EP4659352A1 - Dispositif de commutation à tension continue, en particulier pour interrompre un flux de courant, et système à tension continue - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation à tension continue, en particulier pour interrompre un flux de courant, et système à tension continue

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Publication number
EP4659352A1
EP4659352A1 EP24702163.7A EP24702163A EP4659352A1 EP 4659352 A1 EP4659352 A1 EP 4659352A1 EP 24702163 A EP24702163 A EP 24702163A EP 4659352 A1 EP4659352 A1 EP 4659352A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
switch
terminal
circuit
connection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24702163.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Elmar Schaper
Tobias Grote
Lutz Heuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4659352A1 publication Critical patent/EP4659352A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0814—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
    • H03K17/08148—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit in composite switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H03K17/6874—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor in a symmetrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/0009—AC switches, i.e. delivering AC power to a load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC switching device which can in particular interrupt an electrical current flow between the input side and the output side of the DC switching device or between two DC devices.
  • the invention further relates to a DC system which has such a DC device.
  • a DC voltage switching device is usually used.
  • An external DC voltage source e.g. a DC supply network or a DC voltage bus
  • the DC voltage switching device comprises at least one switching element to electrically switch the DC voltage load on and off.
  • a controllable semiconductor switching element is often used for this purpose, which is arranged in the positive conductor running between the first input connection and the first output connection or in the negative conductor running between the second input connection and the second output connection.
  • An electromechanical switch can also be provided. If the semiconductor switching element is switched on, a current flows between the DC voltage source and the DC voltage load. This current flow can, however, be prevented or interrupted by switching off or opening the semiconductor switching element.
  • an electronic switch for interrupting a current flow is known from EP 3 891 890 B1.
  • a load capable of regenerating energy can be connected to a second and fourth connection on the electronic switch, while an energy source can be connected to a first and third connection.
  • the electronic switch also has two anti-serially connected semiconductor switches to enable current to flow in both directions through the electronic switch.
  • Two fuses are connected in series with the two semiconductor switches, with the two semiconductor switches being arranged between the two fuses. The two fuses serve to protect the load, the energy source or the switching device itself if a short-circuit current occurs.
  • two short-circuiters which can be designed as thyristors, are connected to the fuses in such a way that a series connection of a fuse and a short-circuiter is located between the first and third connection and between the second and fourth connection.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a DC switching device, in particular for interrupting a current flow, and a DC voltage system which can be constructed with fewer components and thus more cost-effectively than the known electronic switch while providing reliable short-circuit resistance.
  • a core idea of the invention can be seen in the provision of a DC switching device which requires only one fuse, even if the DC switching device can be operated in both current directions.
  • a DC switching device in particular for interrupting a current flow, which can have the following features:
  • an anti-serial circuit comprising a first controllable semiconductor switch and a second controllable semiconductor switch (62) connected anti-serially to the first semiconductor switch, wherein a first diode is connected anti-parallel to the first semiconductor switch and a second diode is connected anti-parallel to the second semiconductor switch, wherein the electrical fuse is arranged in the second current path and the first and second semiconductor switches are arranged in the first current path,
  • a current detection device designed to determine the direction and current intensity of a current flowing through the first or second current path
  • first controllable short-circuit switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is electrically connected to the first current path and arranged between the second device terminal and the anti-serial circuit, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the second current path and arranged between the third device terminal and the electrical fuse,
  • a second controllable short-circuit switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is electrically connected to the first current path and arranged between the first device terminal and the anti-serial circuit, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the second current path and arranged between the fourth device terminal and the electrical fuse,
  • control and evaluation device connected to the current detection device, wherein the control and evaluation device is designed to switch on the first or second short-circuit switch depending on the direction and current intensity detected by the current detection device, provided that the detected current intensity reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • a DC switching device in particular for interrupting a direct current flow, which can have the following features:
  • an anti-serial circuit having a first controllable semiconductor switch and a second controllable semiconductor switch, wherein a first diode is connected anti-parallel to the first semiconductor switch and a second diode is connected anti-parallel to the second semiconductor switch, wherein the electrical fuse is arranged in the first current path and the first and second semiconductor switches are arranged in the second current path,
  • a current detection device designed to determine the direction and current intensity of a current flowing through the first or second current path
  • a first controllable short-circuit switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is electrically connected to the first current path and arranged between the second device terminal and the electrical fuse, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the second current path and arranged between the third device terminal and the anti-serial circuit
  • a second controllable short-circuit switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is electrically connected to the first current path and arranged between the first device terminal and the electrical fuse, and the second terminal is electrically connected to the second current path and arranged between the fourth device terminal and the anti-serial circuit
  • control and evaluation device which is connected to the current detection device, wherein the control and evaluation device is designed to switch on the first or second short-circuit switch depending on the direction and current intensity detected by the current detection device, provided that the detected current intensity reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
  • the first and second short-circuit switches can, for example, each be designed as a thyristor or triac with a bidirectional current flow.
