EP4587766A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée

Info

Publication number
EP4587766A1
EP4587766A1 EP23767880.0A EP23767880A EP4587766A1 EP 4587766 A1 EP4587766 A1 EP 4587766A1 EP 23767880 A EP23767880 A EP 23767880A EP 4587766 A1 EP4587766 A1 EP 4587766A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
steam
heat exchanger
compressed
dried
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23767880.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Müller
Thomas Lajos MANYOKY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aquaero GmbH
Original Assignee
Aquaero GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aquaero GmbH filed Critical Aquaero GmbH
Publication of EP4587766A1 publication Critical patent/EP4587766A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
    • F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B23/004—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases by compressing and condensing vapour in exhaust gases, i.e. using an open cycle heat pump system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/20—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/25—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/30—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/35—Temperature; Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/30—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/37—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/40—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases other than air
    • F26B21/45—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases other than air using steam
    • F26B21/452—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases other than air using steam characterised by the steam generating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/008—Seals, locks, e.g. gas barriers or air curtains, for drying enclosures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/04—Garbage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/08—Granular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a system for drying items to be dried using superheated steam and a corresponding system.
  • WO 2012/140125 A1 (Epcon Evaporation Technology) describes a process with a closed chamber in which a mixing system is arranged in which the moist material is contacted with superheated steam. The excess steam is mechanically compressed and fed to a heat exchanger so that energy recovery and thus greater efficiency are possible.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method belonging to the technical field mentioned at the beginning for operating a system for drying material to be dried using superheated steam and a corresponding system which enable high energy efficiency with simple material supply and removal.
  • This system is operated in such a way that: e) a vapor atmosphere is formed in an upper region of the chamber, which floats on ambient air located in a lower region of the chamber, a transition layer (stratification layer) being formed between the upper region and the lower region, and f) a height of the transition layer is maintained in a predetermined range by determining a current height and regulating the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger as a function of the determined height f 1); or f2) a volume flow of a steam generator is regulated, the steam generator being arranged and operated in such a way that steam is supplied to the chamber and/or generated in the chamber.
  • control is operated in such a way that f) an atmosphere of superheated steam is formed in an upper region of the chamber, which is based on ambient air located in a lower region of the chamber floats, a transition layer being formed between the upper region and the lower region, and g) a height of the transition layer is maintained in a predetermined range by determining a current height of the transition layer and depending on the determined height g1) the volume flow of the heat exchanger supplied compressed first portion is regulated; or g2) a volume flow of a steam generator is regulated, the steam generator being arranged and operated in such a way that steam is supplied to the chamber and/or generated in the chamber.
  • the drying material is in particular bulk material, e.g. B. products or by-products of the food or feed industry, fuel or building materials, basic substances for the chemical industry or the paper industry and biomass in general.
  • the technology can also be used in connection with the drying of textiles (including laundry). In principle, the process is best suited for drying materials that require a drying temperature between 100° and 200°C and do not allow additional organic substances to gasify.
  • Steam is in particular water vapor, but other solvents can also be used, e.g. B. Ethanol.
  • the circulation process minimizes aroma loss. Odor and dust emissions into the environment are avoided. Because the temperature is consistently over 100 °C, the material to be dried is pasteurized or even sterilized.
  • the conveyor system enables continuous operation of the system.
  • it comprises an ascending conveyor for introducing the material to be dried through an opening on the bottom of the chamber, a belt conveyor for transporting the material to be dried in the chamber and a gravitational discharge through the same or preferably a further opening in the bottom of the chamber.
  • the conveyor system comprises one or more rotors and the system is operated as a disc dryer.
  • Other conveyor systems can be used within the scope of the invention, e.g. B. a fluid bed or a shovel conveyor.
  • the system can also be used together with a spray drying tower, for example.
  • the conveyor system can be partially formed by an upstream system component, e.g. B.
