ES2235808T3 - Slab DESTINED TO BE MOUNTED ON A CARRIER CHASSIS OF A FALSE ROOF STRUCTURE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The slab (1) is composed of a polygonal textile sheet (2) with several square elements (4-7) fixed to the corners of the sheet. A set of rods (8,9) are stretched between two diametrically opposite corner elements.

Description

Slab intended to be mounted on a chassis bearer of a false ceiling structure.

Technical field

The invention relates to the sector of the interior architecture. It refers more particularly to a new structure of slabs of false ceilings, destined to equip some stores of very different sizes that can range from about meters to hundreds of square meters. It provides more particularly the use of a textile sheet for realization of slabs of false ceilings.

Prior techniques

As you know, false ceilings are made usually from unit slabs that are placed on a chassis suspended in turn under the ceiling of the room or the building in which the false ceiling is installed.

A chassis of this type is generally constituted by a grid made from T profiles inverted, the chassis being attached to the ceiling proper by a set of suspension elements.

The grid defined by these profiles is ready to receive slabs whose periphery rests on the horizontal zones of the mentioned T profiles.

The slabs mounted on these chassis are generally essentially rigid, and made from materials that incorporate a significant fraction of plaster. These Slabs are therefore relatively heavy and bulky.

On the other hand, to make some roofs special, usually large, has already been proposed to place a large textile fabric, cut to size piece geometry, and very often held in position by a elastic tension system.

Said embodiment, although it offers the advantage of be aesthetic, it suffers from the disadvantages inherent to specific custom designs.

Indeed, the placement of a suspended ceiling of this type needs a previous visit to the fabric manufacturing textile, as well as unique cutting operations.

Therefore, it is impossible to automate and make in large numbers, a large fabric, put that it is essential to proceed to a particular cut as a result of the measurement intervention of the piece. The set of these inconvenience translates into a high fake cost price ceilings made of tensioned fabric.

It has also been proposed, as described in document FR-A-2 712 325, some slabs comprising a support of semi-rigid elastic material predetermined and suitable for tensioning a flexible sheet.

The invention is intended to provide a false ceiling structure that combines the practical advantages of the placement of false ceilings in rigid slabs, keeping the same time the aesthetic appearance of the false ceilings of tensioned fabric.

Exhibition of the invention

The invention therefore relates to a slab intended to be mounted on a chassis bearing a structure of False ceiling.

This slab is characterized because it is constituted:

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by a polygonal textile sheet,

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by a plurality of peripheral elements in solidarity with the leaf textile at the level of the angles of said sheet, and comprising respectively a lower support face for mounting the slab on the carrier chassis,

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for set of tensioned rods between two peripheral elements diametrically opposed.

In other words, the slabs according to the invention are unitary surface slabs of which the amount needed to cover the roof can be determined when the placement of this false ceiling takes place, without prior visit mandatory.

These slabs are made of stretch textile and they therefore present the aesthetic and functional advantages of the use of textiles.

In practice, the slabs present preferably a square shape, even rectangular, but in certain particular embodiments, others could be adopted forms without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

Advantageously, in practice, the textile sheet can comprise several layers of different natures that allow combine different properties of each layer.

Thus, a perforated textile sheet can be associated with an opaque fabric, so that it stands out with the lighting the perforated nature of the visible leaf.

In another application, the textile sheet may include a layer of foam designed to ensure thermal insulation or sonorous.

In another family of applications, the textile sheet it can include a conductive fabric of electricity, so that Serve as a heat source when conveniently fed.

According to another feature of the invention, each peripheral element has a square or triangle shape, and It is arranged at the level of an angle of the textile sheet.

In this way, the ends of each side of the Textile sheet are firmly held to ensure tension optimal thanks to the tensioned stems.

Advantageously, in practice, each element peripheral comprises means for clamping the textile sheet, of so that the slabs can be assembled on demand, as that the cover of the false ceiling takes place.

The storage of textile sheets, regardless of the peripheral elements, it is also advantageous in terms of volume.

In a first embodiment, the element peripheral includes:

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a clamp comprising:

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a supportive face,

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two side faces attached to the support face left in front of the edges of the blade textile,

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two flanges joined each to a side face, and oriented in the direction of the support face, and intended to come into contact with the textile sheet in the vicinity of its edges;

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a wedge suitable for recessing in the clamp, and presenting:

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a first face destined to come into contact with the textile sheet to apply against caliper flanges,

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a second face that forms a angle with said first face;

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a counter-wedge suitable for recessing between the support face of the clamp and the second face of said wedge, so that said wedge is applied against the flanges of the clamp by clamping the textile sheet.

