ES2379094T3 - Mecanismos conmutadores para la activación segura de energía en un instrumento electroquirúrgico - Google Patents

Mecanismos conmutadores para la activación segura de energía en un instrumento electroquirúrgico Download PDF

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ES2379094T3
ES2379094T3 ES06014461T ES06014461T ES2379094T3 ES 2379094 T3 ES2379094 T3 ES 2379094T3 ES 06014461 T ES06014461 T ES 06014461T ES 06014461 T ES06014461 T ES 06014461T ES 2379094 T3 ES2379094 T3 ES 2379094T3
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contact
high energy
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Craig Weinberg
Robert Sharp
Gary M. Couture
Darren Odom
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Covidien AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00973—Surgical instruments, devices or methods pedal-operated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/014—Application surgical instrument

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Abstract

Un ensamblaje de instrumento electroquirúrgico (10), que incluye un generador de energía (18) y un instrumento electroquirúrgico (14) conectado al generador de energía, incluyendo el instrumento electroquirúrgico un mecanismo conmutador (30) que tiene un par de contactos de alta energía (32) para proporcionar una fuente de alta energía al instrumento electroquirúrgico desde el generador de energía, y un par de contactos de activación de nivel bajo (34) para activar y desactivar la fuente de alta energía, caracterizado por que el mecanismo conmutador comprende un accionador (36) que tiene una primera parte (38) para acoplar los contactos de alta energía antes del acoplamiento de los contactos de activación de nivel bajo, en el que el accionador está adaptado para moverse inicialmente para acoplarse con el par de contactos de alta energía para conectar el par de contactos de alta energía y moverse posteriormente para acoplarse con el par de contactos de activación de nivel bajo para activar el generador de energía, de modo que la alta energía es suministrada a través del par de contactos de alta energía al instrumento electroquirúrgico, con lo cual los contactos de alta energía se conectan antes de la activación de la fuente de alta energía suministrada por el generador de energía para eliminar arcos en los contactos de alta energía.

Description

Antecedentes
1. Campo tecnico
5 La presente descripci6n se refiere a mecanismos conmutadores para la activaci6n segura de energia en un instrumento electroquirurgico. Mas particularmente, la presente descripci6n se refiere a mecanismos de conmutaci6n para acoplar contactos de alta energia antes de la activaci6n de la fuente de energia.
2. Antecedentes de la tecnica relacionada
Muchos procedimientos quirurgicos mejoran mediante el uso de energia durante el procedimiento. Se han
10 desarrollado instrumentos quirurgicos espaciales para utilizar la energia durante los procedimientos quirurgicos. Estos instrumentos se denominan tipicamente "instrumentos electroquirurgicos" e incluyen disposiciones para utilizar energia para cauterizar, cortar, etc., tejido durante diversos procedimientos quirurgicos. Tipicamente, durante estos procedimientos quirurgicos, una parte distal del instrumento electroquirurgico esta acoplada al tejido y la fuente de energia es encendida, o activada, por un mecanismo de conmutaci6n para suministrar la energia al tejido. La
15 energia aplicada al tejido puede asumir diversas formas, incluyendo fuentes de energia que varian desde una microonda a corriente continua, radiofrecuencia, etc.
Pueden surgir problemas en el propio mecanismo de conmutaci6n durante la activaci6n del instrumento electroquirurgico. Estos instrumentos quirurgicos electricos incluyen mecanismos de conmutaci6n que utilizan materiales tales como cobre, lat6n, oro, plata, plasticos, etc., para los contactos de alta energia y que son altamente 20 eficaces en la transmisi6n de energia. Sin embargo, debido a la naturaleza de estos materiales, son susceptibles al dano, ya que los contactos se juntan mientras reciben energia. Especificamente, puede producirse la formaci6n de "arcos", o saltos de la energia en los contactos antes de que los contactos se junten, dado que los contactos de alta energia se juntan con la fuente de alta energia encendida. Estos arcos a menudo dan como resultado dano a los propios contactos de alta energia, reduciendo la eficacia de los contactos. Ademas, durante la mayoria de los
25 procedimientos quirurgicos que utilizan instrumentos electroquirurgicos, habitualmente se requieren multiples activaciones del instrumento quirurgico. Esto da como resultado multiples casos de arcos en los contactos de alta energia, de modo que cada suceso de formaci6n de arcos da como resultado una degradaci6n progresiva de la calidad y la eficacia de los contactos de alta energia. Por lo tanto, dado que el instrumento electroquirurgico se usa multiples veces durante la cirugia, se vuelve progresivamente menos eficaz.