  • a mechanical switching contact of an electromechanical switch can be provided, the mechanical switching contact being connected in parallel to the first and second semiconductor switches, the control and evaluation device being designed to control the electromechanical switch.
  • the control and evaluation device ensures that during a switch-on process the corresponding semiconductor switch is first switched on and then the mechanical switching contact is closed.
  • the short-circuit measure of the invention is particularly effective when using the mechanical switch. If a short-circuit current occurs when the mechanical switch contact is closed, the reaction time of the electromechanical switch or the mechanical switch contact to open it is so slow, particularly due to its geometry, mass and inertia, that a connected load and/or the DC device can be damaged or even destroyed.
  • the two short-circuit switches in conjunction with the single fuse help here. Because as soon as the control and evaluation device detects a Once the system has detected the short-circuit current and its direction of flow, the corresponding short-circuit switch is switched on and the short-circuit current is diverted via the only fuse, which then quickly trips. Thanks to the special connection of the two short-circuit switches with the only fuse, the thermal load on the cables up to the location of the short circuit can be minimized if a short circuit occurs.
  • a DC voltage supply device can be connected to the first and third device connection and an electrical device can be connected to the second and fourth device connection, or vice versa.
  • the electrical device can be a non-regenerative electrical device, such as an ohmic resistor, a regenerative electrical device or another DC voltage supply device.
  • the DC voltage supply device can be, for example, a DC supply network.
  • the current detection device can, for example, have a current sensor or magnetic field sensor. Furthermore, the current detection device can be connected directly into the respective current path. Alternatively, the current detection device can have a shunt resistor and be designed to detect a voltage at the shunt resistor and its polarity in order to determine the current flowing through the respective current path and its direction.
  • the current detection device can, for example, be connected in series with the fuse or the anti-serial circuit.
  • a DC voltage system which can comprise the DC voltage device described above.
  • a DC voltage supply device and an electrical load which for example, can be designed as a regenerative electrical device.
  • the DC voltage supply device can be, for example, a grounded DC voltage source with a positive pole and a ground connection, a DC supply network or a DC voltage bus. It should be noted that two DC voltage supply devices, such as two DC supply networks, can also be connected to the DC voltage device
  • the first and second device connections each serve as a positive pole and the third and fourth device connections each serve as a negative pole or ground connection
  • the control and evaluation device of the DC switching device is designed, for example, to first control the first semiconductor switch to be conductive, particularly during a switch-on process, and at the same time to keep the second semiconductor switch blocked and then to close the mechanical switching contact when a current is to flow from the first device connection to the third device connection, and, when the current intensity measured by the current measuring device reaches or exceeds the predetermined threshold value, to close the first short-circuit switch.
  • This is preferably the case when a DC voltage supply device is connected to the first and third device connections and an electrical load that is not capable of regenerative power is connected to the second and fourth device connections.
