ES2359457T3 - BRACKET SUPPORT MECHANISM. - Google Patents

Abstract

The girder has lattice bars (20, 30, 40, 50) connected with each other in an articulated manner. Repeating successive structures are spreaded into a pyramid-like or pyramid-frustum-like structure (10), where a point of the repeating successive structure stays in connection with a base area (11) of the adjacent structure or forms a part of the base area of the adjacent structure. The lattice bars are arranged at vertices of the base area of the spreaded structure, where the lattice bars interconnect the structures with each other.

Description

The invention relates to a support lattice mechanism with lattice bars connected to each other in an articulated manner.

As an example, in construction structures support grid structures are used that are only assembled for a provisional time and must be disassembled again to be transported. It is also conceivable to provide support lattice mechanisms that remain permanently in a place and place and that serve as support constructions for buildings, for example. In both cases it is disadvantageous that the individual elements of the support lattice mechanisms need too much space because they have large cross sections. This disadvantage results not only during transport but obviously also during the storage of such support lattice structures 10, see for example DE 3400 546 A1.

It is an object of the invention to generate a grid structure for support lattice mechanisms that is movable in different positions and comparatively requires less space at least in one position.

This problem is solved by means of a support lattice mechanism with the features of claim 1. According to this, it is envisioned that the support lattice mechanism has repetitive successive structures that can be deployed in a truncated pyramid or pyramid structure, in which if the cusp of one of the structures is in connection with the base area of the adjacent structure or forms a part of the base area of the adjacent structure. Such a lattice support mechanism has a comparatively small volume if the structures are in the unfolded position and can be expanded if the structures are deployed. The lattice support mechanism can be used permanently or provisionally and can serve as support constructions, for example, or form a part of such a construction.

It is conceivable that at the corners of the base areas of the deployed structures, barbed bars are connected, which connect the structures to each other. In this case it can be rods that are spliced at the corners of the base areas and connect several structures to each other.

In another configuration of the invention it is provided that the base areas of the deployed structures are delimited by trellis bars that are composed of two or more than two segments connected to each other in an articulated manner. These trellis bars can be arranged straight in the unfolded state of the structures and bent in the unfolded state.

In addition, it can be envisaged that from the cusps of the structures struts extend towards the corners of the deployed structures which are in connection with the cusps in an articulated manner and / or which are composed of two or more of two segments connected to each other. in an articulated way. The structures may also have trellis bars that run from the base area of the deployed structures, preferably from the corners of the base areas of the deployed structures to the top of the structures and form the edges of the structures. that connect the base area with the cusp of the structure.

In addition, it can be envisioned that the base areas of the deployed structures are configured in a tri-or quadrangular, preferably square, or polygonal shape.

The invention further relates to a support lattice mechanism with structures capable of being deployed, in particular to a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which case the connection capable of pivoting is configured such that one of the parts, connected to each other so that they can rotate or pivot, have a projection; and the other part, connected so that they can pivot, has a groove 40 limited by walls on three sides, in which the projection of the other part can be housed so that it can pivot. In this way the floor of the groove serves as a delimitation so that the bar of the fence is able to rotate until one of the named parts is mounted on the floor of the groove. In this position, the bar is locked so that it is not possible to turn more. A connection capable of pivoting of this type can be provided where two segments of a grating bar are in connection capable of pivoting with each other and / or where a grating bar is hinged on another part of the support grid structure. .

The bar of the lattice can have in its extreme region the projection and in its other extreme region the slot named. In this way, it is possible to connect several trellis bars to each other or provide trellis bars of different length. Fundamentally, it is also conceivable to design both ends of the trellis bar with grooves or with the projections named. fifty

Particularly advantageous is if a braking or fixing device is provided that fixes the trellis bars in a certain turning position. In this case it can be, for example, a drum, disc or shoe brake. The brake can be operated hydraulically or mechanically, for example. The brake can have shoes that have two projections which, when the brake is applied, come into contact with the corresponding adjacent part, for example with the projection named and thus develops an optimal braking effect. 5

The invention also relates to a tower that is composed of a support lattice mechanism having structures capable of deploying, in particular with a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which case the tower serves as towers of evacuation and has, by way of example, stairs and / or an elevator. It is conceivable that the tower is composed of segments of support lattice structure that are in connection with each other or that join together when assembling the tower on site. 10

The invention also relates to a bridge consisting of a support lattice mechanism, with structure capable of unfolding, in particular with a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8.

