated compound is used as a hole transport material in a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer or an electron blocking layer
  • the compound can be used as a pure material, i.e. in a proportion of 100%, in the hole transport layer, or it can be used in combination with one or more other compounds be used.
  • the organic layer containing the deuterated compound then additionally contains one or more p-type dopants.
  • P-type dopants used in accordance with the present invention are preferably those organic electron acceptor compounds capable of oxidizing one or more of the other compounds in the mixture.
  • p-dopants are those in WO 2011/073149, EP 1968131, EP 2276085, EP 2213662, EP 1722602, EP 2045848, DE 102007031220, US 8044390, US 8057712, WO 2009/00 3455, WO 2010/094378, WO 2011/120709, US 2010/0096600, WO 2012/095143 and DE 102012209523.
  • Particularly preferred p-dopants are quinodimethane compounds, azaindenofluorenediones, azaphenylenes, azatriphenylenes, h, metal halides, preferably transition metal halides, metal oxides, preferably metal oxides containing at least one transition metal or a metal of main group 3, and transition metal complexes, preferably complexes of Cu, Co, Ni , Pd, and Pt with ligands containing at least one oxygen atom as a binding site.
  • Transition metal oxides are also preferred as dopants, preferably oxides of rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten, particularly preferably Re2O?, MoOs, WO3 and ReOs.
  • the p-type dopants are preferably present in a substantially homogeneous distribution in the p-type layers. This can e.g. B. be achieved by co-evaporation of the p-dopant and the hole transport material matrix.
  • the deuterated compound can also be used in an emitting layer as matrix material in combination with one or more emitting compounds, preferably phosphorescent compounds.
  • the proportion of the matrix material in the emitting layer is between 50.0 and 99.9% by volume, preferably between 80.0 and 99.5% by volume, particularly preferably between 92.0 and 99.5% by volume -%. for fluorescent emitting layers and between 85.0 and 97.0% by volume for phosphorescent emitting layers.
  • the proportion of the emitting compound is between 0.1 and 50.0% by volume, preferably between 0.5 and 20.0% by volume, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 8.0% by volume for fluorescent ones emissive layers and between 3.0 and 15.0% by volume. for phosphorescent emitting layers.
  • An emitting layer of an organic electroluminescent device can also comprise systems that contain a multiplicity of matrix materials (mixed matrix systems) and/or a multiplicity of emitting compounds.
  • the emitting compounds are usually those that have the smaller proportion in the system and the matrix materials are those that have the larger proportion in the system.
  • the proportion of a single matrix material in the system can be lower than the proportion of a single emitting compound.
  • Preferred fluorescent emitting compounds are selected from the class of arylamines.
  • an arylamine or an aromatic amine is understood as meaning a compound which contains three substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems which are bonded directly to the nitrogen.
  • At least one of these aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems is a fused ring system, more preferably having at least 14 aromatic ring atoms.
  • Preferred examples of these are aromatic anthracenamines, aromatic anthracenediamines, aromatic pyrenamines, aromatic pyrenediamines, aromatic chrysenamines or aromatic chrysenediamines.
  • An anthracene aromatic amine is understood to mean a compound in which a diarylamino group is attached directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9-position.
  • An aromatic anthracenediamine is understood to mean a compound in which two diarylamino groups are bonded directly to an anthracene group, preferably in the 9, 10-positions or 1, 6-position are attached to the pyrene.
  • Further preferred emitting compounds are indenofluorenamines or fluorenediamines, for example according to WO 2006/108497 or WO 2006/122630, benzoindenofluorenamines or -fluorenediamines, for example according to WO 2008/006449, and dibenzoindenofluorenamines or -diamines, for example according to WO 2007/140847, and those in WO 2010/012328 disclosed indenofluorene derivatives with fused aryl groups.