  • the control and evaluation device can also be designed to first control the second semiconductor switch to be conductive and at the same time to keep the first semiconductor switch blocked and then to close the mechanical switching contact when a current is to flow from the second device connection to the fourth device connection and, when the current intensity measured by the current measuring device reaches or exceeds the predetermined threshold value, to close the second short-circuit switch. This is preferably the case when an electrical load that is not capable of regenerative power is connected to the first and third device connection and a DC voltage supply device is connected to the second and fourth device connection.
  • the control and evaluation device must ensure that both the first and the second semiconductor switch are switched to conducting, since the current direction is not fixed.
  • Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an exemplary DC switching device
  • Fig. 2 is an alternative circuit diagram of an exemplary DC switching device.
  • Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of an exemplary DC voltage system 5, which has an exemplary DC voltage switching device 10.
  • the DC voltage switching device 10 has a first and a third device connection 11, 12, to which, for example, a DC voltage supply device 100 can be connected.
  • the DC voltage device 10 also has a second and a fourth device connection 13, 14, to which an electrical device 90 can be connected.
  • the electrical device 90 can also be connected to the device connections 11 and 12 and the DC voltage supply device 100 to the device connections 13 and 14.
  • the DC voltage supply device 100 can be, for example, a grounded DC voltage source with a positive pole and a ground connection, a DC supply network or a DC voltage bus.
  • the electrical device 90 can be designed, for example, as a regenerative or non-regenerative DC voltage load 90 or another DC voltage supply device.
  • a first current path 1 runs between the first device connection 11 and the second device connection 13.
  • An anti-serial circuit 60 is connected in the current path 1, which has a first controllable semiconductor switch 61 and a second controllable semiconductor switch 62, which is connected anti-serially to the first semiconductor switch 61.
  • a first diode 70 is connected anti-parallel to the first semiconductor switch 61 and a second diode 71 is connected anti-parallel to the second semiconductor switch 62.
  • the two semiconductor switches 61, 62 can be designed, for example, as field-effect transistors or as bipolar transistors with an insulated gate electrode (IGBT). In the present example, the two semiconductor switches are
  • the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 61 is connected to the device connection 11, while the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62 is connected to the device connection 13.
  • the emitter electrodes of the two semiconductor switches 61 and 62 form a common connection point.
  • the cathode of the diode 70 is connected to the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 61, while the anode of the diode 70 is connected to the emitter electrode of the semiconductor switch 61.
  • the cathode of the diode 10 is connected to the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62, while the anode of the diode 71 is connected to the emitter electrode of the semiconductor switch 62.
  • control and evaluation device 40 which can be designed as a microcontroller, for example.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 is also connected on the input side to the current detection device 30.
  • a second current path 2 runs between the third device connection 12 and the fourth device connection 13, into which an electrical fuse 20 is connected.
  • the DC voltage switching device 10 only has this one fuse 20.
  • a current detection device 30 can be connected in series with the fuse 20 in the second current path 2.
  • the current detection device 30 can be connected at any point in the first or second current path 1, 2.
  • the current detection device 30 can also have a shunt resistor connected in the first or second current path (not shown).
  • the current detection device is designed to measure a voltage at the Shunt resistance and their polarity in order to determine the current flowing through the respective current path and its direction. It is only important that the current detection device 30, however it is implemented, is designed to determine the current strength and direction of a direct current flowing through the current paths 1 and 2 in order to detect a short-circuit current and its flow direction.
  • the exemplary interconnection of the two semiconductor switches 61 and 62 and the two diodes 70 and 71 ensures that a) when the first semiconductor switch 61 is electrically conductive and the second semiconductor switch 62 is simultaneously controlled to be electrically blocking, a current can flow from the device connection 11 via the first semiconductor switch 61, the diode 71, the load 90, the fuse 20 and the current detection device 30 to the device connection 12, or that b) when the second semiconductor switch 62 is electrically conductive and the first semiconductor switch 61 is simultaneously controlled to be electrically blocking, a current can flow from the device connection 13 via the second semiconductor switch 62, the diode 70, the device connections 11 and 12, the fuse 20 and the current detection device 30 to the device connection 14.