The invention also relates to a building with a tower that is composed of a support lattice mechanism with structures capable of unfolding, in particular with a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which case the tower is arranged next to the building, or in the building, with non-deployable structures and if necessary it is capable of expanding by deploying the structures. The tower may have stairs and / or an elevator for evacuation purposes.

The invention also relates to a transport system consisting of a support lattice mechanism having deployable structures, in particular with a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein one or several elevators are arranged in the trellis mechanism of support and where the trellis support mechanism is composed of several segments of support lattice structure connected to each other, which can move in different directions so that the elevator is movable in different directions correspondingly.

The invention also relates to a support structure for a tunnel which is composed of a support lattice mechanism having deployable structures, in particular with a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8.

The invention also relates to a tunnel with a support structure according to claim 14.

The invention finally relates to a fastening system for islands or protection devices such as dikes, dams, walls and the like, which is characterized in that the fastening system is composed of straight or curved rings or elements or segments, which is composed of a support lattice mechanism, preferably of a support lattice mechanism with deployable structures and in particular of a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8.

The lattice support mechanism may be disposed within the island or the protective device, adjacent or adjacent.

It can be found on the side of the earth-oriented protection device or on the water-oriented side or on top of the protection device.

In another embodiment of the invention it is provided that the protection device has fasteners in which the support trellis mechanism can be mounted.

The lattice support mechanism can extend in the longitudinal direction of the protection device. It can also be composed of longitudinally extended elements or segments, which are arranged on top of one another or intercalated with each other.

The invention also relates to a ship with one or more support grating structures having deployable structures, in particular one or more support grating structures according to one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the grating support mechanism, at least one is transportable from the hull out of the ship and towards the hull of the ship, in particular because it is capable of turning. Four. Five

The support lattice mechanism, at least one, may have gas-filled chambers, in particular full of air or may be connected to them.

In another embodiment of the invention it is envisioned that at least one support lattice mechanism is realized in such a way that in a state adjacent to the ship's hull it has unfolded structures and in the distanced state of the hull it has deployed structures.

The lattice support mechanism, at least one, can be passable and / or have an empty space suitable for loading and unloading the ship. 5

Other particularities and advantages of the invention are explained by means of an exemplary embodiment represented in the drawing. It shows there:

Figure 1: A perspective view of a support lattice mechanism,

Figure 2: A sectional representation along line AA in Figure 1,

Figure 3: A perspective view of a support lattice mechanism according to the invention in a further embodiment, 10

Figure 4: A sectional representation through the support lattice mechanism according to Figure 3,

Figure 5: A perspective view of a support lattice mechanism according to the invention in a further embodiment,

Figure 6: A sectional representation through the support lattice mechanism according to Figure 5,

Figure 7: a schematic representation of a central drive tube with trellis bars arranged on the side thereof,

Figures 8 - 11: different representations of trellis bars and trellis bar connections,

Figure 12: Various views of parts of a connection capable of rotating the trellis bar,

Figure 13: schematic views of a support lattice mechanism in a further embodiment,

Figure 14: a schematic view of an evacuation tower consisting of a trellis support mechanism, 20

Figure 15: a schematic representation of a bridge that is composed of a support lattice mechanism,

Figure 16a, b a schematic representation of a building with a support lattice mechanism

Figure 17: a schematic representation of a transport system that is composed of a lattice support mechanism,

Figure 18: a schematic representation of a tunnel with a support lattice mechanism, 25

Figure 19: Various representations of the lattice mechanism of supports according to Figure 18,

Figure 20a, b: schematic representations of an island / protection device fastened (a) with a support lattice mechanism,

Fig. 21 - 23: schematic representations of support lattice mechanisms as protection or clamping devices before or after dam breaks and 30

Fig. 24- - 26: schematic representations of a vessel that has a support lattice mechanism there.

Figure 1 shows in a schematic representation the support lattice mechanism, which is composed of structures 10 of the type of truncated pyramids that are connected to each other. Each of the structures has a base area 11 and an area 12 that is located on the cusp, in which case the area 12 of a structure 35 forms a part of the base area 11 of the following structure. The base areas of the structures limit with trellis bars 20, which each have a joint in their central part, as indicated in Figure 1.

The base areas that form the cusps of the structures 10 are connected by a drive element not shown, for example a rod or a cable. Depending on the direction of the rod or cable drive, the structure unfolds or contracts. If the drive element is operated according to the arrow that indicates upwards, the support lattice mechanism is contracted, and when driven according to the arrow that indicates downwards it is deployed. 5

Lattice bars 30 extend from the top of the structures to the corners of the base areas, which are arranged in an articulated manner.

