ES2121299T3 - Procedimiento de polimerizacion en lecho fluidizado de olefinas que utilizan ondas acusticas. - Google Patents
Procedimiento de polimerizacion en lecho fluidizado de olefinas que utilizan ondas acusticas.Info
- Publication number
- ES2121299T3 ES2121299T3 ES95304918T ES95304918T ES2121299T3 ES 2121299 T3 ES2121299 T3 ES 2121299T3 ES 95304918 T ES95304918 T ES 95304918T ES 95304918 T ES95304918 T ES 95304918T ES 2121299 T3 ES2121299 T3 ES 2121299T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- olefins
- fluidized bed
- acoustic waves
- polymerization procedure
- reactor system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1809—Controlling processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/40—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed subjected to vibrations or pulsations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
- C08F210/18—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
- B01J2219/00247—Fouling of the reactor or the process equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
- B01J2219/00254—Formation of unwanted polymer, such as "pop-corn"
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/901—Monomer polymerized in vapor state in presence of transition metal containing catalyst
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
UN METODO MEJORADO PARA LA POLIMERIZACION DE UNA O MAS POLIOLEFINAS EN PRESENCIA DE UN CATALIZADOR DE METALES DE TRANSICION EN AL MENOS UN REACTOR DE LECHO FLUIDIFICADO DE FASE DE GAS, EN DONDE LA MEJORA CONSISTE EN GENERAR AL MENOS UNA ONDA SONORA DE BAJA FRECUENCIA Y ALTA PRESION DENTRO DEL SISTEMA REACTOR, CUYA ONDA TENGA UNA FRECUENCIA Y PRESION SUFICIENTES COMO PARA RETIRAR Y/O PREVENIR LA FORMACION DE PARTICULAS EN LAS SUPERFICIES INTERIORES DEL SISTEMA REACTOR.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/274,840 US5461123A (en) | 1994-07-14 | 1994-07-14 | Gas phase fluidized bed polyolefin polymerization process using sound waves |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2121299T3 true ES2121299T3 (es) | 1998-11-16 |
Family
ID=23049819
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES95304918T Expired - Lifetime ES2121299T3 (es) | 1994-07-14 | 1995-07-13 | Procedimiento de polimerizacion en lecho fluidizado de olefinas que utilizan ondas acusticas. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5461123A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0692500B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP2978091B2 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE170535T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU686383B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9503324A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2153916C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69504438T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2121299T3 (es) |
Families Citing this family (69)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5969061A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1999-10-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Suppression of fines in a fluid bed polyethylene process |
| US5866661A (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 1999-02-02 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Ethylene polymerization processes and products thereof |
| FR2757784B1 (fr) * | 1996-12-27 | 1999-01-29 | Bp Chemicals Snc | Procede de traitement au moyen de vibrations de la paroi d'un reacteur a lit fluidise de polymerisation en phase gazeuse |
| US5912309A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-06-15 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Gas phase fluidized bed polymerization process using sonic cleaner with optimum design and operation |
| AU8488198A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 1999-02-10 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Low bed-level transition, start-up, and reactor residence time control using sound waves |
| US6635715B1 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 2003-10-21 | Sudhin Datta | Thermoplastic polymer blends of isotactic polypropylene and alpha-olefin/propylene copolymers |
| US6921794B2 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 2005-07-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Blends made from propylene ethylene polymers |
| US7232871B2 (en) | 1997-08-12 | 2007-06-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Propylene ethylene polymers and production process |
| DE19744710A1 (de) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-04-15 | Bayer Ag | Gasphasenpolymerisation in einem Kelchreaktor |
| US6977283B1 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 2005-12-20 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polymerization process |
| TW475934B (en) * | 1998-06-27 | 2002-02-11 | Basell Technology Co Bv | Process for the production of Α-olefin polymer |
| JP2002519497A (ja) | 1998-07-01 | 2002-07-02 | エクソンモービル・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク | 結晶性プロピレンポリマーと結晶化可能プロピレンポリマーとを含んでなる弾性ブレンド |
| US7354880B2 (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2008-04-08 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Catalyst composition and methods for its preparation and use in a polymerization process |
| DE69943133D1 (de) | 1998-11-02 | 2011-02-24 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Unter scherwirkung verflüssigbare ethylen/alpha-olefin/dien polymere und ihre herstellung |
| WO2000032652A1 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-08 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process to improve reactor operation |
| US6359083B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2002-03-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Olefin polymerization process |
| US6593267B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2003-07-15 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Method for preparing a supported catalyst system and its use in a polymerization process |
| US6933258B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2005-08-23 | Univation Technologies, L.L.C. | Catalyst composition and methods for its preparation and use in a polymerization process |
| JP2002265507A (ja) | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-18 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | オレフィンの気相流動床式重合反応におけるシーティング防止 |
