ES2566077B2 - System and procedure for the generation of a constant temperature zone on a surface - Google Patents
System and procedure for the generation of a constant temperature zone on a surface Download PDFInfo
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- ES2566077B2 ES2566077B2 ES201400585A ES201400585A ES2566077B2 ES 2566077 B2 ES2566077 B2 ES 2566077B2 ES 201400585 A ES201400585 A ES 201400585A ES 201400585 A ES201400585 A ES 201400585A ES 2566077 B2 ES2566077 B2 ES 2566077B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/27—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element responsive to radiation
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Abstract
Sistema y procedimiento para la generación de una zona de temperatura constante en una superficie.#El sistema comprende un subsistema láser (1) que a través de una fibra óptica (3) y tras un elemento de control (8) envía un patrón de anillo o corona circular mediante una lente cónica (5) pudiendo dicho anillo cambiar de diámetro gracias a una lente de enfoque variable (8) comprendiendo además un diafragma con colimador adicional (7), todo ello de manera tal que los patrones en anillo generados de potencia y radio variables se controlan en función de las imágenes obtenidas mediante una cámaras térmicas (10) para conseguir mediante un algoritmo o procedimiento adecuado, una zona de temperatura constante sobre la muestra lo que nos facilitará caracterizar el comportamiento en temperatura de una muestra o probeta (9) de material a estudiar.System and procedure for the generation of a constant temperature zone on a surface. # The system comprises a laser subsystem (1) that, through an optical fiber (3) and after a control element (8) sends a ring pattern or circular crown by means of a conical lens (5) said ring being able to change in diameter thanks to a variable focus lens (8) further comprising a diaphragm with additional collimator (7), all in such a way that the ring patterns generated from power and radio variables are controlled according to the images obtained by means of a thermal cameras (10) to achieve, by means of an appropriate algorithm or procedure, a constant temperature zone on the sample which will facilitate us to characterize the temperature behavior of a sample or test tube ( 9) of material to study.
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Sistema y procedimiento para la generation de una zona de temperatura constante en una superficie.System and procedure for the generation of a constant temperature zone on a surface.
Objeto de la invencionObject of the invention
La presente invencion se refiere a un sistema capaz de generar una zona de temperatura constante en la superficie de un material. A grandes rasgos, el sistema esta compuesto por un subsistema laser junto con una optica de adaptation y un subsistema de control unido a un sensor de imagen que capta la temperatura de la superficie a calentar. El sistema de control incluye un software de reconocimiento y para comandar la optica de adaptacion.The present invention relates to a system capable of generating a constant temperature zone on the surface of a material. Broadly speaking, the system is composed of a laser subsystem together with an adaptation optics and a control subsystem attached to an image sensor that captures the temperature of the surface to be heated. The control system includes recognition software and to command the optics of adaptation.
La principal caracterlstica del sistema junto con el procedimiento a seguir es que crea una superficie, en principio circular, con una distribution de temperatura en su interior que presenta un gradiente proximo a cero lo que se traduce en una temperatura practicamente constante a lo largo de toda la zona interior que en una implementacion preferida se ha elegido como un clrculo.The main feature of the system together with the procedure to follow is that it creates a surface, in principle circular, with a temperature distribution inside that presents a gradient close to zero which translates into a practically constant temperature throughout the inner zone that in a preferred implementation has been chosen as a calculation.
El sistema esta previsto para su aplicacion preferentemente en la caracterizacion de probetas de materiales y dentro de estos los compuestos o composites, plasticos y otros en los que dicha caracterizacion se realiza generando un pico de energla en una zona previamente mantenida a una temperatura constante. El comportamiento de dicho material al impulso de energla generada por un segundo laser o bien por el mismo laser concentrado en la zona central de la zona anterior permite determinar las propiedades del material frente a la temperatura en base a ciertos modelos flsico-matematicos que se salen del interes de este documento.The system is intended for application preferably in the characterization of specimens of materials and within these the compounds or composites, plastics and others in which said characterization is performed by generating a peak of energy in a previously maintained area at a constant temperature. The behavior of said material to the impulse of energy generated by a second laser or by the same laser concentrated in the central zone of the anterior zone allows to determine the properties of the material against temperature based on certain physical-mathematical models that leave of interest in this document.
