Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
  • B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
  • B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
  • B66B11/0246—Maintenance features

Definitions

• a car for an elevator system comprising an interior space with a ceiling that limits the interior space in an upper direction, wherein the ceiling has an opening and at least one openable first cover for selectively opening or closing the opening and a closure for holding the first cover against at least one fixed or definable first counter element of the car when the opening is closed.
• an elevator system comprising at least one elevator shaft with multiple landing positions and at least one such elevator car.
• Elevator systems for transporting people and/or goods are an integral part of modern residential and commercial buildings.
• a typical elevator system comprises one or more elevator shafts, in each of which one or more cars are moved between landing positions by means of drives such as suspension drives or linear drives.
• elevator systems with load-bearing drives are known to be designed without the otherwise usual machine room located above the elevator shaft.
• the drive mechanisms for the elevator cars are arranged in the top of the elevator shaft.
• a disadvantage of the aforementioned elevator systems is that opening and closing the first cover(s) is usually quite complex. Furthermore, with previously known locking mechanisms, a secure closure is often not achieved.
• a known elevator car comprises an inner and an outer ceiling panel, wherein a rescue hatch is arranged in the outer ceiling panel and an inspection hatch opposite the rescue hatch is arranged in the inner ceiling panel.
• a cover for opening and closing the rescue hatch is arranged on the outer ceiling panel, and a cover for opening and closing the inspection hatch is arranged on the inner ceiling panel.
• the inner cover has a rotatable angle that, in one position, secures the inner cover to the inner ceiling panel and, in another position, releases the inner cover.
• the task at hand is to enable the simple and safe opening and closing of the cover(s) of a car as described above.
• a car for an elevator system having an interior space with a ceiling that limits the interior space in an upper direction, wherein the ceiling has an opening and at least one openable first cover for The opening has the option of being opened or closed and a closure for holding the first cover against at least one fixed or definable first counter element of the car when the opening is closed, wherein the closure comprises: a rotatable bolt arranged on the first cover, a bolt receptacle arranged on the first counter element with at least one first projection for engaging the bolt when the first cover is closed, wherein the bolt is subjected to force in a rotational position overlapping with the first projection, and a tool engagement facing the interior for rotating the bolt against the force out of the overlap with the first projection, wherein the bolt receptacle has an adjustment contour on an underside such that the bolt is rotated out of the overlap with the first projection by means of the adjustment contour by means of pressure against the underside of the bolt receptacle and can pass the first projection.
• ordinal numbers for example “first,” “second,” etc.
• first for example "first,” “second,” etc.
• second for instance to designate a component, an element, a process step, or a process action
• these ordinal numbers are solely for differentiation in the designation and do not indicate any dependencies or sequences. This means, in particular, that a device does not need to have a “first component” to have a “second component.”
• a device can also have a "first component” and a “third component” without necessarily having a “second component.”
• Multiple units of the same ordinal number can also be used, for example, multiple "first components.”
• an elevator system is designed, for example, with at least one, in particular vertical, elevator shaft and at least one car that can travel within the elevator shaft; however, it can also have several parallel elevator shafts and one or more cars per elevator shaft.
• a car is
• the elevator car is held and driven by means of a load-bearing element, wherein a drive device transmits a drive torque to the load-bearing element via a drive shaft.
• the load-bearing element is preferably connected to a counterweight associated with the elevator car.
• the drive device is particularly located in an upper section of the elevator shaft, the so-called head of the shaft.
• a load-bearing element is particularly designed as a rope, belt, strap, chain, or the like and carries tensile loads in the direction of its longitudinal extension.
• an elevator car is held and driven by means of a linear drive.
• An elevator shaft is a continuous shaft that extends over several floors and/or along several areas of a building and has a cross-section designed for the passage of the elevator car.
• An elevator shaft can extend vertically and/or horizontally.
• An elevator car is designed, in particular, as a cabin with four side walls, a floor, and a ceiling enclosing the interior, wherein at least one side wall is designed as an elevator car door or has an elevator car door.
