Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
  • E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
  • E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
  • E01C19/4886—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ for forming in a continuous operation kerbs, gutters, berms, safety kerbs, median barriers or like structures in situ, e.g. by slip-forming, by extrusion
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
  • E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
  • E01C19/4886—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ for forming in a continuous operation kerbs, gutters, berms, safety kerbs, median barriers or like structures in situ, e.g. by slip-forming, by extrusion
  • E01C19/4893—Apparatus designed for railless operation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a paver, in particular a slipform paver, with a machine frame supported by running gear and an installation device for installing material.
• Pavers are used for laying unbound and bound layers, such as asphalt or concrete.
• Slipform pavers which are equipped with a slipform, are used for laying concrete slabs.
• the well-known slipform pavers allow for particularly economical concrete placement.
• the concrete to be placed is either deposited directly in front of the slipform paver or conveyed to it from the side via a conveyor belt.
• the slipform paver can be equipped with a distribution device, such as a distribution blade or auger. After distribution, the concrete is compacted homogeneously using electric or hydraulic vibrators.
• the slipform then shapes the concrete slab to a defined width and thickness as it moves forward.
• Slipform pavers are, for example, from the DE 10 2011 101 944 A1 , DE 10 2006 010 793 A1 and WO 2012/155904 A2 known.
• the challenge lies in evenly distributing a sufficient quantity of material, such as concrete, across the paver's working direction.
• material such as concrete
• the material is unloaded from the side in front of the paver using an excavator, or delivered by truck and dumped in the direction of travel ahead of the paver. It is unavoidable that some material will accumulate, necessitating its even distribution across the entire working width.
• the EP 3 702 532 B1 This describes a paver with a distribution unit for distributing the material to be laid in a direction transverse to the working direction, which is arranged in front of the laying unit in the working direction.
• the paver has an upstream monitoring device configured to generate height profile data or signals that describe the height profile of the material deposited in front of the distribution unit.
• a control device interacting with the monitoring device is provided, which controls the distribution unit in such a way that the material is transported from a section where the material height is greater than a target height to a section where the material height is less than the target height.
• the DE 10 2011 101 944 A1 This describes a paver, in particular a slipform paver, which has a carriage attached to the machine frame by a linear guide, allowing the carriage to move in a direction transverse to the paver's working direction.
• Two distribution blades pivotable about a horizontal axis and spaced apart from each other, are attached to the carriage.
• the distribution blades are plate-shaped or scoop-shaped elements. By moving the distribution blades transversely to the working direction, the material to be laid can be distributed across the entire working width of the paver.
• the invention is based on the objective of creating a paver that simplifies the installation process and allows for improved distribution of the material to be installed across the entire working width. This objective is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1.
• the subject matter of the dependent claims relates to advantageous embodiments of the invention.
• One objective of the invention is also to create a distribution device that simplifies the modification of the machine frame to change the working width of the paver.
• the paver according to the invention comprises a machine frame supported by tracks and a material placement device, wherein at least one distribution device is provided which has a distribution element arranged in the working direction in front of the placement device for distributing the material to be placed in front of the placement device.
• the paver can be a so-called 4-track machine with a front left track, a front right track, a rear left track, and a rear right track, or a so-called 2-track machine with only a left and a right track.
• the tracks can be pivotally mounted on the machine frame so that they can be folded down by an angle of 90° into a transport position for loading onto a low-loader.
• the paver according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one distribution device has a distribution arm comprising at least two articulated boom components, wherein the lower part or foot part of the distribution arm is pivotably mounted on the machine frame about an axis that is substantially horizontal with respect to the paver's working plane, and the distribution element is pivotably mounted on the upper part or head part of the distribution arm about an axis that is substantially horizontal with respect to the paver's working plane.
• the distribution arm thus allows the distribution element to be moved in front of the paving device by pivoting movements of the at least two boom components, in order to distribute the material to be paved across the paver's working width.
• the working level of the paver is understood to be the surface of the structure to be erected, for example, in the case of a slipform paver, the surface of the concrete slab. If the For example, if a machine is positioned at an angle for the production of an inclined surface, the pivot axes do not correspond to the horizontal relative to the Earth's surface.
• Attaching the distributor arm to the machine frame means that the distributor arm is supported by the machine frame.
• the distributor arm can be attached to any part of the machine frame.
• the distributor arm can be pivotally mounted to a support of the machine frame, such as a longitudinal beam or crossbeam. Suitable brackets that allow the distributor arm to pivot can also be used for this pivoting mounting.
