EP4479335A1 - Portique de levage et procede de montage associe - Google Patents
Portique de levage et procede de montage associeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4479335A1 EP4479335A1 EP23707998.3A EP23707998A EP4479335A1 EP 4479335 A1 EP4479335 A1 EP 4479335A1 EP 23707998 A EP23707998 A EP 23707998A EP 4479335 A1 EP4479335 A1 EP 4479335A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- axle
- upright
- uprights
- gantry
- bore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
- B66C19/02—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries collapsible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
- B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a lifting gantry and a method of mounting this lifting gantry.
- a lifting gantry provided with a lifting device, such as a hoist, capable of being connected, directly or indirectly, to the mechanical part to be lifted.
- the lifting gantry comprises two feet extending from the ground in a first direction, in particular in a vertical direction.
- the legs are connected to each other by a beam from which the lifting device is suspended.
- the lifting device is fixedly connected to the beam, no movement of the lifting device along the beam being permitted.
- the beam forms a rail along which the lifting device can move.
- the beam of the gantry is arranged at a sufficient distance from the ground to enable the mechanical part to be lifted to a desired height. Due to the weight of the beam, its assembly on the legs of the gantry at such a distance requires the use of heavy machinery, which is not available at all places, or excessive human force, which requires the intervention of several operators and entails a risk for their physical integrity.
- the gantry known from the prior art is not rigid and stable enough to lift and move heavy mechanical parts, which endangers the operators who work near the gantry, in particular those who work under it. this.
- a lifting gantry comprising:
- - a frame comprising at least three first uprights extending parallel to a first plane and each comprising a first end portion and a second opposite end portion, each of the first and second end portions of one of the first amounts being connected to another respective first amount;
- each second upright being further connected to the frame by means for rigidly connecting the second upright to the frame and for continuously rotating the second upright relative to the frame between a first position in which the second upright forms an angle less than 90 ° with the first plane and a second position in which the second upright is substantially perpendicular to said first plane.
- the first uprights are initially arranged on a support at a distance from the ground, then connected together to obtain the frame.
- a second upright is rotatably connected to the frame by its first end, the second end being oriented towards the ground. It is understood that in this position, corresponding to the first position, the second upright forms an angle of less than 90° with the first plane. The same operation is repeated for each second amount.
- the rigid connecting and displacement means are actuated so that the second uprights move to their second position, which corresponds to a service position, that is to say , the position of the uprights when the gantry crane is operational.
- the means of rigid connection and displacement of the second uprights it is possible to raise the frame to a desired height, in particular to a height allowing operators to work under the gantry, without using external lifting means. at the portico or human strength. Also, the gantry can be installed anywhere without the need to transport heavy machinery and without endangering the health of the operators installing it.
- the presence of at least three first uprights makes it possible to increase the resistance of the gantry to the loads raised in service, in particular to the weight of said mechanical part.
- the presence of at least three second uprights makes it possible to improve the stability of the gantry, in particular in their second position, which improves the safety of any operator working under the gantry.
- the first plane extends substantially parallel to the ground on which the gantry is installed, both in the first position and in the second position of the second uprights.
- the rigid connection and continuous displacement means are specific to each second upright and independent of the rigid connection and continuous displacement means of the other second uprights.
- each second upright thus make it possible to move the respective second upright between the first position and the second position independently of the means for rigid connection and continuous movement of the other second uprights.
- the rigid connection and continuous displacement means comprise a rack winch connected to each second upright.
- the rack winch can be manual or motorized.
- the manual case it is provided with an actuating element, such as a crank, which allows the operator to control the movement of the respective second upright between the first and second positions in a simple manner and without requiring physical effort. important.
- the motorized case the operator can control this movement without exerting any physical effort.
- the motorized rack winch can be controlled remotely.
- the rack winch has sufficient lifting capacities to allow the movement of the respective second upright between the first and second positions despite the high weight of the frame, which is around 150 kg.
- the frame further comprises a plurality of stiffeners, each stiffener connecting one of the first uprights to one of the second uprights.
- each second upright is connected to two first uprights. Also, the number of stiffeners is doubled compared to the number of second uprights.
- each stiffener comprises a connecting bar, which is rigid and of constant length. It connects the first end portion of a second upright to a first upright.
- the plurality of stiffeners makes it possible to improve the stability of the gantry and to increase its resistance to the loads raised.
- the stiffeners also make it possible, once fixed at both ends, to form a fixed connection from a first upright to a second upright. In this mounting position, rotation of the second upright around its axis is no longer permitted.
- the second end portion of each second upright comprises a lifting member configured to move the respective second upright substantially perpendicular to the first plane when the second uprights are in the second position.
- the height at which the frame is located relative to the ground can be increased. This allows this height to be adjusted so that, if the gantry is used to install the lifted mechanical part in a dedicated space, the height of the frame relative to the floor ensures that this part is aligned with said space before installation. This is the case, for example, for the arrangement of an axle in a bore of a bogie.
- the second end portion of each second upright comprises a rolling element.
- the rolling element facilitates movement on the ground of each second upright, a single operator thus being able to move each second upright on the ground to connect its first end portion to the frame.
- the first uprights, the second uprights, the rail and the rigid connection and continuous displacement means each form a unitary part, these parts being connected by removable links.
- the links being removable, the gantry can be dismantled and stored in a compact manner, which allows it to be easily transported by land, sea or air.
- the gantry comprises four first uprights and four second uprights arranged so as to form a general cubic structure.
- the presence of four second uprights makes it possible to further increase the stability of the gantry in the second position of the second uprights.
- each first upright and the rail have a weight less than or equal to 50 kg.
- each first upright and the rail have a weight less than or equal to 40 kg.
- each post and the rail can have a weight less than or equal to 36 kg.
- Each first upright and the rail can thus be transported by only two operators while respecting the legal provisions which set the maximum load that an operator can carry at 25 kg.
- a method for mounting a lifting gantry comprising: a) assembly of the frame by connecting each of the first and second end portions of one of the first uprights to another respective first upright; b) assembly of the rail on the frame; c) connection to the frame of the first end portion of each second upright, the first end portion of each second upright being articulated in rotation on the frame about an axis parallel to the first plane; d) connection of each second upright to a first upright via said rigid connection and continuous displacement means; e) displacement of each second upright in rotation about the axis parallel to the first plane between the first position obtained in step d) and the second position by actuation of the rigid connection and continuous displacement means.
- the first uprights are placed on the support at a distance from the ground, then connected together.
- the support may comprise a plurality of independent support elements such as trestles, preferably as many support elements as first uprights. The first end portion of each first upright can thus rest on one of the support elements, and the second end portion of each first upright on another of the support elements.
- the height of the support elements is less than or equal to 1 m, preferably between 0.8 m and 1 m. Operators therefore do not have to make significant physical effort to place the first uprights on the unitary support elements.
- the method of mounting the gantry according to the invention does not require the use of heavy machinery, and the use of human force is limited to that used to arrange the first uprights on the unitary support elements and to assemble the rail on the frame.
