Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B9/04—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
  • B66B11/0423—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated pneumatically or hydraulically
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
  • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
  • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
  • F15B15/16—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type of the telescopic type

Definitions

• the invention relates to a damping device for damping a movement of a transport telescopic cylinder, as well as a transport telescopic cylinder and a method for its operation.
• EP 2 862 830 A1 The document relates to a device and a method for moving a transport element of a freight or passenger elevator. It discloses a telescopic cylinder with several sub-cylinders, wherein a transport element can be connected to a free end of the telescopic cylinder.
• the disclosed telescopic cylinder comprises several sub-cylinders, wherein a so-called base sub-cylinder can be fixed in position (with respect to a reference coordinate system) during the extension and retraction of the transport telescopic cylinder, and the remaining sub-cylinders are moved, in particular sequentially, relative to the base sub-cylinder. These remaining, further sub-cylinders can therefore also be referred to as movable sub-cylinders.
• the movement of such a movable sub-cylinder is generally limited by stop elements formed by and/or arranged on the transport telescopic cylinder. However, if a movable sub-cylinder strikes such a stop element at a speed exceeding a certain threshold, this can adversely lead to wear of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the technical problem therefore arises of creating a damping device for damping the movement of a transport telescopic cylinder, a transport telescopic cylinder itself, and a method for operating a transport telescopic cylinder that...
• the previously described problems must be avoided, and in particular, impacts must be prevented when extending or retracting the transport telescopic cylinder at excessive speed.
• the technical challenge lies in addressing these disadvantages while minimizing the installation space required for the transport telescopic cylinder.
• a damping device is proposed for damping the movement of a transport telescopic cylinder with several transport sub-cylinders.
• the telescopic transport cylinder can be moved into a partially or fully extended state by an extension movement (extension) and into a partially or fully retracted state by a retraction movement (retraction).
• the extension and retraction movements can occur along a linear axis.
• the telescopic transport cylinder can comprise a number n of transport sub-cylinders, each consisting of a first transport sub-cylinder and at least one further transport sub-cylinder, wherein the at least one further transport sub-cylinder is movable relative to the first transport sub-cylinder.
• the first transport sub-cylinder is a base sub-cylinder.
• the base sub-cylinder can be attached to a foundation or a support structure. During extension and retraction, the base sub-cylinder can be fixed in position, particularly relative to the foundation or support structure, with the at least one movable sub-cylinder moving relative to the base sub-cylinder.
• Each transport cylinder section has a base-side end and a base-away end, with the two ends forming different ends along the longitudinal axis of the transport cylinder section.
• the base-side end of a cylinder section is the end of the section that is closer to the base cylinder section.
• the base-away end of the base cylinder section is the end that is closer to the base-away ends of the other cylinder sections.
• the base-side end can also be referred to as the first end.
• the base-away end can also be referred to as the next end.
• an inner cylinder section refers to a cylinder section designed as an inner cylinder and which can be arranged within the inner volume of an (inner) outer cylinder section.
• An outer cylinder section refers to a cylinder section designed as an outer cylinder and within whose inner volume an inner (outer) cylinder section can be arranged.
• An inner-outer cylinder section can be arranged within the inner volume of another outer cylinder section or inner-outer cylinder section, and can also accommodate another inner cylinder section or inner-outer cylinder section within its own inner volume.
• an outer cylinder section or an inner-outer cylinder section can be designed as a hollow cylinder.
• the transport cylinder sections have different, coordinated outer diameters that decrease with increasing order number.
• the individual cylinder sections move sequentially out of the next larger cylinder section in which they are located when retracted. Conversely, when retracting, the cylinder sections move back into this next larger cylinder section.
• Each transport cylinder section can therefore be assigned an order number that increases from the base cylinder section along the longitudinal axis of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the base cylinder section can preferably be an (outermost) outer cylinder section or a pure outer cylinder, wherein all other cylinder sections can move at least partially into an inner volume of the outermost outer cylinder section when retracted, and this pure outer cylinder cannot be arranged in an inner volume of another outer cylinder section.
• the second to n-1th cylinder sections of the transport telescopic cylinder can be inner-outer cylinder sections. These thus form both an outer cylinder section and an inner cylinder section.
• the nth cylinder section can be a pure inner cylinder, wherein no further cylinder section is provided that moves into or out of an inner volume of this inner cylinder. It is possible that the inner cylinder has no inner volume, i.e., is not designed as a hollow cylinder.
• the transport telescopic cylinder can comprise more than two, in particular more than three up to a maximum of ten, e.g., eight, partial cylinders.
• the ratio of the maximum achievable stroke length to the overall length of the telescopic cylinder in the retracted state is greater than or equal to ten. This advantageously allows for a good ratio of installation space to the maximum stroke length.
• the maximum stroke length here refers to the length of the telescopic cylinder in its fully extended state.
• the telescopic transport cylinder can have or form a mounting interface for attaching a transport element, particularly at an end of the telescopic cylinder furthest from the base, e.g., on the inner cylinder itself.
• the transport element can be rigidly connected to the end furthest from the base, e.g., via additional mechanical coupling elements.
• the telescopic transport cylinder thus serves to move the transport element upwards, particularly vertically, and in the opposite direction, i.e., against the vertical direction.