The edges of the structure are formed by straight, vertical trellis bars, which are joined at the corners of the base areas 11.

The trellis bars 30 are connected, so that they can pivot, with the areas 12 as well as with the 10 trellis bars 40. The trellis bars 20 are also connected, so that they can pivot, with the trellis bars 40.

The structures 10 also have trellis bars 50 that go from the respective base areas 11 towards the cusps or towards the units or areas 12 that form the cusps and there they are spliced respectively in an articulated manner. They form the edges of the structures 10. 15

Figure 2 shows a sectional representation of the structure according to Figure 1 on the A-A cut line in variously deployed states. The reference sign 60 indicates a drive rod that goes through the center and is connected to the cusps of the structures 10. The letters A, B and C signal the connection capable of rotating between the lattice bars 30 and the rod drive 60 or the top of structure 10 (point C) and trellis bars 40 (point B). At point B, the lattice bar 50 is also connected to the lattice bar 40 and at point A to the top of the structure 10 in a way that it can pivot.

Figure 3 shows the structure according to the invention in another embodiment, in which the base areas do not have a square configuration but a polygon. Reference signs 60 signal winches by means of which a cable that goes through the cusps of the pyramids can move in different directions. 25

Figure 4 shows a corresponding representation of section through the arrangement of Figure 3 in differently deployed states.

Figure 5 shows another perspective view of the support lattice mechanism according to the invention in which the pyramids do not end in a point, as is the case in Figure 3, but are a truncated pyramid, as shown in Figure 5 .30

Figure 6 shows a sectional representation of the structure according to Figure 5.

From figure 7 it is evident a view of a centrally operated tube 60 as well as a trellis bar 40 constituted at the corner point of the structure which is connected to each other through trellis bars 30, 50 arranged so that they can pivot. The arrangement represented in figure 7 corresponds to the arrangement represented in figure 2 in the unfolded state, in which case the letters C are replaced by A, A 35 by E and B by C.

The particularities for the articulated connection of the trellis bars 30, 50 result from figures 8 and 9.

Figure 8, upper representation, shows the structure AC according to Figure 7 and it is clarified that the trellis bar 30 is arranged so that it can pivot in its two extreme regions, in which case a projection 110 is arranged in an extreme region and a groove 120 is arranged in the other end region. The lattice bar 40 disposed at the corner point has a projection 210 that engages the corresponding groove 120, bordered on three sides, and bolted there, so which results in a connection capable of rotating or pivoting.

A corresponding connection results in the other end of the trellis bar 30, in which case the groove type structure 320 is disposed in this case next to the central tube 60. In this groove 320 the projection 110 of the bar is introduced of lattice 30 and also bolts there, such that a connection capable of pivoting results.

The visible arrangement of figure 8, representation of the medium, shows the trellis bar 30 in a rotated position, as it happens when unfolding and contracting the structures 10. The horizontal position of the trellis bar 30 results from figure 8, representation lower.

With the reference sign 400 a brake device is shown which respectively fixes the trellis bar or its projection 110 in the rotated position as well as optionally the projection 210 of the trellis bar 40. In this case it can be a drum or shoe brake or any other brake device. It is preferably provided that a brake shoe has two shoes which have projections or convexities that are directed to the projection, which act by actuating the brake simultaneously to the projection housed in the corresponding groove.

Figure 9 shows the structure EC according to Figure 7 and shows that the trellis bar 50 has protrusions 510 at its both ends, which are housed in the corresponding slots of the units 600 that are arranged on one side next to the central tube 60 and on the other hand in the tube 40 that passes through the corner point of the base area. The grooves are different from those executed against counter-rotation according to Figure 8, which means that the groove in the central tube 60 opens upwards and the groove in the trellis bar 50 passing through the corner point opens towards down. In both cases it is guaranteed that the final position of the turning movement is generated by the base 15 of the groove. An embodiment of this type of a connection capable of pivoting thus offers the possibility of guaranteeing an end point of the rotation movement in a comparatively simple manner and thus ensuring a retainer in the desired position.

Figure 10 shows an arrangement of a support lattice mechanism, as is known from DE 20 2004 015 072, to which disclosure content is referred to in its entirety. This trellis mechanism of 20 support has trellis bars arranged or made so that they can pivot, as indicated in figure 10. Figure 11 shows in detail the trellis bars of the support trellis mechanism according to figure 10. The realization of the connection capable of pivoting corresponds to those illustrated above. Correspondingly this is valid for the provision of a brake or fixing device that fixes the trellis bars in the desired rotated position. 25

Figure 12 shows different embodiments of the parts that have the groove and the projection, which form the connection capable of pivoting the trellis bars of a trellis support mechanism. From figure 12 it also turns out that the groove in its cross-section is not necessarily square but can also be made conically.