- the gantry mounting method further comprises the connection between each first upright and each second upright of the respective stiffener after the displacement of each second upright between the first position and the second position.
- the method further comprising the installation of each lifting element after the displacement of each second upright between the first position and the second position.
- the second end portion of each second upright in a retracted position of each lifting element, the second end portion of each second upright is in contact with the ground on which the gantry is put into service, while in a deployed position of each lifting element, the second end portion of each second upright is separated from the ground by a distance equal to a deployment length of each lifting element.
- the lifting devices can be premounted on each second upright and can be moved thereon from a standby position to a service position.
- This document also relates to a method for mounting an axle in a bore of a bogie mounted on a landing gear of an aircraft, the landing gear being in a deployed position, the bore of the bogie extending in a substantially horizontal direction, called the direction of installation of the axle, between a first open end and a second open end, the method comprising: a) providing a mobile supporting structure comprising means for moving the axle movable in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of installation of the axle, b) installation of the axle on the means of displacement of the axle, c) alignment of the axis of the axle with the axis of the bore, d) introduction of the axle into said bore of the bogie by moving the means for moving the axle in the direction substantially parallel to the direction of installation of the axle.
- the mounting method makes it possible to install the axle in the bore of the bogie without the need for remove the bogie from the landing gear.
- the axle can even be installed under the wing of the plane. This makes it possible to simplify the assembly of the axle in the bore as well as to speed up the assembly of the axle in the bore, so as to reduce the costs associated with the immobilization of the aircraft.
- the method may include a step prior to step d) comprising the introduction of the axle in a horizontal position, for a given time, for example one hour, in a container filled with liquid nitrogen.
- step c) comprises:
- the alignment between the axis of the axle and the mark also implies that the axis of the axle is aligned with the axis of the bore.
- the axle can therefore be easily introduced into the bore without the risk of collisions between the axle and the bore during this introduction.
- the marker can be arranged in a vertical plane including the direction of installation, this plane corresponding to a lifting plane of the axis of the axle.
- the method may include mounting a laser beam device in the bore of the bogie such that the axis of the laser beam is coaxial with the axis of the bore of the bogie.
- the laser beam will be visible on the mark.
- the axis of the laser beam being coaxial with the axis of the bore of the bogie, an alignment between the mark and the laser beam makes it possible to guarantee the alignment between the axis of the bore and the mark.
- step d) is preceded by a step comprising the fitting of a sleeve around a first end of the axle which is arranged opposite the bore of the bogie according to the installation direction of the axle.
- the sleeve can be made of a flexible material, such as plastic. This sleeve helps to cushion any collisions that may occur between the axle and the bore of the bogie during step d).
- This document also relates to an installation for implementing a method for mounting an axle in a bore of a bogie mounted on a landing gear of an aircraft, the landing gear being in a deployed position, the bore extending in a substantially horizontal direction, called the axle installation direction, between a first open end and a second end open, the installation comprising:
- the installation allows the mounting of the axle in the bore in a substantially horizontal direction. There is therefore no need to disassemble the bogie from the landing gear to mount the axle in the bore.
- the installation can in particular be arranged under the wing of the aircraft in order to mount the axle directly in this position. The installation therefore simplifies the assembly of the axle and reduces its cost.
- the installation may further comprise a tank filled with liquid nitrogen.
- the container filled with liquid nitrogen allows the axle to be cooled before introducing it into the bore. This causes a contraction of the axle which facilitates its introduction into the bore. Once in the bore, the axle temperature rises to ambient temperature causing the axle to expand which allows the axle to be tightly fitted into the bogie bore without further fasteners .
- the alignment means may comprise a marker carried by the movable bearing structure and a laser beam device shaped to be installed in the bore of the bogie so that the axis of the laser beam is coaxial with the axis of the bogie bore.
- a position of the marker can be adjusted so that the laser beam intercepts the marker.
- the axis of the laser beam being coaxial with the axis of the bore of the bogie, the installation makes it possible to easily align the mark and the axis of said bore.
- the installation may further comprise means for moving the marker comprising at least one rolling element configured to move the supporting structure along a horizontal plane, and at least one lifting member of the supporting structure configured to move the structure bearing in translation in a substantially vertical direction.
- the marker can be moved along the horizontal plane and in the substantially vertical direction until the laser beam intercepts the marker, which makes it possible to guarantee the alignment between the mark and the axis of the bore.
- the supporting structure comprises an upper frame carried by a plurality of vertical uprights, the upper frame supporting the means for moving the axle in a position for insertion into the bore of the bogie and for mounting the axle in the bogie bore.
- the means for moving the axle are in particular arranged so that, once the mark is aligned with the axis of the bore, the means for moving the axle move in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the bore. axis of the bore. This allows the axle to be easily aligned with the bore.
- the moving means comprise a rail carried by the upper frame and a hoist mounted for translational movement on the rail in the direction of installation of the axle.
- the hoist makes it possible to lift the axle to the position of alignment between the axis of the axle and the axis of the bore.
- the hoist being mounted in translational movement on the rail according to the direction of installation of the axle, the axle is directly introduced into the bore from this movement of the hoist once the axle is aligned with the bogie bore axis
- the marker can be mounted fixed relative to the rail and arranged in a plane comprising the installation direction of the axle and the direction of translational movement of the hoist on the rail.
- the hoist can be configured so that in the high position, the axle is necessarily positioned with its axis aligned with the mark.
- the alignment between the axle and the mark is thus obtained by positioning the hoist in the high position.
- the alignment between the axle and the mark is therefore easily obtained and limits the risk of error.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a lifting gantry according to the invention in a low service position.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the lifting gantry of Figure 1 in a high service position.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a rigid connection means and continuous movement installed on the lifting gantry of Figure 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a frame of the lifting gantry of Figure 1 placed on a support.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the lifting gantry of Figure 1 in another position.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an installation for mounting an axle on a bogie installed on an aircraft landing gear, the installation comprising the gantry of Figure 1.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation and the landing gear of Figure 6 and seen in a different orientation.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the gantry of Figure 1 when it is part of the installation of Figures 6 and 7.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an axle support of the installation of Figures 6 and 7.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a tank of the installation of Figures 6 and 7.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the axle support of figure 9 supporting the axle and introduced into the tray of figure 10.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the axle support of figure 9 supporting the axle, and of the tray of figure 10.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a laser of the installation of FIGS. 6 and 7 and of a detail of the bogie.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a detail of the bogie when the axle supported by the axle support is introduced into the bore of the bogie.
- an orthonormal frame comprising a first direction X, a second direction Y and a third direction Z orthogonal to one another.
- the first X direction and the second Y direction are substantially horizontal, so as to form between them a substantially horizontal XY plane.
- the third direction Z is substantially vertical and forms an XZ plane with the first X direction, as well as a YZ plane with the second Y direction.
- the XZ and YZ planes are substantially vertical.
- a lifting gantry 30 or supporting structure will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the gantry is placed on a ground S which extends along the plane XY, without this limiting.