• the interior is intended, in particular, for accommodating persons and/or transported goods during the elevator car's travel along the elevator shaft.
• the ceiling also forms the roof of the elevator car.
• the ceiling is designed as a suspended ceiling, with the roof formed above the ceiling, creating a space between the roof and the suspended ceiling, for example, for storing a maintenance platform and/or a ladder.
• the roof is preferably itself designed to be openable, for example, by means of a hatch.
• a cover is a flat element that, in a closed position, covers and seals the opening in the ceiling. In an open position, the cover exposes the opening.
• the cover is used for this purpose. For example, it can be completely removed.
• the cover is designed as a flap and can be pivoted between the open and closed positions about a pivot axis, in particular defined by one or more hinges. When pivoting from the closed position to the open position, the flap then passes through a section of the interior.
• a fastener serves to releasably secure the first cover to the first counter element.
• the first counter element is, in particular, a frame of the opening, with the fastener located on the frame and thus in the edge region of the first cover.
• the first counter element can also be a second cover, which is itself held to the frame, with the fastener on the second cover located in the edge region of the first cover.
• the fastener ensures that the cover is held to the first counter element in such a way that it does not detach itself and open due to gravity, and the fastener is manipulable in such a way that the cover is released for opening.
• a fixed counter-element of the elevator car is in particular a structural frame, a structural strut, a cantilever arm, or the like, and especially forms part of the supporting structure of the elevator car.
• a counter-element can be fixed to another fixed counter-element, it transmits forces to the fixed counter-element, at least for as long as the connection exists.
• the counter-elements ensure in any case that the cover is held over the closure on a fixed part of the elevator car.
• a bolt can be formed as a rigid component of any shape, conforming to the kinematic relationships between the parts of the closure described above.
• the bolt allows the first projection to engage beneath it. As the first projection engages beneath the bolt, the bolt rests upon it and prevents downward movement of the cover. If an overlap exists, it relates specifically to the relevant vertical direction. Two overlapping components cannot pass each other vertically as long as the overlap exists.
• the bolt receptacle is therefore preferably arranged off-center to the bolt's axis of rotation. so that a rotation results in an adjustment path of the bolt relative to the bolt holder perpendicular to the vertical direction.
• a tool attack is preferably designed such that only a tool corresponding to the tool attack can apply sufficient torque to rotate the bolt at the tool attack.
• An adjustment contour is designed in particular as an adjustment curve or adjustment ramp, so that when pressure is applied to the underside of the adjustment curve or adjustment ramp, i.e., when the bolt moves upwards towards the bolt receptacle, it slides up the cam and is thereby pushed out laterally, i.e. horizontally, from the overlap with the bolt receptacle.
• a force is applied continuously and is caused, for example, by a spring element.
• a force also includes a moment applied to the bolt, resulting in a force towards the rotational position at the intersection with the first projection.
• the bolt is rotatably mounted on the cover, whereby it is subjected to force towards the bolt receptacle and can be rotated away from the bolt receptacle by means of a tool, contrary to this force.
• the bolt is securely held against the bolt receptacle by the force when the first cover is closed, with the lower grip via the first projection reliably preventing the first cover from being opened.
• the adjustment contour ensures that when closing the first cover, only the first cover, and therefore the bolt attached to it, needs to be pressed against the first counter-element.
• the adjustment contour causes the bolt to rotate out of the overlap with the first projection, contrary to the force applied, without the need for a tool at the tool engagement point. Opening and closing the closure is therefore made particularly easy.
• the first cover can be designed as a pivotally suspended flap.
• the closure is preferably located on one of the pivotable supports, which is in particular a hinge.
• the first cover is formed and positioned on the opposite side of the first cover. In the closed position, the first cover is securely held to the ceiling on at least two sides, and it remains connected to the ceiling even when open.
• the car may be provided with a stop on the first cover for engaging the bolt in a rotational position overlapping the adjustment contour.