El objeto de la invencion es crear de forma eficiente y no costosa una zona, preferentemente circular, en la superficie de un material a estudiar con una temperatura constante. Tras ello una segunda excitation, esta vez mas pequena pero de mayor energla permitira una subida instantanea de la temperatura en el centro de la zona bajo estudio desde la inicial que se habla obtenido con anterioridad. La subsiguiente evolution del pulso central generado nos proporcionara en un estudio posterior las caracterlsticas del material excitado.The object of the invention is to efficiently and inexpensively create an area, preferably circular, on the surface of a material to be studied at a constant temperature. After this, a second excitation, this time smaller but with greater energy, will allow an instant temperature rise in the center of the area under study from the initial one that has been previously obtained. The subsequent evolution of the generated central pulse will give us in a later study the characteristics of the excited material.
De esta forma el experimento de caracterizacion del material podra hacerse de forma rapida y limpia con un sistema relativamente simple que permitira los objetivos enunciados. Esto es, obtener inicialmente una zona de temperatura constante sobre la que generar un pulso de temperatura cuyos resultados seran el objeto de estudio que permitira caracterizar al material en cuanto a sus propiedades y comportamiento frente a la temperatura.In this way the experiment of characterization of the material can be done quickly and cleanly with a relatively simple system that will allow the stated objectives. That is, initially obtaining a constant temperature zone on which to generate a temperature pulse whose results will be the object of study that will allow the material to be characterized in terms of its properties and behavior against temperature.
Antecedentes de la invencionBackground of the invention
En determinadas circunstancias como puede ser en aquellos casos cuando se desea determinar el comportamiento de un material frente a la temperatura, es necesario poder calentar el material o una zona del mismo hasta alcanzar un valor concreto de esta y mantener dicho valor constante en una zona suficientemente amplia con el fin de que, una vez logrado esto, se pueda proceder a generar un pulso de temperatura de menorIn certain circumstances such as in those cases when it is desired to determine the behavior of a material against the temperature, it is necessary to be able to heat the material or a zone of it until reaching a specific value of it and keep said constant value in a sufficiently wide so that, once this is achieved, a lower temperature pulse can be generated
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alcance superficial que permita estudiar la difusion del calor en el material que estaba a la temperatura de partida frente a este pulso; ese comportamiento permitira determinar las propiedades del material. Este calentamiento se puede realizar mediante diversos metodos pero el que aqu proponemos esta basado en el uso de un subsistema laser y constituye el objeto de esta invencion.surface range that allows to study the diffusion of heat in the material that was at the starting temperature against this pulse; This behavior will allow to determine the properties of the material. This heating can be done by various methods but the one we propose here is based on the use of a laser subsystem and is the object of this invention.
Cuando una superficie se excita con un spot o drculo laser, la temperatura de la misma evoluciona generando una distribucion gaussiana en la que la parte central adquiere una temperatura significativamente superior debido a que el calor no puede evacuarse de la misma forma que en las zonas internas que en la periferia.When a surface is excited with a spot or laser circle, its temperature evolves generating a Gaussian distribution in which the central part acquires a significantly higher temperature because the heat cannot be evacuated in the same way as in the internal areas than on the periphery
Pruebas realizadas incluso con una forma de tipo "top hat" en la superficie de la muestra, generan con el tiempo una distribucion gaussiana que no es la mas conveniente para el estudio que se pretende. Una manera de obtener un drculo de temperatura constante seha disponer de un laser de muy alta energia y distribucion constante que instantaneamente hiciera subir dicha temperatura al valor deseado de base, previo a la excitacion puntual a realizar para la caracterizacion del material. No obstante esta solucion es demasiado costosa por la energia requerida en el laser que crea la zona de temperatura constante.Tests carried out even with a "top hat" type on the surface of the sample, generate over time a Gaussian distribution that is not the most convenient for the intended study. One way to obtain a constant temperature circle is to have a laser of very high energy and constant distribution that would instantly raise said temperature to the desired base value, prior to the point excitation to be performed for the characterization of the material. However, this solution is too expensive because of the energy required in the laser that creates the constant temperature zone.