- the gantry comprises a plurality of first uprights 32 and a plurality of second uprights 34.
- the first uprights extend parallel to a first plane.
- the plurality of first uprights 32 extend substantially parallel to the XY plane, substantially horizontal, while the plurality of second uprights 34 extend along the Z direction, substantially vertical.
- first uprights will be called “horizontal uprights” and the second uprights will be called “vertical uprights”.
- the gantry comprises at least three horizontal uprights 32 and at least three vertical uprights 34.
- the gantry comprises four horizontal uprights and four vertical uprights arranged so as to form a general cubic structure.
- the horizontal uprights are parallel in pairs, two horizontal uprights extending along the X direction and two horizontal uprights extending along the Y direction.
- Each horizontal upright 32 comprises a first end portion 32a and a second end portion 32b opposed.
- Each end portion 32a, 32b is adapted to connect two horizontal uprights 32 together.
- each portion end 32a, 32b of the horizontal uprights 32 is connected to another respective horizontal upright.
- each of the end portions 32a, 32b of the horizontal uprights extending substantially parallel to the direction X is connected to one of the end portions of a respective horizontal upright s' extending substantially parallel to the Y direction.
- each end portion of the horizontal uprights can for example be provided with at least one connector 36 or at least one bore (not visible).
- Each bore extends in a plane substantially parallel to the XY plane and passes through the horizontal upright 32 in which it is included in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of extent of this upright.
- a bore made in one of their end portions extends substantially along the Y direction.
- each connector 36 extends from the respective end portion along the direction of extent of the horizontal upright 32 with which this end portion is connected.
- each connector 36 comprises two assembly lugs 36a, 36b arranged opposite one another.
- Each assembly tab 36a, 36b includes a hole (not visible in the figures). The holes of the two assembly tabs 36a, 36b are aligned with each other.
- the horizontal upright 32 comprising the bore is arranged between the assembly tabs 36a, 36b of the connector of the other horizontal upright 32 so that the holes of the assembly tabs and bore are aligned.
- a removable connecting element 38 such as a rod, can then be arranged so as to pass through the two holes of the connector 36 and the bore. The two horizontal uprights 32 are thus interconnected and held in position relative to each other.
- the frame 40 carries a rail 50 extending in a longitudinal direction 50 substantially parallel to the XY plane.
- the longitudinal direction corresponds to the Y direction, this not being limiting.
- the rail 50 will be described in more detail later.
- each end portion 32a, 32b is further adapted to connect the horizontal uprights 32 to the vertical uprights 34 as explained below.
- each end portion of the horizontal uprights 32 may comprise at least one connector 36 as described above, but extending substantially parallel to the direction Z.
- the vertical uprights 34 carry the upper frame 40 of the gantry, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- each vertical upright 34 is arranged opposite a another vertical upright 34 in the first direction X, and opposite another vertical upright 34 in the second direction Y.
- Each vertical upright 34 comprises a first end portion 34a and a second end portion 34b opposite.
- the first end portion 34a is adapted to be connected to at least two horizontal uprights. More specifically, the first end portion 34a is adapted to be connected to one of the end portions 32a, 32b of at least two horizontal uprights.
- each first end portion 34a of the vertical uprights 34 comprises one or more connectors 36 similar to that described previously, and/or one or more bores (not visible).
- the first end portion 34a of each vertical upright 34 comprises a bore (not visible), a connector 36 extending substantially along the first direction X and a connector 36 extending substantially along the second direction Y.
- the vertical upright 34 is placed between the assembly tabs of the connector 36 of the respective horizontal upright which extends substantially parallel in the Z direction.
- the vertical post 34 is in particular placed between the assembly lugs of this connector 36 so as to align the holes of the assembly lugs and the bore passing through the vertical post.
- a removable connecting element 38 for example similar to that used to connect two horizontal uprights 32, can then be arranged so as to pass through the two holes of the connector and the bore of the vertical upright.
- the vertical upright 34 and the horizontal upright 32 are thus directly connected to each other by the removable connecting element 38 and held in position relative to each other.
- each vertical upright 34 connected directly to the respective horizontal upright 32 by the removable connecting element 38 is articulated in rotation on the frame 40 around an axis parallel to the plane parallel to the horizontal uprights 32, in this case the XY plane.
- the axis of rotation of each vertical upright 34 is for example aligned with the removable connecting element 38 which makes it possible to directly connect each vertical upright 34 to the respective horizontal upright 32.
- each vertical upright 34 can thus be moved between a first position in which the respective vertical upright forms an angle of less than 90° with the frame 40, and a second position, visible in Figures 1 and 2, which corresponds to a service position of each vertical upright 34.
- each vertical upright 34 is meant the position of each vertical upright when the gantry 30 is operational, that is to say, when it is possible to use it to lift a mechanical part.
- the vertical uprights 34 in the service position extend substantially perpendicular to the XY plane, that is to say, in the Z direction.
- the second end portion 34b is placed on a lower zone, with respect to the Z direction, of the respective vertical upright 34.
- the second end portion 34b thus forms a foot of each vertical upright 34.
- each foot 34b can be provided with a rolling element 42 and with a lifting member 44 of the portico.
- the rolling element 42 is for example a wheel making it possible to move the gantry along the XY plane.
- the wheel 42 is capable of rotating around an axis substantially parallel to the respective vertical upright through an angle of 360°. The gantry can thus be easily moved in all directions included in the XY plane, even by a single operator.
- the wheel 42 includes a stop brake which blocks the movement of the wheel, and therefore the movement of the gantry in the XY plane, when it is actuated.
- the lifting member 44 is for example a jack.
- the lifting device 44 is removably connected to the foot 34b.
- the lifting member 44 is configured to move between a retracted position, visible in Figure 1, and an extended position, visible in Figure 2. This allows the gantry 30 to be moved substantially perpendicular to the plane parallel to the uprights horizontal. In the present case, the lifting device makes it possible to move the gantry in the direction Z. The gantry 30 can thus be moved between a first low position or minimum position in height, visible in FIG. 1, up to a second position high or maximum height position, shown in Figure 2.
- the lifting member 44 is configured to be able to lift the gantry 30 continuously from a first low position or minimum position in height, visible in Figure 1, to a second high position or maximum position in height, shown in figure 2.
- the lifting device can be actuated manually.
- the lifter 44 of each leg 34a is actuated independently of the lifters 44 of the other legs 34a.
- the gantry 30 can include synchronous lifting devices for all the vertical uprights 34 of so as to allow the simultaneous lifting of all the feet 34b together and by a single command.
- the gantry 30 is therefore mobile in the three perpendicular directions of space X, Y, Z thanks to the rolling element 42 and the lifting device 44.
- the gantry 30 can also comprise a plurality of stiffeners 46.
- each stiffener 46 comprises a connecting bar, without this being limiting.
- the connecting bar 46 is for example a rigid bar of constant length.
- Each connecting bar 46 connects one of the horizontal uprights 32 to one of the vertical uprights 34.
