EP4594132A1 - Système pour véhicules électriques et hybrides - Google Patents
Système pour véhicules électriques et hybridesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4594132A1 EP4594132A1 EP23782800.9A EP23782800A EP4594132A1 EP 4594132 A1 EP4594132 A1 EP 4594132A1 EP 23782800 A EP23782800 A EP 23782800A EP 4594132 A1 EP4594132 A1 EP 4594132A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- cooling element
- contacts
- connector
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/302—Cooling of charging equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system with a charging connector for electric and hybrid vehicles, wherein the charging connector has a housing, charging contacts arranged in the housing for contacting corresponding charging contacts of a corresponding charging connector and a cooling element which is coupled to at least one of the charging contacts in such a way that the charging contact can be cooled by means of the cooling element.
- Electric and hybrid vehicles have a rechargeable energy storage device, usually a high-voltage battery, which provides energy to an electric drive motor during ferry operation.
- the storage capacities of these high-voltage batteries are limited, so they have to be recharged regularly at a charging station.
- the battery is charged via a charging cable provided between the charging station and the vehicle, whereby the charging cable, for example in accordance with the European standard IEC 62196 Type 2, has a charging plug on one side that can be plugged into a charging socket provided on the charging station, and on the other side is provided with a charging coupling that can be connected to a charging plug installed in the electric and hybrid vehicle.
- charging sockets, charging plugs, charging couplings and charging plugs are subsumed under the term “charging connectors”.
- Charging sockets and charging couplings have contact sleeves as charging contacts and charging plugs as well as charging plugs that can be installed in electric and hybrid vehicles have contact pins as charging contacts that can be inserted into the contact sleeves.
- a charging current flowing through the charging connector causes it to heat up due to ohmic current heat losses.
- the heating of the charging connector is limited to a limit temperature increase.
- the limit temperature increase is limited to 50 K. In the case of largely standardized connector geometries, this in turn leads to a maximum charging current that generally cannot exceed 200 A in continuous load operation.
- higher charging currents are necessary over limited periods of time in order to charge the battery in the desired short time. This can lead to temporary heating of the charging connectors that exceeds the limit temperature increase.
- the cable cross-section of the electrical connector bodies cannot be increased arbitrarily, since the connector geometries are standardized and, in addition, the electrical connector bodies should use as little conductive material as possible, usually copper.
- the task is to be solved to provide an electrical connection body that enables increased charging currents with limited heating and therefore has an increased short-term current carrying capacity.
- This object is to be achieved by providing an electrical connection body for a charging plug or a charging socket, the electrical connection body having a first connection area for galvanic connection to an electrical energy receiver and a second connection area for galvanic connection to a
- the electrical connection body is designed such that it has a cooling fluid channel formed in the electrical connection body, the cooling fluid channel of the electrical connection body being fluidly connected to a cooling fluid source which is arranged in a charging station.
- Cooling of a charging connector for electric and hybrid vehicles is also well known from the prior art.
- DE 10 2015 119 338 A1 describes that two connection points for coolant lines are arranged on a contact sleeve element of a charging plug. Coolant is guided in a circle around the contact sleeve element using a spiral-shaped plug-in element. The two connection points serve as inlets and outlets for the coolant, which is guided from the charging station to the charging plug.
- EP 3 433 902 B1 also describes a connector part with cooled contact elements.
- a coolant is supplied via coolant lines to the contact elements of the charging coupling connected to the charging cable on the charging station side.
- a fluid is provided as the coolant, which is guided perpendicular to the contact element into the hollowed-out contact element and flows back inside the contact element.
- 10 2016 105 361 B4 also describes a connector part with a cooled contact element, whereby here too, on the charging station side, the supply of a coolant via coolant lines to the contact elements of a charging socket connected to the charging cable is provided. Guide elements are arranged on the contact elements, which allow the flow around the contact elements by the coolant in the form of compressed air.
- the object of the present invention is to enable charging of a battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle with high currents over a longer period of time.
- a system is thus provided with a charging connector for electric and hybrid vehicles and a control unit, wherein the charging connector has a housing, charging contacts arranged in the housing for contacting corresponding charging contacts of a corresponding charging connector and a cooling element which is coupled to at least one of the charging contacts in such a way that the charging contact can be cooled by means of the cooling element, the cooling element is connected to the control unit so that the cooling function of the cooling element can be controlled by means of the control unit, and the control unit is configured to activate the cooling function of the cooling element at a time outside of a charging process.
- the plug face has contact sleeves, and vice versa.
- the set of charging connector according to the invention and corresponding charging connector can therefore be plugged together.