  • the pyrenearylamines disclosed in WO 2012/048780 and in WO 2013/185871 are also preferred. Also preferred are the benzoindenofluoreneamines disclosed in WO 2014/037077, the benzofluoreneamines disclosed in WO 2014/106522, the extended benzoindenofluorenes disclosed in WO 2014/111269 and in WO 2017/036574, the extended benzoindenofluorenes disclosed in WO 2017/028940 and in WO 2017/028 941 revealed Phenoxazines and the fluorine derivatives bonded to furan units or to thiophene units disclosed in WO 2016/150544.
  • Useful matrix materials, preferably for fluorescent compounds, include materials from different classes of substances.
  • Preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of oligoaryls (e.g. 2,2',7,7'-tetraphenylspirobifluorene according to EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene), in particular the oligoaryls with fused aromatic groups, the oligoarylenevinylenes (e.g. DPVBi or spiro-DPVBi according to EP 676461) , the polypodal metal complexes (e.g. according to WO 2004/081017), the hole-conducting compounds (e.g. according to WO 2004/058911), the electron-conducting compounds, in particular ketones, phosphine oxides, sulfoxides etc.
  • oligoaryls e.g. 2,2',7,7'-tetraphenylspirobifluorene according to EP 676461 or dinaphthylanthracene
  • Particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of oligoarylenes with naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene and/or pyrene or atropisomers of these compounds, oligoarylenevinylenes, ketones, phosphine oxides and sulfoxides.
  • Very particularly preferred matrix materials are selected from the classes of oligoarylenes, which include anthracene, benzanthracene, benzophenanthrene and/or pyrene or atropisomers of these compounds.
  • an oligoarylene is a compound in which at least three aryl or arylene groups are connected to one another.
  • WO 2006/097208, WO 2006/131192, WO 2007/065550, WO 2007/110129, WO 2007/065678, WO 2008/145239, WO 2009/100925, WO 2011/054442 and EP 155 3154 disclosed anthracene derivatives, the pyrene compounds disclosed in EP 1749809, EP 1905754 and US 2012/0187826, the benzanthracenylanthracene compounds disclosed in WO 2015/158409, the indenobenzofurans disclosed in WO 2017/025165 and the phenanthrylanthracenes disclosed in WO 2017/036573.
  • Preferred matrix materials for phosphorescent compounds are aromatic ketones, aromatic phosphine oxides or aromatic sulfoxides or sulfones, e.g. B. according to WO 2004/013080, WO 2004/093207, WO 2006/005627 or WO 2010/006680, triarylamines, carbazole derivatives, e.g. B. CBP (N, N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl) or according to WO 2005/039246, US 2005/0069729, JP 2004/288381, EP 1205527, WO 2008/086851 or WO 2013/041176, indolocarbazole derivatives, z. B.
  • CBP N, N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl
  • WO 2012/048781 lactams, z. B. according to WO 2011/116865 or WO 2011/137951, or dibenzofuran derivatives, z. according to WO 2015/169412, WO 2016/015810, WO 2016/023608, WO 2017/148564 or WO 2017/148565.
  • another phosphorescent emitter which emits at a shorter wavelength than the actual emitter, can be present as a co-host in the mixture, or a compound that does not participate, or does not participate to a significant extent, in charge transport, as described for example in WO 2010/108579.
  • Suitable charge transport materials as can be used in the hole injection or hole transport layer or in the electron blocking layer or in the electron transport layer of the electronic component, in addition to the deuterated compounds are, for example, those described in Y. Shirota et al., Chem. Rev. 2007, 107(4) , 953-1010, or other materials used in these prior art layers.
  • the one OLED preferably comprises two or more different hole-transporting layers.
  • the deuterated compound can be in one or more or in all hole-transporting layers be used.
  • Other compounds that are preferably used in hole-transporting layers of the OLEDs are, in particular, indenofluorenamine derivatives (e.g. according to WO 06/122630 or WO 06/100896), the amine derivatives disclosed in EP 1661888, hexaazatriphenylene derivatives (e.g.