• the distributor arm allows the distributor element to move within a relatively large range of motion, enabling the material to be picked up and distributed across the entire working width of the paver.
• the distributor element can be moved not only horizontally but also vertically, i.e., up or down relative to the ground surface. This allows the distributor element to pick up and move the material not only from one side but also from above. This simplifies the distribution of the material across the entire working width.
• the control of the distributor arm of the distributor device of the manufacturer according to the invention can be achieved using the system derived from the EP 3 702 532 B1
• the known apron monitoring device interacts to control the distributor arm in such a way that the material is distributed in front of the paver.
• the known apron monitoring device allows for relatively far-reaching monitoring of the apron in the working direction.
• the advantages of the distributor device of the paver according to the invention are particularly evident, since its distributor device, due to the large range of motion of the distributor arm, It can also detect material monitored by the monitoring device that is relatively far from the installation device in the direction of work.
• inventions described below may include one or more of the features or combinations of features listed below.
• a feature designated by an indefinite article may also be present multiple times if the indefinite article is not to be understood as indicating only a single use. Designating features with a numeral, for example, “first and second,” does not preclude the possibility that these features may be present a further number beyond the number indicated by the numeral. In the description of all embodiments, the term “may” is also to be understood as “preferably” or “advantageously.”
• the paver features a special design for the distribution element that differs fundamentally from known plate-shaped distribution blades.
• the distribution element is a body shaped like a cookie cutter. Consequently, the distribution element is open at the top and bottom, bounded only by a surrounding, closed side wall.
• the shape of the cutter can be arbitrary, as long as the surrounding wall can be inserted into the material to be installed from above by a corresponding movement of the distribution arm or the distribution element in a vertical direction, and can be grasped and moved in a horizontal direction by a corresponding movement of the distribution arm or distribution element.
• the distribution element can thus be designed, for example, as a circular, oval, rectangular, or polygonal hollow body.
• a distribution element in the form of a hollow cylinder or a polygonal hollow body has proven effective, as it can be inserted or pressed into the material to be installed with relatively little force, similar to a cookie cutter.
• the distribution element of the The slipform paver according to the invention can also be a conventional distributor blade.
• the distributor element can pick up and move a specific quantity of material, determined by the volume enclosed by the distributor element.
• the distributor element according to the invention facilitates picking up the material to be installed at a specific location and moving the material to a specific location upstream of the installation device, since a specific quantity of material can be captured and cannot be lost during the movement of the distributor element.
• a ratio between the maximum width and maximum height of the distributor element, designed as a hollow body, of between 1.5 and 2.5, and particularly between 1.7 and 2.3, has proven especially advantageous for practical applications. Furthermore, it has proven particularly advantageous if the hollow body encloses a volume for receiving the material to be installed, which lies between 0.1 and 1 m3 , and particularly between 0.2 and 0.4 m3 .
• the distributor element can be designed as an attachment for the distributor arm, allowing the manufacturer to equip the system with distributor elements of different designs, i.e., sizes or shapes, for the respective applications. Suitable brackets for interchangeable mounting of the distributor element are state of the art.
• the range of motion of the distributor element can be further increased by making at least one of the at least two boom components telescopic. Compared to a distributor arm with non-telescoping boom components, at least one A more compact design can be achieved with the telescopic boom component while maintaining the same range of motion.
• the range of motion of the distributor element can also be increased by mounting the lower part or foot part of the distributor arm on the machine frame in a way that allows it to pivot about an axis that is essentially vertical with respect to the working plane of the machine, thereby achieving a further degree of freedom.
• the machine frame of the manufacturer can have a left frame section extending in the working direction and a right frame section extending in the working direction, and the machine frame can have a frame section extending transversely to the working direction, which extends between the left and right frame sections.
• the individual frame sections can in turn consist of several parts. Such a design of the manufacturer allows a distribution device to be attached to the frame section extending transversely to the working direction, centrally between the right and left frame sections.
• the central arrangement has the advantage that, with appropriate dimensioning, a single distribution unit is sufficient to cover the area in front of the paving unit across the entire working width of the paver.
• the paver can have two distribution units positioned at a distance from each other in the working direction in front of the paving unit to distribute the material to be paved in the area in front of the paving unit.
• the lower part or foot of the distributor arm can also be attached to the left or right side of the machine frame in the direction of work, for example directly to the left frame part or the right frame part, or via an intermediate part.