• the vertical direction can be oriented perpendicular to a (flat) earth surface. In particular, the vertical direction can be oriented opposite to the direction of a gravitational force acting, for example, on the transport element.
• the device serves to move the transport element both under load, e.g., when a load is arranged on/in/at the transport element, and under no load.
• the transport element can, in particular, be an elevator car or a part thereof.
• the proposed damping device is designed as a damping telescopic cylinder and comprises a set of damping sub-cylinders, including a first damping sub-cylinder and at least one further damping sub-cylinder that is movable relative to the first damping sub-cylinder.
• a first end of the further damping sub-cylinder can be moved away from a first end of the first damping sub-cylinder.
• another end of the further damping sub-cylinder can be moved towards another end of the first damping sub-cylinder.
• the damping telescopic cylinder can be moved into a partially or fully extended position by an extension movement and into a partially or fully retracted position by a retraction movement.
• the extension and retraction movements can occur along a linear axis. This axis can be oriented parallel or concentric to the linear axis of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the first damping cylinder section has, in particular at a base-side end, a mounting interface for attachment to a stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder, wherein the at least one further damping cylinder section has, in particular at a base-side end, a mounting interface for attachment to a movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the first damping cylinder section can in particular be a base cylinder section.
• the first damping cylinder section has, in particular at a base-side end, a mounting interface for attachment to a movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder, wherein the at least one further damping cylinder section has, in particular at a base-side end, a mounting interface for attachment to another movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder can in particular be the base cylinder section or a foundation mounting element or base section of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder can be a movable cylinder section.
• the fastening can be, in particular, a rigid fastening. Furthermore, the fastening can be a detachable or non-detachable fastening.
• the damping telescopic cylinder can comprise a number k of damping sub-cylinders, including the base sub-cylinder and further movable sub-cylinders.
• the number k of sub-cylinders of the damping telescopic cylinder can be equal to or less than the number n of sub-cylinders of the transport telescopic cylinder, in particular less than one.
• each damping sub-cylinder has a base-side end and a base-off-side end, which can also be called a free end, with the two ends forming different ends along the longitudinal axis of the damping sub-cylinder.
• the base-side end of a sub-cylinder is the end of the sub-cylinder which closer to the base sub-cylinder.
• the end furthest from the base of the base sub-cylinder refers to the end that is closer to the ends furthest from the base of the other sub-cylinders.
• the base cylinder can be attached to a stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder. During extension and retraction, the base cylinder can be stationary, particularly relative to the stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder, while at least one further cylinder moves relative to the base cylinder.
• Each damping cylinder can be assigned a number, increasing from the base cylinder to the last cylinder along the longitudinal axis.
• the base cylinder is designed as a pure inner cylinder.
• the at least one further cylinder can be designed as an outer cylinder, i.e., as an inner-outer cylinder or as a pure outer cylinder.
• the second to k-1th cylinders of the damping telescopic cylinder can each be designed as an inner-outer cylinder.
• all transport cylinders can be nested within each other in a known manner.
• the damping telescopic cylinder When the damping telescopic cylinder is retracted, the individual cylinders move sequentially over the next smaller cylinder. Accordingly, when extending, the cylinders move away from the next smaller cylinder.
• the damping cylinder sections have different and coordinated outer diameters, which increase with increasing order number.
• the damping telescopic cylinder can be arranged, in particular, within an internal volume of the telescopic sub-cylinder and then attached to the elements of the transport telescopic cylinder via the aforementioned mounting interfaces. Specifically, each sub-cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder can be attached to a corresponding element of the transport telescopic cylinder. This can also be referred to as the assembled state of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the damping telescopic cylinder is also extended or retracted when mounted.
• the second damping cylinder is designed as an outer cylinder, and the first damping cylinder is designed as an inner cylinder.
• the first damping cylinder can therefore be a purely inner cylinder or an inner-outer cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the second damping cylinder can consequently be a purely outer cylinder or an inner-outer cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the outer cylinder has an internal volume for receiving a section of the inner cylinder and hydraulic fluid, with the section of the inner cylinder being located in a first sub-section of the internal volume.
• the damping telescopic cylinder has or forms at least one flow-through opening for the hydraulic fluid. This at least one flow-through opening is arranged and/or designed such that, during the extension movement, a movement-related flow rate from the first sub-section is limited, and/or during a retraction movement, a movement-related flow rate from the remaining sub-section of the internal volume is limited.
• the flow rate can, in particular, be limited to a predetermined maximum value. It is conceivable that the flow rate limitation is provided only for one section of the retraction movement to achieve the fully retracted state of the inner cylinder.
• the flow rate limitation can be provided only for one section of the extension movement to achieve the fully extended state of the inner cylinder.
• Different limit values can also be provided for different sections of the movement. In particular, the limit value may decrease when approaching the fully retracted and/or fully extended state.
• the outer cylinder can be a completely closed hollow cylinder, preventing hydraulic fluid from escaping the inner volume.
• the outer cylinder can be a hollow cylinder closed except for at least one flow-through opening, allowing hydraulic fluid to flow in and out of the inner volume through this opening. This allows the flow rate to be limited to a maximum value that is lower than the maximum value for a hollow cylinder open at one end.