In other words, each peripheral element It comprises two pieces suitable for sliding with respect to the other, and they happen to be embedded in a clamp so that the wedge passes to clamp the edge of the textile sheet against the clamp.

The counter-wedge is held in position by the effort exerted by the tensioned rod, which ensures a pinched textile sheet permanent.

In a particular embodiment, the first face of the wedge on which the fabric is, presents some ribs located in front of the clamp flanges. This way, the clamp flanges slightly penetrate the inside these ribs to ensure even more effective clamping of the textile sheet.

Advantageously, in practice, the wedge and the contracuña include a means of guiding its movement relative.

In this way, when the counter-wedge is placed inside the clamp, its displacement is effected compulsorily according to a diagonal of the textile sheet, or the bisector of the angle formed by the two flanges of the clamp.

Advantageously, in practice, these means of guided can consist of a rib and a groove complementary arranged on the wedge and the counter-wedge.

In a particular embodiment, the clamp It is made of metal, so that its thickness can be very limited, and that consequently, the fraction of the element peripheral located below the tissue is extremely little.

Thus, when the slabs are placed in position in the carrier chassis, there is virtually no difference in height between the textile sheet and the chassis itself.

Obviously, a peripheral element of this type can be declined in multiple geometries, and is not limited to only the shape of rectangular or square slabs, but that is it is possible to adapt said element for different angles of 90º, even also curved shapes.

In certain applications, it may result interesting to associate different peripheral elements according to the invention to allow splicing of slabs so that form a more important surface composed of several slabs.

In another particular embodiment, the pinching means of the peripheral element are constituted by:

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a slot intended to receive an edge of the textile sheet,

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a articulated tongue with respect to a groove edge, and movable between two positions, namely a retracted position in which found outside the groove, and a locked position in which is inside the groove and blocks the tissue.

In other words, according to this mode of embodiment, the tongue ensures sufficient pressure force to avoid tearing the tissue out of the rib.

The clamping means can be adapted to different thicknesses of textile sheet, and in the case where the fabric It is relatively thick and perforated, the lock is still improved by the cooperation of the tongue with the thread of the fabric with which Is in contact.

In practice, each peripheral element it comprises a reception housing of one end of the rod, which it allows an easy and durable assembly of the stem through the slab.

In a particular embodiment, so less one of the peripheral elements comprises means of tension regulation exerted by the tensioned rod. Indeed, in certain applications, it may be interesting to adjust the tensile force exerted by the deformation of the stems.

For particular applications, the slab can also comprise a tie that cooperates on the one hand, with the stems at the level of their crossing area, and on the other hand, with the leaf textile, so that it gives said sheet a convex shape in Stem direction.

In this way, each slab fits with a shape almost conical particularly sought after in acoustics since the surface developed by such a slab is greater than the projected square surface. The phenomena of absorption since the angles of incidence are attenuated, which is favorable for the attenuation of sound waves.

In addition, such a geometry confers a aesthetic appearance attractive.

The inverse geometry can be adopted in the embodiment in which the slab also has an arrow which cooperates on the one hand, with the offshoots at the level of its area of crossing, and on the other hand, with the textile sheet at the level of its center, of so that it gives the textile sheet a concave shape in the direction to the stems.

In this case, the center of the textile sheet is pushed from its resting position located in the plane defined by the peripheral elements. This geometry is, by the same reasons stated above, appreciated for their acoustic properties

Of course, false ceilings can be equipped with two types of particular slabs mentioned, which can be mixed, in particular to tresbolillo for certain Applications.

Summary description of the figures

The way of carrying out the invention as well as the advantages that come from it will become more clearly manifest from the description of the embodiments following referring to the attached figures, in which:

Figure 1 is a view above a slab according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the slab of the Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of a slab according to the invention mounted on the chassis of the False ceiling.

Figure 4 is a summary perspective view of the clamp used to form a first type of element peripheral.

Figure 5 is a summary perspective view of the wedge used in the first type of peripheral element.

Figure 6 is a summary perspective view of the counter-wedge used in cooperation with the clamp of figure 4 and the wedge of figure 5.

Figure 7 is a view of the peripheral element constituted by elements of figures 4 to 6, the section being made according to a bisector plane of the peripheral element.