- a corresponding charging connector is also referred to when the plug faces in the aforementioned sense only partially correspond, i.e. the corresponding charging connector, for example, does not have all the contacts that are present in the charging connector according to the invention, but the existing contacts of the corresponding charging connector correspond to the charging connector according to the invention in terms of the plug face, so that the charging connector according to the invention and the corresponding charging connector can also be plugged together in this case.
- Such a case exists, for example, in the case of a charging coupling for direct current charging that is connected to a charging cable in accordance with the European standard IEC 62196 Type 2.
- a charging coupling can be inserted into a charging plug that is installed in the body of an electric or hybrid vehicle and is suitable for alternating current charging and for direct current charging , whereby only the communication contacts and the protective contact are present in the AC connector face of the DC charging coupling, but no contacts for outer conductors and a center conductor for AC charging.
- a cooling element is understood to be an element which results in active cooling of the charging contacts in the system according to the invention comprising a charging connector and a control unit by the
- Cooling element is brought about.
- the charging contacts of the charging connector according to the invention are cooled at a time outside of the charging process, so that the charging contacts have a temperature that is lower than the ambient temperature when the charging process begins.
- the maximum permissible limit temperature is reached later when charging with higher charging currents.
- the system according to the invention enables a longer-lasting charging process with higher charging currents.
- the control unit can be connected, for example, to communication contacts of the charging connector, so that a charging process can be registered using the communication contacts. Likewise, the control unit can be connected to the charging contacts for detecting a charging process.
- the control unit is designed to cool the charging contacts only at a time outside of a charging process. It is possible for the control unit to be arranged in the charging connector in order to offer a more compact design of the system according to the invention. In particular, however, the control unit can also be arranged outside the charging connector.
- the invention also serves to bridge the period at the beginning of a charging process in which cooling from the charging station must first start and is therefore not yet effectively available for the charging contacts of the charging connector according to the invention.
- the cooling element is thermally coupled to the charging contacts, so that the charging contacts can be cooled efficiently.
- the cooling element particularly preferably contacts the charging contact directly, i.e. without electrical insulation.
- the cooling element can also be provided with heat pipes that enable a thermal connection to the charging contacts. Solid material pipes that have high thermal conductivity are preferably used as heat pipes.
- the cooling element can be coupled to the charging contacts using a heat-conducting paste.
- the time outside of a charging process is a time immediately before a currently planned charging process.
- the cooling capacity of the cooling element is known, so that the minimum achievable temperature of the charging contacts in relation to the ambient temperature is also known.
- the minimum achievable temperature is the lowest possible temperature that can be achieved taking into account the ambient temperature and the cooling capacity. For more efficient cooling, it can therefore be provided that the cooling starts at a certain time before a planned charging process, so that the charging contacts have the minimum achievable temperature when the charging process begins.
- the cooling element can be formed in different ways. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the cooling element is a Peltier element.
- a Peltier element is an electrothermal converter that creates a temperature difference based on the Peltier effect when current flows through it.
- Peltier elements can be used for both cooling and heating. In the present case they are used for cooling. Peltier elements are therefore cooling elements that do not require any fluid connections to the charging contacts.
- the temperature of the charging contacts and the corresponding charging contacts equalize via the charging contacts connected in the coupled state, so that due to the pre-cooling at the start of the charging process, these have a temperature that is lower than the ambient temperature. This is particularly useful if the corresponding charging connector is equipped with an active cooling system, as described at the beginning with reference to the prior art.
- the system provided according to the invention allows the temperature of the charging contacts of the charging connector and the temperature of the corresponding charging contacts of the corresponding charging connector to be kept below the limit temperature increase, namely until the active cooling system provided by the charging station is activated.
- the Peltier element having a hot side and a cold side, with which
- the cold side is thermally conductively connected to the charging contact and the hot side is coupled to the environment in such a way that heat can be dissipated from the charging contact to the environment.
- the Peltier element can protrude from the housing of the charging connector and cooling is brought about via convection.
- fluid-based cooling can also be implemented on the hot side of the Peltier element. It is also conceivable that the hot side is thermally conductively connected to the body of a vehicle via heat pipes, so that the heat occurring on the hot side can be dissipated via the body.
- the hot side is connected to an additional convection element in such a way that heat can be dissipated to the environment via the convection element by convection.
- the convection element can be thermally coupled to the hot side of the Peltier element via a heat-conducting paste.
- the convection element preferably protrudes from the housing of the charging connector in order to enable effective heat dissipation to the environment by means of convection.
- the system consisting of the charging connector and the control unit is provided with a connection area in the housing in which the charging contacts are connected in a galvanically conductive manner to electrical lines which lead away from the charging connector, the
- Charging contacts have a recess in the connection area in which the cooling element is arranged. By means of the recess it is possible to ensure a large contact area of the charging contact with the cooling element.
