ES2185809T3 - Procedimiento para mejorar la produccion de una solucion de catalizador de carbonilacion por eliminacion de metales de corrosion. - Google Patents
Procedimiento para mejorar la produccion de una solucion de catalizador de carbonilacion por eliminacion de metales de corrosion.Info
- Publication number
- ES2185809T3 ES2185809T3 ES96937688T ES96937688T ES2185809T3 ES 2185809 T3 ES2185809 T3 ES 2185809T3 ES 96937688 T ES96937688 T ES 96937688T ES 96937688 T ES96937688 T ES 96937688T ES 2185809 T3 ES2185809 T3 ES 2185809T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- carbonilation
- procedure
- elimination
- production
- improve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/47—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0231—Halogen-containing compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
- B01J31/4023—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J31/4038—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals
- B01J31/4046—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals containing rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/74—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general utilising ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C51/12—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/34—Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/08—Ion-exchange resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
SE REVELA UN PROCESO PARA TRATAR SOLUCIONES CATALIZADORAS DE CARBONILACION CON BAJO CONTENIDO DE AGUA, QUE CONTIENEN UN COMPONENTE DE RODIO Y UN COMPONENTE DE METAL ALCALINO, PARA RETIRAR LOS PRODUCTOS DE LA CORROSION METALICA. EL PROCEDIMIENTO COMPRENDE PONER LA SOLUCION CATALIZADORA EN CONTACTO CON UNA RESINA DE INTERCAMBIO DE IONES, PREFERENTEMENTE EN FORMA DE LITIO, Y UNA CANTIDAD SUFICIENTE DE AGUA PARA DISMINUIR LA CONCENTRACION DE IONES DE METAL ALCALINO A FIN DE OPTIMIZAR LA RETIRADA DE PRODUCTOS METALICOS DE CORROSION.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54960995A | 1995-10-27 | 1995-10-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2185809T3 true ES2185809T3 (es) | 2003-05-01 |
Family
ID=24193714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES96937688T Expired - Lifetime ES2185809T3 (es) | 1995-10-27 | 1996-10-16 | Procedimiento para mejorar la produccion de una solucion de catalizador de carbonilacion por eliminacion de metales de corrosion. |
Country Status (27)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5731252A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0920407B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3955326B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR100462697B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1092179C (es) |
| AR (1) | AR004107A1 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE229493T1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU702225B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9611164A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2234853C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ297265B6 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69625385T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2185809T3 (es) |
| HU (1) | HUP9901881A3 (es) |
| IN (1) | IN189249B (es) |
| MY (1) | MY112995A (es) |
| NO (1) | NO309858B1 (es) |
| NZ (1) | NZ321758A (es) |
| PL (1) | PL185073B1 (es) |
| RU (1) | RU2156656C2 (es) |
| SA (1) | SA96170479B1 (es) |
| TR (1) | TR199800738T2 (es) |
| TW (1) | TW419393B (es) |
| UA (1) | UA48988C2 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1997015544A1 (es) |
| YU (1) | YU49355B (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA968942B (es) |
Families Citing this family (61)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0410289D0 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2004-06-09 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| US7820855B2 (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2010-10-26 | Celanese International Corporation | Method and apparatus for carbonylating methanol with acetic acid enriched flash stream |
| US7790920B2 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-09-07 | Lyondell Chemical Technology, L.P. | Preparation of acetic acid |
| US8575403B2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2013-11-05 | Celanese International Corporation | Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in ethanol separation process |
| US8710279B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2014-04-29 | Celanese International Corporation | Hydrogenolysis of ethyl acetate in alcohol separation processes |
| US8664454B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2014-03-04 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for production of ethanol using a mixed feed using copper containing catalyst |
| US9272970B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2016-03-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Hydrogenolysis of ethyl acetate in alcohol separation processes |
| US8378141B2 (en) | 2010-08-16 | 2013-02-19 | Celanese International Corporation | Process and system for supplying vapor from drying column to light ends column |
| US8530696B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2013-09-10 | Celanese International Corporation | Pump around reactor for production of acetic acid |
| US8877963B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2014-11-04 | Celanese International Corporation | Production of acetic acid with high conversion rate |
| US8394988B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2013-03-12 | Celanese International Corporation | Production of acetic acid with high conversion rate |
| US8461379B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2013-06-11 | Celanese International Corporation | Production of acetic acid comprising feeding at least one reactant to a recycle stream |