Figure 8 is a detailed sectional view of a peripheral element represented waiting to receive a sheet textile.

Figure 9 is an identical section to Figure 8 in which the peripheral element cooperates with the textile sheet.

Figures 10 and 11 are seen in middle section of variants of the slab.

Way of carrying out the invention

As already said, the invention relates to a new slab structure designed to equip false ceilings, in which the main face is constituted by a leaf textile.

The geometry of said slabs can be extremely varied, not being in any case limited to the square shape as illustrated in the attached figures.

More precisely, and as illustrated in the Figure 1, the slab (1) according to the invention is constituted by three essential parts, namely:

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a textile sheet (2) of form square,

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four peripheral elements (4 to 7), which each have a square shape, located in each angle of the textile sheet (2), and

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two metal stems (8, 9) tensioned between the peripheral elements (4, 6; 5, 7) located on the same diagonal, so that they exert a tension on the sheet textile (2), and confer it, for the illustrated form of figure 1, a flat geometry.

More precisely, the textile sheet (2) is equipped in each of its edges of the peripheral elements (4 a 7) that have a square shape, and whose lower face (10) It is intended to rest on a T-profile (11), such as the illustrated in figure 3.

The association of these T-profiles forms a grid that defines a square openings inside which are arranged the slabs according to the invention.

The chassis consisting of said T-profiles (11) is suspended below the main roof (13) by of suspension elements (14) or any other means equivalent.

Each peripheral element (4 to 7), as has been illustrated in figures 4 and 5, it is intended to ensure a pinch of the tissue in its peripheral area, preferably without any organ pass through or pierce the tissue, which would constitute some tearing starts when it is in tension.

Such a peripheral element may be constituted by the assembly of the three elements illustrated in Figures 4 to 6. For clarity, the different organs of the peripheral element have been represented in such a way that present your face up that will be facing down when the slab is placed to form the false ceiling.

Thus, the textile sheet is represented on the upper part of the peripheral element while when the slab be placed on the carrier chassis, the textile sheet will be arranged down.

More precisely, the peripheral element comprises as illustrated in figure 4, a clamp (20) that it has essentially a support face (21) illustrated in a way trapezoidal, but that can take other forms, while constitute sufficient support for the wedge and counter-wedge.

This support face is extended laterally by two lateral faces (22, 23), which are perpendicular to him. These side faces (22, 23) face the edges of the blade textile (2). Each of these side faces (22, 23) has a flange (24, 25) oriented towards the support face (21), and whose end (26, 27) is intended to come into contact with the textile sheet, and preferably between two threads to ensure a effective anchoring.

The clamp (20) is made of a material Metallic such as stainless steel.

The advantage of using a metallic material is minimize the thickness of the flanges (25, 26) that are the only ones parts of the peripheral element that will be located on the face bottom of the textile sheet when it is placed in the false ceiling.

This clamp (20) is intended to accommodate the wedge (30) illustrated in Figure 5. This wedge (30) has a shape general, top view, of isosceles right triangle, in the most frequent case in which the slab is square or rectangular, but this shape could vary depending on that of the slab.

The wedge (30) has a first face (31) that It is intended to come into contact with the textile sheet (2) so to apply it against the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp (twenty).

To this end, the first face (31) of the wedge (30) may have grooves (33, 34) parallel to the sides in right angle of the wedge. These two slots (33, 34) are located at a wedge side distance substantially equal to the distance separating the edges (26, 27) from the flanges (24, 25) with respect to the lateral faces (22, 23) of the clamp (20).

In this way, the edges (26, 27) are found in the vertical of the ribs (33, 34) when the wedge it is placed in the clamp, and the fabric is therefore slightly pressed on it. It follows that the risks of tissue slip or peripheral element outlet are very clearly reduced, even non-existent, for the majority of the types of tissue.

The wedge (30) has a second face (32) that it has a certain inclination with respect to the first face (31), so that the thickness of the wedge is greater than the level of its right angle (35) with respect to your hypotenuse (36).

In this way, the space between this lower face (32) and the support face (21) of the jaw when the wedge (30) is embedded in it, also has a thickness variable, intended to accommodate the counter-wedge (40) illustrated in the figure 6.

Said counter-wedge (40) has a thickness such that when its face (41) slides against the face (32) of the wedge (30), the face (42) of the counter-wedge (40) ends up coming into contact with the support surface (21) of the clamp, and therefore apply the blade textile (2) against the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp.