  • the current height can be determined directly or indirectly. Instead of the height, a variable dependent on it can also serve as the control variable for regulating the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger or of the steam generator, e.g. B. a temperature measured at a specific location or multiple locations and/or the content of any gas contained in the air, e.g. B. O 2 or N 2 , at a specific location or at several locations.
  • B. a temperature measured at a specific location or multiple locations and/or the content of any gas contained in the air, e.g. B. O 2 or N 2 , at a specific location or at several locations.
  • the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger is preferably regulated according to one of the following methods (although these methods can in principle also be combined with one another):
  • the current height of the transition layer is preferably determined based on measured values of at least one temperature sensor, which is arranged in a height range corresponding to the predetermined range.
  • the at least one temperature sensor is preferably arranged in a tube which extends downwards from the main volume of the chamber, in particular in a vertical direction, and connects the chamber to the environment.
  • the temperature sensor can also be arranged in the opening for discharging the dried material to be dried.
  • a drying temperature is advantageously maintained in a predetermined range by comparing it with a setpoint value and, depending on the comparison: g1), a volume flow of a steam generator is regulated, the steam generator being arranged and operable in such a way that steam flows into the chamber can be supplied or generated in the chamber, provided that the height of the transition layer is kept in the predetermined range by regulating the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger; or g2) a heating output of a heating device is regulated; or g3) the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger is regulated, provided that the height of the transition layer is kept in the predetermined range by regulating the volume flow of the steam generator.
  • the system comprises a piping system between the outlet for the vapor and the inlet for the superheated steam, the following being arranged in the piping system: g) the vapor compressor; h) a circulation fan; i) the heat exchanger for heating a second portion of the vapor returned from the chamber by transferring heat from the compressed first portion by condensing the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger; and j) a steam heater arranged between the heat exchanger and the superheated steam inlet.
  • the heat transfer in the heat exchanger takes place in particular in countercurrent, with the compressed steam flow running from top to bottom.
  • the circulation fan can be arranged before or after the heat exchanger. It serves to maintain the steam flow in the circuit and thus compensate for the pressure drop suffered. It has been shown that the required mass flow increases approximately linearly with the evaporation rate.
  • the mass flow to be delivered by the circulation fan should be at least 60 times the compressed mass fraction supplied to the heat exchanger. This ensures that, in addition to the actual evaporation of the liquid from the material to be dried, heat losses can also be compensated for and the material to be dried can be preheated together with the water it contains and the surface water on it.
  • the mass flow is preferably set higher than 60: 1, so that there is a safety margin, because the expected dissipation due to the high mass flow turns into heat internal to the system and thus contributes to the heating of the steam. Depending on the specific design of the system, higher ratios of 100: 1, 150: 1 or even higher can also be set.
  • the circulation fan thus supports the heating device and can even replace it in certain embodiments.
  • the vapor compressor is a mechanical compressor. It is used for heat recovery.
  • the vapor is supplied via parts of the pipe system or directly from the chamber.
  • the vapor compressor can be designed in multiple stages, i.e. H. through several compressor stages arranged in series.
  • the heat exchanger therefore advantageously has a venting valve on the condenser side, and an opening of the venting valve is based on a specific proportion of air on the condenser side regulated.
  • the air content can be determined based on the condenser pressure and the condensation temperature, based on the deviation from the saturation temperature or directly using a lambda probe.
  • the air content on the condenser side is advantageously regulated to a value of 0-50%, preferably 5-20%, particularly preferably 7-12%. If a lower target value is not reached, there is a substantial loss of steam. If the value is too high, the efficiency of vapor compression suffers.
  • the vent valve Since the air mass flow fed into the condenser is not constant and depends heavily on the operating status of the system, the vent valve must be continually readjusted. This allows the air content in the condenser to be maintained at the desired percentage.
  • a pipe extending from the condenser opens into a branch (e.g. a T or Y piece).
  • One leg of this branch leads into a horizontal or slightly upward drain that is equipped with the vent valve.
  • the other leg leads (particularly vertically) downwards into a line section with an enlarged cross-section in which a water column forms. This enables controlled and delayed drainage of the condensed water.