- connection area of the charging connector is the area of the charging connector in which the charging contacts are galvanically connected to electrical lines that lead away from the charging connector.
- the system can be provided with the charging connector and the control unit with only one cooling element.
- the system according to the invention has a further cooling element, wherein the further cooling element is connected to the control unit and is connected to a further one of the charging contacts in such a way that the further charging contact can be cooled by means of the cooling element.
- each charging contact is provided with its own cooling element.
- the invention also relates to the use of a previously described system in an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the charging connector can be designed in accordance with the European standard IEC 62196 Type 2.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating a charging connector for electric and hybrid vehicles, wherein the charging connector
- Cooling is started at a time between two consecutive charging processes, preferably in such a way that the minimum achievable temperature is reached when the charging process is started. Cooling preferably takes place in such a way that the minimum achievable temperature is reached immediately before the charging process begins.
- the method comprises the following further method steps:
- the method additionally comprises the following steps:
- a charging-specific parameter is recorded, which can be used to determine a period of time after which a charging process is to be expected. Switching on the cooling element as soon as the predetermined period of time threshold is undershot allows the charging contacts to have the minimum achievable temperature shortly before the charging process begins.
- the term "period of time” therefore refers to the time interval after which a charging process is to be expected.
- a respective value for the charging-specific parameter is successively recorded in step S1a. This makes it possible to continuously check whether the period of time falls below the predetermined period of time threshold, so that the cooling element can be activated at the right moment.
- the charging-specific parameter is a battery charge value, i.e. a value that indicates the remaining charge of the battery. Such a battery charge value correlates directly with a remaining distance to travel
- the battery charge value can be used to determine when charging must begin.
- the distance can correspond to both a spatial and a temporal distance.
- the charging-specific parameter is a vehicle position. Based on the vehicle position, for example, the distance to a charging station that is to be approached can be determined, so that the cooling of the charging contacts begins when the time falls below the time threshold.
- the charging-specific parameter is a time of day. Regular journeys enable the cooling of the charging contacts to be switched on depending on the time of day. If it is expected that charging will begin at certain times of the day, the charging contacts can be cooled in advance.
- the charging-specific parameter is a value from vehicle navigation of an electric or hybrid vehicle, which indicates that the electric or hybrid vehicle is approaching a charging station.
- the value from the vehicle navigation of an electric or hybrid vehicle indicates the expected arrival time at the charging station and/or the duration until the electric or
- Hybrid vehicle reaches the charging station.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a system with a charging connector and a control unit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a connector corresponding to the connector shown in Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3a the charging connector from Fig. 1 in a side view
- Fig. 3b schematically shows the charging contacts with the cooling elements of the charging connector from Fig. 3a
- FIG. 4 shows the cooling element shown in FIG. 3b with a convection element in a schematic view
- Fig. 5 shows schematically the installation of a charging connector according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in the body of an electric or hybrid vehicle and
- Fig. 6 shows a flowchart for a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a system with a charging connector 1 and a control unit 8 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- This is a charging plug for installation in the vehicle body 17 of an electric or hybrid vehicle 18, as shown schematically in Fig. 5.
- the present charging connector 1 is essentially and in terms of its plug face a charging plug according to the European standard IEC 62196 Type 2.
- the charging connector has
- the charging connector 1 is composed of a front housing part 27 and a rear housing part 28. Both housing parts together therefore form the housing 7 of the charging connector 1.
- the front housing part 27 is connected to the rear housing part 28 by means of laser welding.
- the front housing part 27 is the housing part which, when installed in a vehicle body 17, faces outwards and is intended to receive a corresponding charging connector 4.
- Such a corresponding charging connector 4 can be seen in a perspective view in Fig. 2. This is a
- Charging coupling for direct current charging which essentially and in terms of its mating face corresponds to the European standard IEC 62196 Type 2.
- two corresponding charging contacts 3 are provided in a housing 13, which interact with the charging contacts 2 of the charging connector 1 during charging.
- the charging contacts 2 of the charging connector 1 are designed here as contact pins and the corresponding charging contacts 3 of the corresponding charging connector 4 are designed as contact sleeves into which the contact pins can be inserted.
- the corresponding charging connector 4 has two communication contacts 16 and a protective contact 15.
- the charging connector 1 has a plug-in area in the front housing part 27 and a connection area in the rear housing part 28.
- the plug-in area is defined as an area in which the charging plug connector 1, when plugged into the corresponding charging plug connector 4, overlaps with the corresponding charging plug connector 4 in the plugging direction and the charging contacts 2, 3 of the two plug connectors 1, 4 are in galvanically conductive contact with one another.