Figure 13 shows in detail in a schematic representation a support trellis mechanism according to Figure 10 with trellis bars capable of pivoting in different positions.

Figure 14 shows a system in which a G building is developed. The evacuation system is composed of segments S of the support lattice mechanism which are incorporated sequentially. In such a case, the vehicle shown on the left serves to transport and to deploy segments S of the support lattice mechanism and the vehicle shown on the right serves to move up the construction composed of segments S 35 while a new one is being put down S segment of the support lattice mechanism. The segments of the support lattice mechanism are transported from the vehicle shown on the left in an unfolded state and then deployed during installation. As this is further evident from Figure 14, the lattice support mechanism may have integrated ladders, or a stairwell and / or also means to house an elevator or an elevator itself. 40

Figure 15 shows that the support lattice mechanism according to the invention or a support lattice mechanism with deployable structures can also be used for such a bridge no more, in which case the bridge can be constructed by individual segments S of the support lattice mechanism which they can be placed by a crane arm to the desired position before or after deploying.

Figure 16a shows a building G in cross-section, in which, or next to which, a support lattice mechanism 700 with deployable structures has been arranged. This support mechanism can also serve as an evacuation tower. It can also be provided that the support lattice mechanism 700 is deployed, arranged in the unfolded state in, or next to, the building G, as inferred from the upper Fig. 16a, and if necessary, for example in case of fire, and then serve as evacuation towers. The lattice support mechanism is turned out of the building, as shown in figure 16a, below. Stairs and / or elevators, for example, may be arranged in the support lattice mechanism 700.

Figure 16b shows an embodiment in which the support lattice mechanism 700 borders the outer surface of the building G. In this way it can also be provided that the support lattice mechanism 700 does not have a deployed structure when it is not required and is only deployed in case of need Figure 16b,

representation on the right, shows that the support lattice mechanism 700 is composed of individual segments inserted into each other, in which case projections can be provided on the upper side of a segment which can be arranged in the corresponding cavities or perforations of the side lower adjacent segment.

Figure 17 shows a transport system consisting of the support trellis mechanism 810, 820 with 5 deployable structures. Elevators F1, F2 pass in detachable structures. According to the invention, it can be provided that the support lattice mechanisms 810 and 820 consist of individual segments of the support lattice mechanism. The lattice support mechanisms pass in different directions so that the elevators F1, F2 can also move correspondingly. It is also conceivable that, for example, the elevator F1 in one of the support lattice mechanisms 810 can move up and down 10 and when reaching a crossing point in another support lattice mechanism 820 can move to the side.

It is also conceivable that the elevators can be housed inside one another, as indicated in Figure 17. The elevator F2 in the support lattice mechanism 820 is horizontally movable and the elevator F1 in the support lattice mechanism 810 is vertically movable. . As this is indicated in Figure 17, when the elevator door F1 is open, it can be provided that the elevator F2 can be housed in the first, which is indicated by dashed lines. In this case, the elevator F2 the elevator F2 obviously must be disengaged from the drive system of the support trellis mechanism 820 and then be coupled to the support trellis mechanism 820 in a new process.

By means of the modality represented in figure 17 it is possible to mobilize people first in the horizontal direction and then, without having to change, in the vertical direction. twenty

Figure 17, below, shows a cross-sectional view of the arrangement according to Figure 17, upper.

Figure 18 shows a support lattice mechanism in an unfolded structure that can be used, for example, as a support construction in tunnel construction. The lattice support mechanism can be introduced into the tunnel and there to assume a shoring function, until the lining of the tunnel is finished or the tunnel is sufficiently covered in another way. It is also conceivable to then remove the lattice mechanism of support. You can also think, basically, of leaving the support lattice mechanism in the tunnel. Figure 19 shows the support lattice mechanism in a cross-sectional view (upper) and in longitudinal section in the unfolded state (representation of the medium) and contracted (lower).