- each connecting bar 46 can be arranged between each free connector 36 arranged on the second end portion of the vertical upright 34 and one of the free connectors 36 arranged on the end portions of the horizontal uprights 32.
- free connector is meant a connector which has not yet been used to connect two uprights 32, 34 together.
- each vertical upright 34 is connected to two horizontal uprights 32. The number of connecting bars 46 is thus doubled compared to the number of vertical uprights 34.
- each connecting bar 46 extends substantially diagonally between one of the vertical uprights 34 and one of the horizontal uprights 32.
- the connecting bar 46 comprises two ends, each advantageously comprising a hole (not visible in the figures) which makes it possible to connect the connection bar 46 to the connectors 36 of the vertical 34 and horizontal 32 uprights which it connects.
- a removable connecting element 38 for example similar to that used to connect two horizontal uprights, can be used to connect each connecting bar 46 between the respective vertical 34 and horizontal 32 uprights.
- the plurality of stiffeners 46 makes it possible to improve the stability of the frame and to increase its resistance to the loads lifted.
- Each stiffener 46 also makes it possible to create a fixed connection from one of the horizontal uprights 32 to one of the vertical uprights 34.
- the gantry 30 further comprises means for rigidly connecting each vertical upright 34 to the frame 40 and for continuously rotating each vertical upright 34 relative to the frame 40.
- each vertical upright 42 has means rigid connection and continuous displacement which are specific to it and independent of the rigid connection and continuous displacement means of the other vertical uprights.
- the rigid connection and continuous displacement means comprise a plurality of winches 48.
- Each winch 48 is arranged between a vertical upright 34 and a horizontal upright 36.
- all the winches 48 extend along the same plane, in particular the XZ plane or the YZ plane.
- each winch 48 is arranged between each of the vertical uprights 34 and only each of the horizontal uprights 36 extending substantially parallel to a single direction.
- four winches are installed, each winch connecting the first end portion 34a of the respective vertical upright 34 and one of the end portions of the horizontal uprights 32 extending substantially parallel to the first direction X. All the winches 48 therefore extend along the plane XZ in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- no winch 48 is installed between the respective vertical upright 34 and the horizontal uprights 32 extending substantially along the second direction Y. No winch 48 therefore does not extend along the plane YZ in the example of Figures 1 and 2.
- each vertical upright 34 can be moved between the first position in which the respective vertical upright forms an angle of less than 90° with the frame 40, and the service position visible in Figures 1 and 2.
- each winch 48 is independent of the other winches 48. This makes it possible to move each vertical upright 34 between the first position and the second position, or service position, independently of the other vertical uprights 34.
- each winch 48 can be a rack winch.
- the rack winch is a manual winch provided with an actuating element, such as a crank, which allows the operator to control the movement of the respective second upright between the first and second positions in a simple manner and without require significant physical effort.
- the rack winch is motorized, the operator can thus control this movement without exerting any physical effort and even from a distance.
- the means of rigid connection and continuous movement can allow the arrangement of the vertical uprights in a multitude of positions between the first position and the service position.
- the gantry 30 further comprises a longitudinal rail 50.
- the rail is connected to the upper frame 40, preferably by a connection of the removable type, similar to that used to connect the horizontal uprights together.
- the rail 50 extends substantially transversely to at least one of the horizontal uprights.
- the rail 50 is connected to two horizontal uprights 32.
- the rail 50 is connected to two horizontal uprights 32 arranged opposite each other in the direction Y.
- the rail 50 comprises a first end part 50a and a second end part 50b opposed.
- Each of the first and second end portions 50a, 50b is provided with a locking element 52 of the rail 50 movable between a locking position and an unlocking position of the rail 50.
- the first end portion 50a of the rail may comprise further a first hole 51a and a second hole 51b.
- the rail 50 advantageously has an H-shape. Thanks to the H-shape, a device for lifting a mechanical part can be articulated in longitudinal movement on the rail 50.
- the lifting device comprises for example a carriage 54 hoist holder connected to a hoist 56.
- the hoist 56 can thus be connected to the rail 50 via the trolley 54.
- the carriage 54 is mounted to move in translation along the longitudinal direction of the rail 50, in this case the direction substantially perpendicular to the direction X.
- the hoist 56 is then integral with the movements of the carriage 54 along the rail 50.
- the hoist 56 comprises a chain (not shown) that can be moved substantially in the direction Z between a low position and a high position. This allows, as will be detailed later, to move the mechanical part from the ground to a height at which it is to be installed.
- the lifting device further comprises a hooking device 57, visible in Figures 11 and 12, which is connected to one end of the chain of the hoist 56.
- the gantry can further comprise a contact arm 58 with another mechanical part, called the receiving part, in which the raised mechanical part is to be installed.
- the contact arm 58 is removably connected to one of the vertical uprights 54.
- the contact arm extends in the shape of an L from one of the vertical uprights 54 of the gantry 30.
- the contact arm contact 58 extends substantially parallel to the Y direction, and is substantially aligned along the X direction with the horizontal upright 32 located in contact with the first end portion 50a of the rail 50.
- the arm contact 58 protrudes from the gantry 30 substantially parallel to the direction Y.
- the second part 58b of the L is located laterally by relative to the rail 50, which prevents the contact arm 58 from interfering with the movement of the mechanical part raised during its installation in the receiving part.
- the second part 58b of the L is connected to a support block 58c of the receiving part.
- the support block 58c extends substantially parallel to the third direction Z.
- the support block 58c comprises a substantially concave support face 58d against which the receiving part comes into contact.
- the support block 58c may further comprise a strap 58e.
- the strap 58e is for example arranged adjacent to the bearing face 58d. The strap 58e makes it possible to fix the receiving part to the support block so as to limit the relative movements between the receiving part and the gantry 30 during the assembly of the mechanical part raised in the receiving part.
- the gantry 30 is mainly made of steel or aluminum in order to limit its weight.
- each of the uprights and the rail have a weight less than or equal to 50 kg, more preferably less than or equal to 40 kg.
- each of the uprights and the rail can have a weight less than or equal to 36 kg.
- each of the parts in the gantry 30 as described above and illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponds to an operational position of the gantry.
- each of the parts which form the gantry 30 are unitary parts which are interconnected by removable connections, as described above.
- unitary part is meant a structurally independent part.
- the gantry can thus be in a disassembled position, in which each of the unit parts is separated from the others and can adopt any position in space. Also, in the disassembled position of the gantry, all the individual parts can be arranged so as to occupy a reduced volume compared to the volume occupied by the gantry in the operational position. Parts can therefore be stored compactly, making it easy to move them from place to place, whether by land, sea or air.
- each vertical upright 34 can be increased without the need to use means of lifting external to the gantry or human force.
- the lifting device 44 of each foot also makes it possible to contribute to this objective.
- the gantry 30 can be installed and adjusted at any location without the need to transport heavy machinery and without endangering the health of the operators installing it.
- the presence of at least three first uprights makes it possible to increase the resistance of the gantry to the loads raised in service, in particular to the weight of the mechanical part raised.