- the connection area is defined as an area in which the charging contacts 2 of the charging connector are connected in a galvanically conductive manner to electrical lines 14, which lead from the charging connector 1 to a battery, not shown.
- Peltier elements 6 are arranged in recesses 12 of the charging contacts 2.
- the Peltier elements 6 are arranged with their cold side 10 in the recesses 12 and contact them there.
- the hot side 9 is located on the side opposite the cold side 10 and is thermally coupled to the vehicle body 17 via heat pipes (not shown).
- the recesses 12 are arranged in the connection area of the charging connector 1.
- Fig. 3b shows a perspective view of the charging contacts 2 of the charging connector 1, which have recesses 12.
- Each charging contact 2 has a recess 12 in which a Peltier element 6 is arranged.
- the Peltier elements 6 are connected to the control unit 8 and are controlled by it, i.e. in particular activated or deactivated.
- the control unit 8 is arranged on the vehicle body 17 and is also connected to the communication contacts 16 of the charging connector 1.
- a convection element 11 can be arranged directly in contact with the hot side 10 of the Peltier element 6.
- Convection element 11 has a particularly high ratio of its surface area to its volume, so that a particularly large surface area is available for heat removal for convection cooling.
- the charging connector 1 is used in the form of a built-in plug on the vehicle body 17 of an electric or hybrid vehicle 18.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a charging connector 1 installed in a vehicle body 17 of an electric or hybrid vehicle 18.
- the first step S1 includes detecting whether a charging process is currently taking place. A respective value for a charging-specific parameter is then successively recorded in a step S1a.
- the charging-specific parameter is the state of charge of the battery of the electric or hybrid vehicle 18.
- a time period is determined based on the charging-specific parameter after which a charging process can be expected. Specifically, in the present case, the expected residual range is continuously calculated in the form of a time period based on the charge status of the battery. As soon as the duration falls below a predetermined duration threshold, the cooling element 5 is switched on by the control unit 8 in step S2b.
- a further step S3 it is recorded again whether a
- a charging process is taking place or is imminent.
- the cooling element 5 is switched off in step S4 if it was detected in step S3 that a charging process is taking place or is imminent.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022124748.1A DE102022124748A1 (de) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | System für Elektro- und Hybridfahrzeuge |
| PCT/EP2023/076539 WO2024068628A1 (fr) | 2022-09-27 | 2023-09-26 | Système pour véhicules électriques et hybrides |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4594132A1 true EP4594132A1 (fr) | 2025-08-06 |
Family
ID=88237339
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23782800.9A Pending EP4594132A1 (fr) | 2022-09-27 | 2023-09-26 | Système pour véhicules électriques et hybrides |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4594132A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119866280A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE102022124748A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024068628A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023003704B4 (de) * | 2023-09-13 | 2025-10-02 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Ladeanschlussvorrichtung |
| CN118928088B (zh) * | 2024-08-22 | 2025-09-16 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种快慢充电缆辅助自主冷却系统及使用方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015100347A1 (de) | 2015-01-12 | 2016-07-14 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Elektroanschlusskörper für einen Ladestecker und/oder eine Ladebuchse, Ladestecker und Ladestation zur Abgabe elektrischer Energie an einen Empfänger elektrischer Energie |
| DE102015101140B4 (de) * | 2015-01-27 | 2019-10-10 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Ladestation zur Abgabe elektrischer Energie an einen Empfänger elektrischer Energie |
| DE102015119338B4 (de) | 2015-11-10 | 2018-01-25 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Kontaktbaugruppe und Steckverbinderteil z.B. für einen Ladestecker |
| DE102016105347A1 (de) | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Steckverbinderteil mit einem gekühlten Kontaktelement |
| DE102016110937A1 (de) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-21 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Ladevorrichtung für einen Energiespeicher eines elektrischen Fahrzeugs |
| DE102016211464A1 (de) * | 2016-06-27 | 2017-12-28 | Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh | Leistungskontaktsystem für einen Ladestecker und/oder eine Ladebuchse, Ladestecker und Ladestation zur Abgabe elektrischer Energie an einen Empfänger elektrischer Energie |
| DE102020101257B4 (de) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-01-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Ladekabel für ein elektrisch betriebenes Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102020104143A1 (de) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ladeparks für Elektrofahrzeuge |
-
2022
- 2022-09-27 DE DE102022124748.1A patent/DE102022124748A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-09-26 CN CN202380069085.6A patent/CN119866280A/zh active Pending
- 2023-09-26 EP EP23782800.9A patent/EP4594132A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-09-26 WO PCT/EP2023/076539 patent/WO2024068628A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024068628A1 (fr) | 2024-04-04 |
| DE102022124748A1 (de) | 2024-03-28 |
| CN119866280A (zh) | 2025-04-22 |
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