Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
  • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
  • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
  • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
  • C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
  • C21B7/04—Blast furnaces with special refractories
  • C21B7/06—Linings for furnaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
  • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
  • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
  • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
  • F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks

Definitions

• the invention relates to a relining machine according to claim 1, a system according to claim 10 and a method for renewing a relining according to claim 11.
• a converter used in steel production has a converter vessel with an internal refractory lining.
• This lining protects the steel converter vessel from the heat of the molten steel within a working chamber defined by the lining.
• the lining is subjected to high thermal stress and wears down with each blowing cycle. Once a certain number of blowing cycles has passed, the converter lining must be replaced; otherwise, the liquid steel, which has a temperature of 1,600 °C to 1,750 °C, will damage the converter vessel.
• a lining machine is known.
• the lining machine has several work platforms.
• a crane is provided to lift pallets of refractory material, intended for lining a converter, into the converter.
• the work platforms are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the lining machine.
• the pallets of refractory material are lifted centrally by the crane.
• the lining machine extends over a floor of the converter and into the converter. From the crane, the pallet is transported to the respective work platform by means of a roller table.
• a lining machine is known that is mounted on top of the converter.
• a conveyor belt is provided to transport the refractory material from above into the converter.
• the object of the invention is to provide an improved relining machine, an improved system and an improved method for renewing the relining.
• an improved relining machine for renewing the lining of a converter can be provided by a machine comprising a work platform, a platform lift, a magazine lift, an ejection device, a loading device, and a base with a loading unit.
• the platform lift is connected to the base and the work platform and is designed to move the work platform between a transport position and a working position. In the working position, the work platform is positioned at a distance from the base.
• the work platform can be located inside the converter in the working position and outside the converter in the transport position.
• the magazine lift, the ejection device, and the loading device are arranged on the work platform.
• the magazine lift has at least one first magazine and a first lifting unit connected to the first magazine.
• the first magazine has several first magazine compartments for the simultaneous transport of multiple relining bricks.
• the relining bricks can be transported in their respective first magazine compartments.
• the first lifting unit is configured to move the first magazine between a first loading position at the loading device and a first unloading position at the ejection device.
• the loading device is configured to load the first magazine compartments of the first magazine with bricks in the first loading position.
• the loading device is arranged on the magazine lift, and the ejection device is configured to convey at least one brick from the first magazine onto the loading device in the first unloading position of the first magazine.
• the loading device extends between an ejection position and the magazine lift and is configured to guide at least one of the bricks ejected from the first magazine to the ejection position.
• This design has the advantage that, while working on the platform, personnel have little to no contact with the bricks to move them. In particular, it eliminates the need for personnel to lift the bricks, which can weigh up to 25 kg. This makes the bricklaying machine exceptionally ergonomic.
• the transport of several bricks using the first magazine lift ensures that idle times or waiting times for people on the work platform are minimized. This avoids delays and ensures continuous rebuilding of the lining in the converter. In particular, downtime while waiting for missing materials, especially relining bricks, can be avoided.
• the base comprises a first transport device, at least one first singulation station, and a feeding device.
• the feeding device comprises at least one first storage station and a first pallet transport unit. At the first storage station, at least one pallet of infill bricks can be fed to the feeding device.
• the first pallet transport unit extends between the first storage station and the first singulation station and is configured to transport the first pallet of infill bricks to the first singulation station. At the first singulation station, the first pallet of infill bricks can be singulated into individual infill bricks.
• the first transport device extends between the first singulation station and the loading device, and the first transport device is configured to transport the singulated infill brick from the first singulation station to the loading device.
• This design has the advantage that, by singulating the bricks on the first pallet and feeding them via the loading device to the work platform, preparatory steps for bricklaying can be carried out outside the work platform, thus avoiding congestion on the work platform, particularly when singulating bricks. Furthermore, this reduces the number of people on the work platform, making the bricklaying machine also suitable for use with smaller converters to renew the brickwork.
• the singulation station can, for example, be designed as a height-adjustable roller conveyor, so that, for example, a working height or a top level of bricks on the first pallet can be arranged at approximately the height of the first transport device, thus avoiding the need to lift the brick by a person in order to convey the brick onto the transport device.
• the singulation of the brickwork stones at the first singulation station is automated, for example by means of a multi-axis robot.
• the arrangement of the singulation station in the base allows several people to work at a single station, enabling particularly fast singulation of the first pallet. This allows a large amount of material to be provided within a short period, enabling the workers on the platform to work quickly and focus exclusively on the brickwork.
• the base has a base frame that encloses an interior base space.
• the platform lift is attached to the base frame.
• the work platform In the transport position, the work platform is arranged at least partially, preferably completely, within the interior base space, while in the working position, the work platform is arranged outside the interior base space. Due to the arrangement of the work platform and preferably the components of the relining machine arranged on, at, or below the work platform, and the retracted state of the work platform in the transport position, the relining machine is designed to be particularly compact. In particular, this allows the relining machine to be stored in the production plant building at a space-saving distance from the converter and/or converter assembly until further relining of the converter is required.
• the work platform is rotatably mounted on the platform lift about a first axis of rotation, the platform lift being rotationally fixed to the base.
• the base has a turntable arranged offset from the work platform, which is rotatably mounted about a second axis of rotation.
• the turntable is also rotatably mounted about the first axis of rotation of the work platform.
• the loading device is arranged radially outside the turntable, the turntable being designed to rotate the first magazine, which can be arranged on the turntable, about the second axis of rotation and align it with the loading device.
• This design has the advantage that the platform does not need to be aligned with the first magazine relative to the loading device and can remain rotated relative to the loading device while the first magazine is loaded with bricks by the loading device. This allows the bricks already on and/or attached to the work platform to be laid further while the loading device loads the first magazine with additional bricks.
• the placement device comprises a first placement unit and a first stone storage unit with at least one first arrangement of first storage compartments.
• Each of the first storage compartments is configured as follows:
• Each of the first magazine compartments is designed to hold at least one brick, preferably exactly one brick or several bricks arranged in a row.
• each of the first magazine compartments is designed to hold exactly one brick or several bricks arranged in a row.
• the first brick storage compartment and the first magazine are configured to correspond to each other.
• the first magazine is located in an initial position on the first brick storage compartment, and the first loading unit is located on the first brick storage compartment and is configured to move at least one brick from the first storage compartment into an associated first storage compartment.
• the first storage compartments are arranged in a stack along a first lifting axis at a predefined first distance.
• the first magazine compartments are arranged one above the other along the first axis of rotation at the first distance, with the first magazine compartments being arranged essentially at the same height and aligned next to the first storage compartments in the initial position.