  • the exemplary DC voltage device 10 has two crossing short-circuit switches 50 and 51, which are each designed as thyristors, for example.
  • the short-circuit switches 50 and 51 are each connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40, which is designed, for example, to either switch on the short-circuit switch 50 and leave the short-circuit switch 51 switched off, or vice versa, depending on a detected short-circuit current and its direction.
  • the first controllable short-circuit switch 50 has a first connection 50a, which can be designed as an anode connection, and a second connection 50b, which can be designed as a cathode connection.
  • the first connection 50a is electrically connected to the first current path 1 and is arranged between the second device connection 13 and the anti-serial circuit 60 or the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62.
  • the second connection 50b is electrically connected to the second current path 2 and is arranged between the third device connection 12 and a connection of the electrical fuse 20.
  • the short-circuit switch 50 also has a control connection which is connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40.
  • the second controllable short-circuit switch 51 has a first connection 51a, which can be designed as an anode connection, and a second connection 51b, which can be designed as a cathode connection.
  • the first connection 51a is electrically connected to the first current path 1 and is arranged between the first device connection 11 and the anti-serial circuit 60 or the collector connection of the semiconductor switch 61.
  • the second connection 51b is electrically connected to the second current path 2 and is arranged between the fourth device connection 14 and a further connection of the electrical fuse 20.
  • the short-circuit switch 51 also has a control connection which is connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40.
  • a mechanical switching contact 81 of an electromechanical switch 80 can be connected in parallel to the first and second semiconductor switches 61, 62.
  • the electromechanical switch 80 can be designed as a relay.
  • the electromechanical switch 80 has an excitation coil 82, which can be connected to the control and evaluation device 40, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the excitation coil 82 is located in a control circuit which is controlled by the control and evaluation device 40 can be controlled accordingly to open and close in order to be able to open or close the mechanical switching contact 81.
  • the switching contact 81 is designed, for example, as a normally open contact.
  • Fig. 2 shows the circuit diagram of another exemplary DC voltage system 5', which has an exemplary DC voltage switching device 10'.
  • the DC voltage switching device 10' has a first and a third device connection 11, 12 to which a DC voltage supply device 100 can be connected.
  • the DC voltage device 10 also has a second and a fourth device connection 13, 14 to which an electrical DC voltage load 90 can be connected.
  • the load 90 can also be connected to the device connections 11 and 12 and the DC voltage supply device 100 to the device connections 13 and 14, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the DC voltage switching device 10' differs from the DC voltage switching device 10 in particular only in that an electrical fuse 20 is arranged in the first current path 1 and an anti-serial circuit 60 in the second current path 2. Therefore, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the same components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a current path 2 runs between the device connection 12 and the second device connection 14.
  • the anti-serial circuit 60 is connected in the current path 2 and has a first controllable semiconductor switch 61 and a second controllable semiconductor switch 62, which is connected anti-serially to the first semiconductor switch 61.
  • a first diode 70 is connected anti-parallel to the first semiconductor switch 61 and a second diode 71 is connected anti-parallel to the second semiconductor switch 62.
  • the two semiconductor switches 61, 62 can be designed, for example, as field-effect transistors or as bipolar transistors with an insulated gate electrode (IGBT). In the present example, the two semiconductor switches 61 and 62 are each implemented as n-channel IGBT transistors.
  • the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 61 is connected to the device connection 14, while the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62 is connected to the device connection 12.
  • the emitter electrodes of the two semiconductor switches 61 and 62 form a common connection point.
  • the cathode of the diode 70 is connected to the collector Electrode of the semiconductor switch 61, while the anode of the diode 70 is connected to the emitter electrode of the semiconductor switch 61.
  • the cathode of the diode 10 is connected to the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62, while the anode of the diode 71 is connected to the emitter electrode of the semiconductor switch 62.