• the bolt In an open state of the first cover, the bolt is positioned by the stop in such a way that, when the bolt is pressed against the bolt receptacle, it engages the adjustment contour, thus enabling easy closing of the first cover without any further requirements or preparations.
• the stop serves to relieve stress on a component that exerts or transmits the force.
• the bolt may be provided with a first recess, the bolt receptacle further comprising a second projection for engaging the first recess when the first cover is closed, and the second projection lying within the projection of the first projection.
• the second projection then engages the bolt at the first recess in addition to the engagement of the bolt by the first projection, thus achieving a particularly secure hold of the bolt in the engagement of the projections.
• the engagement of the second projection in the first recess allows the bolt to be held against the bolt receptacle in at least one further spatial direction compared to the support provided by the first projection. This prevents, for example, the projections from slipping out of the engagement under the bolt if the first cover is deformed, especially if forcibly bent. Since the second projection lies within the projection of the first projection, the bolt, at the moment it is rotated out of the overlap with the first projection and can pass through the first projection, can also pass through the second projection.
• the first projection can be provided with an end hook for engaging behind the bolt. This further prevents the first projection from slipping out of the underhand grip on the bolt and consequently causing the first cover to open unintentionally. In particular, an unintentional Slipping out as a result of vibrations of the elevator car during operation of the elevator system is avoided.
• the bolt can be U-shaped in cross-section.
• the engagement by the first projection or the engagement by the second projection is then formed, in particular, on an outer leg of the U-shape extending vertically, which, due to its vertical extension, exhibits sufficient stability against unintentional deformation.
• the rotatable bearing of the bolt preferably engages the middle leg of the U-shape.
• the bolt is designed with vertical legs on both sides to allow the bolt receptacle to be positioned on either side relative to the bolt and can thus be used as a single component in various installation situations.
• a first recess is also preferably arranged on both vertical legs.
• the bolt receptacle can have a first projection or a second projection on each side to enable its use as a single component in different installation situations.
• the first cover may be provided with a protective shield surrounding the bolt to prevent manual access to the bolt area.
• a protective shield is arranged between the bolt and an adjacent edge of the first cover. This prevents a person's hand or finger from getting caught between the bolt and other parts of the closure, especially between the bolt and the stop, after the closure has been opened and the bolt has been rotated against the applied force, when the bolt is reset by the applied force. The risk of such an encounter is particularly high immediately after opening if the closure is located at an edge of the first cover and the edge is grasped to handle the first cover.
• the protective cover can be provided with a second recess for the bolt to engage when it is rotated.
• the protective cover can then be positioned directly against the bolt, with the second recess allowing the necessary pivoting range for rotating the bolt.
• the tool access point can be designed for use with a triangular key.
• a triangular key is also used in other maintenance-related areas of elevator systems, for example, for manually opening landing doors, and is therefore usually carried by maintenance personnel.
• a passenger in the elevator system does not usually carry a triangular key, so that unauthorized opening of the first cover is sufficiently prevented.
• the first counter element can be formed by a second cover, wherein the second cover can be selectively opened or closed by attaching it to a fixed second counter element of the car.
• Two covers can cover a relatively large opening overall, with each cover being significantly smaller than the opening for ease of handling.
• the second counter element is formed by the frame of the opening as a structural element of the car.
• the second cover can be designed as a pivotally suspended flap.
• the latch receptacle is preferably located on the side of the second cover opposite the pivoting suspension, which is formed in particular by a hinge.
• the second counter element may have third recesses, with the second cover having laterally arranged locking bolts for engaging these third recesses.
• the second cover can then be opened by means of these locking bolts, preferably by exposing an actuating mechanism or mechanisms for the locking bolts when the first cover is open. In the closed position, the second cover is securely held against the ceiling by the pivotable suspension and the third recesses, and in the open position, it is connected to the ceiling.
• a maintenance platform is stored in the area of the opening, in particular at the first cover and/or the second cover.