The offset movement of the counter-wedge with respect to the wedge is guided thanks to the median rib (43), which happens to slide in the groove (36) provided for this purpose on the face (32) of the wedge (30).

The maintenance in position of the counter-wedge (40) with respect to the wedge (30) is made thanks to the effort exerted by the rod (8, 9) that happens to rest on the counter-wedge (40), at the level of an accommodation (46) provided for such effect.

In this way, the counter-wedge (40) remains locked in this recessed position inside the clamp, what which therefore maintains the clamping effort exerted on the blade textile by the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp (20).

Obviously, the wedge (30) and the counter-wedge (40) they can be made up of very varied materials, in particular plastic materials such as polypropylene, polychloride Vinyl, polyamide that are advantageously lightweight.

For the conception and simplicity of this peripheral element, the possibility of associating several of these peripheral elements, at the level of the lateral faces of the clamps (22, 23) for example to form a junction zone between several textile sheets, and thus make an assembly.

The small thickness of the side faces of The clamp allows the textile sheets to be approximated adjacent, so as to ensure an assembly almost perfect.

Thus, according to another variant embodiment, a peripheral element can be constituted by a profile, or as illustrated by way of example, by the association of two profiles

Thus, as illustrated in Figure 8, the peripheral element comprises a first U-shaped profile (50), that forms an outer piece, and that has a throat (51) that receive a second profile (55) thinner.

The underside (52) of the outer U-profile It is intended to rest on the T-profile (11) of the chassis.

The throat (51) of this U-profile (50) receives the second profile (55) intended to ensure the pinching function of the tissue.

In a different embodiment not represented, peripheral elements may be made by Single and single profiled element.

In the case of the internal profile (55) illustrated in Figure 8, the latter essentially presents a groove (56) and an articulated tongue (57).

The groove (56), parallel to the throat (51) of the outer profile (50), is intended to receive a leaf edge textile (2).

The tongue (57) is articulated with respect to a groove edge (56), and more precisely with respect to the wall (58) that forms the upper part of the internal profile (50).

This joint is obtained thanks to an area (59) of smaller thickness and allows the pivoting of the tongue (57) Between two positions

Thus, as illustrated in Figure 8, the zone external (50) of the clamping profile (55) is elevated, so that the tab (57) is located in a retracted position, and is It is located outside the groove (56).

In opposition, as illustrated in the figure 9, the outer area of the profile (50) is pivoted such that the tongue (57) is again inside the rib (56), and oriented in the direction of the interior of the rib (56).

Thus, the tongue (57) ensures a pinching of the fabric on the opposite wall (52) of the internal profile (51), and the tongue orientation (57) forms a shoring that opposes tissue outlet

Tissue blockage is still improved in the case in which the textile sheet (2) comprises a perforated structure in which the warp or weft threads are relatively separated from each other, such as in particular for example technical fabrics marketed under the BATYLINE® brand.

In this case, a particular thread (65) of the fabric, of relatively large diameter happens to cooperate with the end of the tongue (57) and ensures a precise and firm lock in position of the tissue.

As illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the outer zone (60) of the internal profile (55) also has more beyond the tongue (57), a curved area (64) intended to rest on the tissue when it is in a pinched position, so that ensure regularity of peripheral tissue tension.

This outdoor area (60) also serves as support to the user to cause the tongue to pivot.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the shape of the peripheral element illustrated, but covers all variants in which the tissue is clamped by any means appropriate in its peripheral area. Indeed, one of the interests of the invention is to allow easy placement of the elements peripherals around the tissue sheet, and this on demand, to as the placement of the elements in the chassis takes place carrier.

According to another feature of the invention, the slab (1) has stems (8, 9) of tissue tensioning. These stems (8, 9) cooperate with peripheral elements (4 to 7) to level of throats or accommodation (46) provided for such effect.

Such housings (46) can advantageously be arranged on the counter-wedge (40) or in the joining area of the two branches of the square of the peripheral element illustrated in the figure 8.

This accommodation (46) has a slope (?) with respect to the main plane of the slab (1), so that the stems (8, 9) that it houses are curved to exert a tensile force that tightens the tissue.

The inclination (α) is determined by so that the tension on the tissue is sufficient for this The latter is effectively flat and does not adopt any curvature due at your own weight.

In certain embodiments, they can be provide that the housings (46) that receive the ends of the stems (8, 9) are equipped with means that allow to regulate more finely stem tension.