  • Two (e.g. capacitive) level sensors are arranged along the line section with the water column. There is a shut-off valve at the bottom, which... Depending on the measured values of the level sensors, it is opened or closed so that the level of the water column is always between the level sensors.
  • a throttle e.g. a needle valve
  • This component ensures that the condensed liquid drains more slowly and prevents the gas-air mixture from escaping downwards.
  • the vent valve is regulated based on the specific condenser-side air proportion, which, as mentioned, can be determined directly, by means of a lambda probe, or indirectly based on the deviation of the static pressure from the vapor pressure of the condensation temperature.
  • the inlet for the superheated steam is advantageously arranged on the chamber in such a way that the superheated steam intersects a conveying path of the material to be dried in the chamber in a directed steam flow. This is preferably done in cross or countercurrent.
  • the supply and removal of the superheated steam and the internal geometry of the chamber are coordinated in particular in such a way that a cycle takes place through the steam atmosphere in the chamber.
  • An element for homogenizing the steam flow is preferably arranged on the chamber side of the inlet.
  • the element forms a flow resistance that calms the steam flow, that is, in particular, eliminates large-scale eddies or secondary flows, and unifies the flow profile.
  • the resistance is dimensioned so that there is sufficient harmonization of the steam flow is achieved, but an unnecessary pressure loss with the associated increase in the required power of the circulation blower is avoided.
  • the element can be designed in the form of a filter or made of finely perforated material. Suitable are e.g. B. fiberglass mats.
  • a diffuser can be arranged upstream, which distributes the steam flow over a larger cross section.
  • the system When starting up the system, the required steam atmosphere must first be created in the upper area of the chamber.
  • the system preferably includes a steam generator, and in particular the following steps are carried out:
  • the steam generated is introduced in particular from above, preferably at the highest point of the chamber and/or the line system.
  • the chamber is preferably preheated to 100 °C with air.
  • the air is not only displaced from the chamber by the introduced steam, but also from the pipe system.
  • the operating pressure is built up in the heat exchanger operated as a condenser while maintaining the steam atmosphere. This is in particular 1.5-4 barg, depending on other machine and process parameters. When the operating pressure is reached, the steam generator is switched off and thus the transition to nominal operation takes place.
  • the conveying system has a rotating hollow shaft arranged in the chamber with several disks, which forms the heat exchanger, a cavity being arranged in the interior of the hollow shaft, to which the volume flow of the compressed first portion of the vapor is supplied by the vapor compressor for heating the disks can be fed;
  • the first portion corresponds to the entirety of the returned vapor, although in a corresponding embodiment a portion of this can be returned to the chamber through a (bypass) valve arranged downstream of the vapor compressor.
  • the hollow shaft therefore acts as a capacitor for the returned, compressed vapor.
  • the cavity can extend into the disks or be limited to the central part of the hollow shaft.
  • the liquid material to be dried is fed to the disks through an inlet, dried and finally, after drying, removed from the disks, e.g. B. scraped and removed from the chamber through a material outlet.
  • drying takes place indirectly.
  • steam is preferably supplied to the chamber from a steam generator.
  • This supply takes place (also) during the drying process, in particular in a continuous manner, and after the vapor has been compressed by the vapor compressor and fed into the hollow shaft, it ultimately serves to dry the liquid material as well as to heat the chamber and compensate for losses.
  • the steam generator is arranged and operated in such a way that steam can be supplied to the chamber or generated in the chamber.
  • the feed can be directly into the chamber or indirectly, e.g. B. via a line system.
  • the production of steam is carried out, for example, by injecting water into an atmosphere of superheated steam. Accordingly, the steam generator can also be arranged directly in the chamber.
  • the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger is in turn regulated based on the current height of the transition layer.
  • the volume flow of the steam generator is preferably regulated based on a measured condensation temperature in the cavity of the hollow shaft in such a way that this condensation temperature remains within a predetermined interval. This ultimately adjusts the dry matter content of the items to be dried. This corresponds to variant 1A shown above.