• the loading device has at least one third lifting unit connected to the first stone storage unit.
• This third lifting unit is configured to raise or lower the first stone storage unit such that a first free storage compartment of the first stone storage unit is essentially located in a first transport plane of the first transport device.
• the first transport device is configured to move the brick into the free first storage compartment located in the transport plane.
• This configuration has the advantage that the first stone storage unit can be loaded automatically.
• the third lifting unit can raise or lower the first stone storage unit again, so that the first storage compartment is located in the first transport plane. This allows the first transport device to move another brick into the next free first storage compartment of the first stone storage unit, thus enabling the first stone storage unit to be filled sequentially.
• the magazine lift comprises a second magazine with several secondary magazine compartments and a second lifting unit.
• the second magazine is connected to the second lifting unit.
• the second lifting unit is configured to move the second magazine independently of the first magazine between a second loading position at the loading device and a second unloading position at the ejection device.
• the loading device is further configured to load the secondary magazine compartments of the second magazine with bricks in the second loading position, and the ejection device is configured to convey at least one of the bricks from the second magazine in the second unloading position.
• the loading device has at least one first extendable roller conveyor, the first roller conveyor being configured to guide the brick along a third transport level from the ejection device to the bricklaying position.
• the ejection device has at least one first ejector movable parallel to the loading device, the first ejector being configured to push the brick from the first magazine onto the first roller conveyor.
• An improved system can be provided by comprising a converter for producing a metallic melt, in particular a steel melt, and a refractory lining machine.
• the refractory lining machine is designed as described above.
• the converter has a converter vessel with at least one upper converter opening and/or lower converter opening, wherein the converter vessel at least partially encloses a converter chamber.
• the base is located outside the converter, and the working platform is positioned within the converter chamber when in its working position. arranged. In the transport position, the work platform is arranged outside the converter vessel.
• An improved method for relining a converter can be provided by employing the system described above.
• the platform lift moves the work platform into the working position within the converter vessel, with the first lifting unit moving the first magazine from the first unloading position to the first loading position.
• the loading device loads the first magazine with a number of relining bricks.
• the first lifting unit moves the first magazine to the first unloading position, with the ejection device conveying one of the relining bricks from the first magazine onto the placement device.
• the relining brick is moved along the placement device to the relining position on the converter vessel, and the relining of the converter vessel is rebuilt using the relining brick.
• This design has the advantage that the first magazine is automatically unloaded. Furthermore, several relining bricks can be transported simultaneously from the base to the work platform, and the sequential unloading of the first magazine prevents an excess of unused relining bricks from accumulating on the relining platform.
• a first pallet of bricks is provided at the feeding device.
• the feeding device transports the first pallet of bricks to the first singulation station.
• the bricks are sequentially separated from the first pallet and sequentially provided to the first transport device.
• the first transport device transports the bricks to the loading device.
• the loading device loads the first magazine with the bricks.
• the loading device preferably loads the first magazine with several bricks simultaneously.
• the first transport device sequentially loads the first stone storage unit with masonry bricks.
• Each first storage compartment of the first stone storage unit is loaded with one masonry brick.
• the first magazine is positioned next to the first stone storage unit in its original position, with the first The loading unit, preferably simultaneously, moves, in particular pushes, the first bricks from the first storage compartments into the assigned first magazine compartments.
• the work platform is rotated relative to the base about the first axis of rotation while the infill blocks are being laid.
• the first lifting unit moves the first magazine towards the turntable.
• the turntable is then rotated about the second axis of rotation into a rotating position, with the first magazine positioned against it. From this rotating position, the turntable is rotated about the second axis of rotation into a second alignment position.
• the turntable carries the first magazine with it, and in this second alignment position, the first magazine is aligned with the loading device. After the first magazine is loaded, the turntable is rotated from the second alignment position back into the rotating position, and the first lifting unit moves the first magazine into the first unloading position.
• This coordinate system has an x-axis (longitudinal direction), a y-axis (transverse direction), and a z-axis (height direction).
• the coordinate system can, for example, be right-handed.
• FIG 1 shows a perspective view of a system 10.
• the System 10 comprises a production plant 15 and a bricklaying machine 20.
• the production plant 15 includes a building 25 with a floor 30 and a rail 35 installed in the building 25.
• the rail 35 can be attached to or within the floor 30.
• the production plant 15 can, in particular, comprise one, preferably several, identically designed converters 40, arranged, for example, spaced apart in the x or y direction.
• Each of the converters 40 is designed to receive a liquid molten iron.
• a Linz-Donawitz process for example, is carried out in the converter 40 to produce a steel melt from the iron melt.
• the converter 40 comprises a converter vessel 45 with an upper converter opening 50 and a lower converter opening 55.
• the converter vessel 45 encloses a converter chamber 60, in which a lining 70 of the converter 40 is arranged adjacent to a first inner circumferential side 65 of the converter vessel 45.
• the lining 70 delimits a working chamber 80, which, during normal operation of the converter 40, is at least partially filled with molten iron and/or with the molten steel produced from the molten iron.
• the converter vessel 45 is exemplarily shaped like a barrel with a cross-section that varies along the z-axis.
• the converter 40 further comprises a converter frame (not shown in the image). FIG 1 shown) with the converter vessel 45 suspended from the converter frame.
• the converter 40 can also have an enclosure (not in FIG 1 shown) exhibiting, wherein the enclosure has an enclosure opening which is in FIG 1 is open and has moved into the lining machine 20.
• the refractory lining 70 wears down with each oxygen blowing process into the molten iron.
• the refractory lining 70 must therefore be renewed at regular intervals.
• the refractory lining machine 20 described below is used to renew the refractory lining 70 particularly quickly and to equip the converter vessel 45 with a new refractory lining 70.
• the relining machine 20 was moved along the track 35 under the converter vessel 45. Additionally, to ensure particularly stable positioning, the relining machine 20 can also be supported by support elements (e.g., hydraulic jacks) against the building floor 30 (not shown). Furthermore, both the upper converter opening 50 and the lower converter opening 55 were opened to renew the lining 70 of the converter vessel 45.
• support elements e.g., hydraulic jacks
• the bricklaying machine 20 comprises a work platform 85, a platform lift 90, a magazine lift 95, an ejection device 100, a loading device 105, preferably a personnel lift 285, and a base 110.
• the platform lift 90 is connected to the base 110 on one side and to the work platform 85 on the other side.
• the platform lift 90 can have at least one hydraulic lifting support 115.
• the platform lift 90 has several, for example three, lifting supports 115, which are spaced apart from each other, for example in a triangle.
• the lifting support 115 can be hydraulically and/or electrically actuated.