- the stability of the gantry 30 is improved, which makes it possible to limit the risks of failure of the gantry and consequently, increases the safety of any operator working under the gantry 30.
- the stability of the gantry 30 allows rapid installation of the mechanical part in the lifted part. In particular, the installation time can be around 30 seconds.
- the method first comprises assembling the frame. This step is carried out by connecting each of the first and second end portions of one of the horizontal uprights to another respective horizontal upright, as explained above.
- the horizontal uprights 32 are arranged on a support 200 at a distance from the ground S.
- the support 200 comprises for example a plurality of unitary support elements 210.
- Each unit support element is for example a trestle.
- the number of unitary support elements is equal to the number of horizontal uprights 32 in the gantry 30. The first end portion of each horizontal upright 32 can thus rest on one of the unitary support elements 210, and the second end portion of each horizontal upright can rest on another of the unitary support elements 210.
- the height of the unit support elements 210 is less than or equal to 1 m, preferably between 0.8 m and 1 m.
- the operators handling the parts of the gantry 30 therefore do not have to make significant physical effort to place the first uprights 32 on the unitary support elements 210.
- all the unitary support elements 210 have the same height.
- the rail 50 and the vertical uprights 34 are connected to the frame 40.
- the latter is advantageously held on the support 200.
- each vertical upright 34 is hinged in rotation on the frame around an axis parallel to the plane parallel to the horizontal uprights 32, in this case the XY plane.
- the foot 34b of the vertical upright 34 is oriented towards the ground S, the rolling element 42 being in contact with the ground S.
- the height of the unit support elements 210 on which the frame 40 rests being less than 1 meter, in this configuration the vertical uprights 34 are in the first position described above, that is to say, the position in which the angle that the vertical uprights 34 form with the frame is less than 90°. This avoids having to use frame support means 40 at a sufficient height to be able to connect the vertical uprights 34 directly in their service position, which in this case is substantially parallel to the Z direction.
- the method further comprises connecting each vertical upright 34 to one of the horizontal uprights 32 by means of rigid connection and continuous displacement means, as explained above.
- all the rigid connection and continuous displacement means are connected to the respective vertical 34 and horizontal 32 uprights after connection of all the vertical uprights 34 to the frame 40.
- the rigid connection and continuous displacement means associated with this vertical upright 34 are installed immediately after the connection of one of the vertical uprights 34 to the frame.
- the means of rigid connection and continuous displacement can be winches 48, in particular rack winches.
- the winches 48 will be mounted between the vertical uprights 34 and only the horizontal uprights 32 substantially parallel to a single direction, as indicated above.
- the actuation of each winch 48 imparts a rotational movement to the respective vertical post 34 around a direction parallel to the direction of extent of the horizontal post 32 to which this vertical post 34 is connected by the winch. . This makes it easy to move the vertical uprights 34 from the first position to the service position, visible in Figures 1 and 2.
- the method finally comprises the displacement of each second upright in rotation around the corresponding axis between the first position obtained and the service position by actuation of the rigid connection and continuous displacement means .
- the winches 48 associated with the two vertical uprights 34 located on a second side of the gantry 30 with respect to the rail 50 are operated, preferably synchronously. Said second side is opposite said first side of the gantry 30.
- the actuation of the stop brake of the wheels 42 on the first side of the gantry 30 prevents the actuation of the winches 48 associated with the two vertical uprights 34 located on the second side of the gantry 30 causes a translation of the entire gantry 30 in the XY plane.
- the winches 48 associated with the two vertical uprights 34 located on the second side of the gantry 30 are actuated until the vertical uprights 34 of the said second side of the gantry 30 adopt their service position in the direction Z.
- the stiffeners 46 connecting the horizontal uprights 32 and the vertical uprights 34 located on the second side of the gantry 30 can be installed.
- the stiffeners 46 being rigid, once installed the rotation of the respective vertical upright 34 around its axis is no longer permitted.
- the lifting element 44 of each leg 34b can be installed on the respective upright 34.
- the contact arm 58 can be connected to the corresponding vertical upright 34.
- the carriage 54 and the hoist 56 are installed.
- To install the carriage 56 in the rail at least one of the locking elements 52 of the rail 50 is moved into the unlocked position. This allows the carriage 56 to be introduced into the rail.
- the locking element 52 is placed again in the locking position of the rail 50 in order to prevent the carriage 54 leaves the rail 50 during its translation in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
- the hoist 56 is suspended from the trolley.
- the method of mounting the gantry according to the invention does not require the use of heavy machinery, and the use of human force is limited to that employed to arrange the first uprights on the unitary support elements and to assemble the rail on the frame.
- the gantry 30 can be part of an installation 10 for mounting an axle 12 in a bore 14 of a bogie 16, visible in Figures 6 and 7.
- the bogie 16 is preferably mounted on a train of landing 18 of an aircraft, for example an airplane.
- the bogie 16 has an elongated shape and extends between two open ends 20.
- the bogie 16 has in particular a substantially cylindrical shape with axis A.
- the bogie 16 is made of titanium.
- the bogie 16 comprises a plurality of bores 14.
- the bogie 16 comprises two bores 14, but this number is not limiting, the bogie 16 may comprise a single bore or more than two bores.
- Each bore 14 extends between a first open end 14a and a second open end 14b such that the bore 14 is a through bore.
- Each bore 14 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical section with axis B, axis B being substantially perpendicular to axis A of bogie 16.
- each open end 20 of bogie 16 communicates with one of the bores 14.
- the landing gear 18 is in a deployed position, that is to say, a normal position of use of the landing gear 18 in which the wheels of the landing gear landing gear, not shown, are in contact with the ground.
- axis A of bogie 16 extends substantially parallel to first direction X and axis B of each bore 14 extends substantially parallel to second direction Y.
- the axle 12 has an elongated tubular shape, with a substantially cylindrical section, extending between a first end 12a and a second end 12b.
- a cavity 22 extends inside the axle 12 between the first end 16a and the second end 16b.
- the axle 12 therefore comprises an outer wall and an inner wall, the inner wall delimiting the cavity 22 of the axle.
- the cavity 22 is preferably substantially cylindrical with an axis C.
- the axle 12 comprises a first end part 12c, a central part 12d and a second end part 12e.
- the central part 12d extends between the first and second end parts 12c, 12e.
- the first end part 12c and the second end part 12e extend between the central part 12d and, respectively, the first end 12a and the second end 12b of the axle 12.
- the first bore 24 is disposed on the first end portion 12c of the axle 12.
- the second bore makes it possible to orient and maintain in position the axle 12 in an axle support 60 which will be described in detail with reference to Figure 9.
- the first bore and the second bore are aligned along an axis parallel to the axis C of the axle.
- a third bore 26, illustrated in FIG. 12 crosses the internal and external walls of the axle 12.
- the third bore 26 is disposed at substantially 90° around the axis C relative to the first bore 24.
- the third bore is advantageously at the same distance from the first and second ends 12a, 12b of the axle 12.