• a hollow cylinder open at one end can have a flow-through opening at the first end and/or at the far end. have a flow-through opening whose opening area is greater than 20%, preferably greater than 50%, of the area of the front face.
• hydraulic fluid can be displaced from the remaining portion of the inner volume of the m-th cylinder sub-cylinder, particularly into the first portion.
• it is moved relative to the m-1th cylinder sub-cylinder in such a way that the m-1th cylinder sub-cylinder is moved out of the inner volume of the m-th cylinder sub-cylinder.
• hydraulic fluid can be displaced from the first portion of the inner volume of the m-th cylinder sub-cylinder, particularly into the remaining portion.
• Such a volume flow between the sub-compartments can also be referred to as a displacement volume flow.
• At least one of the damping partial cylinders can be designed such that the displacement volume flow is limited as explained.
• the section of the inner cylinder arranged in the inner volume can have a first subsection which has a larger diameter compared to another subsection of the section arranged in the inner volume.
• Such a first section can, for example, be formed by an end cap located at the end of the inner cylinder that is situated within the internal volume of the outer cylinder.
• This end can, in particular, be an end of the inner cylinder furthest from the base.
• the end cap can seal an internal volume of this inner-outer sub-cylinder, in particular, but not necessarily, in a fluid-tight manner.
• the end furthest from the base of the inner-outer sub-cylinder can, in particular, be the end which, in the extended state, is still located within the internal volume of the next larger outer sub-cylinder, i.e., the end facing the outer sub-cylinder with the next larger diameter.
• the end cap furthest from the base can seal the internal volume of the inner-outer sub-cylinder in a fluid-tight manner, so that, in particular, no hydraulic fluid can pass through or between the end cap furthest from the base. and the inner-outer partial cylinder.
• a sealing material e.g. a sealing ring, can be arranged between the inner-outer partial cylinder and the end cap facing away from the base.
• This first section can separate the described sub-areas of the internal volume.
• the diameter of the first section can be smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder, thus forming a flow-through opening between the inner surface of the outer cylinder and the first section.
• the design of this opening, particularly its width and/or length, can determine the maximum flow rate between the sub-areas.
• the first section described above can have a flow-through opening between the sub-areas.
• the diameter of the first section is no more than 5%, and more preferably no more than 2%, smaller than the inner diameter.
• the diameter of the first section corresponds to the inner diameter of the outer cylinder or is designed in such a way that no gap is formed between the first section and the inner surface. This includes the case where a sealant is placed between the first section and the inner surface. In this case, the first section can have a flow-through opening between the sections.
• the outer diameter of a first subsection of the m-th sub-cylinder can correspond to the inner diameter of the inner volume of the m+1th sub-cylinder or deviate from it by no more than a predetermined amount.
• the first subsection of the m-th sub-cylinder can therefore slide along the inner surface of the m+1st sub-cylinder, and a gap may be formed between the end cap facing away from the base and this inner wall.
• a damping effect can advantageously be generated, which advantageously avoids abrupt changes in speed during extension and/or retraction, especially when impact.
• the flow opening is arranged and/or designed such that it allows a volume flow between the first and the remaining sub-section of the internal volume. This can also be referred to as an internal flow opening. This and its corresponding advantages have been explained above.
• the outer cylinder has at least one flow opening for supplying and removing hydraulic fluid into and from the inner volume, in particular into the first sub-section and/or into the remaining sub-section.
• the outer cylinder can, in particular, be an inner-outer sub-cylinder or an outer sub-cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the discharge can occur into an external environment, in particular into the inner volume of another outer sub-cylinder and/or into the inner volume of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the supply can occur from an external environment, in particular from the inner volume of another outer sub-cylinder and/or from the inner volume of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• Such a flow opening can, in particular, be referred to as an external flow opening.
• the damping telescopic cylinder is designed such that no, in particular no direct, flow of fluid between the first and the remaining section of the internal volume is permitted, i.e., no internal flow opening is formed between the inner and outer cylinders.
• the diameter of the previously described first section of the inner cylinder can be equal to the diameter of the internal volume of the outer cylinder, thus preventing hydraulic fluid from flowing between the inner wall and the first section.
• the diameters can be unequal, with a sealing element, e.g., a sealing ring, arranged between the inner surface and the first section.
• This sealing element can, for example, be located on the first section.
• the sealing element can be arranged or designed in such a way that no hydraulic fluid can flow between the inner wall and the first section, i.e., no displacement flow of fluid is permitted. This prevents displacement flow of fluid between different sections of the internal volume.
• the damping telescopic cylinder is preferably designed such that it has or forms at least one internal flow opening and at least one, preferably several, external flow openings.
• hydraulic fluid can be discharged from the remaining portion of the outer cylinder's internal volume through an external flow opening, either additionally or alternatively to a flow through an internal flow opening.
• the outer cylinder is an m-th damping sub-cylinder and designed as an inner-outer sub-cylinder
• the hydraulic fluid can be discharged, in particular, into the internal volume of the m+1th damping sub-cylinder and/or the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the design and/or arrangement of such an external flow opening can determine the maximum flow rate of the discharged hydraulic fluid. Limiting this discharge flow rate advantageously creates a damping effect, thereby preventing abrupt changes in speed during retraction, especially at the end stop.
• hydraulic fluid can be discharged from the first section of the outer cylinder's internal volume through an external flow opening, either additionally or alternatively to a flow through an internal flow opening.