  • the height of the transition layer is kept in the specified range not by regulating the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger, but by regulating the volume flow of the steam generator.
  • the volume flow of the compressed first portion supplied to the heat exchanger is regulated in particular based on the measured condensation temperature in the cavity in such a way that this condensation temperature remains within a predetermined range. This corresponds to variant 2B shown above.
  • a steam generator arranged in the system can be operated using waste heat.
  • condensate from the heat exchanger can serve as feed water. If the condensate is not sufficient for supply, another water supply, e.g. B. from a tank.
  • Fig. 2B is a detailed view of an advantageous embodiment of the
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the system according to a third
  • the chamber 10 is filled with water vapor that floats above the ambient air.
  • an air release valve 32 is attached above the water outlet, through which non-condensable gases are released. The proportion of these gases in the steam is determined by temperature and pressure sensors at the condenser outlet.
  • Another pipe section and then a needle valve 37 as a throttle are connected to the end valve 36.
  • the steam generated due to the pressure drop at the end valve 36 and the needle valve 37 is ultimately led back into the steam circuit, into the drying chamber and/or to the material to be dried via a line 38 downstream of the needle valve 37.
  • the liquid material to be dried is fed to the outside of the hollow shaft 167 with the disks 168 through the inlet 161. Vapors from chamber 110 are fed to the vapor compressor 40. To do this, the vapor compressor 40 sucks the vapors out of the chamber and, after compression, feeds at least some of them into the hollow disk condenser. The compressed steam condenses there and heats the hollow shaft 167 with the disks 168, whereby the material is dried. The dry matter content of the material to be dried is adjusted via the condensation temperature. The proportion of air in the hollow shaft 167, which acts as a capacitor, is regulated to a certain proportion by a drain valve.
  • the dried material is scraped off the disks 168 by a scraper grinding on the hollow shaft 167 and discharged through an outlet 162 on the underside of the chamber 110.
  • steam is continuously drawn from the steam generator 1 15.
  • a steam blower is not required in the system according to the third embodiment.
  • the chamber 210 forming a delivery channel has a substantially circular cylindrical shape.
  • the paddles 267.1, 267.2 are rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the chamber 210 and have a constant distance from the chamber wall. Depending on the material being conveyed, this should be chosen to be small enough to avoid jamming of the material.
  • Paddles 267.3, 267.4, 267.5 with a larger wall distance are mounted adjacent to the paddles 267.1, 267.2 with a small wall distance, the mutual axial distance of the paddles 267.1. ..5 is always the same.
  • the gap size must be chosen so large that larger pieces cannot be trapped, but the material transport is favored.
  • the paddles 267.1... 5 each have an axial angle of attack in the conveying direction of z. B. 30°. A different number of paddles can also be used.
  • the paddles 267. 1 ... 5 rotate slowly, at approx. 20-30 revolutions per minute. They can rotate in both directions, with the main direction of rotation (to convey the material towards the material outlet) pointing so that the paddles 267. 1 ...5 move downwards as the steam enters.
  • the dried material falls into a conveyor channel with a spiral 268 for controlled backflow and controlled removal of the material.
  • the material Once the material has passed through the spiral 268, it falls into a vertical discharge channel in which the transition layer 266 runs between the environment and the vapor atmosphere.
  • the controlled backflow ensures that the transition layer 266 is stable.
  • Steam is supplied from above from the steam circuit through corresponding inlets 271 and distributed laterally/horizontally in the lower region of the chamber 210 over the length of the delivery channel via inlets 274.1. ..3 introduced into the mixer/conveyor trough.
  • the flow resistance of the material lying on it is used to generate a uniform flow, which is intended to create a drying process that is as homogeneous as possible.
  • this steam supply design prevents material from falling back into the steam circuit.
  • the steam inflow is adjusted so that there is no inflow opening at the axial positions of the paddles 267. 1, 267.2 with a small gap.
  • the gap is as wide as the tip of the paddle.
  • the steam is guided into the chamber 21 1 via an inflow opening.