  • the gate electrodes of the semiconductor switches 61 and 62 are each connected to an input of a control and evaluation device 40, which can be designed as a microcontroller, for example.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 is also connected to a current measuring device 30 on the input side.
  • Another current path 1 runs between the device connection 11 and the device connection 12, into which the electrical fuse 20 is connected.
  • the DC switching device 10 only has this one fuse 20.
  • the current measuring device 30 can be connected in series with the fuse 20 in the current path 1.
  • the current detection device 30 can be connected at any point in the first or second current path 1, 2.
  • the current detection device 30 can also have a shunt resistor that is connected in parallel to one of the two current paths 1, 2.
  • the current detection device 30 can be designed to detect a voltage at the shunt resistor (not shown) and its polarity in order to determine the current flowing through the respective current path and its direction. It is only important that the current detection device 30, however it is implemented, is designed to determine the current intensity and direction of a direct current flowing through the current paths 1 and 2 in order to detect a short-circuit current and its flow direction.
  • the exemplary connection of the two semiconductor switches 61 and 62 and the two diodes 70 and 71 ensures that a) when the first semiconductor switch 61 is electrically conductive and the second semiconductor switch 62 is simultaneously electrically blocked, a current flows from the device connection 11 via the first semiconductor switch 61, the diode 71, the load 90, the fuse 20 and the current detection device 30 to the device connection 12 can, or that, b) when the second semiconductor switch 62 is electrically conductive and the first semiconductor switch 61 is simultaneously controlled to be electrically blocking, a current can flow from the device connection 13 via the second semiconductor switch 62, the diode 70, the device connections 11 and 12, the fuse 20 and the current detection device 30 to the device connection 14.
  • the exemplary DC voltage device 10 has two crossing short-circuit switches 50 and 51, which can each be designed as a thyristor or triac with a bidirectional current flow, for example. Such components are characterized by their speed, current-carrying capacity and cost structure.
  • the short-circuit switches 50 and 51 are each connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40, which is designed, for example, to either switch on the short-circuit switch 50 and simultaneously switch off the short-circuit switch 51, or vice versa, depending on a detected short-circuit current and its direction.
  • the first controllable short-circuit switch 50 has a first connection 50a, which can be designed as an anode connection, and a second connection 50b, which can be designed as a cathode connection.
  • the first connection 50a is electrically connected to the first current path 1 and is arranged between the second device connection 13 and a connection of the fuse 20.
  • the second connection 50b is electrically connected to the second current path 2 and is arranged between the third device connection 12 and the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 62.
  • the short-circuit switch 50 also has a control connection which is connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40.
  • the second controllable short-circuit switch 51 has a first connection 51a, which can be designed as an anode connection, and a second connection 51b, which can be designed as a cathode connection.
  • the first connection 51a is electrically connected to the current path 1 and between the first device connection 11 and a second connection of the fuse 20.
  • the second connection 51b is electrically connected to the current path 2 and is arranged between the fourth device connection 14 and the collector electrode of the semiconductor switch 61.
  • the short-circuit switch 51 also has a control connection which is connected to an output of the control and evaluation device 40.
  • a mechanical switching contact 81 of an electromechanical switch 80 can be connected in parallel to the first and second semiconductor switches 61, 62.
  • the electromechanical switch 80 can be designed as a relay.
  • the electromechanical switch 80 has an excitation coil 82 which can be connected to the control and evaluation device 40, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the excitation coil 82 is located in a control circuit which can be controlled by the control and evaluation device 40 to open and close accordingly in order to open or close the mechanical switching contact 81.
  • the switching contact 81 is designed as a normally open contact, for example.
  • a predetermined threshold value that defines a short-circuit current is stored in each of the DC voltage devices 10 and 10'.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 preferably has a memory in which the predetermined threshold value is stored.
  • the predetermined threshold value can also be stored in a separate memory that the control and evaluation device 40 can access.