• FIG 1 The illustration shows the lifting support 115 resting on the base 110 from below and supporting the work platform 85 from above.
• the platform lift 90 is designed differently.
• the platform lift 90 for example, is designed to move the work platform 85 in the z-direction between a transport position and a position in FIG 1 to move to the working position shown.
• the work platform 85 In the transport position, the work platform 85 is retracted from the work space 80 and preferably into the base 110 relative to the working position.
• the work platform 85 In the working position, the work platform 85 is lifted away from the base 110 by the platform lift 90 and preferably inserted into the work space 80 of the converter vessel 45 via the lower converter opening 55.
• a multitude of working positions, i.e., z-positions, are possible in the work space 90 to renew the lining 70.
• the work platform 85 is the location within the work area where 80 people are positioned to construct the new lining 70 after the worn lining 70 has been removed.
• the magazine lift 95, the ejection device 100, and the loading device 105 are arranged on, and especially above, the work platform 85.
• the loading device 105 can, for example, extend between the magazine lift 95 and a loading position for the lining 70.
• the loading position is the position where the next lining brick 400 of the lining 70 is to be placed onto the already partially constructed lining 70.
• the loading device 105 can be designed as a first roller conveyor, in particular as an extendable scissor roller conveyor.
• the work platform 85 is rotatably mounted about a first pivot axis 120.
• the first pivot axis 120 It can, for example, be aligned parallel to the z-axis.
• the lifting supports 115 can also extend parallel to the first axis of rotation 120. In this embodiment, for example, the first axis of rotation 120 is arranged centrally with respect to the lifting supports 115.
• the magazine lift 95 has at least one first magazine 125 (in FIG 1 (concealed and only indicated by a dashed line), a first lifting unit 130 and a lifting frame 150, wherein the first lifting unit 130 is connected to the first magazine 125 by means of at least one first lifting rope arrangement 135 of the first lifting unit 130.
• the first lifting rope arrangement 135 is, for example, wound onto or unwound from a first driven rope drum 140 of the first lifting unit 130.
• the first lifting cable arrangement 135, for example, comprises at least one first lifting cable 145, preferably several first lifting cables 145 running parallel to each other in the z-direction, each extending in the z-direction.
• the first lifting unit 130 is, for example, arranged on the upper side of the lifting frame 150 of the magazine lift 95.
• the lifting frame 150 is frame-shaped and is supported on its underside by the work platform 85.
• the first lifting unit 130 is configured to move the first magazine 125 between a first loading position and a first unloading position. In the first loading position, the first magazine 125 is lowered into the base 110 by the first lifting unit 130, whereas in the first unloading position, the first magazine 125 is retracted into the lifting frame 150 and is located essentially above the work platform 85.
• the magazine lift 95 can have a second magazine 155 and a second lifting unit 160.
• the second lifting unit 160 and the second magazine 155 are preferably identical to the first magazine 125 and the first lifting unit 130.
• the second lifting unit 160 can, for example, be configured as follows: FIG 1
• the second magazine 155 is arranged transversely to the first lifting unit 130 on the lifting frame 150, and is moved independently of the first magazine 125, for example by means of a second lifting cable arrangement, between a second loading position, in which the second magazine 155 is essentially located in the base 110, and a second unloading position, in which the second magazine 155 is essentially retracted into the lifting frame 150.
• a second lifting cable arrangement between a second loading position, in which the second magazine 155 is essentially located in the base 110, and a second unloading position, in which the second magazine 155 is essentially retracted into the lifting frame 150.
• the base 110 has a base frame 165, the base frame 165 enclosing a base interior 170.
• the base frame 165 can be truss-like, for example made of metal profiles.
• One or more track wheels can be arranged on the underside of the base frame 165 (in FIG 1 (not shown), to move the base 110 along the track 35. At least one of the track rollers can be driven.
• a base cover 175 is preferably arranged on the upper side of the base frame 165 to protect persons inside the base interior 170 from falling objects, such as tools or bricks.
• the sides of the base interior 170 can be open, for example, due to the truss-like design of the base frame 165.
• the base cover 175 can have at least one opening 180, wherein the opening 180 opens into the base interior 170 and is designed as a through-opening in the base cover 175.
• the platform lift 90 is guided through the opening 180, and the opening 180 is designed such that the work platform 85 and the components arranged on the work platform 85 can be retracted into the base interior 170 to move the work platform 85 into the transport position.
• the work platform 85 and the components arranged on the work platform 85 are arranged entirely within the base interior 170, so that no component of the work platform 85 and/or, for example, no component arranged on the work platform 85, particularly in the z-direction, protrudes beyond the base cover 175 in the transport position via the opening 180.
• the passenger lift 285 comprises a passenger cabin 290 and a third lifting unit 295, the third lifting unit 295 being attached to the work platform 85 below it.
• the passenger cabin 290 located below the work platform 85, can be moved between the work platform 85 and the base interior 170.
• the passenger lift 285 can transport persons from the base interior 170 to below the work platform 85.
• FIG 2 shows a top view of the in FIG 1 Base 110 of the lining machine 20 shown.
• the base 110 comprises a transport device 185, at least one first arrangement of at least one first singulation station 190, at least one feeding device 195, a rotary table 200, a discharge device 205, and a loading device 210. Furthermore, the base 110 comprises a first end face 215, a second end face 220 arranged opposite the first end face in the x-direction, a first longitudinal side 230, and a second longitudinal side 235 arranged transversely to the first longitudinal side 230.
• the first longitudinal side 230 and the second longitudinal side 235 extend between the first end face 215 and the second end face 220 and connect them.
• the first and second longitudinal sides 230 and 235 are significantly longer than the first end face 215 and the second end face 220.
• the assembly device 210 is, for example, arranged essentially in the middle position between the first end face 215 and the second end face 220 of the base 110 in both the x and y directions.
• the discharge device 205 adjoins the second end face 220.
• the rotary table 200 is arranged longitudinally between the discharge device 205 and the loading device 210.
• the rotary table 200 is, for example, rotatably mounted about a second axis of rotation 225.
• the second axis of rotation 225 is preferably aligned parallel to the z-axis.
• the first axis of rotation 120 and the second axis of rotation 225 are arranged overlapping.
• the rotary table 200 is preferably arranged in the z-direction below the work platform 85.
• the rotary table 200 is rotatable about the second axis of rotation 225 independently of the work platform 85.
• the geometric design of the rotary table 200 is described in detail in FIG 7 received.
• the transport device 185 extends between the first end face 215 and the loading device 210, preferably parallel to the first longitudinal side 230.
• the transport device 185 can, for example, have a second roller conveyor 275 or several second and third roller conveyors 275, 280 running parallel in the longitudinal direction, preferably parallel to each other.