• the inner cylinder is an m-th damping sub-cylinder and designed as an inner-outer sub-cylinder
• the hydraulic fluid can be discharged, in particular, into the internal volume of the m-1st damping sub-cylinder and/or the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the design and/or arrangement of such an external flow opening can determine the maximum flow rate of the discharged hydraulic fluid. Limiting this discharge flow rate advantageously creates a damping effect, which effectively prevents abrupt changes in speed during extension, especially at the end stop.
• the at least one flow opening is arranged at a further end of an inner-outer partial cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the inner-outer partial cylinder can, in particular, be designed as a hollow cylinder.
• the flow opening can be arranged in an end face at the further end. This has been explained above.
• the further end can be an end facing away from the base.
• the previously described first subsection of the inner-outer partial cylinder which is arranged in the inner volume of the (inner-)outer partial cylinder with the next larger diameter, can also be arranged or formed.
• an end cap also known as a base-end end cap
• the base-end end cap of the at least one inner-outer cylinder section has a flow opening, or the flow opening is formed between the at least one inner-outer cylinder section and the end cap.
• This allows hydraulic fluid to be drained from or supplied to the internal volume of this cylinder section, especially from/into the remaining portion of the internal volume of another cylinder section.
• This advantageously results in a simple-to-manufacture through-opening for a supply and/or discharge flow.
• the through-opening can be designed such that the supply and/or discharge flow is limited.
• such a base-facing end cap has or forms an internal through-opening through which, during insertion and retraction, a displacement volume flow is permitted between different sub-areas of the internal volume of the partial cylinder in whose internal volume the base-facing end cap is arranged.
• a base-facing end cap is also arranged at the end opposite the base of the inner sub-cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder, i.e., the first damping sub-cylinder.
• This end cap can, in particular, form the first section of the inner sub-cylinder located within the inner volume of the sub-cylinder with the next larger diameter, i.e., the second damping sub-cylinder.
• a base-facing end cap is also arranged at the end opposite the base of the outer sub-cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder. The base-facing end of the outer sub-cylinder is the free end of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the at least one flow opening is arranged at a first end of an outer partial cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the outer partial cylinder can, in particular, be designed as a hollow cylinder.
• the outer partial cylinder can be a purely outer partial cylinder or an inner-outer partial cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• the flow opening can be arranged in an end face at the first end. This has been explained above.
• the other end can be a base-side end.
• a base-side end cap can be arranged at the base end of an outer cylinder section, wherein the base-side end cap of the at least one outer cylinder section has a flow opening, or the flow opening is formed between the at least one outer cylinder section and the base-side end cap.
• the base end in particular the base end cap, may have a through-opening through which an inner partial cylinder extends, arranged within the inner volume of the outer partial cylinder.
• This through-opening may be dimensioned such that a gap is formed between the partial cylinder and the base end cap, forming the flow opening or part thereof.
• a sealing element such as a sealing ring, may be provided that prevents an inflow and/or outflow through the gap described.
• the flow opening may be located elsewhere on the base end, particularly on the base end cap.
• the at least one flow opening is arranged in a section of the outer shell of the damping telescopic cylinder.
• a flow opening is in the form of an elongated slot.
• the outer partial cylinder and the inner partial cylinder arranged within its inner volume are designed such that no or only a very small displacement volume flow is possible between different sub-regions of the inner volume of the outer partial cylinder.
• the outer shell section of the at least one outer partial cylinder has at least two flow openings, with a first flow opening being arranged in a first longitudinal half of the shell section and a further flow opening in a second longitudinal half.
• the flow openings can be geometrically identical or different from each other.
• the distance between the first flow opening and the free end and/or the distance between the further flow opening and the further end along a longitudinal axis of the at least one outer partial cylinder is at least 5% of the total length of the outer partial cylinder.
• this flow-through opening in particular the first flow-through opening described above, can be arranged such that, during a retraction movement up to a predetermined distance between the far end of the outer partial cylinder and the far end of the inner partial cylinder, which is arranged in the inner volume of the outer partial cylinder, hydraulic fluid can be discharged through the flow-through opening. If the predetermined distance is reached or fallen below, the flow-through opening can be closed by the inner partial cylinder, in particular by its first partial section or its end cap facing away from the base. In this case, the discharge volume flow through the flow-through opening in the outer shell section can be reduced or prevented. This advantageously results in an increased damping effect, particularly when approaching a stop.
• this flow opening in particular the described second flow opening, can be arranged such that during an extension movement up to a predetermined distance between the first end of the outer partial cylinder and the further end of the inner partial cylinder, which is arranged in the inner volume of the outer partial cylinder, Hydraulic fluid can be discharged through the flow opening. If the predetermined distance is reached or fallen below, the flow opening can be closed by the inner cylinder section, in particular by its first section or its end cap facing away from the base. In this case, the discharge volume flow through the flow opening in the cylinder section can be reduced or prevented. This also advantageously increases the damping effect, especially when approaching a stop.
• the flow openings are designed as elongated holes. This advantageously allows for particularly simple manufacturing of the flow opening(s).
• the mounting interface of the additional damping cylinder is arranged at the first end of the additional damping cylinder.
• the mounting interface can be formed by the additional damping cylinder itself.