30 Por lo tanto, es deseable proporcionar un mecanismo de conmutaci6n seguro que sea capaz de conectar los contactos de alta energia antes de activar la fuente de alta energia para evitar problemas tales como la formaci6n de arcos y el dano resultante a los contactos de alta energia.
El documento US 5 938 589 A describe un ensamblaje de instrumento con un dispositivo de conmutaci6n con funciones de conmutaci6n primaria y secundaria a traves del uso de un unico asa. Este documento forma la base
35 para el preambulo de la reivindicaci6n 1.
Compendio
La invenci6n es como se define en las reivindicaciones independientes
Se describe un mecanismo de conmutaci6n de activaci6n segura que tiene un par de contactos de alta energia que incluyen un primer contacto de alta de energia y un segundo contacto de alta de energia y un par de contactos de
40 activaci6n que incluyen un primer contacto de activaci6n y un segundo contacto de activaci6n. El mecanismo de conmutaci6n tambien incluye un accionador que tiene una primera parte para acoplar el primer contacto de alta de energia con el segundo contacto de alta de energia y una segunda parte para acoplar el primer contacto de activaci6n con el segundo contacto de activaci6n.
En una realizaci6n, el accionador incluye un impulsor que tiene un primer conector para acoplamiento con el par de
45 contactos de alta energia y un segundo conector para acoplamiento con el par de contactos de activaci6n. El accionador incluye un miembro de empuje situado entre los primer y segundo conectores. El accionador puede ser m6vil vertical u horizontalmente.
En otra realizaci6n, el accionador incluye un primer patin de contacto y un segundo patin de contacto, el primer y el segundo patin de contacto estan separados, de modo que el primer patin de contacto contacta con el primer
50 contacto de alta de energia antes de que el segundo patin de contacto contacte con el primer contacto de activaci6n. El segundo contacto de alta de energia y el segundo contacto de activaci6n son un contacto comun.
En una realizaci6n, el accionador incluye un impulsor que tiene una primera superficie impulsora alargada para acoplamiento con el primer contacto de alta de energia y una segunda superficie impulsora alargada para acoplamiento con el segundo contacto de alta de energia. La primera superficie impulsora alargada es sustancialmente mas larga que la segunda superficie impulsora alargada para asegurar que el contacto con el primer conector permanece en contacto antes de que el segundo conmutador se active.
En una realizaci6n, el par de contactos de alta energia incluye un conmutador de cupula y el par de contactos de activaci6n incluye un conmutador de cupula.
5 En otra realizaci6n, un accionador incluye un primer iman para acoplar el par de contactos de alta energia y un segundo iman para acoplar el par de contactos de activaci6n. El primer y segundo imanes estan conectados entre si. El primer contacto de alta de energia incluye un primer brazo flexible y el primer contacto de activaci6n incluye un segundo brazo flexible, los primer y segundo brazos flexibles pueden acoplarse con un contacto comun.
Tambien se proporciona un ensamblaje de instrumento electroquirurgico que incluye un generador de energia y un
10 instrumento electroquirurgico conectado al generador de energia, el instrumento electroquirurgico incluye un mecanismo conmutador que tiene un par de contactos de alta energia, un par de contactos de activaci6n y un accionador que tiene una primera parte para acoplarse a los contactos de alta energia antes de acoplarse a los contactos de activaci6n.
Tambien se proporciona un metodo de activaci6n de forma segura de un instrumento electroquirurgico de alta
15 energia, proporcionando un mecanismo conmutador que incluye un par de contactos de alta energia, un par de contactos de activaci6n y un accionador acoplable con los contactos de alta energia y los contactos de activaci6n. El accionador se mueve a acoplamiento con el par de contactos de alta energia y posteriormente el accionador se mueve a acoplamiento con el par de contactos de activaci6n.