• the maintenance platform is designed, in particular, for setting up the maintenance platform within the elevator car interior. It is a flat element and, when assembled, possesses sufficient rigidity to allow a person to step onto it without significant deformation.
• the maintenance platform, or a corresponding maintenance platform element is mounted on the car's structural frame and can be assembled from its storage position near the opening by sliding and pivoting elements associated with the platform.
• Such a maintenance platform, stored near the opening can be positioned relatively low in the interior to advantageously create a sufficiently high fall protection barrier for a person standing on it, thanks to the overlying portion of the elevator car. Storing the maintenance platform near the opening saves space and keeps it out of sight during normal elevator operation.
• an elevator system comprising at least one elevator shaft with multiple landing positions and at least one elevator car as described above.
• the elevator system achieves the advantages described above with regard to the elevator car in a corresponding manner.
• the elevator system enables the simple and safe opening and closing of cover elements in the area of the elevator car's ceiling.
• a drive unit for propelling the elevator car can be arranged in the head of the elevator shaft. If the elevator car is then equipped with a maintenance platform that can be installed inside, the cover(s) must always be opened when maintenance is performed on the drive unit. The aforementioned advantages are thus particularly pronounced given the relatively frequent opening and subsequent closing.
• Figure 1 shows an elevator system 1 with an elevator shaft 2, wherein a car 3 is arranged to move vertically in the elevator shaft 2 between landing positions (not shown in detail).
• the car 3 is suspended from a suspension element 4, which is guided over several deflection pulleys 5 and a drive device 6 with a drive shaft 6.1 located in a shaft head 2.1.
• the suspension element 4 is also connected to a counterweight 7.
• the elevator system 1 includes a control unit 8 (shown schematically) by means of which the operation of the elevator system 1 is controlled.
• Figure 2 shows a ceiling 10 of a car 3 of an elevator system 1.
• the ceiling 10 has a structural frame 11, which is connected to other structural parts of the car 3 (not shown) and is therefore fixed to the car 3.
• the structural frame 11 surrounds an opening 12 in the ceiling 10, which can be selectively closed or opened by a first cover 13.1 designed as a flap.
• the first cover 13.1 is in Figure 2 slightly opened, i.e., folded away in a downward direction U from the opening 12.
• a closure 14 is also arranged on the first cover 13.1 and the structural frame 11, which is located in the Figures 3a to 3c is shown in detail.
• the Figures 3a to 3c show the shutter 14 in several positions, whereby the one by means of the Figures 3a to 3c
• the depicted sequence of positions corresponds to a closing process of the first cover 13.1.
• a bolt 14.1 of the closure 14 is arranged on the upper side of the first cover 13.1, wherein the bolt 14.1 is U-shaped and rotatably attached at its middle leg to a Figure 4
• the rotating piece 15, shown in more detail, is mounted on the first cover 13.1.
• the rotating piece 15 extends through the first cover 13.1 and forms a tool grip 16 on its side facing the interior of the car 3, here designed for a triangular wrench.
• the rotating piece 15 is further subjected to force in a manner not shown in detail towards the [unclear text] in the Figures 3a and 3c depicted position of the The bolt 14.1, for example by a spring element inserted therein.
• a stop 14.3 of the lock 14 is also arranged on the first cover 13.1, which holds the bolt 14.1 in this position in any case, as in Figure 3a depicted.
• the closure 14 further comprises a bolt receptacle 14.2, which is arranged on the structural frame 11 of the ceiling 10 opposite the bolt 14.1.
• the structural frame 11 here forms a first counter-element.
• the bolt receptacle 14.2 has a first projection 17.1, which secures the bolt 14.1 in the closed position of the closure 14 or the first cover 13.1, which is located in Figure 3c As shown, it overlaps.
• the first projection 17.1 and the barrier 14.1 overlap in the positions according to the Figures 3a and 3c , while the bar 14.1 can be rotated out of this overlap against the force applied.
• the bar 14.1 can then pass the first projection 17.1.