• a side arm of a drive unit can be attached in such a way that the at least two boom components of the distributor arm extend in a direction transverse to the working direction.
• a distributor unit on only one of the two sides may be sufficient to cover the entire area in front.
• a distributor unit can also be provided in the area of both the left and right frame sections.
• the frame section of the machine frame running transversely to the working direction can be designed with variable lengths in the transverse direction.
• Such frame sections are part of the prior art.
• the frame section can, for example, be designed so that it can be extended by means of suitable attachments or telescopic sections.
• the distributor device according to the invention which, unlike a distributor blade for covering the entire area in front of the machine, does not generally need to be mounted in a transversely movable manner, proves advantageous because a transversely movable carriage is not required, which would complicate the conversion work for increasing or decreasing the working width of the paver or necessitate further modifications to the machine frame.
• a first boom component is pivotably mounted on the machine frame about an axis that is essentially horizontal with respect to the working plane by means of a first piston/cylinder arrangement
• a second boom component is pivotally mounted on the first boom component about an axis that is essentially horizontal with respect to the working plane by means of a second piston/cylinder arrangement
• the distributor element is mounted on the machine frame by means of a third piston/cylinder arrangement. It is pivotally attached to the second piston/cylinder assembly.
• the control unit for actuating the piston/cylinder assemblies can be configured such that, by actuating a control element, at least two piston/cylinder assemblies are actuated simultaneously, causing the distributor arm to execute a predetermined movement.
• a control unit is understood to be a device that, in conjunction with a hydraulic unit, controls the flow of hydraulic fluid to actuate the piston/cylinder assemblies, for example, by controlling valves in a hydraulic system.
• two boom components can be moved in such a way that the distributor element can be moved back and forth in a horizontal plane without having to operate multiple controls simultaneously to operate each boom component individually.
• the control unit can be configured so that the distributor element remains in a predefined angular position, particularly parallel to the ground, during the swiveling movement of the distributor arm, in order to move the material. This simplifies the operation of the paver.
• Such control systems are state of the art.
• first and/or second boom component is designed as a parallelogram guide, so that the distributor element remains in a predetermined angular position during the pivoting movement of the distributor arm.
• FIG. 1 shows a slipform paver as an example of a self-propelled construction machine in a perspective view.
• the slipform paver has a machine frame 1, which is supported by a chassis 2.
• the chassis 2 comprises a front left track 3A and a front right track 3B in the working direction A, and a rear left track 4A and a rear right track 4B in the working direction A, all of which rest on the ground.
• the track 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B are attached to the machine frame 1 by means of front left and right lifting devices 5A, 5B and rear left and right lifting devices 6A, 6B, so that the machine frame 1 can be raised or lowered relative to the ground surface.
• the track units 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B are pivotally mounted to the machine frame 1, allowing them to be folded down by 90° into a transport position for loading onto a low-loader.
• the pivoting movement of the track units 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B is achieved by means of piston/cylinder assemblies 7, 8, 9, 10.
• Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows the slipform paver in the working position, with the undercarriages aligned in working direction A. The following description refers to this position. In this position, the front, left, and right side arms 3AA, 3BA of the front, left, and right tracked undercarriages 3A, 3B also extend in working direction A.
• the machine frame 1 comprises a left-hand frame section 11A in the working direction A, a right-hand frame section 11B, and a middle frame section 11C extending transversely to the working direction A.
• the middle frame section 11C can be used for
• the working width of the slipform paver can be lengthened or shortened.
• individual frame sections 11CA, 11CB, 11CC can be inserted into or removed from the central frame section 11C.
• the largely concealed installation device 12 is arranged for the production of a concrete layer for a roadway.
• Such slipforms are state of the art.
• the slipform paver includes a distribution device 13 for distributing the concrete to be placed in a direction transverse to the working direction A across the entire working width of the paver.
• the distribution device 13 is arranged in the working direction A in front of the slipform 12.
• Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the slipform paver with a distributor device 13 arranged centrally between the left and right frame parts 11A, 11B, which has a distributor arm 14.
• Fig. 2 shows the distributor arm 14 in an enlarged perspective view.
• the distributor arm 14 comprises a first boom component 15 on the machine frame side and a second boom component 16 at the free end of the first boom component 15, which are pivotably connected to each other about an axis 17 horizontal with respect to the working plane.
• the lower part or foot part 15A of the first boom component 15 is pivotably attached to a pivoting part 19 about an axis 18 horizontal with respect to the working plane, and a distributor element 20 is pivotably attached to the upper part or head part 16A of the second boom component 16 about an axis 21 horizontal with respect to the working plane.