Descripcion de la invencionDescription of the invention
El sistema que se preconiza, esta previsto para generar excitaciones de temperatura en la superficie de determinados materiales con el fin de poder caracterizarlos en cuanto a su comportamiento frente a dicha temperatura.The system that is recommended is intended to generate temperature excitations on the surface of certain materials in order to be able to characterize them in terms of their behavior against said temperature.
El objetivo del sistema y el procedimiento que se exponen es crear como forma preferida y no excluyente, una zona circular en cuyo interior la temperatura se va a mantener constante.The objective of the system and the procedure that is exposed is to create as a preferred and non-exclusive way, a circular zone in whose interior the temperature is going to keep constant.
El procedimiento comienza por generar inicialmente una corona de temperatura constante, con forma de anillo centrado en un punto arbitrario P y con un radio maximo Rmax que va a determinar el tamano de nuestra zona de excitacion. (Fuera de esta se va a producir una distribucion gaussiana que no sera de interes para el proceso).The procedure begins by initially generating a constant temperature crown, with a ring shape centered on an arbitrary point P and with a maximum radius Rmax that will determine the size of our excitation zone. (Outside of this, a Gaussian distribution will be produced that will not be of interest to the process).
La zona inicial es generada por el sistema objeto de esta invencion mediante el empleo de un subsistema laser que en una implementacion preferida y sin perdida de generalidad puede ser un laser basado en fibra optica con una longitud de onda que en general dependera del material a caracterizar y que en nuestro caso hemos elegido en unos 800 nm, sin perjuicio de otras longitudes de onda segun el caso.The initial zone is generated by the system object of this invention through the use of a laser subsystem which in a preferred implementation and without loss of generality can be a laser based on optical fiber with a wavelength that generally depends on the material to be characterized. and that in our case we have chosen in about 800 nm, notwithstanding other wavelengths according to the case.
La salida de la fibra optica es colimada en un colimador para eliminar la dispersion del haz que a continuacion es enfocado en el centro de una lente conica generadora de una radiacion de luz en forma de anillo. En esta lente tambien denominada normalmente axicom, debe incidir el haz colimado y concentrado, proyectandose sobre la parte concava de la misma de forma precisa, para generar un cono de luz que daha lugar a un anillo o superficie con forma de corona circular si se proyecta sobre una pantalla plana ortogonal al eje del mismo.The output of the optical fiber is collimated in a collimator to eliminate the dispersion of the beam that is then focused on the center of a conical lens generating a ring-shaped light radiation. In this lens also normally referred to as axicom, the collimated and concentrated beam must strike, projecting on the concave part of it precisely, to generate a cone of light that gives rise to a ring or surface shaped like a circular crown if projected on a flat screen orthogonal to its axis.
Una vez obtenido el anillo el cono generado atraviesa un conjunto formado por una lente de colimacion adicional y una lente de enfoque controlada electricamente, que permiteOnce the ring is obtained, the generated cone passes through an assembly formed by an additional collimation lens and an electrically controlled focusing lens, which allows
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modificar su foco, y cuya mision es cambiar el diametro del anillo o corona circular generada en la fase anterior.modify its focus, and whose mission is to change the diameter of the ring or circular crown generated in the previous phase.
Hasta este momento hemos descrito el sistema que nos permite obtener una corona circular, sobre la superficie de una muestra, cuyo radio podemos variar electronicamente.So far we have described the system that allows us to obtain a circular crown, on the surface of a sample, whose radius we can vary electronically.