• a base-side end cap, as described above, which is arranged at the first end of the additional damping cylinder, can have or form at least part of the mounting interface.
• the base-side end cap is not located within the internal volume of a larger outer cylinder, even during extension or retraction.
• the base-side end cap can have or form a threaded section, in particular an external threaded section, for screwing the base-side end cap into the additional damping cylinder.
• the additional damping cylinder can have a corresponding threaded section, in particular an internal threaded section.
• the base-side end cap can have or form a head section, wherein the outer diameter of the head section is larger than the outer diameter of the threaded section.
• a component of the transport telescopic cylinder in particular an end plate, can be screwed onto the outer partial cylinder via a base end cap designed in this way.
• the end plate can have a through-opening through which the threaded section extends. This advantageously results in a simple attachment of a partial cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder to the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the outer cylinder and/or the inner cylinder can in particular be designed such that they have or form an internal flow opening and thus enable a displacement volume flow between different sub-areas of the inner volume during an extension or retraction movement.
• the external flow opening(s) can be arranged at the first end, in a shell section or at the far end of the outer cylinder.
• a further proposal is a transport telescopic cylinder with several transport sub-cylinders, wherein the transport telescopic cylinder comprises a damping device according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure, wherein the sub-cylinders of the damping device are arranged in an inner volume of the transport telescopic cylinder, wherein the first damping sub-cylinder of the damping device, in particular its base-side end, is attached to a stationary or movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder, wherein the further damping sub-cylinder of the damping device, in particular its base-side end, is attached to a (further) movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the corresponding mounting interfaces of the partial cylinders of the damping telescopic cylinder can be arranged, in particular, at the ends of the respective partial cylinders facing away from the base.
• a base cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder can be attached to a base cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• An outer cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder can, in particular, be attached to a movable cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• each This external partial cylinder may be attached to various movable elements, in particular various movable partial cylinders, of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the transport telescopic cylinder comprises a set of transport sub-cylinders, each with a base sub-cylinder and at least one movable sub-cylinder, wherein the base sub-cylinder is configured as an outer sub-cylinder and the at least one movable sub-cylinder is configured as an inner sub-cylinder or an inner-outer sub-cylinder, the inner sub-cylinder being arrangable within an inner volume of the at least one outer sub-cylinder.
• a base cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder is mechanically attached to the base cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder, with at least one outer cylinder or an inner-outer cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder being mechanically attached to the at least one inner cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the set of damping sub-cylinders comprises a number of k sub-cylinders, wherein the set of transport sub-cylinders comprises a number of n sub-cylinders.
• a partial cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder comprises an end plate, wherein the end plate is attached to a first, i.e. is arranged at the base end of the partial cylinder, with a partial cylinder of the damping telescopic cylinder being attached to the end plate.
• the end plate can be arranged in an internal threaded section of the partial cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder, in particular screwed into this internal threaded section.
• This internal threaded section can be located at the first end of the partial cylinder.
• the end plate can seal off an internal volume of the partial cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• a stop cap is arranged at another end of a transport cylinder section, i.e., at the end furthest from the base. This serves to limit the movement of the next smaller transport cylinder section arranged within the transport cylinder section.
• the damping device advantageously reduces the mechanical stress on the stop cap.
• a sealing element e.g., a sealing ring, can be arranged on the stop cap to seal an internal volume of the transport cylinder section.
• a further proposed method for operating a transport telescopic cylinder according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure is wherein hydraulic fluid is introduced into or discharged from an internal volume of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• the introduction of hydraulic fluid causes an extension movement, which can be dampened at least partially by the damping device.
• the discharge of hydraulic fluid causes a retraction movement, which can also be dampened at least partially by the damping device.
• the insertion and removal of material can be accomplished by operating a pump.
• a drive unit for the pump can be, in particular, a servo motor. This can be controlled in a known manner.
• the control can be pressure control and/or position control.
• the pump can be operated such that, during an extension movement, an m+1th transport cylinder begins its cylinder-specific extension movement before the m-th transport cylinder has completed its cylinder-specific extension movement.
• the pump can also be operated such that, during a retraction movement, an m-th transport cylinder begins its cylinder-specific retraction movement before the m+1th transport cylinder has completed its cylinder-specific retraction movement.
• a cylinder-specific movement of the m+1th cylinder is a movement relative to the m-th cylinder. This movement can occur between a fully retracted state and a fully extended state.
• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first partial section of a damping telescopic cylinder 10 according to the invention, which forms a damping device or part thereof according to the invention.
• This comprises a first damping partial cylinder 10_1 and at least one further damping partial cylinder 10_2, 10_3, wherein a second damping partial cylinder 10_2 is movable relative to the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 and a third damping partial cylinder 10_3 is movable relative to the second damping partial cylinder.
• the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 has a Fig. 1 Mounting interface not shown for attachment to a stationary or a movable element of a transport telescopic cylinder 1 (see Fig.
• the second and third damping sub-cylinders 10_2, 10_3 each have a mounting interface 20 for attachment to a movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1. These mounting interfaces 20 are each arranged at a first end of the damping sub-cylinders 10_2, 10_3, which are hereinafter also referred to as base-side ends.
• the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 is designed as an inner cylinder, wherein at least a section of the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 is arranged in an inner volume 21 of the second damping partial cylinder 10_2.