• a first piston/cylinder assembly 22 is provided for the first boom component 15, the piston 22A of which is articulated to the pivoting element 19 and the cylinder 22B of which is articulated to the first boom component 15.
• a second piston/cylinder assembly 23 is provided for actuating the second boom component 16, the cylinder 23A of which is articulated to the first boom component 15 and the piston 23B of which is articulated to the second boom component 16.
• the distributor element 20 can be pivoted by retracting or extending the piston 24A of a third piston/cylinder assembly 24, whose cylinder 24B is articulated to the second boom component 16, via a lever mechanism 27 comprising two levers 25, 26, which is designed such that the rotation angle of the distributor element 20 is reduced and the working torque is increased.
• a cylinder of the piston/cylinder assembly can also be articulated to the respective parts, or vice versa.
• the Fig. 3A shows the distributor element in perspective view and Fig. 3B in a top view, enlarged.
• Figures 3C and 3D show different side views of the distributor element from the direction of arrow I ( Fig. 3C ) and II ( Fig. 3D ) from Fig. 1
• the distributor element 20 is designed in the form of a cutter, with which material, in particular concrete, located on the ground surface can be picked up and moved.
• the distributor element 20 is designed as a polygonal hollow body, which is open at its top and bottom.
• the side wall 20A of the hollow body can be manufactured relatively easily from several rectangular steel plates that are welded together.
• the hollow body can also be, for example, a hollow cylinder.
• the distributor element 20 is articulatedly attached to the second boom component 16 by a bracket 20B, which comprises two adjacent brackets 20BA spanning the hollow body.
• the structure is further reinforced by lateral supports 20BB, which engage the brackets 20BA and the side wall 20A.
• the swivel part 19 is attached to a console 29 ( Fig. 1 ) pivotably mounted about an axis 30 vertical with respect to the working plane, which is arranged on the machine frame 1 centrally between the left and right frame parts 11A, 11B.
• a console 29 Fig. 1
• the piston 31A of a fourth piston/cylinder assembly 31 engages, and on the left side of the console 29 in the working direction A, the piston 32A of a fifth piston/cylinder assembly 32 engages.
• the in Fig. 1 The cylinders of the piston/cylinder assemblies 31 and 32, which are concealed by other components, are connected to a frame part of the machine frame 1.
• the pivoting part 29 can be pivoted to the right or left side in the working direction A.
• the pistons and cylinders can be interchanged when mounting the piston/cylinder assembly.
• Fig. 4 shows a highly simplified schematic representation of the slipform paver from Fig. 1 In a top view, the corresponding parts are designated with the same reference numerals.
• the front side arms 3AA, 3BA of the running gear 3A to 4B, located in the working direction A, are in the working position.
• the centrally arranged distributor arm 14 of the distributor unit 13 can be pivoted to both sides within a wide range of motion B from a starting position extending in the working direction A.
• the range of motion B, or working range, of the distributor arm 14 is limited by the length of the boom components 15, 16 and their pivot angle. An even greater range of motion can be achieved by designing at least one boom component 15, 16 as a telescopic boom component.
• FIG. 5 Figure 1 shows a highly simplified schematic representation of the slipform paver, in which the first boom component 15 is telescopic. The corresponding parts are again labeled with the same reference numerals.
• the first boom component 15 consists of at least two interlocking hollow profiles 15A, 15B, which are connected by one or more Fig. 5 Only schematically represented piston/cylinder arrangements 15C can be extended and retracted to increase or decrease the range of motion B.
• Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment that differs from the embodiment of Fig. 4 or 5, in that instead of a central distributor 13, two eccentrically spaced distributors 13' and 13" are attached to the central frame section 11C of the machine frame 1.
• the corresponding parts are again designated with the same reference numerals.
• the distributor arms 14', 14" of both distributors 13', 13" are pivotably mounted on the machine frame 1 about a horizontal axis 30', 30". This embodiment allows a relatively large working range even if the boom components 15', 15", 16', 16", of the distributor arms 14', 14" are relatively short.
• the embodiments described above have the advantage that a relatively large working area can be created without the need for a linear guide, which is required in a conventional spreading device that has a spreading blade that moves across the entire working width of the slipform paver to pick up the material. Since a linear guide is not required, the width of the machine frame can be relatively easily increased or decreased.