  • the device connections 11 and 13 can function as positive poles, in which case current path 1 functions as the positive conductor.
  • the device connections 12 and 14 can function as negative poles or ground connections, in which case current path 2 functions as the negative conductor or ground line.
  • the mode of operation of the DC voltage devices 10 and 10' in connection with the DC voltage system 5 shown in Fig. 1 is explained below. It is assumed that the electrical device 90 is, for example, an electrical, non-regenerative DC voltage load.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 is therefore designed to control a switch-on process by first switching the semiconductor switch 61 electrically conductive and the semiconductor switch 62 electrically blocking. At this moment, a direct current flows from the direct voltage supply device 100 via the device connection 11, the semiconductor transistor 61, the diode 71, through the load 90 and via the device connection 12 back to the direct voltage supply device 100. If the electromechanical switch 80 is implemented, the control and evaluation device 40 causes the direct voltage switching device 10 to close the mechanical switching contact 81, for example after a definable period of time after the semiconductor switch 61 has been switched conductive. Alternatively or additionally, the control and evaluation device 40 can cause the direct voltage switching device 10 to close the mechanical switching contact 81, for example after a predetermined current threshold has been reached.
  • a threshold value can be stored in the DC switching device 10, which the control and evaluation device 40 can access.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 compares this threshold value with the current value supplied by the current determination device 30. If the measured current value exceeds the threshold value, the control and evaluation device ensures that the mechanical switching contact 81 is closed.
  • the direction and the current strength of the direct current are preferably continuously determined by the current determination device 30 and transmitted to the control and evaluation device 40. If a short circuit now occurs, both the semiconductor switch 61 would have to be switched to blocking and the mechanical switching contact 81 would have to be opened. However, due to the mechanical construction and the arcing that occurs, the reaction time of the electromechanical switch 80 to open the mechanical switching contact 81 is too long to ensure reliable short-circuit resistance. However, thanks to the inventive measure, short-circuit resistance can now be ensured, particularly when using an electromechanical switch.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 detects the occurrence of a short circuit when the direct current measured by the current detection device 30 reaches or exceeds the predetermined threshold value. In response to this and to the detected direction of the current flowing from the device connection 11 to the device connection 13, the control and evaluation device 40 causes the direct current switching device 10 to switch on the short-circuit switch 51. From this moment on, the short-circuit current flows via the short-circuit switch 51 and the fuse 20 to the device connection 12, which triggers the fuse 20. Thanks to the special connection of the short-circuit switches 51 and 50 with the fuse 20, the load on the current paths 1 and 2 and possible connecting cables can be reduced when a short circuit occurs.
  • control and evaluation device 40 can also be designed, for example, to switch on the short-circuit switch 50 after the short-circuit switch 51 is switched on in order to enable a stepped short-circuit diversion with the aim of conducting a current via two paths to the current path 2, which is connected to ground. In this way, for example, line capacitances to the load 90 can be short-circuited by means of the second short-circuit switch 50.
  • a switch-on process of the DC voltage switching device 10 takes place as follows:
  • the control and evaluation device 40 is now designed to control a switch-on process by first switching the semiconductor switch 62 electrically conductive and the semiconductor switch 61 electrically blocking. At this moment, a direct current flows via the device connection 13, the semiconductor transistor 62, the diode 70 and via the device connections 11 and 12 back to the device connection 14.
  • a switch-on process can take place in a similar way if the direct voltage supply device 100 is connected to the device connections 11 and 12 and the load 90 connected to the device connections 13 and 14 is designed to feed energy back to the direct voltage supply device 100.
  • control and evaluation device 40 causes the DC switching device 10 to close the mechanical switching contact 81 after a definable period of time after the semiconductor switch 61 has been switched to conduct.
  • the direction and the current intensity of the direct current are preferably continuously determined by the current determination device 30 and transmitted to the control and evaluation device 40.