  • the side openings can be of different sizes. Depending on the required steam distribution along the mixer axis, the closer they are to the material inlet or steam outlet, the smaller they become. (Otherwise the steam would choose the path with the lowest flow resistance, which means that a large part of the mixer would not or hardly flow through.)
  • the steam temperature of the side inflow channels does not have to be uniform, but ideally increases along the conveying channel in the conveying direction. The drier the material becomes towards the end of the process, the hotter the steam introduced.
  • the drying chamber according to the fifth embodiment has many similarities with that of the fourth embodiment.
  • the main difference is that instead of paddles, a spiral is used as a mixing and conveying element in the chamber.
  • the chamber 310 forming a delivery channel has a substantially circular cylindrical shape.
  • the spiral 367 is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the chamber 310; the individual turns are at a small distance from the chamber wall.
  • the dried material falls into a conveyor channel with a spiral or screw 368 for controlled backflow and controlled removal of the material. Once the material has passed through the spiral 368, it falls into a vertical discharge channel in which the transition layer 366 runs between the environment and the vapor atmosphere. The controlled backflow ensures that the transition layer 366 is stable.
  • Steam is supplied from above from the steam circuit through corresponding inlets 371 and is introduced laterally/horizontally from the conveyor channel via an inlet 374 into the mixer/conveyor trough in the lower region of the chamber 310, distributed over the length of the conveyor channel.
  • the flow resistance of the material lying on it is used to generate a uniform flow, which is intended to create a drying process that is as homogeneous as possible.
  • the design of the steam supply prevents material from falling back into the steam circuit.
  • the cross section of the inlet 374 decreases in the opposite direction to the material conveying direction.
  • the inlet 374 is divided into different temperature zones in the flow, so that the steam temperature increases along the conveying channel in the conveying direction: the drier the material becomes towards the end of the process, the hotter the introduced steam.
  • variable material sizes 83 include the dry matter content 83.1 at entry, the material consistency 83.2, the material shape 83.3 and the material-dependent sorption isotherm 83.4.
  • the primary control variables 84 specified are the dry matter content 84.1 at the exit and the height 84.2 (or position) of the transition layer.
  • the temperature measured by the top temperature sensor 91.8a is used as the basis for regulating the manipulated variables 82, in particular the mass flow 82.4 of the Vapor compressor 40, used so that the transition layer is kept at its height 84.2 by control.
  • the setpoint is 97.0 °C.
  • the middle temperature sensor 91.8b can be used or a variable derived from the measured values of several sensors. If the corresponding temperature or a variable determined from the corresponding temperatures leaves a predetermined band (e.g. control temperature ⁇ 1 K), the speed of the vapor compressor 40 is regulated up or down during operation according to variant 1 A or 1 B.
  • a known PID control is advantageously used for regulation.
  • FIG. 9 shows the curves of the temperature (top, in °C) and the air content (bottom, in%) when the system according to the invention is commissioned. Commissioning is divided into three phases, a heating phase with air (phase 1), steam filling (phase 2) and finally material filling (phase 3).
  • Shown in the upper area are the chamber temperature 96 in the upper area of the chamber, the temperature 97.2 measured by the temperature sensor 91.2 after the heat exchanger 30, the temperature 97.7 measured by the temperature sensor 91.7 after the vapor compressor 40 and the temperatures 97.8a, 97.8b, 97.8c of the three Temperature sensors 91.8a, 91.8b, 91.8c in the measuring tube 63 (with the temperature generally decreasing downwards).
  • the proportion of air 98.1 in the chamber 10 measured by means of a lambda probe and the proportion of air 98.2 in the condenser determined indirectly based on the measured pressure and the measured temperature of the steam at the condensate outlet after the condenser are shown. With these measured values, in combination with the temperature measurements, the steam filling can be precisely monitored.
  • steam filling begins (pos. C).
  • the heating device 50, the vapor compressor 40 and the circulation fan 20 are switched off and steam from the steam generator 15 is passed into the chamber 10 from above.