- first and second end portions 12c, 12e advantageously have a cross section substantially smaller than a cross section of the central part.
- transverse section is meant an external section of the axle 12 obtained by projection on the XZ plane when the axle 12 extends substantially parallel to the second direction Y.
- the cross section of the central part 12d of the axle 12 has a dimension substantially equal to that of the bore 14, so as to be able to insert the axle 12 into the bore 14 as will be explained later.
- the axle 12 is made of metal, for example steel.
- the installation 10 includes the gantry 30 described above.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the gantry 30 in use and at the end of assembly of an axle 12 in a bore 14 of a bogie 16.
- the contact arm 58 of the gantry is advantageously in contact with the bogie. More specifically, the bogie 16 comes into contact with the bearing surface 58d and is held in this position by means of the strap 58e .
- the relative movements between the bogie 16 and the gantry 30 during the mounting of the axle 12 in the bore 14 are thus limited.
- the installation 10 further comprises means for aligning the axis B of the bore of the bogie with the axis C of the axle.
- These alignment means may include a marker 110, visible in Figures 6 to 8, and a laser beam device 120, visible in Figure 13.
- the marker 110 is arranged on one face of a target 112 carried by the gantry 30.
- the target is suspended from one of the holes 51a, 51b provided in the first end part 50a and the second end part 50b of the rail 50.
- the target 112 is connected to one of the holes 51a, 51b of the first and second end parts of the rail from a suspension element 114.
- a length of the suspension element 114 is chosen so that the mark 110 and the axis C of the axle 12 are aligned in the direction Z when the axle 12 is carried by the hoist 56 and the hoist chain 56 is in the up position.
- the marker 110 has for example a cross shape with a first line substantially parallel to the Z direction and a second line substantially parallel to the X direction when the target 112 is suspended from the rail.
- the laser beam device 120 is a device emitting a laser beam.
- the laser beam device 120 is shaped to be installed in the bore of the bogie. More specifically, the laser beam device 120 is shaped so that, when installed in the bore, the axis of the laser beam is coaxial with the axis B of the bore 14 of the bogie.
- the laser beam has the same shape as the marker 110.
- the laser beam has a cross shape with a first ray substantially parallel to the Z direction and a second ray substantially parallel to the X direction when the laser beam device 120 is installed in bore 14.
- the laser beam device 120 comprises a bore 122 located on a substantially central position of the laser beam device 120 in the direction Y. This bore 122 receives, when the laser beam device 120 is installed in a final position in the bore, a rod 130 for holding in position.
- the installation may further comprise a guide tool 140 visible in FIG. 13.
- the guide device is configured to be placed on the open end 20 of the bogie 16 which communicates with the bore 14 in which the axle 12 will be installed.
- the guiding device includes a hole 142 having a shape and a dimension substantially equal to those of the bore 122 of the laser beam device 120.
- the guide tool 140 also serves to identify a final position of the axle 12 in the bore 14, similar to the identification of the final position of the laser beam device .
- the hole 142 of the guide tool 140 is substantially equal in shape and size to the third bore 26 of the axle 12.
- the rod 130 for maintaining in position also serves to maintain the axle 12 in its final position in the bore 14.
- pin 130 for holding in position can be inserted into bore 26 of axle 12 through hole 142 in guide tool 140.
- the installation 10 may further comprise an axle support 60, shown in Figure 9.
- the axle support 60 is made of metal, for example stainless steel for its thermal and mechanical properties.
- the axle support 60 comprises two half-collars 62, a collar support 64 and a crossbar 66. Each of these parts of the axle support 60 will be described in the following with respect to the position that it adopts in Figure 9 according to the orthonormal reference formed by the directions X, Y and Z. It is noted however that the axle support 60 is advantageously removable, these parts being advantageously separable from each other. Thus, in a disassembled position of the axle support, not shown, these parts of the axle support are isolated from each other, and can adopt any position in space.
- the two half-collars 62 are preferably identical. The same references will therefore be used to describe the same parts of the two half-collars.
- Each half-collar consists of a block comprising a front face 62a, a rear face 62b (visible in Figure 7), a first side face 62c and a second side face 62d (visible in Figure 7).
- the front face 62a and the rear face 62b are opposite and substantially parallel to each other.
- the front 62a and rear 62b faces extend substantially parallel to the XZ plane.
- the front 62a and rear 62b faces are identical.
- the side faces 62c, 62d are opposite and substantially parallel to each other.
- the side faces extend substantially parallel to the YZ plane.
- the two side faces 62c, 62d are identical.
- Each side face 62c, 62d connects the front face 62a and the rear face 62b of each half-collar 62.
- a shoulder (not visible in the figures) exists between the front face 62a and each side face 62c , 62d, as well as between the rear face 62b and each side face of the half-collar 62c, 62d.
- Each shoulder makes it possible to fit each half-collar 62 into the collar support 64, as will be explained later.
- Each half-collar 62 further comprises a flat face 62e and a concave face 62f.
- the flat face 62e and the concave face 62f connect the front 62a and rear 62b faces of each half-collar 62.
- the flat 62e and concave 62f faces are substantially perpendicular to the side faces 62c, 62d of the respective half-collar 62.
- the substantially flat edges allow the stacking of the two half-collars 62, so that their concavities face each other.
- the substantially flat edges 62g of the concave face 62f of one of the half-collars 62 are brought into contact with the substantially flat edges 62g of the concave face 62f of the other. half-collar 62.
- the two half-collars 62 thus form a collar through which passes a hole 63 for receiving axle 12.
- this hole 63 for receiving axle 12 is delimited by the concavities of the two half-collars.
- a shape and a dimension of the orifice 63 for receiving the axle 12 are substantially equal to the cross section of the central part 12d of the axle 12. The axle 12 can thus be kept blocked between the two half - 62 necklaces as will be detailed.
- the collar support 64 comprises a support surface 64a and four connecting segments 64b.
- the support surface 64a is flat. In Figure 9, the support surface extends substantially parallel to the XY plane.
- the support surface includes an upper face 64aa and a lower face 64ab.
- the upper face 64aa comprises a support zone (not visible) and a peripheral zone 65.
- the support zone has a shape and a dimension substantially equal to the flat face of one of the half-collars 62.
- the support zone is thus intended to receive the flat face 62e of one half-collars 62.
- the peripheral zone 65 surrounds the support zone.
- the peripheral zone 65 preferably has the shape of a substantially rectangular loop.
- the support surface 64a is configured to support the collar formed by the two half-collars 62 as indicated above.
- Each connecting segment 64b has a substantially flat shape comprising an outer face 64ba, an inner face 64bb and two side edges 64bc. Each connecting segment 64b extends substantially perpendicular to the support surface 64a. In this case, each connecting segment 64b extends substantially parallel to the third direction Z.
- each connecting segment opposite the support surface is traversed by a hole (not visible in the figures).
- the holes of the connecting segments 64b arranged facing each other in the direction X are aligned with each other. These holes make it possible to connect the collar support 64 and the lifter 66 as will be detailed below.