• the second roller conveyor 275 and/or the third roller conveyor 280 each terminate at the loading device 210.
• the feeding device 195 has at least one first storage station 240 and one first pallet transport unit 245.
• the first storage station 240 is, for example, located outside the base interior 170 on the first longitudinal side 230.
• the first pallet transport unit 245 extends from the first storage station 240 into the base interior 170.
• the first pallet transport unit 245 is configured, for example, to transport a first pallet 265 from the first storage station 240 into the base interior 170.
• the first pallet transport unit 245 can be driven and, for example, configured as a fourth roller conveyor.
• the first pallet transport unit 245 and the first storage station 240 are arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction (x-axis) along the first longitudinal side 230.
• At least one arrangement of at least one first singulation station 190 is arranged between the transport device 185 and one side of the first pallet transport unit 245 facing away from the first storage station 240.
• three first singulation stations 190 of the first arrangement are arranged between the first longitudinal side 230 and the transport device 185, each of which can be approached by the first pallet transport unit 245 and the first storage station 240.
• the first singulation stations 190 are, for example, arranged longitudinally spaced apart from one another, with sufficient free space 250 between each of the individual first singulation stations 190 in which a person can stand and work.
• the feeding device 195 has a second storage station 255 and a second pallet transport unit 260, wherein the second storage station 255 is arranged outside the base interior 170 adjacent to the second longitudinal side 235.
• the second storage station 255 and the second pallet transport unit 260 are movable along the longitudinal axis and also along the second longitudinal side 235.
• the movableness of the second storage station 255 and the second pallet transport unit 260 is preferably independent of the first storage station 240 and the first pallet transport unit 245.
• second singulation stations 191 can be arranged between the second longitudinal side 235 and the transport device 185.
• second singulation stations 191 are arranged. These can be positioned as between the second longitudinal side 235 and the first Transport equipment 185, for example, may be arranged with three second singulation stations 191.
• the second singulation stations 191 can be arranged at intervals along the longitudinal axis like the first singulation stations 190, so that a free space 250 is provided between the second singulation stations 191 in which a person can be present and work.
• both the first and second storage stations 240, 255 are designed such that, for example, a pallet 265, 270 containing bricks 400 can be placed at each storage station 240, 255.
• the respective pallet transport unit 245, 260 can transport the pallet 265, 270 placed at the storage station 240, 255 to a preferably unoccupied singulation station 190, 191.
• at least the singulation station 190, 191 is height-adjustable to ensure a comfortable working height for the person working at the singulation station 190, 191 and to enable ergonomic working conditions.
• the second roller conveyor 275 and the third roller conveyor 280 are arranged transversely spaced apart from each other by way of example.
• the second roller conveyor 275 is located on the side facing the first singulation station 190 and the first longitudinal side 230.
• the third roller conveyor 280 is located facing the second longitudinal side 235.
• the second roller conveyor 275 and the third roller conveyor 280 are preferably parallel and extend essentially from the first side 215 to the loading device 210.
• Both the first roller conveyor 275 and the second roller conveyor 280 are each configured to transport individual bricks 400, separated from pallets 265 and 270 at their respective singulation stations 190 and 191, from the singulation stations 190 and 191 to the loading device 210.
• the transport of the respective bricks 400 can preferably take place independently of each other on the two roller conveyors 275 and 280.
• FIG 3 shows one in FIG 1 marked section A of the FIG 1 system shown 10.
• a ladder 300 can be arranged under the work platform 85.
• the ladder 300 extends from a passage opening 301 in the work platform 85. in the z-direction towards the base 110 to enable a safe transfer and ascent of persons from the passenger lift 285 to the work platform 85.
• the magazine lift 95 in particular the lifting frame 150, is located between the ejection device 100 (in FIG 3 (partially concealed) and the support device 105.
• the access opening 301 is arranged laterally offset from the lifting frame 150.
• the placement device 105 for example, has a first roller conveyor 425 and preferably a second roller conveyor 430, wherein the first roller conveyor 425 and the second roller conveyor 430 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other.
• the work platform 85 is arranged in a first alignment position. In the first alignment position, the support device 105 and the transport device 185 are aligned.
• FIG 4A shows a section of a perspective view of the in FIGN 1 to 3 system shown 10.
• the loading device 210 comprises at least one first stone storage unit 305, a fourth lifting unit 310 associated with the first stone storage unit 305, a carrier 315 and at least one first loading unit 325 (in FIG 4A (covertly) on.
• the support 315 is attached to the underside of the base frame 165. Laterally, the first stone storage unit 305 is mounted on the side of the support 315 and is displaceable in the z-direction relative to the support 315 along a first lifting axis 320 by the fourth lifting unit 310.
• the first lifting axis 320 runs, for example, parallel to the z-axis and to the first and second pivot axes 120, 225.
• the first stone storage unit 305 can, for example, be located on the side facing the first longitudinal side 230. One short side of the first stone storage unit 305 is aligned with the second roller conveyor 275.
• the first stone storage compartment 305 has a first compartment arrangement of first storage compartments 330, wherein the first storage compartments 330 are arranged one above the other at regular intervals, preferably in the z-direction.
• Each of the first storage compartments 330 is configured to accommodate, preferably exclusively, one lining stone 400.
• the first storage compartment 300 can accommodate several lining stones 400 arranged one behind the other, which are, for example, significantly shorter, for example, less than half the length of the first storage compartment 300.
• first storage compartments 330 are arranged stacked one above the other.
• the first storage compartments 330 preferably have a predefined, preferably regular, first distance a1 from each other in the z-direction.
• the first storage compartments 330 can be open in the transverse direction, for example on the side facing the first longitudinal side 230.
• the loading device 210 can have a second stone storage unit 335 and a fifth lifting unit 340.
• the second stone storage unit 335 can be arranged on a transverse side of the support 315 facing away from the first stone storage unit 305.
• the second stone storage unit 335 is arranged transversely, for example, between the second longitudinal side 235 and the support 315, and is preferably aligned transversely with the third roller conveyor 280.
• the second stone storage unit 335 can be configured identically to the first stone storage unit 305.
• the second stone storage unit 335 has a second compartment arrangement of second storage compartments 345, which are arranged one above the other in a stack in the z-direction.
• the second storage compartments 345 have a second spacing a2, which is preferably regular and essentially corresponds to the first spacing a1.
• the second stone storage unit 335 has six to fifteen second storage compartments 345, the number of second storage compartments 345 being identical to the number of first storage compartments 330.
• FIG 4B shows another perspective view of the in FIGN 1 to 4A system shown 10.