However, in simplified ways, the stems are designed in such a way that such regulation results Useless.

On the other hand, the length of each branch of the peripheral element is also determined to avoid a sinking of the center and the edges of the textile sheet due to its own weight

In practice, good results have been obtained using textile sheets (2) of square shape, 600 mm side, and weighing 55 g per square meter.

The peripheral elements (4 to 7) have a length of the order of 80 mm, and the stems (8, 9) used are cylindrical steel stems, with a diameter close to 6 mm

The tension exerted on the tissue is sufficient for an inclination (α) of the stems (8, 9) at the level of the peripheral elements (4 to 7) of the order of 15º.

The invention also covers variants of embodiment such as those illustrated in Figures 10 and 11, in the which textile sheet is no longer flat, but instead adopts a curvature oriented either upwards or downwards.

Thus, as illustrated in Figure 10, the slab (80) comprises a supplementary element that constitutes a brace (81), and attached on the one hand, to the stems (82), at the level of their intersection, and on the other hand, cooperating with the textile sheet (83) in its center, by means of an excretion zone (84) that crosses a hole (85) made for this purpose in the center of the sheet.

The length of this strap (81) is less than the distance separating the stems (82) from the textile sheet (83) when This one is at rest. In this way, the center of the textile sheet it is raised above the main plane of the slab (80).

The tie rod (81) and the central area of the leaf (83) they may be advantageously equipped with any means that allow to avoid tissue degradation due to traction Supplementary exercised.

Conversely, the slab (90) illustrated in the figure 11 presents an element that forms an arrow (91), which cooperates by one part, with the stems (92) at the level of their intersection, and by other part, with the center of the blade (93), so that it pushes down the central area of the textile sheet below its resting position

In this way, the convexity of the blade is facing down.

Appropriate provisions may be provided at the level of the central area of the leaf to ensure a precise positioning and a lock in position of the low end of the arrow (91) on the sheet (93).

The configuration of the two embodiments illustrated in figures 10 and 11 is particularly advantageous for its acoustic properties, since the angles of incidence of the sound waves are modified, which is conducive to the sound energy absorption.

In addition, the surface of the sheet, and therefore its Energy absorption capabilities is superior in the form of embodiment in which the sheet is strictly flat.

Obviously, as already said, the different flat and convex or concave shapes can be associated in order to provide effects different aesthetic and functional.

In the case of the textile sheet itself, this can be extremely variable, depending on the desired properties

Thus, the textile sheet may be constituted by a perforated fabric such as in particular that sold with the BATYLINE® mark by the applicant. This textile sheet can be consisting of several different layers, such as in particular a layer of a perforated fabric, and by a layer of more opaque fabric, which allows to make the slab visually opaque, giving it at the same time the aesthetic appearance of a perforated fabric.

The textile sheet can also incorporate a layer of foam or equivalent, used for its properties of thermal and / or phonic insulation.

Moreover, the color and the printed motifs on textile sheets can be advantageously used for form a signaling at the level of the false ceiling, which can evolve with displacement or replacement of slabs colored.

The use of a perforated textile sheet, or more generally air permeable, it is particularly advantageous to ensure the functions of aeration and air conditioning.

Indeed, the false ceiling constituted by the slabs according to the invention, in which the textile sheets they let the air through, allow air circulation through the entire surface of the false ceiling.

In terms, the entire surface of the false ceiling serves as a vent.

The surface of said aeration mouth allows use circulating air at speeds much less than those of the air circulating in the standard aeration ducts.

Thus, flow noises can be totally eliminated and the air ducts circulating through the fake Roof are useless. It follows that the distance between the ceiling itself and the false ceiling can be clearly reduced since it is no longer necessary to circulate through it specific air ducts.

A variation of the permeability of the slabs to ensure a distribution of the load losses such that the flow through the surface of the false ceiling is noticeably uniform throughout its surface.

Such an arrangement also allows ensure the filtration operation of the circulating air directly by the slabs and more precisely its textile sheet and not anymore by specific systems.

In an advantageous form of the invention, the different slabs can also incorporate a heating fabric that allows to heat the air that crosses them, and thus ensure a uniform heat distribution. In this case, the metallic nature of the clamp (20) of the peripheral element ensures a traction effective current.