  • the control and evaluation device 40 detects the occurrence of a short circuit when the direct current measured by the current detection device 30 reaches or exceeds the predetermined threshold value. In response to this and to the determined direction of the current flowing from the device connection 13 to the device connection 14, the control and evaluation device 40 causes the direct current switching device 10 to switch on the short-circuit switch 50. From this moment on, the short-circuit current flows via the short-circuit switch 50 and the fuse 20 to the device connection 14, which triggers the fuse 20. Thanks to the special connection of the short-circuit switches 51 and 50 with the fuse 20, the load on the current paths 1 and 2 and possible connecting cables can be reduced when a short circuit occurs.
  • control and evaluation device 40 can also be designed, for example, to also to switch on the short-circuit switch 51 in order to enable a stepped short-circuit diversion with the aim of conducting a current via two paths to the current path 2, which is connected to ground. In this way, for example, line capacitances to the load 90 can be short-circuited by means of the second short-circuit switch 51.
  • the nominal current and overload current of the short-circuit switches 50 and 51, the semiconductor switches 61, 62 and the diodes 70, 71 as well as the electromechanical switch 80 are advantageously to be matched to the nominal current (i.e. the tripping characteristic) of the fuse 20.
  • the dielectric strength of the semiconductor switches 61 and 62 is greater than the operating voltage.
  • the functionality of the DC switching device 10' essentially corresponds to the functionality of the DC switching device 10, so that in order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the explanations regarding the DC switching device 10.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne, entre autres, un dispositif de commutation à tension continue (10) comprenant une première, une deuxième, une troisième et une quatrième borne de dispositif (11-14), un premier trajet de courant (1), un deuxième trajet de courant (2) et un fusible électrique unique (20). Un circuit anti-série (60) qui comporte un premier commutateur à semi-conducteur commandable (61) et un deuxième commutateur à semi-conducteur commandable (62) est situé dans l'un des deux trajets de courant (1, 2), tandis que le fusible (20) est situé dans l'autre trajet de courant (1, 2). L'invention concerne également un premier et un deuxième commutateur de court-circuit commandable (50, 51) et un dispositif de détermination de courant (30). Un dispositif de commande et d'évaluation (40) est conçu pour commuter le premier ou le deuxième commutateur de court-circuit (50, 51) en fonction de la direction et de l'intensité de courant détectées par le dispositif de détermination de courant (30), si l'intensité de courant détectée atteint ou dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéfinie, ledit commutateur de court-circuit redirigeant un courant de court-circuit à travers le fusible (20).
EP24702163.7A 2023-01-31 2024-01-26 Dispositif de commutation à tension continue, en particulier pour interrompre un flux de courant, et système à tension continue Pending EP4659352A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE20235062A BE1031299B1 (de) 2023-01-31 2023-01-31 Gleichspannungsschaltgerät, insbesondere zum Unterbrechen eines Stromflusses, und Gleichspannungssystem
PCT/EP2024/051913 WO2024160674A1 (fr) 2023-01-31 2024-01-26 Dispositif de commutation à tension continue, en particulier pour interrompre un flux de courant, et système à tension continue

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EP4659352A1 true EP4659352A1 (fr) 2025-12-10

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EP24702163.7A Pending EP4659352A1 (fr) 2023-01-31 2024-01-26 Dispositif de commutation à tension continue, en particulier pour interrompre un flux de courant, et système à tension continue

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EP (1) EP4659352A1 (fr)
BE (1) BE1031299B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024160674A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201610901D0 (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-08-03 Eaton Ind Austria Gmbh Hybrid DC circuit breaker
JP2020141429A (ja) * 2017-06-14 2020-09-03 三洋電機株式会社 電池パック、電池パックの異常検出方法、電池パックの充電制御方法、及び電池パックの充電制御プログラミング
EP3691127A1 (fr) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Commutateur électronique sécurisé

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BE1031299A1 (de) 2024-08-27
WO2024160674A1 (fr) 2024-08-08
BE1031299B1 (de) 2024-09-03

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