Descripcion de los dibujos
20 En la presente memoria se describen diversas realizaciones de los mecanismos de conmutaci6n descritos en la presente invenci6n, en referencia a los dibujos, en los que:
La figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva de un instrumento electroquirurgico y un generador de energia para su uso con los mecanismos de conmutaci6n descritos;
La figura 2 es una vista esquematica de una primera realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado 25 verticalmente;
La figura 3 es una vista esquematica de una segunda realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado verticalmente;
La figura 4 es una vista esquematica de una primera realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado horizontalmente;
30 La figura 5 es una vista esquematica de una segunda realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado horizontalmente;
La figura 6 es una vista esquematica de una tercera realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado horizontalmente; y
La figura 7 es una vista esquematica de una cuarta realizaci6n de un mecanismo de conmutaci6n accionado 35 horizontalmente.
Descripcion detallada
A continuaci6n se describiran en detalle realizaciones de los mecanismos de conmutaci6n descritos en la presente invenci6n, en referencia a los dibujos, en los que numeros similares designan elementos identicos o correspondientes en cada una de las varias vistas. Como es habitual en la tecnica, el termino "proximal" se refiere a
40 la parte o componente mas cercano al usuario u operador, es decir cirujano o facultativo, mientras que el termino "distal" se refiere a la parte o componente mas alejado del usuario.
En referencia a la figura 1, se describe una realizaci6n de un ensamblaje de instrumento electroquirurgico 10 del tipo usado durante algunos procedimientos quirurgicos. El ensamblaje de instrumento electroquirurgico 10 generalmente incluye un generador de energia 12 y un instrumento electroquirurgico 14 conectados mediante un cable de
45 transmisi6n 16. El generador de energia 12 puede suministrar diversas fuentes de "alta" energia al instrumento electroquirurgico 14. Como se usa en la presente memoria, la expresi6n "alta energia" se refiere a diversas fuentes de energia, es decir alta corriente/alto voltaje, aplicadas al tejido durante los procedimientos electroquirurgicos. Estos tipos de alta energia pueden incluir, fuentes de energia que varian entre microondas y corriente continua, radiofrecuencia, etc.
50 El instrumento electroquirurgico 14 generalmente incluye un asa 20 que tiene un miembro tubular alargado 22 que se extiende distalmente desde esta. Un efector del extremo 24, tal como, por ejemplo, un par de mandibulas 26, esta provisto en un extremo distal del miembro tubular alargado 22 para acoplarse a y operar sobre el tejido. Un asa pivotante, o activador 28, esta provisto en el asa 20 para manejar el efector del extremo 24. Un mecanismo conmutador seguro 30 esta provisto en el asa 20 para activar el generador de energia 12 y proporcionar una fuente de alta energia para el efector del extremo 24.
Durante un procedimiento quirurgico que requiere la aplicaci6n de alta energia al tejido, el instrumento
5 electroquirurgico 14 es manipulado de modo que el efector del extremo 24 se situe alrededor del tejido. El activador 28 es accionado para hacer que el efector del extremo 24 realice su funci6n pretendida sobre el tejido, tal como, por ejemplo, sujetar, grapar, cortar, etc. Seguidamente, el mecanismo conmutador 30 puede activarse para suministrar alta energia al tejido. El mecanismo conmutador 30 opera de una manera descrita a continuaci6n en la presente memoria con respecto a las diversas realizaciones descritas, de modo que los contactos de alta energia contenidos
10 en su interior no resulten danados ni degradados, permitiendo que el instrumento electroquirurgico 14 se use repetidamente con el mismo grado de eficacia. Especificamente, el mecanismo conmutador 30 contiene un conmutador de contacto de multiples polos que tiene una linea de activaci6n de nivel bajo, o contactos, que se pone en contacto o se conecta despues de que se ha realizado el contacto o la conexi6n para la fuente de alta energia, para activar la fuente de energia. El orden inverso de operaci6n desactivara la fuente de alta energia antes de que
15 los contactos de alta energia se separen. Al accionar los contactos de alta energia y la linea de activaci6n de nivel bajo o los contactos en este orden, se evitan los arcos asociados con la conmutaci6n directa de la fuente de alta energia y los efectos negativos asociados con ellos.
Aunque el mecanismo conmutador 30 se describe estando incorporado en el instrumento electroquirurgico 14, el mecanismo conmutador 30 puede estar provisto en el generador de energia 12 o el instrumento electroquirurgico 14.