• both the first stone storage unit 305 and the second stone storage unit 335 are each moved to a lowest position, so that the uppermost first storage compartment 330 of the first stone storage unit 305 is essentially located in a first transport level of the second roller conveyor 275 and the second stone storage unit 335 with the uppermost second storage compartment 345 is essentially located in a second transport level of the third roller conveyor 280.
• the loading device 210 has at least one first slide 405 and preferably one second slide 410, wherein the first slide 405 is assigned to the first stone storage 305 and the second slide 410 to the second stone storage 335.
• the first slide 405 and/or the second slide 410 are movable between a first longitudinal position and a second longitudinal position. Both the first slide 405 and the second slide 410 are driven. In the first longitudinal position, the slide 405, 410 is located essentially outside the storage compartments 330, 345 of the respective associated stone storage unit 305, 335. Between the first longitudinal position and the second longitudinal position, the slide 405, 410 is moved along the x-axis.
• Each of the slides 405, 410 has several engagement elements 411, 412, each engagement element 411, 412 engaging in a corresponding storage compartment 330, 345 during movement along the x-axis. If a lining block 400 is located in the respective corresponding storage compartment 330, 345, the engagement element 411, 412 rests against the lining block 400 at its end face and pushes the lining block 400 out of the respective storage compartment 330, 345 on the side facing away from the roller conveyor 275, 280.
• FIG 5 shows a perspective view of the first magazine 125 of the in the FIGN 1 to 4B shown bricklaying machine 20.
• the first magazine 125 is configured correspondingly to the first stone storage unit 305.
• the first magazine 125 has a third compartment arrangement of first magazine compartments 350, wherein the first magazine compartments 350 are arranged one above the other in a stack along the first axis of rotation 120.
• the third compartment arrangement is selected correspondingly to the first compartment arrangement of the first stone storage unit 305, such that the first magazine compartments are arranged at a first distance a1 from each other in the z-direction.
• the first lifting cable assembly 135, comprising, for example, two first lifting cables 145, is arranged on the upper side of the first magazine 125.
• the first magazine compartments 350 are, for example, elongated, with the first magazine compartments 350 being essentially closed in the transverse direction to prevent a brick 400 arranged in the respective first magazine compartment 350 from falling out.
• the first magazine compartment 350 is preferably designed to hold only one brick 400. Alternatively, the first magazine compartment 350 can hold several bricks 400 arranged one behind the other.
• FIGN 6A and 6B each show a side view of the in FIG 5 shown first magazine 125.
• At least one insertion aid 355 of the first magazine 125 can be arranged on a magazine underside 360 of the first magazine 125, which is conical in shape and protrudes beyond the magazine underside 360.
• a first magazine guide 371 can be arranged on a magazine side surface 365, which extends between a magazine top 370 and the magazine bottom 360, and which extends essentially parallel to the z-axis.
• FIG 7 shows a perspective view of the in FIG 2 turntable shown 200.
• the turntable 200 has a turntable section 375, a turntable drive 395 and a second magazine guide 396.
• the rotary table section 375 has at least one receptacle 390, wherein the receptacle 390 is configured corresponding to the insertion aid 355.
• the receptacle 390 can, for example, be configured as a blind hole or as a through-hole in the rotary table section 375.
• the rotary table drive The 395 is located on the underside of the turntable section 375, on the side facing the underside of the turntable 385. The turntable drive 395 rotates the turntable 200 about the second axis of rotation 225.
• FIG 8A and FIG 8B Each shows a top view of the work platform 85 of system 10.
• FIG 9A and FIG 9B Each shows a schematic sectional view along a line in FIG 3 shown section plane CC through system 10.
• the ejection device 100 has a hydraulically, electrically, and/or pneumatically actuated first ejector 440, which may, for example, include a cylinder.
• the first ejector 440 may, for example, have a first plunger 415 that extends substantially in an xy-plane.
• the first plunger 415 may, for example, be cylindrical. In its retracted state, the first plunger 415 is located outside the first magazine 125 and, in its extended state, preferably extends substantially completely through the first magazine compartment 350.
• the first plunger 415 strikes the lining block 400 and pushes the lining block 400 out of the first magazine compartment 350 onto the support device 105.
• the support device 105 can, for example, be designed as an extendable scissor roller conveyor.
• the lining block 400 is guided on the support device 105 up to the lining 70 to be constructed.
• the first plunger 415 can engage in the first magazine 125 on one side and the lining stone 400 can be conveyed from the first magazine compartment 350 on the opposite side.
• the ejection device 100 in addition to the first ejector 440 with the first plunger 415, has a second ejector 445 with a second plunger 416, wherein what has been explained for the first ejector 440 also applies to the second ejector 445 and the second plunger 416.
• the second ejector 445 is arranged offset in the transverse direction (y-direction) to the first ejector 440 and is designed to eject bricks 400 from the second magazine 155.
• the ejected brick 400 is guided along the support device 105 to the bricklaying position. This is achieved through the use of a scissor roller conveyor.
• the radial extension of the placement device 105 between the magazine lift 95 and the new lining to be erected can be varied (see FIG 9A vs. FIG 9B ).
• the working chamber 80 of converter 40 is emptied, and both the upper and lower converter openings 50 and 55 are opened. Furthermore, the lining 70 is broken up and removed from the working chamber 80. The upper converter opening 50 and the lower converter opening 55 are opened to provide free access to the converter chamber 60, ensure adequate ventilation in the converter chamber 60, and remove the broken-up lining 70.
• a first process step 505 the lining machine 20 is moved along the rail track 35 under the converter vessel 45.
• the work platform 85 and the components arranged on the work platform 85 are retracted into the base interior 170, making the lining machine 20 particularly compact.
• In the transport position preferably none of the components on the work platform 85 protrude beyond an outer contour of the base frame 165, so that the lining machine 20 can be moved easily under the converter vessel 45 without the risk of components of the lining machine 20 snagging on components of the production plant 15.
• a third process step 515 following the second process step 510 the passenger lift 285 is activated and the passenger cabin 290 is lowered from the work platform 85, so that the passenger cabin 290 is again in the base interior 170. People can then enter the passenger cabin 290.
• the third lifting unit 295 then lifts the passenger cabin 290 until it is directly below the work platform 85. From there, the people can climb over to the work platform 85 via the ladder 300 (see Figure 295). FIG 3 ).
• a fourth process step 520 for example, the work platform 85 is rotated circumferentially about the first axis of rotation 120. This causes the work platform 85 to assume the working position circumferentially as well. Furthermore, starting from the first alignment position (shown in FIG 3 ) are rotated by a first angle about the first axis of rotation 120 so that the placing device 105 is reachable in the placing position. In other words, in the placing position, the placing device 105 is rotated relative to the transport device 185 by the first angle.