• the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 can be a purely inner cylinder, particularly if it is a base partial cylinder and is attached to a stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 can also be an inner-outer partial cylinder, particularly if it is attached to a movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 is an inside-outside sub-cylinder. This is arranged in an inner volume 21 of the third damping sub-cylinder 10_3, which in turn can also be an inside-outside sub-cylinder or a purely outside sub-cylinder.
• An internal flow opening 24 is formed by the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 and the second damping partial cylinder 10_2.
• This first flow opening 24 is formed as a gap between an inner surface of the second damping partial cylinder 10_2 and a first subsection 25 of the section of the first damping partial cylinder 10_1, which is arranged in the inner volume 22 of the second damping partial cylinder 10_2.
• the first subsection 25 has a larger outer diameter compared to a remaining subsection of this section. It can, in particular, be designed as a thickened end section.
• This internal flow opening 24 allows a volume flow between the first and the remaining sub-area 22, 23 of the internal volume 22 during extension and retraction.
• the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 additionally has external flow openings 18, 19, 26, 27 for supplying and removing hydraulic fluid into and from its internal volume 21.
• a first external flow opening 26 is arranged at a further end of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2, which can also be referred to as the end furthest from the base.
• a second external flow opening 27 is arranged at the first end of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2.
• Further external flow openings 18, 19 are arranged in a shell section of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2.
• the first external flow opening 26 allows, particularly during retraction, a volume flow from the remaining sub-section 22 of the internal volume 22 of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2, in particular into an internal volume 22 of the third damping sub-cylinder 10_3.
• the second external flow opening 27 allows, particularly during extension, a volume flow from the first sub-area 21 of the internal volume 22 of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2, in particular into an internal volume of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the damping telescopic cylinder has or forms 10 flow openings 18, 19, 24, 26, 27 for the hydraulic fluid, wherein these are arranged in such a way as and/or is designed such that during the extension movement, a movement-related volume flow from the first sub-area 22 is limited, and/or during a retraction movement, a movement-related volume flow from the remaining sub-area 23 of the internal volume 21 is limited.
• the direction of an extension movement is symbolized by an arrow 2 and the direction of a retraction movement is symbolized by an arrow 3.
• This limitation leads to a limitation of the speed of movement of the transport telescopic cylinder 1, whose elements are mechanically connected to the damping sub-cylinders 10_1,..., 10_3 and thus to a (movement) damping effect.
• FIG. 2 Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first partial section of a transport telescopic cylinder 1 according to the invention.
• This transport telescopic cylinder 1 can be moved into a partially or fully extended state by an extension movement, the direction of which is symbolized by arrow 2.
• the transport telescopic cylinder 1 can be moved into a partially or fully retracted state by a retraction movement, the direction of which is symbolized by arrow 3.
• the extension and retraction movements can be performed along a linear axis, which may be oriented concentrically to a central longitudinal axis of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the extension and retraction movements may, in particular, be parallel to the direction of a gravitational force.
• the transport telescopic cylinder 1 comprises a base section 3, which can be attached to a foundation or support structure.
• the base section 4 has a through-opening 5 for supplying or draining hydraulic fluid.
• hydraulic fluid can be supplied to the internal volume of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 via the through-opening 5 and through the base section 4. This supply effect can cause an extension movement.
• a retraction movement can be effected by draining hydraulic fluid from the internal volume of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• a safety valve 6 of the base section 4 which prevents excessively high pressures in the internal volume of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the transport telescopic cylinder 1 can, in particular, have a mounting interface for a transport element, especially an elevator car. This mounting interface can be located at a free end 7 (see Fig. 3 ) of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• a first sub-cylinder 1_1 which can also be referred to as the base sub-cylinder, is attached to the base section 4 and is thus fixed in position relative to this base section 4.
• the base section 4 can have or form an external threaded section that can be screwed into an internal threaded section of the first sub-cylinder 1_1 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the internal threaded section can be arranged at a base-side end 1_BE of the first sub-cylinder 1_1, wherein this base-side end 1_BE is adjacent to a free (or base-away) end 1_FE of the first sub-cylinder 1_1 (see Fig. 3 The opposite end is designated.
• the transport telescopic cylinder 1 comprises additional sub-cylinders 1_2, 1_3, 1_4, 1_5, 1_6, 1_7, 1_8, where these additional sub-cylinders 1_2, 1_3, 1_4, 1_5, 1_6, 1_7, 1_8 are each movable.
• the outer diameter of the sub-cylinders 1_2, 1_3, 1_4, 1_5, 1_6, 1_7, 1_8 decreases with increasing ordinal number.
• the partial cylinders 1_1,...1_8 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 can also be referred to as transport partial cylinders.
• the first partial cylinder 1_1 forms a purely external cylinder, with all but the last partial cylinder 1_8 forming internal-external partial cylinders, and this last partial cylinder 1_8 forming a purely internal cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the first partial cylinder 1_1 is fixed in position relative to the base section 4, while the movable partial cylinders 1_2, ..., 1_8 move relative to the first partial cylinder 1_1.
• all partial cylinders 1_1, ..., 1_8 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 are designed as hollow cylinders.
• stop caps 8 are arranged, which form a stop element, particularly during an extension movement, for the partial cylinder of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 with the next smaller diameter.