  • amine derivatives with fused aromatics for example according to US 5,061,569), the amine derivatives disclosed in WO 95/09147, monobenzoindenofluorenamines (for example according to WO 08/006449), dibenzoindenofluorenamines (for example according to WO 07/140847), spirobifluorenamines (for example According to Wo 2012/034627 or Wo 2013/120577), fluorenamine (for example after where 2014/015937, where 2014/015935 and where 2015/082056), Spirodibenzopyranamine (for example according to where 2013/083216), dihydroacridin derivatives (for example according to WO 2012/150001), spirodibenzofurans and spirodibenzothiophenes (for example according to WO 2015/022051, WO 2016/102048 and WO 2016/131521), phenanthrene diarylamines (for example according to WO 2015/022051, WO 2016/102048 and
  • spirobifluorenes substituted by diarylamino groups in the 4-position as hole-transporting compounds is very particularly preferred, in particular the use of those compounds which are claimed and disclosed in WO 2013/120577, and the use of spirobifluorenes substituted by diarylamino groups in the 2-position as hole-transporting compounds Compounds, in particular the use of those compounds claimed and disclosed in WO 2012/034627.
  • Aluminum complexes eg Alq3, zirconium complexes, eg Zrq4, lithium complexes, eg Liq, benzimidazole derivatives, triazine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, quinoline derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, aromatic ketones, lactams, boranes , diazaphosphole derivatives and phosphine oxide derivatives.
  • Other suitable materials are derivatives of the aforementioned compounds, as disclosed in JP 2000/053957, WO 2003/060956, WO 2004/028217, WO 2004/080975 and WO 2010/072300.
  • Preferred cathodes of the electronic component are metals with a low work function, metal alloys or multilayer structures made of different metals, e.g. B. alkaline earth metals, alkali metals, main group metals or lanthanides (e.g. Ca, Ba, Mg, Al, In, Mg, Yb, Sm, etc.). Additionally suitable are alloys of an alkali or alkaline earth metal and silver, e.g. B. an alloy of magnesium and silver. In the case of multilayer structures, in addition to the metals mentioned, other metals with a relatively high work function can also be used, e.g. B. Ag or Al, usually combinations of metals such. B.
  • Ca / Ag, Mg / Ag or Ba / Ag can be used. It may also be advantageous to introduce a thin intermediate layer of high dielectric constant material between a metallic cathode and the organic semiconductor.
  • suitable materials are alkali or alkaline earth metal fluorides, but also the corresponding oxides or carbonates (e.g. LiF, L12O, BaF2, MgO, NaF, CsF, CS2CO3, etc.). It is also possible to use lithium quinolinate (LiQ) for this purpose.
  • the layer thickness of this layer is preferably between 0.5 and 5 nm.
  • Preferred anodes are high work function materials.
  • the anode has a work function greater than 4.5 eV versus vacuum.
  • metals with a high redox potential e.g. B. Ag, Pt or Au.
  • metal/metal oxide electrodes e.g. Al/Ni/NiOx, Al/PtOx
  • at least one of the electrodes must be transparent or partially transparent to allow the irradiation of the organic material (organic solar cell) or the emission of light (OLED, O- laser) to allow.
  • Preferred anode materials here are conductive mixed metal oxides. Indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) are particularly preferred.
  • the anode can also consist of two or more layers, for example an inner layer of ITO and an outer layer of a metal oxide, preferably tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide or vanadium oxide.
  • the device is structured, contacted and finally sealed accordingly (depending on the application) in order to exclude harmful influences from water and air.
  • organic electroluminescent device it is possible to use all materials that are customarily used in accordance with the prior art.
  • the person skilled in the art can therefore use all materials known for organic electroluminescent devices in combination with the deuterated compounds without any inventive step.
  • the aforementioned compounds, in particular the aromatic or heteroaromatic compounds can also be deuterated using the method according to the invention, in particular in order to improve their lifetime.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers are coated using a sublimation process.
  • the materials are vapour-deposited in vacuum sublimation systems at an initial pressure of less than 10' 5 mbar, preferably less than 10' 6 mbar. However, it is also possible for the initial pressure to be even lower, for example less than 10-7 mbar.