20 Cuando el mecanismo conmutador 30 esta provisto en el instrumento electroquirurgico 14, los diversos componentes del instrumento electroquirurgico 14 se construyen de modo que la fuente de alta energia este aislada del paciente de diversas maneras como se conoce en la tecnica.
En referencia ahora a la figura 2, a continuaci6n se describiran los componentes generales y el funcionamiento del mecanismo conmutador 30. El mecanismo conmutador 30 generalmente incluye un par de contactos de alta energia
25 32 y un par de contactos de activaci6n 34. Los contactos de alta energia 32 proporcionan una fuente de alta energia al instrumento electroquirurgico 14 desde el generador 12, mientras que los contactos de activaci6n 34 activan y desactivan la fuente de alta energia. Un accionador 36, que tiene una superficie impulsora 38, esta provisto para conectar los polos de los contactos de alta energia 32 y los contactos de activaci6n 34.
Durante el uso, el accionador 36 se hace descender verticalmente a traves de un impulso inicial S1 para acoplar la
30 superficie impulsora 38 con los contactos de alta energia 32 conectando de este modo los polos contenidos en los contactos de alta energia 32. Esto permite que los contactos de alta energia 32 se conecten antes de la activaci6n de la fuente de energia suministrada por el generador de energia 12 eliminando de este modo completamente cualquier posibilidad de formaci6n de arcos en los contactos de alta energia 32. Seguidamente, el accionador 36 se mueve mediante un segundo impulso S2, que es mayor que el impulso S1, para acoplar y conectar los contactos de
35 activaci6n 34. Esto activa el generador de energia 12 suministrando de este modo una fuente de alta energia a traves de los contactos de alta energia 32 al instrumento electroquirurgico 14. Aunque no se muestra especificamente, a medida que el accionador 36 se mueve mediante el segundo impulso S2, los contactos de alta energia 32 se hacen descender junto con el accionador 36.
Una vez que el instrumento electroquirurgico 14 ha sido usado para operar sobre el tejido, el mecanismo
40 conmutador 30 puede apagarse. Especificamente, a medida que se libera el accionador 36, este vuelve verticalmente mediante el impulso S2 desacoplando de este modo los contactos de activaci6n 34 mientras mantiene la conexi6n entre los contactos de alta energia 32. Esto impide la formaci6n de arcos destructivos entre los contactos de alta energia 32, dado que el generador de energia 12 esta apagado. La liberaci6n adicional del accionador 36 mediante el impulso S1 desacopla los contactos de alta energia 32.
45 En referencia ahora a la figura 3, se describe una realizaci6n alternativa de un mecanismo conmutador seguro accionado verticalmente. El mecanismo conmutador 40 generalmente incluye un par de contactos de alta energia 42, que incluyen un primer polo o contacto de alta energia 44 y un segundo polo o contacto de alta energia 46, y un par de contactos de activaci6n de bajo nivel 48, que incluye un primer contacto de activaci6n 50 y un segundo contacto de activaci6n 52. Un accionador 54 esta provisto para reunir inicialmente a los primer y segundo contactos
50 de alta de energia 44 y 46 y posteriormente conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 50 con el segundo contacto de activaci6n 52 para activar el generador de energia 12. El accionador 54 incluye un primer conector 56 para conectar el primer contacto de alta de energia 44 con el segundo contacto de alta de energia 46. El accionador 54 tambien incluye un segundo conector 58 para conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 50 con el segundo contacto de activaci6n 52. El accionador 54 esta provisto de un impulsor 60 para mover a los primer y segundo conectores 56 y
55 58. El impulsor 60 esta conectado al primer conector 56 en un primer punto 62 y conectado al segundo conector 58 en un segundo punto 64.
Un miembro de empuje 66 esta provisto intermedio entre el primer conector 56 y segundo conector 58. El miembro de empuje 66 puede estar formado por cualquier material elastico, tal como un muelle o un elast6mero. El miembro de empuje 66 esta provisto para mantener al primer conector 56 en acoplamiento con el par de contactos de alta 60 energia 42 mientras se hace que el segundo conector 58 se acople con el par de contactos de activaci6n 48 para
impedir la formaci6n de arcos mientras el mecanismo conmutador 40 se enciende. Adicionalmente, el miembro de empuje 66 mantiene al primer conector 56 en acoplamiento con el par de contactos de alta energia 42 mientras el segundo conector 58 se libera de los contactos de activaci6n 48 eliminando de este modo los arcos mientras el mecanismo conmutador 40 se apaga.
