Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
  • H01H39/004—Closing switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
  • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
  • H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
  • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
  • H01H85/18—Casing fillings, e.g. powder
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
  • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
  • H01H85/048—Fuse resistors
  • H01H2085/0483—Fuse resistors with temperature dependent resistor, e.g. thermistor

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electrical component with a housing and with a pyrotechnic switching element provided in the housing.
• An electrical component namely a pyrotechnic switch
• a pyrotechnic switch comprises a housing, in particular an outer housing, and a pyrotechnic switching element provided within the housing.
• a pyrotechnic switch is often used to protect an electrical assembly – for example, in vehicle construction.
• the pyrotechnic switching element opens or interrupts an electrical current path through the electrical component. If, for example, a malfunction occurs in the vehicle, this pyrotechnic component is activated, thus closing a current path for discharging in order to bring the vehicle into a safe, de-energized state.
• electrical resistors are often also present in this discharge path of the electronic circuit. Circuits with pyrotechnic components are comparatively complex to design, for example, in the layout of directly connected electrical components in the discharge circuit. This is particularly true in the high-voltage range.
• the electrical component according to the invention is therefore - with structural simplicity - reliable and stable.
• the housing is preferably electrically insulating, for example the housing is made of a plastic.
• the resistance element can be wound in a meandering, spiral, and/or helical configuration. This allows for higher resistance values with a compact longitudinal extension. It is also conceivable for the resistance wire to be wound bifilarly, for example, to minimize or avoid parasitic inductances in the resistance wire.
• the second housing section has a longitudinal extension extending laterally away from the first housing section.
• the pyrotechnic switching element can be designed to be comparatively simple in construction, for example, if this pyrotechnic switching element has a pyrotechnic charge, two current conductor sections of a current conductor arranged separated from one another by a gap, and a bridging element which is arranged separately from at least one of the two current conductor sections in an initial position before ignition of the pyrotechnic charge and is in electrical contact with both current conductor sections in a bridging position after ignition of the pyrotechnic charge.
• the arc-quenching agent can be directly in contact with the resistance element. This could, for example, be the bare resistance wire to further increase stability. It is also conceivable for the arc-quenching agent to be directly in contact with an oxidized surface of the resistance wire.
• the electrical component 1 in the housing 2 has, according to the invention, a resistor 4 that is electrically connected in series with the pyrotechnic switching element 3.
• the pyrotechnic switching element 3 and the resistor 4 are thus located in the current path between the two electrical terminals 5a, 5b. With the help of the resistor, the power via this current path can be limited, which can protect the electrical component 1, for example, against electrical overload.
• the pyrotechnic switching element 3 is activated and thus switched via a two-wire ignition line 8a, 8b, which is Fig. 1a and 2 can be seen.
• the ignition cable 8a, 8b is connected to a third electrical terminal 13 provided on the top side of the electrical component 1 and designed as a socket.
• the resistance element 6 absorbs a predetermined energy for discharging a capacitor of at least 0.1 kJ without causing damage.
• the resistance element 6 is formed by a stainless steel resistance wire 6a, which contains Cr and Ni as alloying elements.
• This wire absorbs a predetermined energy of 1.1 kJ non-destructively and is designed to melt if this predetermined energy is exceeded by 10 to 20%—specifically at an energy in the range of 1.1 kJ to 1.32 kJ, namely at 1.25 kJ.
• the resistance element 6 is completely surrounded by the granular arc extinguishing agent 7, namely quartz sand (SiO 2 ) in the exemplary embodiment, over its entire wire length.
• This arc extinguishing agent 7 lies directly against the resistance element 6, namely on the oxidized surface of the resistance wire.
• the arc extinguishing agent 7 has not been shown for reasons of clarity.
• this arc extinguishing agent 7 completely fills the second housing section 2b of the housing 2.
• the sheath M made of the arc extinguishing agent 7 has a sheath thickness d from the resistance element 6 radially outwards of more than 1 mm.
• the sheath M completely surrounds more than 95% of the length L of the wound resistance wire 6a.
• the sheath M can have any external dimensions, for example, rectangular external dimensions, as in the Figures 2 and 6 to recognize.
• the second housing section 102b protrudes laterally from the first housing section 102b.
• the second housing section 102a directly adjoins the first housing section 102a with its front end, which ensures a resilient mechanical connection between the two encapsulated housing sections 102a, 102b.
• the electrical component 101 does not differ significantly from that shown in the first embodiment with regard to the pyrotechnic switching element 3 and is also located in the current path between the two electrical terminals 5a, 5b.
• the resistor 4 is also electrically connected in series with the pyrotechnic switching element 3.
• the meandering wound resistance wire 106a extends in a plane, as in Fig. 4a to recognize.
• This resistor 4 can reliably fulfill both a resistance function and a fuse function.
• the latter can, for example, serve as a fuse in the event of a defect in another switching element, thus preventing electrical overload.
• Such a situation can occur, for example, if a circuit breaker for disconnecting the electrical power supply, for example a battery, is defective, but the pyrotechnic switching element 3 is still able to discharge, for example an intermediate circuit.
• This dual function of the electrical component 1, 101 is ensured to be stable and responsive – and this, moreover, in a compact design.
• the electrical component 1, 101 is used to discharge, for example, a capacitor 19.
• the discharge is enabled by closing the pyrotechnic switching element 3 of the electrical component 1, 101.
• the intermediate circuit 16 can thus discharge via the resistor 4 of the electrical component 1, 101. Such a discharge can occur, for example, when a high-voltage battery of a high-voltage system is disconnected from the load circuit.

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• Details Of Resistors (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=90481906

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Citations (4)

• 2024
  • 2024-03-26 EP EP24166581.9A patent/EP4625458A1/fr active Pending
• 2025
  • 2025-03-26 WO PCT/EP2025/058363 patent/WO2025202346A1/fr active Pending
  • 2025-03-26 CN CN202580003252.6A patent/CN121359230A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

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