• stop caps 8 can, for example, be screwed into an internal threaded section of the respective inner-outer partial cylinder 1_2, ..., 1_7, which is arranged at the corresponding free end 1_FE, ..., 7_FE.
• a sealing ring that seals an internal volume of the respective partial cylinder 1_1, ..., 1_7 and is arranged on the respective stop cap 8.
• An end cap 9 is arranged at a free end 8_FE of the last partial cylinder 1_8 of the transport telescopic cylinder.
• This end cap 9 may, for example, be screwed into an internally threaded section of this last partial cylinder 1_8, with the internally threaded section being located at the free end 8_FE of this last partial cylinder 1_8.
• This end cap 9 may have or form a fastening interface for attaching the transport element.
• the illustrated transport telescopic cylinder 1 includes a damping device designed as a damping telescopic cylinder 10.
• the damping telescopic cylinder 10 comprises, in particular, a first sub-cylinder 10_1, which can also be referred to as the base sub-cylinder.
• the damping telescopic cylinder 10 further comprises inner-outer sub-cylinders 10_2, 10_3, 10_4, 10_5, 10_6 and an outer sub-cylinder 10_7.
• the first sub-cylinder 10_1 is designed as a purely inner cylinder
• the last sub-cylinder 10_8 is designed as a purely outer cylinder.
• Each of the damping sub-cylinders 10_1, ..., 10_7 is assigned an ordinal number, with this number increasing from the innermost sub-cylinder 10_1 (i.e., the first sub-cylinder) to the outermost sub-cylinder 10_7 (i.e., the last sub-cylinder).
• the outer diameter of the partial cylinders 10_1, 10_2, 10_3, 10_4, 10_5, 10_6, 10_7 increases with increasing order number.
• the partial cylinders 1_1,...1_7 of the damping telescopic cylinder 1 can also be referred to as damping partial cylinders.
• the number of partial cylinders of both the transport telescopic cylinder 1 and the damping telescopic cylinder 10 is shown here only as an example. In particular, more or fewer partial cylinders than the number shown may be provided. Preferably, however, the number n of partial cylinders of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 is one greater than the number k of partial cylinders of the damping telescopic cylinder 10.
• the damping telescopic cylinder 10 can be extended into a partially or fully extended state and retracted into a partially or fully retracted state. The state is put into place. The direction of this entry and exit movement is symbolized by arrows 2 and 3.
• the first partial cylinder 10_1 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 is attached to a stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• Fig. 2 The figure shows that the first partial cylinder 10_1 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 is screwed to an end plate 11_1 of the first partial cylinder 1_1 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• This end plate 11_1 is screwed into an internal threaded section of the base section 4 and is thus fixed in position relative to the first partial cylinder 1_1 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the end plate 11_1 could be screwed into an internal threaded section of the first partial cylinder 1_1 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the end plate 11_1 has a through-hole through which an external threaded section of the first partial cylinder 10_1 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 extends, with this external threaded section being located at a base-side end of this first partial cylinder 10_1.
• the first partial cylinder 10_1 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 also forms a head section at its far end, which abuts the end plate 11_1 on a side facing the inner volume of the first partial cylinder 1_1 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• a fastening nut 13 which is screwed onto the external threaded section of the first partial cylinder 10_1 extending through the through-hole in the end plate 11_1 and, when tightened, rests against a side of the end plate 11_1 facing away from the inner volume, allows the first partial cylinder 10_1 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 to be attached to the end plate 11_1, and thus to a stationary element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the further inner-outer partial cylinders 1_2, ..., 1_7 of the transport telescopic cylinder 10 each have internal threaded sections 14 at their base-side ends, into which end plates 15 are screwed.
• Each of the further (inner-)outer partial cylinders 10_2, ..., 10_7 of the damping telescopic cylinder 10 is attached to one of these end plates 15 and thus to a movable element of the transport telescopic cylinder 1.
• the inner-outer partial cylinders 10_2, ..., 10_7 each have internal threaded sections at their base ends for screwing in a base end cap 16. which are screwed to end plates 15.
• the end plates 15 each have through-openings through which hydraulic fluid can be supplied to or discharged from the inner volumes of the respective transport sub-cylinders 1_2, ..., 1_8. Furthermore, each end plate 15 has a through-opening, particularly a central one, which serves to attach the (inner) outer sub-cylinders 10_2, ..., 10_7 to the movable sub-cylinders 1_2, ..., 1_8 of the transport telescopic cylinder. Such attachment is described by way of example with reference to the second sub-cylinders 1_2, 10_2 of the transport telescopic cylinder 1 and the damping telescopic cylinder 10, respectively.
• the second damping sub-cylinder has a base-side end cap 16 at one end.
• This base-side end cap 16 comprises a head section and an external thread section, as well as a through-opening for receiving the first partial cylinder 10_1, which, in the assembled state, extends through this through-opening of the base-side end cap 16.
• the base-side end cap 16 in particular its internal thread section, extends through the central through-opening of the end plate 15, which is attached to the second transport partial cylinder 1_2, into an internal thread section of the second damping partial cylinder 10_2 and is screwed into it.
• the head section rests against an upper surface of the end plate 15 facing away from the internal volume of the second transport partial cylinder 10_2.