Figure 20a finally shows an island I in cross-sectional view, which can be natural or filled. On this island you can find buildings, for example, or also facilities, such as an airport. 30 A problem is that the island sinks over the course of the year, which is accompanied by a flattening of the profile. To prevent this, it may be provided that the support lattice mechanism 900 be placed around the island in the form of a ring to prevent the island from changing its shape or sinking. The annular structures of the support lattice mechanism can be formed of individual segments that can be produced through ships and are connected to each other at the site. In such a case, in the lower region, annular structures of the support lattice mechanism with larger diameter are used than in the regions arranged above, as inferred from Figure 20a. A corresponding arrangement can be applied to dikes, in which case depending on the shape of the dike, the support lattice mechanism can have a straight or curved structure. The lattice support mechanisms 900 are preferably deployable and can be transported in an unfolded state, then deployed, connected to each other and then simultaneously bent. 40

As inferred from Fig. 20a, the lattice support mechanisms 900 are assembled on top of each other, interleaved with each other, to follow the outer profile of the island I. It is conceivable that the lattice support mechanisms 900 do not arm one on another , but they are interspersed with each other in oblique position and thus also connect preferably.

Figure 20a further shows that corresponding support brackets 45 '900' may also be arranged inside the island, whereby resistance can be further improved.

Figure 20b shows that a corresponding fixing structure for protection devices such as dams or dikes or other walls is also applicable. Figure 20b shows a modality with a steep left edge, that is to say that it descends vertically, of the protection device that borders the sea side. This side of the ground opposite the device is secured with lattice support mechanisms 900 armed one above the other, 50 which are arranged interspersed with each other and fully adopt the height of the protection device. Here, it is also provided that a device running parallel to the support lattice mechanisms 900 ’is provided inside the protection device.

Figure 21 shows in a top view the protection device 800, which can be carried out, for example as a wall, dam, dam or other fastening system. As this is evident from Figure 21, together with a rupture of the protection device 800, generated by a natural catastrophe, for example, there is a support lattice mechanism 820, which is longer than the rupture and of this This way is underpinned in the regions of the protection device 800 that border the break. The lattice support mechanism represents a stable construction that can serve, for example, as a base for filling sand or accumulation of sandbags, so that the rupture can be sealed comparatively fast without the danger of sand or sacks of sand removed with water.

Figure 22 shows the arrangement of a lattice support mechanism 820 on the ground side of a protection device 800 which is arranged by means of fixing devices 830 that are fixedly arranged at certain distances in the protection device 800, such as this is inferred from figure 22, lower representation.

Fundamentally, the arrangement can also be arranged on the sea side, obviously, as this is inferred from Figure 23. In this case, the support lattice mechanism 820 additionally serves as a breakwater and with this as a protection of the device 800. 15

Such a system makes it possible, if necessary, for example, before a hurricane appears on the coast, in the danger zones, to mount the 820 support trellis mechanisms to protect the coast accordingly. In this case, the lattice support mechanisms 820 are transported to the desired site in an unfolded state, deployed there and then mounted. Basically, of course it is also possible to first mount the 820 support lattice mechanisms and then deploy them. Due to the separable connection between the support trellis mechanisms 2020 and the fixing points 830, then the support trellis mechanisms 820 are disassembled and stowed again.

Figure 24 shows a ship 850, which is made with two folding lattice support mechanisms 860. The lattice support mechanisms are capable of pivoting by means of rods 870 capable of pivoting from the hull of the ship 850 outwards, as shown for the lattice support mechanism 860 25 described above. While pivoting or after pivoting, the support lattice mechanism 860 is deployed.

The lattice support mechanism 860 shown below is on the contrary closely adjacent to the hull side of the ship 860 in a corresponding cavity, so that no high current resistance is generated.

Instead of a turning action, a linear mobility is obviously conceivable as well. 30

The lattice support mechanism 860 can also serve, for example, as a protection shield for warships against projectiles or as a rescue ship or as a stabilizer, provided that water has entered the ship hull 850 or whenever a stabilization of ship 850 against high waves. In this case, the support lattice mechanisms can have air-filled chambers that can be made such that the support lattice mechanism 860 itself is capable of floating or guarantees a sufficiently high lift 35 that can prevent a sinking of the ship 850 or its shipwreck during a very high swell.

From Figure 25 it is evident that the lattice support mechanisms 860 can have a distance from each other that corresponds to the length of the waves so that the ship 850 does not oscillate or oscillate only a little.

Depending on the angle of inclination of the rods 870 or the extended state, the distance of the lattice support mechanisms 860 from the hull of the boat 850 or the other lattice support mechanism 860 can be adjusted in any way.

Figure 26 clarifies that the support lattice mechanism can also be used as a rescue bridge to another ship or as an entry or exit for a ship to load or unload.