  • the air which has a lower density, is displaced downwards out of the chamber 10. This is evident from the increase in the temperatures 97.8a...c measured by the temperature sensors 91.8a...c at the material outlet.
  • the vapor compressor 40 is switched on again to reach the operating temperature, whereby the temperature 97.7 drops briefly (pos. D).
  • the air content 98.1 in the chamber suddenly decreases, then the temperatures 97.8a...c measured by the temperature sensors 91.8a...c slowly increase as the hot air is displaced downwards. If this reaches 100 °C, this means that the steam volume has reached the bottom of the system. It has been shown that the air can be pushed out of the chamber from top to bottom without any problems due to the lighter steam. Ultimately, the steam floats above the cold surrounding air. Despite the openings at the bottom of the chamber, a stable transition layer 66 is formed between steam and air, the so-called stratification layer (see Fig. 2). In the area of this layer, a temperature profile develops that extends within around 50 cm from ambient temperature to over 100°C. In the temperature gradient range from 100 °C to 65 °C, the temperature gradient is typically 0.13-0.26 K/mm. The proportion of air in the chamber 10 drops to less than 4%.
  • the steam generator 15 can be switched off and the regular drying process begins.
  • the proportion of air in the chamber 10 remains at less than 4%.
  • the steam generator continues to run (usually with reduced power) in order to regulate the height of the transition layer.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.
  • the dimensions of the respective systems and the conveyor systems used can be adapted to the type and quantity of the material to be dried.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée comprend une chambre ouverte vers le bas (10) dotée d'une entrée (61) pour le matériau à sécher, d'une sortie (62) pour le matériau séché, d'une entrée (71a, 71b) pour la vapeur surchauffée et d'une sortie (73a, 73b) pour une vapeur. Elle comprend également un système de transport (60) permettant d'introduire le matériau dans la chambre (10), de transporter le matériau dans la chambre (10) pendant le séchage, et d'évacuer le matériau séché hors de la chambre (10), de même qu'un compresseur de vapeur (40) permettant de comprimer une première fraction de la vapeur renvoyée par la chambre (10), ainsi qu'un échangeur de chaleur (30) permettant de transférer de la chaleur provenant de la première fraction comprimée par condensation d'un écoulement volumique de la première fraction comprimée fournie à l'échangeur de chaleur. L'installation est exploitée de telle sorte qu'une atmosphère de vapeur est formée dans une région supérieure de la chambre (10) et flotte sur l'air ambiant dans une région inférieure de la chambre (10), une couche de transition (66) étant formée entre la région supérieure et la région inférieure. Une hauteur de la couche de transition (66) est maintenue dans une plage spécifiée par la détermination d'une hauteur en cours et, en fonction de la hauteur déterminée, la régulation d'un débit volumique de la première fraction comprimée fournie à l'échangeur de chaleur (30) ou d'un débit volumique d'un générateur de vapeur (15), le générateur de vapeur (15) étant agencé et exploité de telle sorte que de la vapeur soit introduite dans la chambre (10) et/ou soit générée dans la chambre (10).
EP23767880.0A 2022-09-13 2023-09-06 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée Pending EP4587766A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH001065/2022A CH720033A1 (de) 2022-09-13 2022-09-13 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anlage zum Trocknen von Trocknungsgut mittels überhitztem Dampf.