In practice, the slabs according to the invention can be mounted directly on site. Indeed, the assembly of a slab includes the operations of placing the four peripheral elements in the edge of the textile sheet, and then the placement of the two diagonal stems through the textile sheet

It follows that the storage of different elements intended to make the false ceiling can ensure independently, being the textile sheets stored independently of peripheral elements and stems

It stands out from the foregoing that the structure of The false ceiling slabs according to the invention, presents multiple advantages and in particular:

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the ease of mounting,

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the possibility of performing the false ceiling from standard elements, without needing a previous visit,

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ease of storage of standard elements intended to make the slabs,

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a great variety in forms used,

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a great variety in natures of the textile used, which allows the false to be conferred ceiling numerous aesthetic aspects, as well as numerous functions of thermal or phonic insulation,

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the possibility of conferring to the false ceiling geometric shapes with convexities conducive to the absorption of sound waves,

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the possibility of performing some false ceilings that serve as a surface aeration mouth widely superior to the classic unit mouths, with the consequence of the elimination of the defects inherent in the system air ducting such as flow noises and the volume,

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the possibility of organize at will and very simply the air blow zones according to the evolving office provisions as well as the seasons: blowing fresh air in summer at the bottom of the offices, blowing hot air in winter near the windows,

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the possibility of performing textile slabs without resorting to fibrous materials that They can contaminate ambient air quality.

Claims (16)

1. Slab (1) intended to be mounted on a chassis bearing a false ceiling structure, characterized in that it is constituted:

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by a textile sheet (2) of polygonal shape,

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by a plurality of peripheral elements (4 to 7) in solidarity with the textile sheet (2) at the level of the angles of said sheet (2), and that it presents respectively a lower support face (10; 21; 52) for mounting the slab on the carrier chassis, and

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for set of rods (8, 9) tensioned between two peripheral elements (4 to 7) diametrically opposed.

2. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile sheet (2) adopts a square or rectangular shape. 3. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile sheet has several layers of a different nature. 4. Textile slab according to claim 3, characterized in that the textile sheet includes a foam layer. 5. Slab according to claim 3, characterized in that the textile sheet includes an electrically conductive fabric. 6. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral elements (4 to 7) comprise means (25) for clamping the textile sheet (2). 7. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that each peripheral element comprises:

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a clamp (20) comprising:

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said support face (twenty-one),

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two side faces (22, 23) attached to the support face (21) that faces the edges of the textile sheet (2),

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two flanges (24, 25) joined each to a side face (23, 24), and oriented in the direction of the support face (21), and intended to come into contact with sheet textile (2) in the vicinity of its flanges;

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a wedge (30) suitable for recessing in the clamp, and presenting:

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a first face (31) intended to come into contact with the textile sheet (2) to apply it against the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp (20),

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a second face (32) that forms an angle with said first face (31);

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a counter-wedge (40) suitable for recessing between the support face (21) of the clamp (20) and the second face (32) of said wedge (30), so that said wedge (30) applies, so that said wedge (30) applies against the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp (20) by clamping the blade textile (2).

8. Slab according to claim 7, characterized in that the first face (31) of the wedge (30) has ribs (33, 34) located opposite the flanges (24, 25) of the clamp. 9. Slab according to claim 7, characterized in that the wedge (30) and the counter-wedge (40) have guiding means (37, 43) of the relative displacement of one with respect to the other. 10. Slab according to claim 9, characterized in that the guiding means are constituted by a rib (43) and a complementary groove (37) arranged on the wedge (30) and the counter-wedge (40). 11. Slab according to claim 7, characterized in that the clamp (20) is made of metal. 12. Slab according to claim 6, characterized in that the clamping means are constituted by:

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a slot (56) intended to receive an edge of the textile sheet (2),

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a tongue (57) articulated with respect to a groove edge (56), and mobile between two positions, namely a retracted position in the which is located outside the groove (56), and a position lock in which it is inside the groove (56) and block the textile sheet (2).

13. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that each peripheral element (4 to 7) has a housing (46) for receiving one end of a rod (8, 9). 14. Slab according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one peripheral element (4, 7) has means for regulating the tension exerted by the tensioned rod (8, 9). 15. Slab (80) according to claim 1, characterized in that it also has a brace (81) that cooperates with the stems (82) at the level of its crossing area, and with the textile sheet (83) at the level of its center, so that it gives said sheet (83) a convex shape in the direction of the stems (81). 16. Slab (90) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an arrow (91) that cooperates with the stems (92) at the level of its crossing area, and with the textile sheet (93) at the level of its center, so that it gives the textile sheet (93) a concave shape in the direction of the stems (91).