- the lifter 66 comprises a front part 66a and a rear part 66b.
- the front part 66a comprises a first arm 68 and two plates 70.
- the first arm 68 extends substantially along the direction X.
- the plates 70 are separated from each other along the Y direction by a distance substantially less than the distance between two connecting segments 64b in the Y direction.
- the two plates 70 can be arranged between the 4 connecting segments 64b.
- Each plate comprises two holes (not visible in the figures) which are arranged facing each other in the direction Y of the holes passing through the connecting segments 64b when the plates are arranged between these segments 64b.
- a rod 72 can pass through the holes of the two plates 70 and of two segments 64b arranged facing each other in the Y direction.
- Each rod 72 therefore makes it possible to connect the collar support 64 and the spreader bar 66.
- the rear part 66b of the lifter comprises an arm 74, a push bar 76 and an end portion 78.
- the arm 74 and the push bar 76 extend substantially along the direction X, while the end portion 78 s extends substantially in the direction Z.
- the end portion 78 is connected to a guide cylinder 80 arranged substantially opposite in the direction Z of the push bar 76 and extending substantially in the direction Y.
- the front 66a and rear 66b parts of the lifter 66 are interconnected by a crosspiece 82 which extends substantially along the Y direction.
- the crosspiece 82 comprises, on one end close to the front part 66a of the lifter, a part 83 extending substantially in the direction Z and comprising an orifice 84.
- the orifice 84 allows the hooking of the hooking device 57 of the hoist.
- Axle support 60 can thus be moved in direction Z thanks to the movement of the chain of hoist 56, and in translation in the direction of extension of rail 50 when hoist 56 solidly follows the movement of carriage 54.
- the crosspiece 82 On a other end close to the rear part 66b of the spreader bar 66, the crosspiece 82 is crossed by a through hole (not visible in the figures) which crosses substantially in the direction Z through the crosspiece 82. As can be seen in FIG. 9, this through hole is adapted to receive a rod 86.
- the installation 10 further comprises a tray 90 shown in Figures 6, 10, 11 and 12.
- the tray 90 comprises a tank 92 and a plurality of substantially vertical uprights 94.
- the tank 92 has for example a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but other shapes are possible.
- the tank 92 is delimited by two longitudinal walls 92a, two transverse walls 92b, a lower wall 92c and an upper wall 92d.
- the longitudinal walls 92a extend along two planes substantially parallel to each other and along the plane YZ.
- the transverse walls 92b extend along two planes substantially parallel to each other and along the plane XZ.
- the lower 92c and upper 92d walls extend along two planes substantially parallel to each other and along the XY plane.
- an interior 95 of the tank 92 is hollow.
- the interior of the tank 94 advantageously has a length and a width greater than, respectively, the length and the width of the axle 12, which allows, as will be detailed, to introduce the axle into the tray 90 .
- Each longitudinal wall has a thickness which defines a longitudinal edge 96 of the tank.
- each transverse wall has a thickness which defines a transverse edge 98 of the vessel.
- the arms 68, 74 of the lifter, as well as the push bar 76 have a length greater than the width of the tank 92.
- the arms 68, 74 and the push bar thrust 76 rest on the longitudinal edges 96 of the tank 92 when the axle 12 and the axle support 60 are disposed in the tank. This prevents the axle support 60 from touching the bottom of the tank 92 when it is placed inside the tank 92.
- the upper wall 92d of the tank comprises a plurality of removable lids 99, so as to define an open position and a closed position of the tank 92.
- the lids 99 are arranged on the tank, so as to prevent access to the interior 95 of the tank 92.
- the open position all the covers 99 are removed from the tank 92, which allows access to its interior 95.
- one or more of the covers 99 has/have a shape adapted to the passage of the axle support 60, in particular the arms 68, 74 and the push bar 76, when the axle 12 is introduced into the tray .
- These covers make it possible to define a third position of the tank 92, called the cooling position of the axle.
- the cooling position of the axle 12 all the lids 99 are arranged on the tank 92, with the exception of the lids whose shape allows the passage of the axle support 60. This makes it possible to close off the tank as much as possible. 92 when the axle 12 is inside, while allowing the arms 68, 74 and the push bar 76 to rest on the longitudinal edges 96 of the tank 92, so as to limit heat transfer to the outside.
- the tank 92 is intended to be filled with liquid nitrogen in the axle cooling position.
- the tank 92 is supported by the plurality of substantially vertical uprights 94. These uprights extend substantially parallel to the direction Z from the underside 92d of the tank.
- the tray 90 comprises four uprights 94 substantially vertical placed under each intersection between the longitudinal and transverse walls. Of course, tray 90 could include more than four uprights.
- each vertical upright comprises a foot provided with a rolling element 97, such as a wheel.
- the wheel 97 makes it possible to move the tray 90 in the XY plane.
- the tray can thus be easily placed under the gantry 30, as shown in Figure 6.
- the gantry 30 can then be used for the implementation of a method of mounting the axle 12 in the bogie 16 using the installation of Figure 6.
- a direction along the B axis of the bore will be referred to as the "axle installation direction”.
- the method firstly comprises providing the mobile gantry 30 .
- the gantry 30 will already be mounted and it will only suffice to move it along the XY plane until the support face 58d which is connected to the contact arm 59 of the gantry 30 comes into contact with the bogie 16 installed in landing gear 18. Strap 58e of support block 58c will then be arranged around bogie 16 to block the relative movements of gantry 30 with respect to bogie 16.
- the gantry 30 is not mounted beforehand.
- the gantry 30 is then mounted according to the mounting method described above.
- the latter After mounting the gantry, the latter is in the operational position and can be moved along the XY plane until the bearing face 58d which is connected to the contact arm 58 of the gantry 30 comes into contact of the bogie 16 installed in the landing gear 18.
- the method further comprises a step of installing the axle on the means for moving the axle.
- the means of moving the axle include the rail 50, the trolley 52 and the hoist 54.
- the step of installing the axle 12 on the means for moving the axle 12 makes it possible to position the axle 12 on the axle support 60.
- the device for hooking 57 of the hoist is connected to the axle, which is moved suspended from the hoist 56 until it is installed on one of the half-collars 62 already arranged on the support surface 64a of the axle support 64.
- the other half-collar 64 and the spreader bar 66 can then be installed so as to block the axle 12 in the orifice 63, in accordance with the configuration described above with reference to FIGS. 9 and 11 .
- the axle 12 is arranged so that the cylinder guide 80 is introduced into the cavity 22 of the axle 12 and the rod 86 is introduced into the second bore disposed on the second end portion 12e of the axle 12.
- the axle 12 will be blocked in the orifice 63 by its central part 12d.
- axle support 60 Once the axle support 60 has been correctly installed around the axle 12, the hooking device 57 of the hoist 56 is hooked to the orifice 84 arranged close to the front part 66a of the crossbar 66 of the support. axle 60. Then, the chain of the hoist 56 is gradually moved from its low position to its high position.