• the first storage station 240 and the first pallet transport unit 245, which are, for example, designed to be foldable, are unfolded so that the first storage station 240 lies outside the basic interior space 170 and the first pallet transport unit 245 connects the first storage station 240 to the first arrangement of first singulation stations 190.
• the first pallet transport unit 245 and the first storage station 240 are aligned such that the first pallet transport unit 245 ends at one of the first singulation stations 190 (see Figure 1). FIG 2 ).
• a first pallet 265 with lining stones 400 is placed at the first storage station 240 (cf. FIG 2 Additionally or alternatively, a second pallet 270 containing 400 bricks can be placed at the second parking station 255.
• a seventh procedural step 535 (see FIG 2
• the first pallet 265 is transported from the first storage station 240 to one of the first singulation stations 190 using the first pallet transport unit 245.
• the second pallet 270 can be transported from the second storage station 255 to one of the second singulation stations 191 using the second pallet transport unit 260.
• FIG 11A shows a top view of system 10 during an eighth process step 540 and FIG 11B shows a side view of system 10 during the eighth process step 540.
• the bricks 400 stored on the first pallet 265 are separated at the first singulation station 190.
• one or more of the first singulation stations 190 can be occupied by the first pallet 265.
• the clearance 250 allows personnel to stand between the individual first singulation stations 190.
• each of the first singulation stations 190 can be designed as a height-adjustable roller lift table. This allows the first pallet 265 to be raised or lowered at the first singulation station 190 to such an extent that the top layer of bricks 400 on the first pallet 265 is positioned approximately at the height of the second roller conveyor 275.
• the operator takes one of the bricks 400 from the first pallet 265 and transfers it to the second roller conveyor 275. Since the first singulation station 190 is preferably designed as a height-adjustable roller lift table, the operator can pull the respective brick 400 essentially in the xy-plane from the first singulation station 190 to the second roller conveyor 275 without having to lift the brick. This ensures ergonomic working conditions for the operator at the first singulation station 190.
• first singulation station 190 Because the respective first singulation station 190 is accessible from both sides, it is possible to access the material at either of the two singulation stations, in particular at the one in the embodiment of the FIG 11A At the central first singulation station 190 shown, two persons also singulate a first pallet 265 and transport the lining stones 400 from the first pallet 265 to the second roller conveyor 275.
• the second singulation station 191 which is preferably also designed as a height-adjustable roller lift table. This allows the second pallet 270 to be raised or lowered at the second singulation station 191 to such an extent that the uppermost level of the lining blocks 400 of the second pallet 270 is positioned approximately at the level of the third roller conveyor 280.
• singulation can also take place at the second singulation station 191, whereby the person standing in the free space 250 takes the respective brick 400 from the second pallet 270 located at the second singulation station 191 instead of from the first pallet 265 and transports it to the third roller conveyor 280.
• the second singulation station 191 is also preferably designed as a height-adjustable roller lift table, the uppermost level of the second pallet 270 can be adjusted so that, when singulating the second pallet 270, the person pulls the respective brick 400 in an xy-plane from the second pallet 270 to the third roller conveyor 280.
• singulation can also be automated, for example by means of a robot.
• the robot(s) can be positioned at one of the singulation stations 190, 191 or in the free space 250 to singulate the first and/or second pallet 265, 270.
• the use of a roller lift table at the respective singulation station 190, 191 can be omitted, since the robot can also be designed to lift the brick 400.
• the first singulation station 190 and the second singulation station 191 are independent of each other and the respective second or third roller conveyor 275, 280 is not blocked by the singulation taking place in the opposite transverse direction when singulating the first pallet 265 or the second pallet 270.
• FIG 12A shows a top view of system 10 during a ninth process step 545.
• FIG 12B shows a side view of system 10 during the ninth process step 545.
• the second stone storage compartment 335 is arranged relative to the second transport level of the third roller conveyor 280 such that a free second storage compartment 345 is located at the level of the second transport level of the third roller conveyor 280.
• the second stone storage compartment 335 can, for example, be moved by the fifth lifting unit 340, in particular raised so that, for example, the lowest second storage compartment 345 is located at the level of the second transport level of the third roller conveyor 280.
• the lining stone 400 can be conveyed simultaneously or at a later time from the third roller conveyor 280 (coming from the second pallet 270) into, for example, the lowest, second storage compartment 345 of the second stone storage unit 335.
• the loading of the first stone storage unit 305 and the second stone storage unit 335 is fully automated without any further manual assistance.
• FIG 14A shows a top view of system 10 after repeating the eighth to eleventh process steps 540 to 555.
• FIG 14B shows a side view of the in FIG 14A system shown 10.
• another lining stone 400 is thus separated, for example at the first separation station 190, and transported via the second roller conveyor 275 to the first stone storage hopper 305 and inserted into a free first storage compartment 330 of the first stone storage hopper 305 (cf. FIG 14B
• the already occupied first storage compartment 330 can be positioned below the now-empty first storage compartment 330.
• the second stone storage compartment 335 is filled with lining stones 400 in the same manner. The filling of the first stone storage compartment 305 and the second stone storage compartment 335 is carried out independently of each other and can also occur at different times.
• the singulation of the lining stones 400 at the respective singulation stations 190, 191 can take place simultaneously with the feeding of the individual storage compartments 330, 345 of the respective assigned stone storages 305, 335, so that a high clock rate is ensured and idle times are avoided.
• the eighth to twelfth process steps 540 to 560 are carried out until the first stone storage tank 305 and/or the second stone storage tank 335 are completely filled.
• a fourteenth process step 570 following the thirteenth process step 565 for example the first lifting unit 130 is activated and the first magazine 125 is lowered.
• FIG 16 shows the in FIG 15 The section of system 10 shown during a fourteenth process step 570.
• FIG 16 The diagram shows that only the first magazine (125) is discharged. Of course, it is also possible that the second magazine (155, shown in dashed lines) is discharged instead of or in addition to the first magazine (125).
• FIG 16 (as shown) by activating the second lifting unit 160 during lowering through the first and second magazine guide 371, 396 and is connected to the rotary table 200 via the receptacle 390 and the insertion aid 355 in a torque-locking manner.
• FIG 17 shows the in FIG 15 shown section of system 10 during a fifteenth process step 575.
• the assigned first and/or second lifting unit 130, 160 (in Figure 17 (concealed) such that additionally more of the first and/or second lifting rope arrangement 135 is unwound from the first and/or second rope drum 140 than is necessary, so that the first and/or second lifting rope arrangement 135 hangs slackly from the first and/or second rope drum 140.