5 Durante el uso, se realiza un procedimiento quirurgico con el instrumento electroquirurgico 14 de una manera descrita anteriormente en la presente memoria. El mecanismo conmutador 40 se acciona para proporcionar una fuente de alta energia al efector del extremo 24. Especificamente, el impulsor 60 se hace descender para mover el primer conector 56 mediante un impulso S3 conectando de este modo el primer contacto de alta de energia 44 con el segundo contacto de alta de energia 46 antes de la activaci6n de una fuente de energia impidiendo de este modo
10 cualquier arco mientras se activa el mecanismo conmutador 40. El descenso adicional del impulsor 60 mueve al segundo conector 58 contra el empuje del miembro de empuje 66 y mediante un impulso adicional S4 para conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 50 con el segundo contacto de activaci6n 52 para encender el generador de energia 12 y proporcion6 una fuente de alta energia al instrumento electroquirurgico 14. Despues de la liberaci6n del impulsor 60, el segundo conector 58 se desacopla de los primer y segundo contactos de activaci6n 50 y 52 mientras
15 que el miembro de empuje 66 mantiene al primer conector 56 en acoplamiento con los primer y segundo contactos de alta de energia 44 y 46. Esto impide la formaci6n de arcos mientras se apaga el mecanismo conmutador 40.
A continuaci6n se describiran mecanismos de conmutaci6n seguros adicionales, que son accionados horizontalmente, en referencia a las figuras 4�7. En referencia a la figura 4, se describe un mecanismo conmutador accionado horizontalmente 70 que incluye un par de contactos de alta energia 72 y un par de contactos de 20 activaci6n 74. El par de contactos de alta energia 72 incluye un primer contacto de alta de energia 76 y el par de contactos de activaci6n 74 incluye un primer contacto de activaci6n 78. El par de contactos de alta energia 72 y el par de contactos de activaci6n 74 comparten un segundo contacto comun 80. El mecanismo conmutador 70 tambien incluye un accionador m6vil horizontalmente 82 para conectar inicialmente el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 con el contacto comun 80 y posteriormente conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 78 con el contacto comun 80.
25 El accionador 82 incluye, ademas, un primer conector o patin de contacto 86 y un segundo conector o patin de contacto 88. El patin de contacto 86 esta provisto para conectar el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 con el contacto comun 80 y el patin de contacto 88 esta provisto para conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 78 con el contacto comun 80.
El patin de contacto 86 se extiende desde una superficie inferior 90 del impulsor 84 y contacta con una primera
30 superficie 92 en el primer contacto de alta de energia 76. Analogamente, el patin de contacto 88 se extiende desde la superficie inferior 90 del impulsor 84 y contacta con una superficie 94 del primer contacto de activaci6n 78. Los patines de contacto 86 y 88 estan separados a lo largo de la superficie inferior 90 del impulsor 84 de modo que el movimiento horizontal del impulsor 84 da como resultado que el patin de contacto 86 contacta inicialmente con el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 antes de que el patin de contacto 88 contacte con el primer contacto de
35 activaci6n 78. Por lo tanto, durante el uso, a medida que el impulsor 84 se mueve horizontalmente mediante un primer impulso, el patin de contacto 86 se acopla al primer contacto de alta de energia 76 para conectar de este modo el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 con el contacto comun 80. Esto completa la conexi6n entre los contactos de alta energia 76 y 80 antes de la activaci6n del generador de energia 12 impidiendo de este modo cualquier posibilidad de la formaci6n de arcos entre los contactos de alta energia 76 y 80. A medida que el impulsor
40 84 se mueve horizontalmente mediante un segundo impulso, el patin de contacto 86 sigue montado sobre la superficie del primer contacto de alta de energia 92 a medida que el patin de contacto 88 se acopla con la primera superficie de activaci6n 94 del primer contacto de activaci6n 78. El acoplamiento del patin de contacto 88 con el primer contacto de activaci6n 78 completa la conexi6n entre el primer contacto de activaci6n 78 y el contacto comun 80 para activar al generador de energia 12.