- the configuration of the axle support guarantees that the assembly formed by the axle and the axle support is held by its center of gravity, which makes it possible to maintain the axle 12 in a position substantially parallel to the horizontal plane XY during its displacement by the means of displacement of the axle.
- the alignment of the axes B and C of the bore 14 and the axle 12 can be obtained thanks to the laser beam device and the marker.
- the laser beam device 120 is installed in the bore 14 of the bogie so that the axis B of the bore 14 is aligned with the laser beam emitted by the laser beam device. laser beam 120.
- guide tool 140 may be employed to sense the final position of laser beam device 120 within bore 14.
- the rod 130 can be used to lock the laser beam device 120 in this final position.
- the chain of the hoist 56 is configured so that in the high position, the axis C of the axle is necessarily aligned with the mark 110.
- the method may include a step of aligning the laser beam and the mark 110.
- the mark 110 is initially carried by the hole 51a of the first end part 50a of the rail.
- the gantry 30 is then moved along the Y direction using the rolling elements 42, and along the Z direction using the lifting elements 44, until the laser beam and the mark 110 are coincident.
- the continuous movement in height of the gantry 30 allows precise coaxial adjustment of the C axis with the XY plane containing the B axis.
- the laser beam and the mark 110 are coincident when the vertical line of the mark 110 and the vertical ray of the laser beam are aligned, and when the horizontal line of the mark 110 and the horizontal ray of the laser beam are aligned.
- the marker 110 is removed from the hole 51a of the first end part 50a of the rail 50 and carried by the hole 51b of the second end part 50b of the rail. If in this position the laser beam and the marker are not coincident, the gantry is again moved along the Y direction and along the Z direction until they are coincident, as explained above.
- the alignment between the laser beam and the mark 110 implies that the axis B and the mark 110 are also aligned.
- the marker 110 is then arranged in a vertical plane comprising the direction of installation of the axle 12. As the marker 110 and the hoist are carried by the rail 50, the vertical plane comprising the direction of installation of the axle as well as the reference 110 also corresponds to a lifting plane of the axis C of the axle 12.
- the marker 110 is mounted fixed relative to the rail. In other words, when the gantry 30 moves along the Y direction and along the Z direction, the relative position of the marker 110 with respect to the rail does not change. Indeed, the marker 110 and the rail 50 are moved integrally with the gantry 30.
- the rolling elements 42 and the lifting elements 44 therefore constitute not only means for moving the gantry 30, but also means for moving the marker 110 .
- the method comprises the introduction of the axle 12 into the bore 14 of the bogie, as shown in the figure 14.
- the hoist is connected to the axle support 60, in particular to the orifice 84 as indicated above.
- the carriage 54 then moves in the direction of installation of the axle, which causes the movement of the hoist 56 and the axle 12 in this same direction.
- the carriage 54 and the hoist 56 are in particular moved according to the direction of installation of the axle 12 until the final position of the axle 12 in the bogie 16 is identified thanks to the guide tool 140 such than previously described.
- the axle 12 is fixed in the bore using the holding rod 130.
- the axle-axle support assembly is introduced into the tank 92 of the tank 90.
- the axle 12 is introduced into the tank 92 in a horizontal position, c ie, along the XY plane.
- the tank 92 is then placed in its axle cooling position.
- all covers 99 are arranged on the tank 92, with the exception of the lids whose shape allows the passage of the axle support 60.
- the tank 92 is then filled with liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen allows the axle to be cooled to approximately -200° C., which causes the axle 12 to retract.
- the axle In order to reach such a temperature, the axle is kept in the tank 90 filled with liquid nitrogen. for example 1 hour.
- the retraction caused by the low temperatures facilitates the introduction of the axle into the bore 14.
- the temperature of the axle increases, which causes an expansion of the axle which leads to an increase in its external diameter until it locks by self-tightening at room temperature in the bore.
- the bogie bore 14 can be heated up to a given temperature, for example +100°C. This causes the bore to expand. The introduction of the axle 12 into the bore 14 is thus facilitated. Once in the bore, the temperature of bore 14 decreases to ambient temperature causing the bore to retract allowing the axle to be tighter in bore 14.
- heating means such as for example a resistor (not shown), can be placed in the bore 14.
- a temperature sensor (not shown) can also be introduced into the bore 14 to control its heating.
- a sleeve 150 visible in Figures 6 and 14 is arranged around the end of the axle 12 which is arranged opposite screw of the bore 14 according to the direction of installation of the axle, in this case the first end 12a of the axle.
- the sleeve 150 is arranged around the end part of the axle 12 which completely crosses the bore 14 in order to place the axle 12 in its final position in the bore 14.
- the sleeve 150 makes it possible to on the one hand to avoid direct collisions between the axle 12 and the bore 14, and on the other hand, to limit the loss of alignment of the axis C of the axle and the axis B of the bore which can be favored by the difference in section between the first end part 12c and the central part 12d of the axle.
- the sleeve 150 is advantageously removed after the installation of the axle 12 in the bore 14.
- the sleeve 150 can be installed around the first end of the axle 12 after the extraction of the axle 12 of ferry 90.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2201477A FR3132907B1 (fr) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Portique de levage et procede de montage associe |
| PCT/FR2023/050230 WO2023156750A1 (fr) | 2022-02-18 | 2023-02-17 | Portique de levage et procede de montage associe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4479335A1 true EP4479335A1 (fr) | 2024-12-25 |
Family
ID=81927891
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23707998.3A Pending EP4479335A1 (fr) | 2022-02-18 | 2023-02-17 | Portique de levage et procede de montage associe |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250162844A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4479335A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118891220A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3244351A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3132907B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023156750A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118894450B (zh) * | 2024-07-12 | 2025-02-14 | 广州文船重工有限公司 | 一种大型门式起重机刚性腿安装拖带方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA72305B (en) * | 1971-03-25 | 1973-11-28 | Wallace Prod Corp B | Traversing hoist mechanism |
| CA1271449A (fr) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-07-10 | John A. Holden | Entrainement mecanique orientable pour grue a portique |
| ITCS20060008A1 (it) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-11-30 | Costruit S R L | Crab lifter - gru gommata per marciare su qualsiasi terreno. |
| CN113845042B (zh) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-12-29 | 合肥市春华起重机械有限公司 | 一种高度可调的小型门式起重机及其使用方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-02-18 FR FR2201477A patent/FR3132907B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-02-17 EP EP23707998.3A patent/EP4479335A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-02-17 CN CN202380027155.1A patent/CN118891220A/zh active Pending
- 2023-02-17 WO PCT/FR2023/050230 patent/WO2023156750A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-17 US US18/839,365 patent/US20250162844A1/en active Pending
- 2023-02-17 CA CA3244351A patent/CA3244351A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3132907B1 (fr) | 2024-05-10 |
| US20250162844A1 (en) | 2025-05-22 |
| CN118891220A (zh) | 2024-11-01 |
| FR3132907A1 (fr) | 2023-08-25 |
| WO2023156750A1 (fr) | 2023-08-24 |
| CA3244351A1 (fr) | 2023-08-24 |
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