Ademas de los elementos opticos descritos, el sistema se compone de un procesador o de un ordenador encargado de controlar la lente anterior de forma que asl pueda controlar el diametro de la corona circular a que nos hemos referido. Tambien el sistema comprende una placa digitalizadora de la imagen y un software que analizara las imagenes obtenidas por una camara termica enfocada a la zona radiada de la muestra que queremos caracterizar.In addition to the optical elements described, the system consists of a processor or a computer responsible for controlling the anterior lens so that it can control the diameter of the circular crown to which we have referred. The system also includes an image digitizing plate and software that will analyze the images obtained by a thermal camera focused on the radiated area of the sample we want to characterize.
Procedimiento:Process:
Como se ha esbozado anteriormente, el procedimiento comienza por generar con el laser la corona circular C0 mas grande posible en la superficie de la muestra. Dicha corona podra ser vista por una camara sensible al calor (termica) que generara un numero de frames o cuadros de imagen por segundo. Cada imagen obtenida sera digitalizada por el frame grabber anterior y enviada a un software encargado de determinar el clrculo mas frlo de todos los que esten dentro de la corona inicial generada.As outlined above, the procedure begins by generating with the laser the largest possible circular crown C0 on the surface of the sample. Said crown may be seen by a heat-sensitive (thermal) camera that will generate a number of frames or picture frames per second. Each image obtained will be digitized by the previous grabber frame and sent to a software responsible for determining the coldest calculation of all those within the initial generated crown.
Proyectada C0 el procedimiento continua hallando mediante analisis de la imagen de la camara, el punto de menor temperatura dentro de esa corona anterior lo que nos dara el radio de la nueva corona a proyectar.Projected C0, the procedure continues to find, by analyzing the image of the camera, the point of lowest temperature within that anterior crown, which will give us the radius of the new crown to be projected.
Tras hallar el radio R1 de la nueva corona se procede a controlar la lente variable con el fin de generar dicha C sobre la muestra centrada (con el mismo centro que) con la C0 inicial con un nuevo radio igual al hallado. Probablemente el radio de Ci sea cero. En ese caso la corona sera un spot en el centro de la corona inicial.After finding the radius R1 of the new crown, the variable lens is controlled in order to generate said C on the centered sample (with the same center as) with the initial C0 with a new radius equal to that found. Probably the radius of Ci is zero. In that case the crown will be a spot in the center of the initial crown.
A partir de este momento el proceso se repite indefinidamente: Se procede a calcular el punto de menor temperatura dentro de la C0 inicial y a partir de el, el radio Rn de la corona Cn que posea la minima temperatura. El resultado sera una Cn que tendra un radio mayor que cero e inferior al de C1. De nuevo generaremos esa corona con el laser gracias al sistema de control y continuaremos asl sucesivamente para obtener finalmente una sucesion de coronas centradas todas en un mismo centro y con radios correspondientes a los puntos interiores que esten con la temperatura minima en el momento de hallarlas.From this moment on, the process is repeated indefinitely: The point of lowest temperature within the initial C0 is calculated and from it, the radius Rn of the crown Cn that has the minimum temperature. The result will be a Cn that will have a radius greater than zero and less than C1. Again, we will generate that crown with the laser thanks to the control system and we will continue in this way to finally obtain a succession of crowns centered all in the same center and with radii corresponding to the interior points that are with the minimum temperature at the time of finding them.
El software nos permitira, entre otras funcionalidades, presentar la imagen obtenida en cada fraccion de segundo para poder visualizarla en la pantalla del ordenador o para su tratamiento como se explicara a continuation.The software will allow us, among other features, to present the image obtained in each fraction of a second to be able to view it on the computer screen or for its treatment as explained below.
El tratamiento de imagen que aqul se propone consiste en determinar el punto, interior al de la corona de diametro maximo, que se encuentra con la menor temperatura en un instante dado.The image treatment proposed here is to determine the point, inside that of the crown of maximum diameter, which is at the lowest temperature at a given time.
Una calibration inicial permitira fijar en la imagen el radio de la corona circular inicial asl como la ubicacion del punto que constituye el centro de la misma.An initial calibration will allow to fix in the image the radius of the initial circular crown as well as the location of the point that constitutes the center of the same.