45 Una vez que se ha completado el procedimiento electroquirurgico, el movimiento del impulsor 84 en la direcci6n opuesta hace que el patin de contacto 88 se desacople del primer contacto de activaci6n 78 para desactivar el generador de energia 12 mientras se mantiene la conexi6n entre el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 y el contacto comun 80 reduciendo de este modo cualquier posibilidad de formaci6n de arcos mientras se desactiva el generador de energia 12. �inalmente, el movimiento adicional del impulsor 84 hace que el patin de contacto 86 se
50 desacople del primer contacto de alta de energia 76.
En referencia ahora a la figura 5, se describe una realizaci6n adicional de un mecanismo conmutador 100 que es sustancialmente identico al mecanismo conmutador 70. Sin embargo, el mecanismo conmutador 100 incorpora un segundo contacto de alta de energia separado 102 y un segundo contacto de activaci6n separado 104 en lugar del contacto comun 80 descrito en el mecanismo conmutador 70. Por lo tanto, durante el uso, el movimiento inicial del 55 impulsor 84 mediante un primer impulso hace que el patin de contacto 86 se acople a la superficie del primer contacto de alta de energia 92 del primer contacto de alta de energia 76 para conectar el primer contacto de alta de energia 76 con el segundo contacto de alta de energia 102. El movimiento horizontal adicional del impulsor 84 mediante un segundo impulso hace que el patin de contacto 88 se acople con la primera superficie de activaci6n 94 del primer contacto de activaci6n 78 para conectar el primer contacto de activaci6n 78 con el segundo contacto de 60 activaci6n 104. El movimiento inverso del impulsor 72 opera de manera similar para desacoplar inicialmente los primer y segundo contactos de activaci6n 78 y 104 para apagar la energia suministrada por el generador de energia 12 y posteriormente desacoplar los primer y segundo contactos de alta de energia 76 y 102, respectivamente. Como
con realizaciones anteriores, el acoplamiento de los contactos de alta energia antes del acoplamiento de los contactos de activaci6n evita la formaci6n de arcos durante la activaci6n del generador de energia 12 y, analogamente, el desacoplamiento de los contactos de activaci6n antes del desacoplamiento de los contactos de alta energia evita la formaci6n de arcos durante la desactivaci6n del generador de energia 12.
5 En referencia a la figura 6, se describe una realizaci6n adicional de un mecanismo conmutador seguro accionado horizontalmente. El mecanismo conmutador 110 se fabrica utilizando conmutadores de cupula capaces de manejar 1,5 A, 300 � y 10 �, 500 ma, y de materiales capaces de soportar el entorno quirurgico definido en la norma �EC 60601�2�2. El mecanismo conmutador 110 incluye un par de contactos de alta energia 112 y un par de contactos de activaci6n 114. El par de contactos de alta energia 112 incluye un primer contacto de alta de energia 116 y un
10 segundo contacto de alta de energia 118. El par de contactos de activaci6n 114 incluye un primer contacto de activaci6n 120 y un segundo contacto de activaci6n 124. Un accionador 126, que incluye un impulsor 128, esta provisto para acoplar los diversos contactos. Especificamente, el impulsor 128 incluye una primera superficie impulsora alargada 130 que tiene un borde delantero 132. El impulsor 128 tambien incluye una segunda superficie impulsora alargada 134 que tiene un borde delantero 136. La primera superficie impulsora alargada 130 es
15 sustancialmente mas larga que la segunda superficie impulsora alargada 134 para acoplar el primer contacto de alta de energia 116 con el segundo contacto de alta de energia 118 antes del acoplamiento del par de contactos de activaci6n 114.
Como se ha indicado anteriormente en la presente memoria, el mecanismo conmutador 110 esta provisto de un par de conmutadores de cupula tipicos 138a y 138b, que funcionan de manera conocida, para acoplar el par de
20 contactos de alta energia 112 y el par de contactos de activaci6n 114 en respuesta al movimiento horizontal del impulsor 128.