| US8637698B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-01-28 | Celanese International Corporation | Production of acetic acid with an increased production rate |
| US8563773B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2013-10-22 | Celanese International Corporation | Eductor-based reactor and pump around loops for production of acetic acid |
| BR112013016630B1 (pt) | 2010-12-30 | 2022-03-03 | Celanese International Corporation | Composição de resina de troca iônica, leito de proteção e processo para purificar uma composição de ácido acético bruto |
| WO2012149137A1 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2012-11-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for the production of ethanol from an acetic acid feed and a recycled ethyl acetate feed |
| US9073816B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2015-07-07 | Celanese International Corporation | Reducing ethyl acetate concentration in recycle streams for ethanol production processes |
| US8884081B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2014-11-11 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated process for producing acetic acid and alcohol |
| US8754268B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2014-06-17 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for removing water from alcohol mixtures |
| US8592635B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2013-11-26 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated ethanol production by extracting halides from acetic acid |
| CN103080053B (zh) | 2011-04-26 | 2015-08-12 | 国际人造丝公司 | 使用叠置床反应器生产乙醇的方法 |
| US8686199B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2014-04-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for reducing the concentration of acetic acid in a crude alcohol product |
| US8697908B2 (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2014-04-15 | Celanese International Corporation | Removal of amine compounds from carbonylation process stream containing corrosion metal contaminants |
| US8952196B2 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2015-02-10 | Celanese International Corporation | Removal of aromatics from carbonylation process |
| JP2014527456A (ja) | 2011-05-13 | 2014-10-16 | ノボマー， インコーポレイテッド | 触媒的カルボニル化用触媒および方法 |
| US8895786B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-11-25 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for increasing alcohol production |
| US9663437B2 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2017-05-30 | Celanese International Corporation | Production of acetic acid with high conversion rate |
| US8686201B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2014-04-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated acid and alcohol production process having flashing to recover acid production catalyst |
| US8614359B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2013-12-24 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated acid and alcohol production process |
| TW201332958A (zh) | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-16 | Celanese Int Corp | 高轉化率之醋酸生產製程 |
| US10858329B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2020-12-08 | Novomer, Inc. | Catalyst recycle methods |
| US10597294B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2020-03-24 | Novomer, Inc. | Integrated methods for chemical synthesis |
| WO2016015019A1 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | Novomer, Inc. | Synthesis of metal complexes and uses thereof |
| CN106715379B (zh) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-05-19 | 国际人造丝公司 | 用于生产乙酸的方法 |
| US9302975B1 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2016-04-05 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for flashing a reaction medium |
| US9260369B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2016-02-16 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid product having low butyl acetate content |
| CN115636745A (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2023-01-24 | 国际人造丝公司 | 通过去除铁改进乙酸产率的方法 |
| MY181741A (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2021-01-06 | Celanese Int Corp | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| US9487464B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-11-08 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| MX2017009867A (es) | 2015-01-30 | 2017-11-15 | Celanese Int Corp | Procedimientos para producir acido acetico. |
| US9561994B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2017-02-07 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| US9540302B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2017-01-10 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| US9505696B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2016-11-29 | Celanese International Corporation | Process to control HI concentration in residuum stream |
| US9512056B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2016-12-06 | Celanese International Corporation | Process to control HI concentration in residuum stream |
| US10413840B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2019-09-17 | Celanese International Coporation | Process to control HI concentration in residuum stream |
| MA41513A (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2017-12-19 | Novomer Inc | Procédé de distillation pour la production d'acide acrylique |
| MA41514A (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2017-12-19 | Novomer Inc | Procédés intégrés de synthèse chimique |
| US10221150B2 (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2019-03-05 | Novomer, Inc. | Continuous carbonylation processes |
| MA41510A (fr) | 2015-02-13 | 2017-12-19 | Novomer Inc | Procédé de production d'acide acrylique |