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Para cada frame o imagen de cuadro obtenida por la placa digitalizadora, el sistema determina la localization del punto de menor temperatura y a partir de este y del punto correspondiente al centro de la corona, el radio o distancia a dicho punto que servira para determinar Cn.For each frame or frame image obtained by the digitizing plate, the system determines the location of the lowest temperature point and from this and the point corresponding to the center of the crown, the radius or distance to said point that will serve to determine Cn.
El procesador donde tiene lugar todo ese calculo estara conectado a la lente de foco variable para poder controlar su enfoque y asl fijar el radio de cualquier nueva corona circular que se pretenda generar. En este sentido otra calibracion debe realizarse precisamente para ajustar el control de la lente de foco variable al tamano que se determine en el proceso de calculo del radio mencionado anteriormente. Esta calibration debe ser tal que fijado un punto se pueda generar una nueva corona de forma que la misma este sobre dicho punto.The processor where all this calculation takes place will be connected to the variable focus lens in order to control its focus and thus fix the radius of any new circular crown that is intended to be generated. In this sense another calibration must be carried out precisely to adjust the control of the variable focus lens to the size determined in the calculation process of the aforementioned radius. This calibration must be such that once a point is set, a new crown can be generated so that it is above that point.
En la muestra que se pretende caracterizar, iran proyectandose una serie de coronas sucesivas desde la maxima inicial, que generaran una serie de anillos todos concentricos cuyas diferencias de temperatura iran decreciendo conforme el proceso tiene lugar.In the sample that is intended to characterize, a series of successive crowns will be projected from the initial maximum, which will generate a series of all concentric rings whose temperature differences will decrease as the process takes place.
Como se ha comentado, el procedimiento continua indefinidamente buscando el punto de minima temperatura interior al anillo maximo y generando un nuevo anillo de excitation con un radio igual a la distancia de ese punto al centro de los anillos.As mentioned, the procedure continues indefinitely looking for the minimum temperature point inside the maximum ring and generating a new excitation ring with a radius equal to the distance from that point to the center of the rings.
Al cabo de un tiempo, la camara mostrara un circulo en cuyo interior la temperatura es muy constante (fuera del circulo la temperatura decrecera paulatinamente) con un error que dependera de varios factores tales como grosor de la corona circular generada, velocidad de conmutacion del sistema para generar una nueva corona o anillo, etc. Estos a su vez dependeran de otros factores como la calidad de la lente conica empleada, tipo de lente automatica, etc. Controlando adecuadamente estos factores se puede conseguir una precision o uniformidad cada vez mayor en la constancia de temperatura pretendida.After a while, the camera will show a circle inside which the temperature is very constant (outside the circle the temperature will gradually decrease) with an error that will depend on several factors such as thickness of the generated circular crown, system switching speed to generate a new crown or ring, etc. These in turn will depend on other factors such as the quality of the conical lens used, type of automatic lens, etc. Properly controlling these factors can achieve greater precision or uniformity in the constancy of the intended temperature.
El control del radio de anillo de excitacion viene determinado por una lente con distancia focal variable como la referida en la patente WO 2013126042 A2.The control of the excitation ring radius is determined by a lens with variable focal length as referred to in WO 2013126042 A2.
Es importante senalar que tenemos control de la distancia focal de la lente de enfoque del anillo, de la intensidad de la salida del laser y del tiempo de exposition de cada anillo. Igualmente tenemos information de la camara termografica que puede darnos la imagen de la cara frla y de la cara caliente de la muestra o probeta empleada. De esta forma la caracterizacion de un material se simplifica drasticamente, abaratando asl el proceso y el tiempo del mismo.It is important to note that we have control of the focal length of the focusing lens of the ring, the intensity of the laser output and the exposure time of each ring. We also have information on the thermographic camera that can give us the image of the cold face and the hot face of the sample used. In this way the characterization of a material is drastically simplified, thus reducing the process and its time.