Claims (17)

1. Support trellis mechanism, with trellis connected to each other in an articulated manner, where the support trellis mechanism has structures that are repeated successively, characterized in that the structures that are repeated successively are capable of being deployed in a structure of the pyramid type or of the truncated pyramid type, in which case the cusp of a structure is in connection with the base area of the adjacent structure or has a part of the base area of the adjacent structure. 2. The support trellis mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the support trellis mechanism has trellis bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the support trellis mechanism and the distance of at least two of the trellis bars extending in the longitudinal direction. It is modifiable with respect to the other. 10 3. Lattice support mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bars of lattice joining the structures with each other and / or because the base areas of the structures are fixed at the vertices of the base areas of the deployed structures. unfolded structures are limited by trellis bars, which are composed of two or more trellis bar segments joined together in an articulated manner, or because the trellis bars that join the trellis bars, which extend in the direction of longitudinally, they are composed of two or more of two lattice bar segments joined together in an articulated manner. 4. Lattice support mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that trellis bars are provided extending from the base area of the deployed structures, preferably from the corners of the base area of the deployed structures, towards the cusp of the structures and / or because struts extend from the cusps of the structures tending to the corners of the 20 base areas of the deployed structures that are connected in an articulated manner with the cusps and / or that are composed of two or more than two segments linked together in an articulated manner. 5. Lattice support mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base areas of the deployed structures or the area that expands by the bars of the trellis, which join the bars of the trellis that go in the longitudinal direction, are triangular or quadrangular, preferably square 25 or polygons. 6. Lattice support mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trellis support mechanism has trellis bars arranged so that they can pivot, in which case the pivoting connection is made such that one of the parts, mutually connected so that they can pivot, it has a projection and because the other of the parts, connected so that they can pivot, has a groove limited by walls on three sides, where the projection of the other part is housed so that it can pivot 7. Lattice support mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, the trellis bars have in their end region the projection and in their other end the groove or because the trellis bars have grooves or projections in their two extreme regions. 35 8. The support trellis mechanism according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a brake device is provided that fixes the trellis bars in a certain turning position, in which case the brake device is configured as a drum brake or brake shoes, in which case the shoe brake is preferably arranged in one of the parts, which are located so that they can rotate and connect with each other, and preferably have two projections which, when the brake is applied, simultaneously come into contact with the other of the parts that are connected to each other so that they can pivot. 9. Tower which is composed of a lattice support mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8. 10. Tower according to claim 9, wherein the tower serves as an evacuation tower and has stairs and / or a lift chair. 11. Bridge or building with a tower according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the tower is arranged in, or next to, the building with unfolding structures and, if necessary, can be enlarged by deploying the structures of the support lattice mechanism . 12. A transport system consisting of a support lattice mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that one or more elevators are arranged in the support lattice mechanism and because the support lattice mechanism consists of several segments. lattice mechanism 50 of support which are in connection with each other, which go in different directions such that the elevator is also movable in different corresponding directions, in which case in the support lattice mechanism there are preferably several elevators of which preferably the less one elevator can be housed in at least one other elevator. 13. Support structure for a tunnel consisting of a support lattice mechanism according to one of the 5 claims 1 to 8. 14. Tunnel with a support structure according to claim 13. 15. Clamping system for islands or protection devices, in particular dams, dams or walls with a lattice support mechanism according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which case the clamping system consists of straight or curved rings or elements or of segments of the support lattice mechanism, in which case it is preferably provided that the support lattice mechanism is located within the island or of the protection device and / or next to the island or the protection device, within limits or adjacent to these, and / or the support lattice mechanism is located on the side of the protective structure oriented towards the ground or towards the water or above the protection device, in which case the protection device preferably has fasteners in which the support trellis mechanism can be mounted. fifteen 16. Clamping system according to claim 15, characterized in that the support lattice mechanism extends in the longitudinal direction of the protection device and / or because the support lattice mechanism is composed of longitudinally extended elements or segments, which are arranged one above the other. or interspersed with each other. 17. A ship with one or more support grating structures according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which case the at least one support grating mechanism can move from the hull out of the ship and towards the hull of the ship, in particular it can pivot, in which case it is preferably provided that the at least one, support lattice mechanism has gas-filled chambers, in particular full of air or is connected with them and / or because the support lattice mechanism, at least one, is made in such a way that it has non-deployed structures, in the state not adjacent to the hull of the ship, and structures deployed in the distanced state 25 and / or because the support lattice mechanism, at least one, is passable and / or has a suitable hollow space to load and unload the ship.