| US9540303B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2017-01-10 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| US9302974B1 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2016-04-05 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for producing acetic acid |
| US9382183B1 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2016-07-05 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for flashing a reaction medium |
| RS63644B1 (sr) | 2015-10-02 | 2022-10-31 | Celanese Int Corp | Postupak za proizvodnju sirćetne kiseline recikliranjem vode |
| US9908835B2 (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2018-03-06 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for purifying acetic and hydrating anhydride |
| US9957216B2 (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-05-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for producing acetic acid |
| US10807935B2 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2020-10-20 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for continuous acetic acid production |
| CN110078612B (zh) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-09-07 | 上海华谊（集团）公司 | 催化剂循环液的纯化方法 |
| US20230127564A1 (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2023-04-27 | Celanese International Corporation | Processes for removing and/or reducing permanganate reducing compounds and alkyl iodides |
| EP4161888A1 (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2023-04-12 | Celanese International Corporation | Process for acetic acid production by removing permanganate reducing compounds |
| US12577189B2 (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2026-03-17 | Celanese International Corporation | Removal of acetals from process streams |
| KR20230019134A (ko) | 2020-06-03 | 2023-02-07 | 셀라니즈 인터내셔날 코포레이션 | 아세트산의 생성 및 정제 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3769329A (en) * | 1970-03-12 | 1973-10-30 | Monsanto Co | Production of carboxylic acids and esters |
| US4007130A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-02-08 | Monsanto Company | Catalyst regeneration method |
| US4792620A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1988-12-20 | Bp Chemicals Limited | Carbonylation catalysts |
| US5001259A (en) * | 1984-05-03 | 1991-03-19 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Methanol carbonylation process |
| CA1228867A (en) * | 1984-05-03 | 1987-11-03 | Celanese Corporation | Methanol carbonylation process |
| US5144068A (en) * | 1984-05-03 | 1992-09-01 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Methanol carbonylation process |
| US4894477A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1990-01-16 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Process for regenerating a carbonylation catalyst solution to remove corrosion metals and carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid |
| DE4034501A1 (de) * | 1990-10-30 | 1992-05-07 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur entfernung metallischer korrosionsprodukte aus wasserfrei betriebenen carbonylierungsreaktionen |
| GB9023634D0 (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1990-12-12 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Process for purifying acetic acid and/or acetic anhydride |
| GB9305902D0 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1993-05-12 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| US5374774A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1994-12-20 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Control system for an acetic acid manufacturing process |
-
1996
- 1996-10-16 CA CA002234853A patent/CA2234853C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-16 KR KR10-1998-0703005A patent/KR100462697B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-16 ES ES96937688T patent/ES2185809T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-16 AU AU75169/96A patent/AU702225B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-16 DE DE69625385T patent/DE69625385T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-16 BR BR9611164A patent/BR9611164A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-16 RU RU98110138/04A patent/RU2156656C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-16 WO PCT/US1996/016516 patent/WO1997015544A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-16 JP JP51665097A patent/JP3955326B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-16 NZ NZ321758A patent/NZ321758A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-16 UA UA98042072A patent/UA48988C2/uk unknown
- 1996-10-16 HU HU9901881A patent/HUP9901881A3/hu unknown
- 1996-10-16 CN CN96197834A patent/CN1092179C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-16 IN IN1828CA1996 patent/IN189249B/en unknown
- 1996-10-16 EP EP96937688A patent/EP0920407B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-16 AT AT96937688T patent/ATE229493T1/de active
- 1996-10-16 PL PL96326360A patent/PL185073B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-16 TR TR1998/00738T patent/TR199800738T2/xx unknown
- 1996-10-16 CZ CZ0127998A patent/CZ297265B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-24 ZA ZA9608942A patent/ZA968942B/xx unknown
- 1996-10-25 MY MYPI96004456A patent/MY112995A/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 AR ARP960104911A patent/AR004107A1/es unknown
- 1996-10-25 YU YU56496A patent/YU49355B/sh unknown
- 1996-10-29 TW TW085113196A patent/TW419393B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-08 SA SA96170479A patent/SA96170479B1/ar unknown
-
1997
- 1997-01-21 US US08/786,016 patent/US5731252A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 NO NO981887A patent/NO309858B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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