PCT/EP2023/074492 WO2024056491A1 (fr) 2022-09-13 2023-09-06 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4587766A1 true EP4587766A1 (fr) 2025-07-23

Family

ID=84568949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23767880.0A Pending EP4587766A1 (fr) 2022-09-13 2023-09-06 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20250244076A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4587766A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2025530558A (fr)
KR (1) KR20250068653A (fr)
CN (1) CN119948306A (fr)
AU (1) AU2023343729A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH720033A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL319460A (fr)
MX (1) MX2025002818A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024056491A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2026037871A1 (fr) * 2024-08-13 2026-02-19 Biomar Group A/S Système de séchage à la vapeur d'aliments extrudés pour poissons

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2174085B1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2016-09-21 Mars Incorporated Procédé et appareil de séchage d'un matériau

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2524129B1 (fr) * 1982-03-26 1987-07-31 Bertin & Cie Procede et installations pour le sechage ou la deshydratation d'un produit humide par echange avec de la vapeur d'eau surchauffee, et produits secs ainsi obtenus
GB9317727D0 (en) 1993-08-26 1993-10-13 Heat Win Ltd Method and apparatus for continous drying in superheated steam
AT507766B1 (de) * 2008-11-05 2010-10-15 Franz Dipl Ing Dr Groisboeck Verfahren zur trocknung fester stoffe mit minimalem energieeinsatz
DK2511636T3 (en) 2011-04-15 2015-03-09 Epcon Evaporation Technology As Process for drying liquids, slurries, pastes, cakes and moisture particles forming particulate material by drying in a direct superheated steam dryer
CN202902824U (zh) * 2012-11-07 2013-04-24 石家庄工大化工设备有限公司 干燥器废热蒸汽循环利用生产装置
FR3052544B1 (fr) * 2016-06-08 2020-12-04 Haffner Energy Dispositif de deshydratation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2174085B1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2016-09-21 Mars Incorporated Procédé et appareil de séchage d'un matériau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL319460A (en) 2025-05-01
AU2023343729A1 (en) 2025-03-13
WO2024056491A1 (fr) 2024-03-21
MX2025002818A (es) 2025-07-01
JP2025530558A (ja) 2025-09-11
US20250244076A1 (en) 2025-07-31
CN119948306A (zh) 2025-05-06
KR20250068653A (ko) 2025-05-16
CH720033A1 (de) 2024-03-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2516949B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de séchage de plaques de plâtre
DE102016213956B4 (de) Kontakttrockner
AT515466B1 (de) Verfahren zur Trocknung von Schüttgut
EP2832241B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de condensation de vapeur dans une chambre à vide
DE102017108699B4 (de) Durchlauftrockner mit einem Wärmeübertrager
EP3333524B1 (fr) Séchoir continu permettant le séchage d'un objet par air chaud doté d'au moins deux sections
EP4587766A1 (fr) Procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation de séchage de matériau par vapeur surchauffée
WO2017133727A1 (fr) Sécheur continu comportant au moins deux sections
DE2366052B2 (de) Tabaktrockner
DE102017108697B4 (de) Durchlauftrockner mit einer Abluftrückführeinrichtung
DE202009017286U1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Gipsplatten
DE102016101725A1 (de) Durchlauftrockner mit mindestens zwei Sektionen
DE102020129822A1 (de) Trocknungsanlage sowie Verfahren zum Trocknen von entwässertem Klärschlamm
EP2140217B1 (fr) Procédé pour sécher un matériau humide
DE102010032141A1 (de) Apparat zur Trocknung mittels eines heißen Gases
EP2056053B1 (fr) Agencement de séchoir pour bande de matériau
DE102014218640B4 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Tabakmaterials
DE2158317A1 (de) Brennvorrichtung zum brennen von erzkuegelchen und dergleichen koerpern
DE102017108695B4 (de) Durchlauftrockner mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Sektion
AT14386U1 (de) Vortrocknungsvorrichtung für eine trocknungsanlage
EP1793905B1 (fr) Evaporateur a couche descendante pouvant fonctionner en mode de charge partielle et procede d'utilisation en mode de charge partielle
DE69529551T2 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trocknen von geladenen Batterieplatten
EP2617298A1 (fr) Séchoir électrodynamique et procédé de séchage électrodynamique pour le séchage d'un matériau du tabac
EP0091451A4 (fr) Procede et dispositif de sechage a petite consommation d'energie, en particulier de produits granuleux, agricoles ou autres contenant de l'humidite fixee ou deposee a la surface, a rendement constant.
DE4036345A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben einer verdampferanlage und nach dem verfahren betriebene verdampferanlagen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20250408

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

TPAC Observations filed by third parties

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNTIPA

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)