Finalmente, decir que en el procedimiento, el algoritmo de generation de una zona de temperatura constante consiste en irradiar con el anillo de radio maximo sobre la zona de interes denominado "circulo inicial", de acuerdo con las siguientes fases:Finally, to say that in the procedure, the algorithm for generating a constant temperature zone consists in irradiating with the maximum radius ring over the zone of interest called the "initial circle", according to the following phases:
a. Detectar el punto de menor temperatura dentro de la zona interior al circulo inicial generado.to. Detect the point of lowest temperature within the interior zone to the initial circle generated.
b. Determinar el radio del anillo sobre el que se encontrarla el punto detectado en el punto anterior.b. Determine the radius of the ring on which the point detected in the previous point would be found.
c. Crear un anillo de irradiation con el radio determinado en el punto anterior.C. Create an irradiation ring with the radius determined in the previous point.
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d.d.
Irradiar durante un tiempo T = constante.Irradiate for a time T = constant.
e. Volver al punto a).and. Return to point a).
Con la particularidad de que el algoritmo de generation incluye intervalos t de irradiation que son directamente proporcionales al gradiente o diferencia de temperatura con los anillos adyacentes, dependiendo dichos intervalos t de radiation de la distancia al centro del anillo irradiador.With the particularity that the generation algorithm includes irradiation t intervals that are directly proportional to the gradient or temperature difference with the adjacent rings, said radiation t intervals depending on the distance to the center of the irradiating ring.
Descripcion de los dibujosDescription of the drawings
Para complementar la descripcion que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprension de las caracterlsticas del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realization practica del mismo, se acompana como parte integrante de dicha descripcion, un juego de dibujos en donde con caracter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is accompanied as an integral part of said description. where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra un esquema correspondiente al diagrama de bloques en que se materializa el sistema de la invencion.Figure 1 shows a diagram corresponding to the block diagram in which the system of the invention materializes.
La figura 2.- Muestra una representation esquematica de perfil y frontal de la temperatura que se produce en base al patron generado segun el sistema de la invention.Figure 2.- Shows a schematic representation of profile and frontal temperature that is produced based on the pattern generated according to the system of the invention.
Realizacion preferente de la invencionPreferred Embodiment of the Invention
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, el sistema de la invencion se constituye a partir de un subsistema laser (1), con un elemento de control de potencia (2) que genera luz a traves de una fibra optica (3) que alcanza un colimador (4) previsto en el interior de una caja (13), de manera que el rayo saliente de la fibra optica (3) alcanza el colimador (4), para evitar asl la dispersion de la luz generada, es decir concentrando el rayo para ser dirigido hacia un lente conica (5), generadora de un patron en forma de anillo (6), siendo la salida obstaculizada por un diafragma (7) que forma parte de lo que es un colimador adicional, pudiendo ser manual o automatico y cuya finalidad es proteger al sistemas de salidas indeseables al formar parte del mismo el colimador adicional.As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the system of the invention is constituted from a laser subsystem (1), with a power control element (2) that generates light through an optical fiber (3) that reaches a collimator (4) provided inside a box (13), so that the protruding ray of the optical fiber (3) reaches the collimator (4), in order to avoid the dispersion of the generated light, that is to say by concentrating the ray to be directed towards a conical lens (5), generating a ring-shaped pattern (6), the output being hindered by a diaphragm (7) that is part of what is an additional collimator, being able to be manual or automatic and whose purpose is to protect the systems from undesirable exits as the additional collimator is part of it.
El rayo, tras el paso por ese diafragma (7) y colimador adicional alcanza una lente de enfoque variable (8), efectuandose la variation electronicamente mediante el sistema de control (11) para dirigir dicho anillo directamente a la muestra o pobreta (9) que se pretende estudiar, todo ello de manera tal que una o varias camaras termicas (10) de vision infrarroja, permiten obtener information de la distribution de la temperatura de cada elemento de superficie de la muestra (9), efectuandose el analisis mediante un procesador u ordenador (11), que permite adoptar el algoritmo mas adecuado para obtener una distribucion constante de la temperatura.The beam, after passing through that diaphragm (7) and additional collimator reaches a variable focus lens (8), the variation being made electronically by the control system (11) to direct said ring directly to the sample or poor (9) which is intended to study, all in such a way that one or more thermal cameras (10) infrared vision, allow to obtain information on the distribution of the temperature of each surface element of the sample (9), the analysis being carried out by means of a processor or computer (11), which allows adopting the most appropriate algorithm to obtain a constant temperature distribution.