Durante el uso, como con realizaciones anteriores, posteriormente a o junto con la realizaci6n del procedimiento quirurgico con el instrumento electroquirurgico 14, el mecanismo conmutador 110 se activa moviendo el impulsor 128 horizontalmente. A medida que el impulsor 128 se mueve horizontalmente mediante un primer impulso, el borde 25 delantero 132 de la superficie impulsora alargada 130 se acopla con el conmutador de cupula 138a para hacer inicialmente que el primer contacto de alta de energia 116 se acople con el segundo contacto de alta de energia
118. El movimiento horizontal adicional del impulsor 128 mediante un segundo impulso hace que el borde delantero 136 de la segunda superficie impulsora alargada 134 se acople con el segundo conmutador de cupula 138b haciendo de este modo que el primer contacto de activaci6n 120 se acople con el segundo contacto de activaci6n 30 124 para activar el generador de energia 12 y proporcionar una fuente de energia para el instrumento electroquirurgico 14. Como con realizaciones anteriores, el mecanismo conmutador 110 permite que los contactos de alta energia 116 y 118 se conecten antes de activar el generador de energia 12 evitando de este modo cualquier arco, y el dano resultante, mientras los contactos de alta energia 116 y 118 se unen. Analogamente, a medida que el impulsor 128 se mueve horizontalmente en la direcci6n inversa, el conmutador de cupula 138b desacopla el primer
35 contacto de activaci6n 120 del segundo contacto de activaci6n 124 antes de desconectar el primer par de contactos de alta energia 112 para impedir la formaci6n de arcos mientras se desactiva el generador de energia 12.
En referencia a la figura 7, se describe un mecanismo de conmutaci6n seguro accionado horizontalmente adicional 140 que utiliza imanes para unir a los diversos contactos. El mecanismo conmutador 140 incluye un par de contactos de alta energia 142, que incluyen un primer contacto de alta de energia 144, y un par de contactos de activaci6n 146
40 que incluyen un primer contacto de activaci6n 148. Similar al mecanismo conmutador 70 descrito anteriormente en la presente memoria, el mecanismo conmutador 140 esta provisto de un contacto comun 150 que sirve como segundos contactos para el par de contactos de alta energia 142 y el par de contactos de activaci6n 146.
El mecanismo conmutador 140 incluye un accionador 152 que incluye un primer iman 154 y un segundo iman 156. Los primer y segundo imanes 154, 156 pueden estar interconectados para moverse simultaneamente en horizontal 45 �o pueden estar provistos por separado para ser accionados individualmente�. Para conectar el primer contacto de alta de energia 144 con el contacto comun 150, el primer contacto de alta de energia 144 incluye un brazo de alta energia 158. El brazo de alta energia 158 es suficientemente flexible para ser llevado a acoplamiento con el contacto comun 150 en respuesta al movimiento del iman 154. Analogamente, el primer contacto de activaci6n 148 incluye un brazo de activaci6n 160. El brazo de activaci6n 160 es suficientemente flexible para ser llevado a acoplamiento con
50 el contacto comun 150 en respuesta al movimiento del iman 156. El contacto comun 150 puede fijarse dentro de una carcasa 162 para evitar cualquier movimiento del contacto comun 150 en respuesta al movimiento de los imanes 154 6 156.
Durante el uso, los imanes 154 y 156 se mueven horizontalmente mediante un impulso inicial. El iman 154 es suficientemente mas largo que iman 156 de modo que el iman 154 arrastra al brazo de contacto de alta energia 158 55 para que se acople con el contacto comun 150 antes del acoplamiento del par de contactos de activaci6n 146. Por lo tanto, el acoplamiento del par de contactos de alta energia 142 se consigue antes del acoplamiento del par de contactos de activaci6n 146 para impedir la formaci6n de arcos entre los contactos de alta energia 142 mientras el generador de energia 12 se activa. Los imanes 154 y 156 se mueven a continuaci6n mediante un segundo impulso para arrastrar al iman 156 sobre el brazo de contacto de activaci6n 160 haciendo de este modo que el brazo de 60 contacto de activaci6n 160 se acople con el contacto comun 150 para activar al generador de energia 12 y proporcionar una fuente de alta energia para el instrumento electroquirurgico 14. Como con realizaciones anteriores,
una vez que el procedimiento electroquirurgico se ha completado, el movimiento del accionador 152 en la direcci6n horizontal inversa arrastra inicialmente a los imanes 154 y 156 de modo que el iman 156 libera al brazo de activaci6n 160 del contacto comun 150 para desactivar el generador de energia 12 impidiendo de este modo la formaci6n de arcos entre el par de contactos de alta energia 142. Seguidamente, el movimiento adicional del accionador 152 en la
5 direcci6n horizontal inversa mueve el iman 154 de modo que el iman 154 libera el brazo de contacto de alta energia 158 del contacto comun 150.