| DE60238049D1 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2010-12-02 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Verfahren zur Polymerisation von Propylen und Ethylen in Lösung |
| AU2002344994A1 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2003-02-17 | Borealis Technology Oy | Polymerisation method and device for carrying out a polymerisation method |
| US6927256B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2005-08-09 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Crystallization of polypropylene using a semi-crystalline, branched or coupled nucleating agent |
| EP1444276A1 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-08-11 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Isotactic propylene copolymers, their preparation and use |
| US6914104B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-07-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for polymerization of α-olefin |
| US7579407B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2009-08-25 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Thermoplastic elastomer compositions |
| US7459500B2 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2008-12-02 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Thermoplastic elastomer compositions |
| WO2004094487A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-11-04 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Morphology controlled olefin polymerization process |
| JP2006522189A (ja) | 2003-04-03 | 2006-09-28 | バーゼル・ポリオレフィン・ゲーエムベーハー | 気相流動床反応器内における有機遷移金属化合物存在下での高分子量ポリオレフィンの製造 |
| US7393910B2 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2008-07-01 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Catalyst composition for ethylene polymerization |
| US20070073012A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-03-29 | Pannell Richard B | Method for seed bed treatment before a polymerization reaction |
| US7985811B2 (en) * | 2004-01-02 | 2011-07-26 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Method for controlling sheeting in gas phase reactors |
| US20050148742A1 (en) * | 2004-01-02 | 2005-07-07 | Hagerty Robert O. | Method for controlling sheeting in gas phase reactors |
| WO2005092503A1 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-10-06 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Aluminum phosphate-supported group 6 metal amide catalysts for oligomerization of ethylene |
| SG151301A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2009-04-30 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for ethylene multi- block copolymer formation |
| NZ549262A (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2010-08-27 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for higher olefin multi-block copolymer formation |
| SG151310A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2009-04-30 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for ethylene copolymer formation |
| WO2006020624A1 (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-23 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Supported bis(hydroxyarylaryloxy) catalysts for manufacture of polymers |
| US20060130870A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-06-22 | Ping Cai | Method for sonic cleaning of reactor with reduced acoustic wave cancellation |
| US6987152B1 (en) | 2005-01-11 | 2006-01-17 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Feed purification at ambient temperature |
| MX2007011337A (es) | 2005-03-17 | 2007-10-02 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Composicion de catalizador que comprende un agente de transporte para la formacion de copolimero de bloques multiples tactico/atactico. |
| US9410009B2 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2016-08-09 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for tactic/ atactic multi-block copolymer formation |
| MX2007011340A (es) | 2005-03-17 | 2007-10-03 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Composicion de catalizador que comprende un agente de transporte para la formacion de copolimero de bloques multiples regio-irregular. |
| KR100668042B1 (ko) | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-15 | 서강대학교산학협력단 | 용융강도가 우수한 긴 곁가지를 갖는 폴리프로필렌 수지의 제조 방법 |
| KR20080055837A (ko) * | 2005-09-15 | 2008-06-19 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 인크. | 중합가능한 셔틀링제를 통한 촉매성 올레핀 블럭 공중합체 |
| AR058448A1 (es) | 2005-09-15 | 2008-02-06 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Control de arquitectura del polimero y distribucoin de peso molecular va el agente de transferencia multi- centrado |
| US20070270558A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Paul Keith Scherrer | Pulsing olefin polymerization fluidized-bed reactors |
| ES2534469T3 (es) | 2006-05-17 | 2015-04-23 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Procedimiento de polimerización de polietileno en disolución a alta temperatura |
| US7867868B2 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2011-01-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Absorber layer candidates and techniques for application |
| EP2183286B1 (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2012-12-12 | Univation Technologies, LLC | Continuity additives and their use in polymerization processes |
| TW200936564A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-09-01 | Univation Tech Llc | Methods for the removal of impurities from polymerization feed streams |
| RU2486953C2 (ru) * | 2008-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | Юнивейшн Текнолоджиз, Ллк | Реакторная система и способ ее использования |
| US20110256632A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2011-10-20 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Additive for Polyolefin Polymerization Processes |
| WO2010080871A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-15 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Additive for gas phase polymerization processes |
| EP3489264B1 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2021-08-25 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Chain shuttling agents and their use for the preparation of block copolymers |
| US8513367B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2013-08-20 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Mitigation of elastomer reactor fouling using mechanical vibration |
| CN103347905B (zh) | 2010-12-22 | 2015-12-16 | 尤尼威蒂恩技术有限责任公司 | 用于聚烯烃聚合方法的添加剂 |