El sistema se complementa ademas con una tarjeta digitalizadora de imagenes (12) que facilita el analisis de las mismas y la determination de los radios de las sucesivas coronar a generar.The system is also complemented by an image digitizing card (12) that facilitates their analysis and the determination of the radii of the successive crown to be generated.
Mediante el control del tiempo de exposition, de la potencia o energla entregada por el sistema laser (1) y el diametro del anillo generado, junto con el procedimiento explicado en esta invencion, se puede generar una zona circular de temperatura constante queBy controlling the exposure time, the power or energy delivered by the laser system (1) and the diameter of the generated ring, together with the procedure explained in this invention, a circular zone of constant temperature can be generated that
servira para tener una zona representativa de la muestra de material a dicha temperatura homogenea, y que permitira la caracterizacion del material frente a la temperatura.it will serve to have a representative area of the sample of material at said homogeneous temperature, and that will allow the characterization of the material against temperature.
Por ultimo decir que en cuanto al sistema, el mismo se complementa con un software 5 asociado al ordenador o procesador (11) para el analisis de las imagenes termograficas obtenidas por las camaras termicas (10), pudiendo disponerse ademas de un telemetro adicional para medir la distancia a la muestra (9).Finally, as for the system, it is complemented with software 5 associated with the computer or processor (11) for the analysis of the thermographic images obtained by the thermal cameras (10), and an additional telemeter may also be available to measure the distance to the sample (9).
En la figura 2, se muestra concretamente la representation esquematica de perfil y frontal 10 de la excitation mostrada por el patron generado mediante el sistema anteriormente descrito.In figure 2, the schematic representation of profile and frontal 10 of the excitation shown by the pattern generated by the system described above is shown concretely.
En tal figura 2 puede observarse como la excitacion inicial en forma de anillo se representa en la grafica D para pasar despues a la E y despues a la G obteniendose 15 finalmente la F.In such figure 2 it can be seen how the initial excitation in the form of a ring is represented in graph D to then pass to E and then to G, finally obtaining F.
La figura A representa el perfil la excitacion inicial en forma de corona generando una circunferencia de perfil gaussiano de la que la figura A es el corte. La siguiente figura representa el pulso en el instante siguiente con una gaussiana central. Tras todo el 20 proceso explicado en este documento la temperatura alcanzara un perfil del tipo indicado en la figura C, donde puede verse como la meseta de la curva representada es practicamente plana dentro del radio designado.Figure A represents the initial crown-shaped excitation profile generating a circumference of Gaussian profile from which Figure A is the cut. The following figure represents the pulse in the next instant with a central Gaussian. After all the process explained in this document the temperature will reach a profile of the type indicated in Figure C, where it can be seen how the plateau of the curve represented is practically flat within the designated radius.
Claims (10)
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| DE2821883C2 (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1980-07-17 | Ibm Deutschland Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for material processing |
| US4636611A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1987-01-13 | General Electric Company | Quiescent circle and arc generator |
| DE3934640C1 (en) * | 1989-10-17 | 1991-02-28 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Regulating temp. of laser radiation directed to biological tissue - measuring IR radiation emitted from latter exclusively in spectral range of atmospheric window |
| JPH06318558A (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1994-11-15 | Hitachi Vlsi Eng Corp | Lamp annealing equipment |
| JPH0554414A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-03-05 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Optical pickup device |
| DE69312894T2 (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1998-02-12 | Philips Electronics Nv | Pyrometer with emission meter |
| DE4419750C1 (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-06-22 | Siemens Ag | Ceramic component testing system for heat shield or turbine blade |
| US5998768A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-12-07 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Active thermal control of surfaces by steering heating beam in response to sensed thermal radiation |
| US6303411B1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2001-10-16 | Vortek Industries Ltd. | Spatially resolved temperature measurement and irradiance control |
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