• the first projection 17.1 also has a chamfer 20 on its upper side, which is shown by way of example in Figure 3a
• the first projection 17.1 of the bolt receptacle 14.2, which faces away from the bolt 14.1, can be identified.
• the bolt receptacle 14.2 is formed with first projections 17.1 on both sides in order to be usable as an identical part on different sides of a bolt 14.1.
• the chamfer 20 counteracts the unintentional slippage of the bolt 14.1 out of the underhand grip of the first projection 17.1, for example as a result of vibration.
• Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the closure 14, which corresponds to the one described in the Figures 3a to 3c
• the closure 14 shown is essentially identical and is not described again with respect to its identical features.
• the bolt 14.1 continues to have a first recess 21.1
• the bolt receptacle 14.2 has a second projection 17.2 for engaging in the first recess 21.1.
• the second projection 17.2 lies within the projection of the first projection 17.1, i.e., the bolt 14.1 can be engaged in its Figure 5 In the depicted position, rotated out of the overlap with the first projection 17.1, both the first projection 17.1 and the second projection 17.2 pass.
• the second projection 17.2 engages in the first recess 21.1, thus providing additional security for the closure 14.
• this prevents the bolt 14.1 and the bolt recess 14.2 from sliding against each other in the longitudinal direction L of the bolt 14.1 and thus prevents the first projection 17.1 from disengaging from its undercut beneath the bolt 14.1.
• the in Figure 5 The first projection shown still features an end hook 22 for engaging the bar 14.1 from behind, instead of the chamfer 20.
• the hook 22 secures the first projection 17.1 against slipping out of the underhand grip, for example, due to vibration.
• the Figures 6a and 6b show a further embodiment of the closure 14, which corresponds to the one in Figure 5
• the closure 14 shown is essentially identical and will not be described again with respect to its identical features.
• the closure 14 further includes a protective cover 23 to prevent manual access to the area of the bolt 14.1.
• the protective cover 23 is arranged between the bolt 14.1 and a leading edge 24 of the first cover 13.1 and has a second recess 21.2.
• This second recess 21.2 allows the protective cover 23 to be positioned particularly close to the bolt 14.1, with the pivoting travel required to rotate the bolt 14.1 being provided by the second recess 21.2.
• Figure 6b shows a corresponding immersion of the bar 14.1 into the second recess 21.2 when the bar 14.1 is rotated.
• Figure 7 shows a further embodiment of a ceiling 10 in a bottom view, wherein an opening 12 formed in the ceiling 10 can be covered or closed halfway by a first cover 13.1 and halfway by a second cover 13.2.
• a closure 14 is formed between the first cover 13.1 and the second cover 13.2, as shown in Figure 1.
• Figure 8 This is shown in more detail below.
• the second cover 13.2 thus forms a first counter element. While the bolt 14.1 is arranged on the first cover 13.1, the bolt receptacle 14.2 is arranged on the second cover 13.2.
• the second cover 13.2 can then in turn be fixed to the structural frame 11, so that the The structural frame 11 forms a second counter-element.
• the covers 13.1 and 13.2 are opened, the first cover 13.1 is opened first by unlocking the latch 14, and then the second cover 13.2 is opened by releasing the second cover 13.2 from the structural frame 11.
• the closing sequence of the covers 13.1 and 13.2 is therefore reversed.
• Figure 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of the second cover 13.2, which has laterally arranged locking bolts 25.1, 25.2 that are designed to engage in third recesses (not shown) on the structural frame 11.
• the locking bolts 25.1, 25.2 can be unlocked by a cable 26.
• the locking bolts 25.1, 25.2 can be unlocked by a rotating element 27 extending through the second cover 13.2, as shown, for example, in Figure 1.
• Figure 8 The rotating piece 27 then has a tool attack facing the interior of the car 3, approximately corresponding to the rotating piece 15.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

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• 2024
  • 2024-06-20 DE DE102024117475.7A patent/DE102024117475A1/de active Pending
• 2025
  • 2025-05-22 EP EP25178367.6A patent/EP4667407A1/fr active Pending

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