| KR101236645B1 (ko) | 2010-12-31 | 2013-02-22 | 주식회사 효성 | 공정성이 우수한 연속식 파이프형 중합 반응 장치 및 이를 이용한 중합 방법 |
| EP2610269A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | Saudi Basic Industries Corporation | Catalyst composition and method for preparing the same |
| CA2933157C (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2021-11-16 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Feeding polymerization additives to polymerization processes |
| WO2017058910A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Multi- or dual-headed compositions useful for chain shuttling and process to prepare the same |
| JP7123040B2 (ja) | 2016-09-30 | 2022-08-22 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 連鎖シャトリングに有用な多頭または二頭組成物の調製方法 |
| KR102444560B1 (ko) | 2016-09-30 | 2022-09-20 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 체인 셔틀링에 유용한 다중 또는 이중 헤드 구성 요소 및 이를 준비하는 과정 |
| TWI756272B (zh) | 2016-09-30 | 2022-03-01 | 美商陶氏全球科技有限責任公司 | 適用於鏈梭移之封端多頭或雙頭組合物及其製備方法 |
| JP7028885B2 (ja) | 2017-03-15 | 2022-03-02 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | マルチブロックコポリマー形成用触媒系 |
| EP3596146B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2023-07-19 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Catalyst system for multi-block copolymer formation |
| SG11201908518VA (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2019-10-30 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Catalyst system for multi-block copolymer formation |
| SG11201908414YA (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2019-10-30 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Catalyst system for multi-block copolymer formation |
| US11208502B2 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2021-12-28 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Catalyst system for multi-block coploymer formation |
| KR102513518B1 (ko) | 2020-12-23 | 2023-03-22 | 디엘케미칼 주식회사 | 메탈로센 올레핀 중합 공정용 대전방지제를 이용한 올레핀 중합 방법 |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE7805006L (sv) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-03 | Kockums Automation | Sett vid sonikrensning |
| US4482687A (en) | 1979-10-26 | 1984-11-13 | Union Carbide Corporation | Preparation of low-density ethylene copolymers in fluid bed reactor |
| US4405495A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1983-09-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Catalyst impregnated on fine silica, process for preparing, and use for ethylene polymerization |
| FR2494814A1 (fr) * | 1980-11-26 | 1982-05-28 | Somafer Sa Ets Somalor Ferrari | Procede de nettoyage des surfaces d'une installation, encrassees par des depots resultant de la combustion de matieres carbonees |
| US4668790A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1987-05-26 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Chromogenic dihydrofuropyridinones |
| AU1490183A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-01-26 | Babcock & Wilcox Co., The | Cleaning drum-shaped filters |
| US4461651A (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1984-07-24 | Foster Wheeler Limited | Sonic cleaning device and method |
| US4508842A (en) | 1983-03-29 | 1985-04-02 | Union Carbide Corporation | Ethylene polymerization using supported vanadium catalyst |
| JPS6079023A (ja) * | 1983-10-05 | 1985-05-04 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 新規な重合方法 |
| SE458799B (sv) * | 1983-12-02 | 1989-05-08 | Insako Ab | Saett och anordning foer foerbraenning av fluida braenslen |
| SE451115B (sv) | 1985-01-16 | 1987-09-07 | Ulveco Kockum Sonic Ab | Anleggning for sotning av pannor eller liknande, innefattande ett flertal lagfrekvent ljud alstrande anordningar |
| US4849318A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1989-07-18 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Processes for producing electrophotographic toner |
| US4803251A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1989-02-07 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for reducing sheeting during polymerization of alpha-olefins |
| US4994534A (en) | 1989-09-28 | 1991-02-19 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc. | Process for producing sticky polymers |
| JPH03270730A (ja) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-12-02 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 化学反応方法 |
| US5187246A (en) | 1990-06-26 | 1993-02-16 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process for making epr resins |
| US5162463A (en) | 1990-12-10 | 1992-11-10 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Method for producing sticky polymers |
| US5137994A (en) | 1991-05-23 | 1992-08-11 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process for the simultaneous trimerization and copolymerization of ethylene |
| US5194526A (en) | 1992-07-30 | 1993-03-16 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process for producing sticky polymers |
-
1994
- 1994-07-14 US US08/274,840 patent/US5461123A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-07-13 DE DE69504438T patent/DE69504438T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-13 ES ES95304918T patent/ES2121299T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 EP EP95304918A patent/EP0692500B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 AT AT95304918T patent/ATE170535T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-13 AU AU24981/95A patent/AU686383B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-07-14 BR BR9503324A patent/BR9503324A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-07-14 JP JP7201701A patent/JP2978091B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-14 CA CA002153916A patent/CA2153916C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2978091B2 (ja) | 1999-11-15 |
| BR9503324A (pt) | 1996-04-30 |
| ATE170535T1 (de) | 1998-09-15 |
| DE69504438D1 (de) | 1998-10-08 |
| AU686383B2 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
| EP0692500A1 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
| DE69504438T2 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
| AU2498195A (en) | 1996-01-25 |
| JPH08169915A (ja) | 1996-07-02 |
| CA2153916C (en) | 1997-12-23 |
| US5461123A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
| EP0692500B1 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
| CA2153916A1 (en) | 1996-01-15 |
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