• the turntable 200 is assembled together with the first magazine 125 and/or second magazine 155 (in Figure 17 (concealed) about the second axis of rotation 225 into the second alignment position of the turntable 200. This aligns the first magazine 125 in the x- and y-directions with the first stone storage 305 and the second roller conveyor 275, so that the first magazine is in the first loading position.
• the first magazine 125 can remain, for example, until the eighth to twelfth process steps 540 to 560 have been repeated until, for example, the first stone storage hopper 305 is completely filled with lining stones 400.
• the second magazine 155 is aligned with the second stone storage hopper 335 and the third roller conveyor 280.
• the fourth lifting unit 310 aligns the first stone storage compartment 305 in the z-direction so that the first storage compartment 330 is also arranged at essentially the same height as the first magazine compartment 350 in the z-direction. Furthermore, the fifth lifting unit 340 aligns the second stone storage compartment 335 in the z-direction so that the second storage compartment 345 is also arranged at essentially the same height as the second magazine compartment 372 of the second magazine 155 in the z-direction.
• a sixteenth process step 580 can be carried out.
• FIG 18A shows a top view of the in the FIGN 1 to 9 , 11 to 17 System 10 shown.
• FIG 18B shows a side view of the in FIG 18A System 10 shown during a sixteenth process step 580.
• the first slide 405 is activated and moved from the first longitudinal position to the second longitudinal position. In doing so, the first slide 405 engages with the respective engagement element 411 (in Figure 4B (as shown) into the respective first stone storage compartment 305 and pushes the lining stone 400 arranged in the first stone storage compartment 305 from the first stone storage compartment 305 into the aligned first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125.
• the first stone storage compartment 305 is emptied with all the lining stones 400 arranged in the first stone storage compartment 305, and the first magazine 125 is filled with the lining stones 400 from the first stone storage compartment 305.
• the second stone storage unit 335 can be added at a later time than the first stone storage unit 305 and the first magazine 125 by means of the second slide gate 410 and the second engagement elements 412 (in Figure 4B (shown) are emptied and the lining stones 400 present in the second stone storage 335 are pushed into the second magazine 155.
• the second magazine 155 is in FIG 18A Shown as a dashed line.
• first and/or second engagement elements 411, 412 engage simultaneously in their respective first and/or second storage compartments 330, 345, the first magazine 125 and/or the second magazine 155 can be filled in a single movement from the first longitudinal position to the second longitudinal position. This significantly reduces the time required to fill the first and/or second magazine 125, 155 compared to filling the first stone storage compartment 305 and/or the second stone storage compartment 335.
• the first and/or second stone storage compartment 305, 335 acts as a kind of buffer storage.
• the process can continue with a seventeenth step 585.
• FIG 19 shows an excerpt of the in the FIGN 1 to 9 , 11 to 18 system 10 shown after the sixteenth process step 580 and during a seventeenth process step 585.
• the turntable 200 is rotated about the second axis of rotation 225 and by the second angle from the second alignment position. Due to the torque-locking connection between the first magazine 125 and/or the second magazine 155 and the turntable 200, the first magazine 125 and/or the second magazine 155 is carried along in the movement of the turntable 200 and is also rotated by the second angle about the second axis of rotation 225 from the first loading position or second loading position, respectively.
• FIG 20 shows the in FIG 19 The section of system 10 shown after the seventeenth process step 585.
• the first lifting unit 130 is activated, and the first lifting rope assembly 135, including the additional slack rope of the first lifting rope assembly 135, is wound up.
• the first magazine 125 is then lifted and pulled into the lifting frame 150 on the work platform 85.
• the first and second magazine guides 371, 396 prevent the first magazine 125 from swinging on the turntable 200. This prevents the first magazine 125 from striking, for example, the loading device 210 or the first and/or second stone storage units 305, 335 during lifting.
• FIG 21 shows a perspective view of the area in the FIGN 1 to 9 , 10 to 20 System 10 shown after the eighteenth process step 590.
• the first magazine 125 is retracted into the lifting frame 150 to such an extent that the uppermost or the lowermost first magazine compartment 350 is arranged at the level of a third transport level 420 of the loading device 105 in the first unloading position.
• the first roller conveyor 425 and the second roller conveyor 430 extend to the second inner circumferential side 75 of the already constructed brickwork lining 70. Persons can move freely on the work platform 85 to the side of the first and second roller conveyors 425, 430, with the third transport level 420 being constructed essentially at the level of a top surface 435 of the new brickwork lining 70.
• FIG 22 shows a sectional view along a FIG 21 shown section plane CC through the in FIG 21 System 10 shown.
• first roller conveyor 425 and the second roller conveyor 430 are shown as examples. Furthermore, only part of the first magazine 125 is depicted.
• the lining stone 400 is removed by means of the first ejector 440 (cf. FIG 9A ) from the first magazine compartment 350 onto the first roller conveyor 425.
• the first roller conveyor 425 can, for example, be driven or can be designed as a non-driven roller conveyor, so that the person on the work platform 85 can pull the ejected brick 400 in the third transport level 420 onto the first roller conveyor 425 onto the top 435 of the already constructed brickwork 70.
• the first ejector 440 retracts so far that it is located outside the first magazine 125 and the first lifting unit 130 can raise or lower the first magazine 125.
• the first lifting unit 130 raises or lowers the first magazine 125 in such a way that the further first magazine compartment 350 is arranged at the level of the third transport level 420, and the first ejector 440 also pushes the lining stone 400 arranged in the first magazine compartment 350 onto the first roller conveyor 425.
• the first magazine 125 is emptied sequentially and, essentially simultaneously with the emptying of the first magazine 125, the lining is built up piece by piece 70 times.
• a second ejector 445 of the ejection device 100 is used instead of the first ejector 440.
• This second ejector is arranged transversely to the first ejector 440 and is designed to sequentially empty the second magazine compartments 372 of the second magazine 155 in the second unloading position of the second magazine 155.
• the lining stones 400 ejected from the second magazine 155 can be transported manually or by motor over the second roller conveyor 430 to the lining 70 to be constructed.
• the fact that two magazines, 125 and 155, are provided has the advantage that, while the first magazine, 125, is being emptied, for example, in the nineteenth process step, 595
• the second magazine 155 for example, is filled from the second stone storage 335 as part of the sixteenth process step 580.
• the two stone storage units 305 and 335 ensure that the personnel at the singulation station 190 and 191 can continuously separate the bricks 400 from the individual pallets 265 and 270 without having to take forced breaks while the bricks 400 are transported to the work platform 85.