Se entendera que pueden realizarse diversas modificaciones a las realizaciones descritas en la presente memoria. Por ejemplo, aunque las realizaciones descritas del mecanismo conmutador seguro se han descrito como accionadas vertical u horizontalmente, los movimientos relativos son intercambiables o combinables dependiendo de 10 la orientaci6n del conmutador en el generador de energia o instrumento electroquirurgico. Ademas, no es necesario que el movimiento del accionador en el mecanismo conmutador sea lineal, sino que tambien puede incluir funciones rotatorias para acoplar inicialmente los contactos de alta energia antes de la activaci6n de un generador de energia. Adicionalmente, no es necesario que los mecanismos de conmutaci6n descritos se incorporen directamente en el generador de energia o el instrumento electroquirurgico sino que pueden estar provistos intermedios o externamente
15 a estos en una forma, tal como, por ejemplo, un pedal y conmutador, etc. Por lo tanto, la descripci6n anterior debe interpretarse como ejemplificaciones de realizaciones particulares.

Claims (11)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    10 posteriormente para acoplarse con el par de contactos de activaci6n de nivel bajo para activar el generador de energia, de modo que la alta energia es suministrada a traves del par de contactos de alta energia al instrumento electroquirurgico, con lo cual los contactos de alta energia se conectan antes de la activaci6n de la fuente de alta energia suministrada por el generador de energia para eliminar arcos en los contactos de alta energia.
  2. 2. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, en el que el accionador incluye un impulsor �60� que tiene un
    15 primer conector �56� para acoplamiento con el par de contactos de alta energia y un segundo conector �58� para acoplamiento con el par de contactos de activaci6n de nivel bajo.
  3. 3.
    El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 2, en el que el accionador incluye un miembro de empuje �66� situado entre los primer y segundo conectores.
  4. 4.
    El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, 2 6 3, en el que el accionador es m6vil verticalmente.
    20 5. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1 6 2, en el que el accionador es m6vil horizontalmente.
  5. 6. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, 2 6 5, en el que el accionador incluye un primer patin de contacto �86� y un segundo patin de contacto �88�, el primer y segundo patines de contacto estan separados, de modo que el primer patin de contacto contacta y permanece en contacto con el primer contacto de alta energia antes de que el segundo patin de contacto contacte con el primer contacto de activaci6n de nivel bajo.
    25 7. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1 6 5, en el que el accionador incluye un primer iman �154� para acoplar el par de contactos de alta energia y un segundo iman �156� para acoplar el par de contactos de activaci6n de nivel bajo.
  6. 8. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1 6 5, en el que el accionador incluye un impulsor �126� que tiene una primera superficie impulsora alargada �130, 132� para acoplamiento con el primer contacto de alta energia.
    30 9. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 8, en el que el impulsor incluye una segunda superficie impulsora alargada �134, 136� para acoplamiento con el segundo contacto de alta energia.
  7. 10. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 9, en el que la primera superficie impulsora alargada es sustancialmente mas larga que la segunda superficie impulsora alargada.
  8. 11. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, 8, 9 6 10, en el que el par de contactos de alta energia incluye 35 un conmutador de cupula �138a�.
  9. 12.
    El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, 8, 9, 10 u 11, en el que el par de contactos de activaci6n de nivel bajo incluye un conmutador de cupula �138b�.
  10. 13.
    El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, 6 6 7, en el que el segundo contacto de alta energia y el segundo contacto de activaci6n de nivel bajo son un contacto comun �80�.
    40 14. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 7, en el que los primer y segundo imanes estan conectados entre si.
  11. 15. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 13 cuando depende de la reivindicaci6n 7, en el que el primer contacto de alta energia incluye un primer brazo flexible �158� y el primer contacto de activaci6n incluye un segundo brazo flexible �160�, los primer y segundo brazos flexibles acoplables con el contacto comun.
    45 16. El ensamblaje de acuerdo con la reivindicaci6n 1, en el que el accionador es m6vil en una direcci6n tanto horizontal como vertical para acoplar al menos uno de los primer y segundo contactos de alta energia y los primer y segundo contactos de activaci6n.
    FIG. 3
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US20070016187A1 (en) 2007-01-18
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CA2551839C (en) 2014-09-23
EP1744334B1 (en) 2012-02-29

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