• Fig. 7 shows an alternative embodiment that differs from the embodiment of Fig. 6 differs in that instead of the two off-center distribution devices arranged at a distance from each other, there is only one A distributor unit 13 is provided, which, however, is movable in a direction transverse to the working direction A of the slipform paver.
• a linear guide 31 with a slide 31A is provided on the central frame section 11C of the machine frame 1, which extends transversely to the working direction.
• the distributor arm 14 of the distributor unit 13 is attached to the slide 31A.
• the distributor arm 14 can be pivotally mounted on the slide 31A about a vertical axis 30′′′.
• This embodiment however, requires modifications to the linear guide to change the working width of the slipform paver.
• FIG. 8 Figure 1 shows a further alternative embodiment, which differs from the embodiments described above in that the distributor 13 is attached to the machine frame 1 such that its distributor arm 14 extends in a direction transverse to the working direction A.
• the distributor arm is attached to the inside of the side arm 3BA of the right running gear 3B on the right side of the machine frame 1 in the working direction A.
• the working area B can extend over the entire working width.
• This embodiment can also have a distributor 13 on the left side of the machine frame 1 in the working direction A, on the inside of the side arm 3AA of the left running gear 3A. If a distributor is provided on both the left and right sides of the machine frame 1, the entire working width can be covered even with relatively compact distributors.
• FIG. 9 Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of the control of the piston/cylinder arrangements of the distributor device 13.
• the control system comprises a control unit 33, which can form an independent assembly or at least partially be part of the central control unit of the construction machine (not shown).
• the control unit 33 can, for example,
• the control unit 33 comprises a general processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) for continuous processing of digital signals, a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an open-ended circuit (FPGA) consisting of logic elements, or other integrated circuits (ICs) or hardware components.
• DSP digital signal processor
• ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
• FPGA open-ended circuit
• a data processing program software can run on the hardware components to control the individual components.
• the control unit 33 interacts with a hydraulic unit 34 of a hydraulic system, which in turn interacts with the piston/cylinder assemblies 22, 23, 24, 31, 32 of the distributor device 13, so that the piston/cylinder assemblies are actuated depending on control commands from the control unit.
• the control unit includes an input unit 35 for the machine operator, which may include at least one switch 35A, push button 35B, joystick 35C, or touchscreen 35D.
• the input unit 35 is connected to the control unit 33 via a control line 36, which receives the output signals from the input unit.
• the control unit 33 is configured such that the relevant piston/cylinder assemblies 22, 23, 24, 31, 32 are controlled, depending on the output signals of the control unit, which correspond to the switching positions of operating elements, for example, the position of a switch, button or joystick, or the inputs on the touchscreen, in order to raise or lower the first and/or second boom component 15, 16 and/or to pivot the distributor arm 14 to the left or right.
• the control unit 33 is preferably configured such that, by actuating a control element, at least two piston/cylinder assemblies of the piston/cylinder assemblies 22, 23, 24, 31, 32 are actuated simultaneously, so that the distributor element 20 executes a movement along a predetermined path.
• the first piston/cylinder assembly 22 and the second piston/cylinder assembly 23 are actuated simultaneously such that, when the distributor arm 14 extends, the distributor element 20 remains at a predetermined height.
• the third piston/cylinder assembly 24 can be controlled such that the angular position of the distributor element 20 is adjusted.
• the relationship to the ground surface remains unchanged regardless of the position of the first and/or second boom component 15, 16, so that, for example, the distributor element 20 always remains parallel to the ground surface. This facilitates operation of the distributor element 20 by the machine operator.
• the distributor arm 14 of the distribution device 13 can also have a parallelogram guide known to those skilled in the art, which is designed such that the cantilever components 15, 16 or the distributor element 20 perform a predetermined movement, for example, the distributor element 20 remains aligned parallel to the ground when the distributor arm 14 moves.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Paving Machines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Parent Applications (1)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=93291629

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications Before (1)

Country Status (4)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2023
  • 2023-11-02 DE DE102023130345.7A patent/DE102023130345A1/de active Pending
• 2024
  • 2024-10-24 US US18/925,294 patent/US20250146236A1/en active Pending
  • 2024-10-28 EP EP24209143.7A patent/EP4553227A1/fr active Pending
  • 2024-10-28 EP EP25223749.0A patent/EP4692458A3/fr active Pending
  • 2024-10-29 CN CN202422624043.9U patent/CN223458645U/zh active Active
  • 2024-10-29 CN CN202411524055.2A patent/CN119933000A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events