• the stone storage units 305 and 335 thus serve as buffer storage and ensure a high cycle rate.
• the magazine 125, 155 comprising several magazine compartments 350, 372, ensures that sufficient brickwork 400 can be provided at the work platform 85 and that the personnel on the work platform 85 can continuously, without forced breaks for transporting the brickwork 400 from the base 110 to the work platform 85, construct the brickwork 70.
• excess brickwork 400 for example due to incorrectly supplied brickwork 400 or during the transport of damaged brickwork 400, must be transported from the work platform 85 back to the base 110.
• one of the first magazine compartments 350 of the first magazine 125 can be loaded with the brick 400 to be removed on the work platform 85.
• the brick 400 to be removed can, for example, be manually inserted into the first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125 via the first roller conveyor 425.
• the brick 400 to be removed can, for example, be manually inserted into the first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125 via the first roller conveyor 425.
• only the lowest or the two lowest first magazine compartments 350 of the first magazine 125 are occupied.
• a twenty-first process step 605 analogous to the thirteenth process step 565, the rotary table 200 is rotated around the second axis of rotation 225 into the rotation position such that the rotary table 200 and the work platform 85 are synchronously aligned with each other.
• FIG 23 shows a section of a perspective representation of system 10 during a twenty-second process step 610.
• the first lifting unit 130 lowers the first magazine 125 containing the lining stone 400 to be removed, for example, into the two lowest first magazine compartments 350 in the direction of the turntable 200.
• the first magazine guide 371 and the second magazine guide 396 are brought into contact, and the two magazine guides 371, 396 guide the first magazine 125 in such a way that the insertion aid 355 can engage in the receptacle 390.
• FIG 24 shows a section of system 10 after a twenty-third process step 615.
• the rotary table 200 is rotated back into the second alignment position. In doing so, the rotary table 200 takes with it the first magazine 125, which is arranged on the rotary table 200 and connected to it by a torque-locking connection.
• the first stone storage unit 305 is moved to a top position, wherein, for example, the first stone storage unit 305 towers above the first magazine top 370 with at least two first storage compartments 330.
• the placement device 210 can have a hinged third ejector 450.
• the third ejector 450 is folded from its folded-away position below the first storage compartment 330, so that the third ejector 450 and the first stone storage compartment 305 are at least partially overlapping in the z-direction.
• An overlap in the z-direction is understood to mean that when two components, for example the first stone storage compartment 305 and the third ejector 450, are projected in the z-direction onto a projection plane, which is, for example, configured as an xy-plane, the two components, for example the third ejector 450 and the first storage compartment 330, overlap in the projection plane.
• the third ejector 450 is height-adjustable in the z-direction, for example to reach the two lowest first magazine compartments 350. Furthermore, the third ejector 450 is aligned in the x- and y-directions with at least the lowest first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125.
• the discharge device 205 preferably comprises an incline-adjustable first ramp 455, a discharge conveyor belt 460, preferably a second ramp 470, and a collection station 465.
• the collection station 465 is in FIG 24 When unfolded, the first ramp 455 projects laterally, for example, beyond the second longitudinal side 235.
• the ramp 455, the discharge conveyor 460, and the collection station 465 can extend essentially in a transverse direction, with the first ramp 455, for example, being pivotable about a tilting axis 471.
• the discharge conveyor 460 connects to the first ramp 455, and the collection station 465 is located on the side facing away from the first ramp 455, approximately at the level of the second longitudinal side 235.
• the second ramp 470 can also be arranged between the collection station 465 and the discharge conveyor 460.
• the discharge conveyor 460 can, for example, be designed to rise towards the second longitudinal side 235, with the pickup station 465 being arranged in the z-direction below the end of the discharge conveyor 460 facing away from the first ramp 455.
• the second ramp 470 which is optional, can be arranged at an angle between the end of the discharge conveyor 460 facing away from the first ramp 455 and the pickup station 465.
• the third ejector 450 is activated and sequentially pushes the lining brick 400, located in the lowest first magazine compartment 350, out of the first magazine compartment 350. Subsequently, if another first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125 is moving with a lining brick 400 to be transported, the third ejector 450 can eject the lining brick 400, for example, from the second-lowest first magazine compartment 350 of the first magazine 125. After being ejected, the brick 400, for example, slides down the first ramp 455, and the activated discharge conveyor belt 460 transports the ejected brick 400 away from the first ramp 455, for example, towards the collection station 465.
• the brick 400 can slide down the second ramp 470, which is, for example, slightly inclined, and/or be moved to the collection station 465.
• the discharge device 205 can also be configured differently. In particular, at least one of the ramps 455, 470 can be omitted.
• the first ramp 455 can be pivoted around the pivot axis 475 in such a way, that essentially the first ramp 455 is positioned slightly below the second-lowest first magazine compartment 350, thereby preventing the lining brick 400 being conveyed from the second-lowest first magazine compartment 350 from falling further, and thus avoiding the risk of breakage of the lining brick 400.
• the first ramp 455 can be pivoted about the tilting axis 471.
• This design has the advantage that excess bricks 400 or, for example, damaged or broken bricks 400 can be removed from the work platform 85 in this way and do not have to be stored on the work platform 85.
• the rotary table 200 is rotated about the second axis of rotation 225 and by the second angle into the rotational position such that the work platform 85 and the rotary table 200 are synchronously aligned. During the return rotation by the second angle, the rotary table 200 picks up the emptied first magazine 125.
• the first magazine 125 is lifted by the first lifting unit 130 and retracted into the lifting frame 150.
• the third ejector 450 is folded in and the first stone storage 305 is lowered again in such a way that at least one of the first storage compartments 330 is arranged in a transport level of the second roller conveyor 275.
• the lining machine 20 described in the figures and in the methods has the advantage that the lining machine 20 ensures that the persons renewing the lining 70 on the work platform 85 continuously have a sufficient supply of lining stones. 400 are available and idle times, especially when working on the work platform 85, can be avoided. This has the advantage that the lining 70 can be stacked particularly quickly in the work space 80 and thus the downtime of the converter 40 can be kept to a minimum.
• the converter 40 or at least the lower converter opening 55, can be closed, and further steps can be initiated to put the converter 40 into operational readiness.
• the lining machine 20 can be stored at a distance from the converter 40 and can be moved back to the converter 40 or one of the other converters 40 via the rail track 35 for its next use. This allows for particularly quick repairs of the converter 40. For this purpose, the in FIG 10 The described procedures were repeated accordingly.

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  • 2024-06-13 EP EP24181863.2A patent/EP4663776A1/fr active Pending
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  • 2025-05-15 WO PCT/EP2025/063395 patent/WO2025256860A1/fr active Pending

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