• the second damping partial cylinder 10_2 is mechanically attached to the second transport partial cylinder 1_2.
• a base-facing end cap 17 is arranged at a free or base-away end of each damping partial cylinder 10_1,...,10_7.
• the outer diameters of the end caps 17 facing away from the base of the first damping partial cylinder 10_1 up to the penultimate partial cylinder 10_7 are designed such that they correspond to an inner diameter of the outer partial cylinder 10_2, ..., 10_7 with the next larger outer diameter, or do not deviate from this inner diameter by more than a predetermined amount.
• the end cap 17 facing away from the base is arranged in the inner volume of the outer partial cylinder 10_2, ..., 10_7 with the next larger outer diameter.
• the end cap 17 of the last damping partial cylinder 10_8 has the same outer diameter as the last damping partial cylinder 10_8.
• the hydraulic fluid displaced in this way is forced through a gap between the end cap 17 of the fourth damping sub-cylinder 10_4 (facing away from the base) and an inner wall of the outer shell section of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5 into a further portion of the internal volume of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5.
• the design of the gap, and in particular its dimensions, allows this displacement volume flow to be adjusted, and in particular limited, thereby damping the starting movement and, in particular, restricting its maximum speed.
• the gap thus forms a flow opening in the damping telescopic cylinder 10 for motion damping.
• the end cap 17 of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5, facing away from the base has a flow-through opening (not shown) or that a flow-through opening (not shown) is formed between the outer shell section of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5 and the end cap 17 facing away from the base.
• Such an (additional) flow-through opening allows a discharge flow to occur during retraction, in addition to the displacement flow described above.
• the damping effect described above can also be adjusted by the arrangement and/or design of this flow-through opening.
• a base-side end cap 16 of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5, which is arranged at the base-side end of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5, can have a flow opening (not shown), or a flow opening (not shown) can be formed between the outer shell section of the fifth damping sub-cylinder 10_5 and this base-side end cap 16.
• This flow-through opening allows for a discharge flow (in addition to the displacement flow), through which hydraulic fluid can be removed from the described section.
• the damping effect described can also be adjusted by the arrangement and/or design of this flow-through opening.
• Fig. 4 shows a perspective longitudinal section through the in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
• the end plates 15 and their through-openings are particularly evident.
• Fig. 5 shows a perspective detail view of the in Fig. 4
• the longitudinal section shown is shown.
• a flow opening 18 is shown, which is arranged in a shell section of the second damping partial cylinder 10_2.
• This flow opening 18 is arranged in a second longitudinal half of the shell section.
• a further flow opening 19 can be arranged in a first longitudinal half of the shell section of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2.
• first longitudinal half of the shell section denotes the half of the shell section that extends from the base-side end of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 to the middle of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2, wherein the second longitudinal half of the shell section denotes the half of the shell section that extends from the middle of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 to the free (base-away) end of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2.
• the in Fig. 5 The flow opening 18 shown in the cylinder shell section serves to dampen a retraction movement. If, for example, a retraction movement is performed from the fully extended state of the damping telescopic cylinder 10, the distance between one end (farther from the base) of the first damping sub-cylinder 10_1 and the other end (farther from the base) of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 is reduced during this movement. Hydraulic fluid is then discharged from the portion 23 of the internal volume of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 located between these two ends through the flow opening 18.
• FIG. 6 Figure 1 shows a perspective detail view of a longitudinal section through a damping telescopic cylinder 10.
• a second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 is shown with the following dimensions in relation to Fig. 5
• the additional through-opening 19, already described, serves to dampen an extension movement. For example, if an extension movement is performed from the fully retracted state of the damping telescopic cylinder 10, the distance between one end of the first damping sub-cylinder 10_1 and the first end of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2 decreases during this extension movement. Hydraulic fluid is then discharged from the first sub-section 22 of the internal volume of the second damping sub-cylinder 10_2, located between these ends, through the additional through-opening 19.
• FIG. 7 Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a device 30 for moving a cabin 31 of an elevator.
• the device 30 comprises a first transport telescopic cylinder according to the invention and a further transport telescopic cylinder according to the invention. the in Fig. 7 is not visible. These can each comprise four to eight transport partial cylinders 1_1,...,1_8.
• a connecting beam 32 is mechanically attached to the free ends of the transport telescopic cylinder 10.
• the elevator cabin 2 is mechanically attached to the connecting beam 32.
• the device 30 further comprises a first guide device 33 and a further guide device 34.
• a movement of the transport partial cylinders 1_1,...,1_8 of the first transport telescopic cylinder 10 can be guided in and against a stroke direction of the transport telescopic cylinder 10.
• the stroke direction here denotes a direction oriented in a vertical direction z, wherein the vertical direction z is oriented orthogonally to a surface 35 of a mounting area, for example, the ground surface.
• the vertical direction z can, in particular, be oriented opposite to a direction of a weight force acting on the cabin 2.
• the further guide device 34 serves to guide a movement of the movable partial cylinders of the further transport telescopic cylinder 10 in and against the direction of travel.
• the first and the subsequent guide devices 33, 34 are designed identically, their design being in the EP 2 862 830 A1 is described in detail.

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• 2024
  • 2024-07-12 EP EP24188393.3A patent/EP4678580A1/fr active Pending

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