  • An organic electroluminescent device is also preferred, characterized in that one or more layers are coated using the OVPD (organic vapor phase deposition) method or with the aid of carrier gas sublimation.
  • the materials are applied at a pressure of between 10'5 mbar and 1 bar.
  • This process is the OVJP (Organic Vapor Jet Printing) process, in which the materials are applied directly through a nozzle and thus structured.
  • an organic electroluminescent device characterized in that one or more layers of solution, such as. B. by spin coating, or with any printing method, such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
  • any printing method such as. B. screen printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, LITI (Light Induced Thermal Imaging, thermal transfer printing), ink-jet printing (ink jet printing) or nozzle printing.
  • Hybrid processes are also possible, in which, for example, one or more layers are applied from solution and one or more further layers are vapor-deposited.
  • the electronic devices containing one or more deuterated compounds can be used in displays, as light sources in lighting applications, and as light sources in medical and/or cosmetic applications (e.g., light therapy).
  • the deuterated compounds and the organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention are distinguished by one or more of the following properties:
  • the compounds according to the invention lead to long lifetimes. 2.
  • the compounds according to the invention lead to high efficiencies, in particular to a high EQE.
  • the solvents and reagents can e.g. B. from Sigma-ALDRICH or ABCR.
  • the respective information in square brackets or the numbers given for individual compounds relate to the CAS numbers of the compounds known from the literature.
  • Methylcyclopentane - Mcp MerckMillipore (>99.5%)
  • Triethylamine MerckMillipore (>99.0%)
  • the water-moist catalysts (Pd/C and Pt/C) were dried for 3 days at 60° C. and 20 mbar in a vacuum drying cabinet. Water content according to Karl Fischer approx. 1%.
  • a stirred autoclave is charged with the compound V, D2O, a solvent (LM), a cat bar nitrogen rendered inert or degassed by a single injection and release of 30 bar nitrogen and for the specified reaction time R at the specified temperature? with an inclined blade stirrer at 1000 rpm. touched.
  • the exact batch amounts are shown below.
  • the stirred autoclave is allowed to cool, the reaction mixture is removed and the catalyst is filtered off and the cyclohexane phase is separated off.
  • the catalyst is washed with THF and then extracted with hot THF until it no longer contains any product.
  • the combined organic phases are evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator (p approx. 20 mbar, T approx. 60° C.).
  • the conversion (area % of the deuterated product) and the by-products (sum of the area % of all by-products) are determined using HPLC, Merck Hitachi D-7000, detection wavelength 254 nm, column: StarRP18e 250/4.5 5 pm, THF/ACN/H2O- mixtures determined.
  • the degree of deuteration MD is determined using HPLC-MS, Agilent 1260 Infinity II, ionization: APCI, column: Agilent Zorbax-C18 600 bar, 2.1X50 mm, 1.8 pm, THF/ACN/H2O mixtures.
  • the degree of deuteration MD is calculated using the following formula:
  • the process according to the invention also gives good results under reflux conditions, in particular few by-products.
  • the addition of an alcohol again increases the amount of by-products.
  • V3B1 undried catalyst
  • V3B1 methylcyclopropane
  • the addition of the additives reduces the by-products and, in the case of the Pd salts, also increases the degree of deuteration. This can increase sales.
  • the additives again lead to an increase in the degree of deuteration and/or a reduction in the by-products.
  • the example shows that chlorine groups are also tolerated.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un composé organique deutérié, comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant : à fournir au moins un catalyseur métallique hétérogène, la fourniture comprenant le séchage du catalyseur métallique ; à préparer une composition liquide comprenant le composé organique, ledit catalyseur hétérogène, au moins une source de deutérium et au moins un hydrocarbure aliphatique servant de solvant ; à chauffer la composition par deutériation du composé organique.
EP22840088.3A 2021-12-21 2022-12-19 Procédé de préparation de composés organiques deutériés Pending EP4452909A1 (fr)

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